Interpretation of Two Poems of Gao Shi's Biedongda (Ⅰ)

Gaoshi

A journey of a thousand miles

During the day in Huang Yun, Wan Li,

I don't know what you're talking about.

The north wind blows geese and snow.

When I wake up.

Don't worry about not knowing yourself,

Tianxun

Everyone in the world doesn't know you.

Two Poems by Bie Dongda (Ⅱ)

Gaoshi

Six purlins fell and felt sorry for themselves,

I have been away from Luo Jing for more than ten years.

A poor husband is not enough,

Do not drink when we meet today.

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Gao Shi (702-765) was a poet in the Tang Dynasty. The word Duff, the word loyalty. Diao (now Jingxian County, Hebei Province) was born. I used to be a regular rider. There is the Historical Records of Gaochang. Practical personality, informal. He has been wandering for half his life and is familiar with frontier life. His frontier poems are generous and desolate, with true charm.

Gao Shi was a famous frontier poet in Tang Dynasty, and was also called "Gao Cen" with Cen Can. The brushwork is vigorous and vigorous, full of the unique spirit of the times in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. I am lonely and poor, I love to make friends, I have the style of a ranger, and I have made contributions to my career. In his early years, he traveled to Chang 'an, and later to Jimen and Lulong, seeking ways to enter the body, all of which failed. Before and after this, he lived in the Song Dynasty and made friends with Li Bai and Du Fu. Dora Dong (about 695-765), a native of Longxi, was a famous pianist in the Kaiyuan and Tianbao periods of the Tang Dynasty. In his early years, Dong learned the popular Shen Jiasheng and Sheng from Chen Huaigu, who joined the army in Fengzhou (now Shaanxi), and compiled Hu Jia, who was good at it, into piano music. Dong's reputation later surpassed that of He Zhu. A hundred years later, Yuan Zhen still praised in his poem: "Sorrow refers to Dong Jiaben." Dong enjoyed a high reputation in the Tang Dynasty. For example, Gao Shi's "Don't Move Big" wrote: "Mochow has a vast road ahead, and no one knows the monarch in the world." At that time, many poets had contacts with him and described his piano skills in their poems. One of the most famous is Li Qi's Listening to Dong Da Playing the Piano, which gives a detailed and vivid description of his superb piano skills. Dong's Music Collection was prefaced by the famous doctor Li Ao at that time. Dong was poor all his life. Gao Shi once said in a poem: "When a husband is poor and cheap, he has no money to drink today." Xue also said: "Not for princes, but for people who have distributed mountains and valleys for sixty years." Before he was 60 years old, he spent almost all his time in his hometown Longxi Mountain Village. At the end of Tianbao, at the request of Prime Minister Gui Fang, being a diner under his door was once criticized by the world. Among Dong's students, his hearing is very keen, and his tune is "to the point", especially good at sinking and wishing. Du Fu, another disciple, was also called "Shen family will never fall" by Rong Hong. In the eighth year of Tianbao (749), he was recommended by Zhang Jiugao, the prefect of Suiyang, and was named Qiu Wei. In the eleventh year, he went to Chang 'an again because he couldn't bear to "lash Li Shu" and didn't want to "welcome officials". The following year, he entered the door of Ge Shuhan, the envoy of Longyou and Hexi, and served as the secretary in charge. After the Anshi Rebellion, he successively served as our ambassadors to Huainan, Pengzhou, Zhou Shu and Jiannan, and was appointed as the left minister. The world calls it "high feldspar". The book of the Old Tang Dynasty Gao Zhuan said: "When the prosperous Tang Dynasty comes, the poet can only do this."

Gao Shi's life and creation can be divided into four periods:

(1) Twenty years ago, when he failed to find a job and was trapped in the Song Dynasty, he began to write poetry.

(2) From the 20th year of Kaiyuan to the 8th year of Tianbao, the first time he left the fortress, idled around and accomplished nothing, which was the heyday of his creation;

(3) From eight to fourteen years in Tianbao, you can continue to play your creativity by standing aside and joining the army;

(4) After Yuan Zai (756), he was proud of his official career. Although he also wrote some excellent works, on the whole, it is not as good as the first three issues.

Gao Shi's poems have a wide range of themes, rich content and strong reality. There are mainly the following categories:

1 frontier poems, the highest achievement. His representative works include Ge Yanxing, Five Poems on Jimen, Cezanne, Xia Sai Qu, Ji Zhongzuo and Nine Songs, which praised the soldiers' lofty sentiments of bravely serving the country and making contributions, wrote down their hard life in the army and their beautiful desire for peace, and exposed the arrogance and extravagance of frontier generals, their insensitivity to foot soldiers and the unclear rewards and punishments of the court. Gao Shi's works praising unjust wars and discriminating against ethnic minorities, such as Li Yunnan's Poems for Young Adults, are the dross of this kind of poetry.

(2) Poetry reflecting the sufferings of people's livelihood. These poems profoundly reveal the contradiction between the rulers and the broad masses of the people, such as Thirteen Yellow Rivers in Qi Qi (9) and Floods in Dongping and Lu Yu. It truly describes the heavy burden of taxes, corvees and natural disasters of farmers and expresses sympathy for their suffering. He also wrote some poems praising "good officials" and advocated levity from the idea of "benevolent government"

(3) sarcasm hurts poetry. Generally speaking, it refers to abusing politics and criticizing the rulers' arrogance and extravagance, such as "Ancient Songs" and "It's hard to walk through their two poems". There are also some poems that show anxiety and indignation about the political situation after the Anshi Rebellion, such as "Rewarding Mr. Pei with Poems instead of Books" and "Two Poems by Baizhang Peak".

④ There are the most poems chanting for the bosom, and the ideological content is more complicated. If you don't send Guo Shaofu Wei, Xiao Gu to Tweety, Zuo, etc. for the three certificates of joining the army and rewarding Xue. This expresses their dissatisfaction with reality. For example, "Fu Dehuan Yin Shan sends his thoughts to a kind person" and "Every day sends his addendum to Toure", or expresses friendship and other wishes, or yearns for seclusion, which is sincere and quite infectious. There are also some works in this kind of poems that envy fame and fortune and flatter powerful people, which is not desirable. In addition, there are some poems about history, such as Ten Poems of the Song Dynasty, and some poems describing the scenery of the journey, such as "Three Leads of the Qingyi Army" and "A Trip to Pengzhou Mountain", which are also quite good. Gao Shi's poems were already famous at that time. "The Book of the New Tang Dynasty, The Biography of Gao Shi" said that he was "arrogant. Every article has it, and good people need to spread it. " Yin □ "He Bao" also praised him for "having substance in words, full of spirit, and both the ruling and the opposition like his writing". Wang Shi-□ pointed out that the style of Gao Shi's poetry is "solemn and solemn" (poetry follows the classroom). The basic characteristics of Gao Shi's poetic style are deep feelings, calm spirit, straightforward language and bold brushwork. In terms of poetic style, Gao Shi's ancient style is superior to modern poetry, especially the seven verses of ancient style. The music is long, the waves are wide, and the voice is frustrated. The most important thing is to be strong, be strong. Five simple and straightforward, close to the taste of ancient poems in Han and Wei dynasties. In the near body, the seven methods and seven stunts are superior. Gao Shi's Works is a collection of poems edited by Zhang Jiugao and prefaced by Yan Zhenqing about seven years ago. The old and new Tang Shu recorded 20 volumes of his collected works, which did not exist. Today, there is a copy of Gaochang Historical Records, which is collected by Sikuquanshu. There are 8 books of poetry and 2 articles. There are also 8 volumes of photocopied movable type books in the four series. In addition, Zhang Xunye, Xu Zichang and other versions are two volumes. Gao shiji, unified series of Ming and Qing dynasties, 1. There are still some lost articles in Dunhuang Selected Poems of Tang Dynasty and Gao Shi's poems. Annotations include Liu Kaiyang's Annotation on Chronology of Gao Shi's Poems and Sun Qinshan's Annotation on Gao Shi's Collection, both of which are accompanied by chronologies. The works about Gao Shi's life include Poems about Gao Shi's Life, Textual Research on Peng Lan's Chronology of Gao Shi, Chronology of Gao Shi at the Beginning of Zhou Xun, and Several Issues in Fu Xuancong's Chronology of Gao Shi's Poets in Tang Dynasty.

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1. Dong Da: Dong, a famous artist in the Xuanzong period of the Tang Dynasty, was good at playing the piano and was known as the "Guqin Prince". Being big is ranking first among brothers.

2. Wei: The sun is dark. It means the sky is cloudy and the sun is gloomy.

3. bosom friend: bosom friend.

4. knowledge: appreciation.

5. Jun: An ancient honorific title. This refers to Dongda University.

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(1) Wan Liyun is yellow, and the sun is like the afterglow of the sunset. It was snowing heavily, and the geese flew south neatly. Don't worry if you don't meet a bosom friend. Everyone in the world doesn't know you, Dong!