What is the reason for Baden's siege? War process and result

The siege of Deng Bai was an event in 200 BC (the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu) when Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was besieged by Xiongnu in Deng Bai (now Mapu Mountain in the northeast of Datong City, Shanxi Province).

In 20 1 year BC (the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu), Han Wangxin rebelled in Datong, colluded with Xiongnu and attempted to attack Taiyuan.

Emperor gaozu Liu Bang personally led 320,000 troops to meet the Xiongnu, first winning in Tonggong (now Qin County, Shanxi Province) and then pursuing Loufan (now Ningwu, Shanxi Province).

It was a cold winter and it snowed heavily. Liu Bang ignored Liu Jing's advice and stopped him. He rushed forward and chased Datong Pingcheng. The result was lured by the Huns.

Liu bang and his vanguard troops were besieged in Dengbaishan, Pingcheng for 7 days and 7 nights, and completely cut off contact with the main force. Later, Liu Bang used Chen Ping's stratagem to bribe his wife, E Shi, to escape.

After the siege of Deng Bai, Liu Bang realized that it was not advisable to solve the dispute with Xiongnu only by military means. Therefore, for a considerable period of time, adopting the policy of "pro-marriage" has become the main means to win over the Huns and maintain border peace.

The cause of the war:

Han Wangxin fought the Huns, losing more and winning less. In the autumn of 20 1 year BC (the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu), Modu Khan led an army and besieged Mayi with 65,438+10,000 fighters. Han Wangxin had to send messengers to make peace with Xiongnu many times.

Liu Bang suspected that Han Wangxin had a secret connection with the Huns, so he sent a letter accusing Han Wangxin. Han Wangxin was worried that he would be punished, so he agreed that the Huns would attack Han and surrendered to Mayi. Then Han Wangxin and Xiongnu went south, entered Yanmenguan and occupied Taiyuan County.

War process:

Win the first battle

In the winter of 200 BC (the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu), Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang led 320,000 troops to the Xiongnu and suppressed the rebellion of Han Wangxin. The main advisers accompanying him were Chen Ping and Lou Jing, and the generals were Fan Kuai, Xia Houying and Zhou Bo.

After the Han army entered Taiyuan County, it won many battles, especially Tonglu (now Qinxian County, Shanxi Province), which won a great victory, causing heavy casualties to Han Wang Xinjun. His subordinate general Wang Xi was killed by the Han army, and Han Wangxin fled to Xiongnu. Some generals, such as Manchu, a white native, and the descendant of Jean, the King of Zhao in the Warring States Period, gathered defeated soldiers and prepared to conspire with Xiongnu to attack Han again.

The modu chanyu sent more than 10,000 people from around Xianwang to ride to Jinyang area with Wang Huang and other troops stationed in Guangwu (Yangmingbao Town, southwest of Daixian County, Shanxi Province) in an attempt to stop the Han army from advancing northward. The Han army pursued them, defeated Han Wangxin and Xiongnu Allied Forces in Jinyang, pursued them to Lishi (now lishi district, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province), and defeated Han Wangxin and Xiongnu Allied Forces again. Xiongnu once again assembled troops in the northwest of Loufan and was defeated by Han cavalry.

Lightly attack the enemy.

From the successive victories of the Han army, the idea of paralyzing and underestimating the enemy came into being. When Liu Bang arrived in Jinyang, he heard that Xiongnu troops were stationed in Daigu (now Fan Shi to Yuanping), so he sent someone to investigate the situation of modu chanyu first. And modu chanyu hides his elite soldiers, fat cattle and horses, and only reveals old and weak soldiers and thin livestock. More than a dozen envoys sent back said that the Huns could attack.

Liu Bang sent Liu Jing (Lou Jing) to the Huns. When he came back, he reported: "The two countries have gone to war, and it is time to show their strength. Now when I go there, I only see thin livestock and old and weak soldiers. This must be a deliberate attempt to expose my shortcomings and ambush raiders of the lost ark for victory. I thought the Huns could not attack. "

By this time, the Han army had crossed Zhushan and 200 thousand troops went out. Liu Bang was very angry when he heard this and scolded, "Qi is a coward! You can get an official position with two mouths, and now you dare to talk nonsense to hinder my army. " Liu Jing was imprisoned in Guangwu County, ready to be punished after his victory.

Besieged Deng Bai

Liu bang led the cavalry to Pingcheng (now Datong city, Shanxi province), but the Han infantry has not arrived yet. Modu chanyu Khan saw Han soldiers swarming in and set an ambush in Deng Baishan.

As soon as Liu Bangyi led the military forces into the encirclement, Moduohan immediately commanded 400,000 Xiongnu troops, stopped the Han infantry, and besieged Liu Bangyi's military forces in Deng Baishan, leaving the Han army with no food and no reinforcements outside, so that it could not be rescued.

After Liu Bang found himself surrounded, he organized a breakthrough. After several fierce battles, he did not break out.

Subsequently, Morton led the cavalry to besiege on all sides: tarquin had white horses in the west, green horses in the east, dark horses in the north and red horses in the south, in an attempt to disperse the Han army. As a result, the two sides lost a lot and have been deadlocked.

It's the middle of winter and the climate is very cold. Han soldiers are not used to living in the north, and many people suffer from frostbite, including two or three fingers. The Huns besieged Deng Bai for seven days and seven nights, but did not occupy it.

Escape from the encirclement

After being besieged for seven days, the Han army ran out of food, hungry and cold, and was in danger. Chen Ping saw that Morton liked the newly acquired E Shi (Khan's wife and concubine) very much, and she was inseparable from him day and night. This time I camped at the foot of the mountain. I often rode in and out with E Shi, smiling and whispering with deep love. So I gave Liu an idea and wanted to get an idea from there. Liu Bang adopted Chen Ping's plan and sent messengers down the mountain by fog, giving E Shi many gold, silver and jewels.

So E Shi said to modu chanyu: "The army got the news that hundreds of thousands of troops from the Han Dynasty came to rescue, and I'm afraid it will arrive tomorrow." Khan asked, "Is there such a thing?" E Shi replied: "Don't push each other too hard. Now that the emperor of the Han Dynasty is trapped in the mountains, how can the Han people stop here? " Naturally, they will try their best to save each other.

Even if we defeat the Han people and seize their city, we may not be able to live permanently, because it is not acclimatized. If we can't destroy the Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, we can't * * * enjoy happiness when reinforcements arrive and are attacked from inside and outside. Morton asked, "What should I do?" E Shi said, "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was besieged for seven days, but the army did not panic. There must be God to help him. Although there is danger, he will be safe in the end.

Why do you go against your destiny and have to destroy him? It's better to let him live, lest any disaster befall us in the future. "

Modu chanyu originally arranged a meeting date with Wang Huang and Zhao Li, subordinates of Han Wangxin, but their troops did not arrive on time. Maud Khan suspected that they were colluding with the Han army, so he took E Shi's advice and opened a corner of the encirclement to let the Han army retreat.

It was foggy that day, and the Han army drew a bow and arrow and slowly walked out of the corner that had been raised, so that it could escape.

The consequences and effects of the war:

result

After the "siege of Deng Bai", Morton Khan repeatedly violated the covenant between Han Dynasty and Xiongnu, and wantonly invaded the border. Liu Bang beheaded a dozen envoys who had suggested that Xiongnu could attack him, pardoned Liu Jing, named him Shanhaiguan Hou, ate 2,000 households, and named him Jianxin Hou.

affect

In order to recover from illness, Liu Bang took Liu Jing's advice and married princess royal and Huns, but Lv Hou refused and cried day and night. Liu Bang took the imperial clan as his concubine, married modu chanyu, and sent Liu Jing to accompany him. In addition, the Han dynasty gave the Huns a lot of cotton wool, silk, grain, wine and so on every year. Since then, Han and Xiongnu agreed to become brothers, each with the Great Wall as the boundary, and the relationship between the two countries was temporarily eased.

The cause of the siege of Baden

The siege of Deng Bai was an event in 200 BC (the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu) when Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang was besieged by Xiongnu in Deng Bai (now Mapu Mountain in the northeast of Datong City, Shanxi Province).

In 20 1 year BC (the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu), Han Wangxin rebelled in Datong, colluded with Xiongnu and attempted to attack Taiyuan.

Emperor gaozu Liu Bang personally led 320,000 troops to meet the Xiongnu, first winning in Tonggong (now Qinxian County, Shanxi Province) and then pursuing Loufan (now Ningwu, Shanxi Province).

It was a cold winter and it snowed heavily. Liu Bang ignored Liu Jing's advice and stopped him. He rushed forward and chased Datong Pingcheng. The result was lured by the Huns.

Liu bang and his vanguard troops were besieged in Dengbaishan, Pingcheng for 7 days and 7 nights, and completely cut off contact with the main force. Later, Liu Bang used Chen Ping's stratagem to bribe his wife, E Shi, to escape.

After the siege of Deng Bai, Liu Bang realized that it was not advisable to solve the dispute with Xiongnu only by military means. Therefore, for a considerable period of time, adopting the policy of "pro-marriage" has become the main means to win over the Huns and maintain border peace.

The cause of the war:

Han Wangxin fought the Huns, losing more and winning less. In the autumn of 20 1 year BC (the sixth year of Emperor Gaozu), Modu Khan led an army and besieged Mayi with 65,438+10,000 fighters. Han Wangxin had to send messengers to make peace with Xiongnu many times.

Liu Bang suspected that Han Wangxin had a secret connection with the Huns, so he sent a letter accusing Han Wangxin. Han Wangxin was worried that he would be punished, so he agreed that the Huns would attack Han and surrendered to Mayi. Then Han Wangxin and Xiongnu went south, entered Yanmenguan and occupied Taiyuan County.

War process:

Win the first battle

In the winter of 200 BC (the seventh year of Emperor Gaozu), Emperor Gaozu Liu Bang led 320,000 troops to the Xiongnu and suppressed the rebellion of Han Wangxin. The main advisers accompanying him were Chen Ping and Lou Jing, and the generals were Fan Kuai, Xia Houying and Zhou Bo.

After the Han army entered Taiyuan County, it won many battles, especially Tonglu (now Qinxian County, Shanxi Province), which won a great victory, causing heavy casualties to Han Wang Xinjun. His subordinate general Wang Xi was killed by the Han army, and Han Wangxin fled to Xiongnu. Some generals, such as Manchu, a white native, and the descendant of Jean, the King of Zhao in the Warring States Period, gathered defeated soldiers and prepared to conspire with Xiongnu to attack Han again.

The modu chanyu sent more than 10,000 people from around Xianwang to ride to Jinyang area with Wang Huang and other troops stationed in Guangwu (Yangmingbao Town, southwest of Daixian County, Shanxi Province) in an attempt to stop the Han army from advancing northward. The Han army pursued them, defeated Han Wangxin and Xiongnu Allied Forces in Jinyang, pursued them to Lishi (now lishi district, Lvliang City, Shanxi Province), and defeated Han Wangxin and Xiongnu Allied Forces again. Xiongnu once again assembled troops in the northwest of Loufan and was defeated by Han cavalry.

Lightly attack the enemy.

From the successive victories of the Han army, the idea of paralyzing and underestimating the enemy came into being. When Liu Bang arrived in Jinyang, he heard that Xiongnu troops were stationed in Daigu (now Fan Shi to Yuanping), so he sent someone to investigate the situation of modu chanyu first. And modu chanyu hides his elite soldiers, fat cattle and horses, and only reveals old and weak soldiers and thin livestock. More than a dozen envoys sent back said that the Huns could attack.

Liu Bang sent Liu Jing (Lou Jing) to the Huns. When he came back, he reported: "The two countries have gone to war, and it is time to show their strength. Now when I go there, I only see thin livestock and old and weak soldiers. This must be a deliberate attempt to expose my shortcomings and ambush raiders of the lost ark for victory. I thought the Huns could not attack. "

By this time, the Han army had crossed Zhushan and 200 thousand troops went out. Liu Bang was very angry when he heard this and scolded, "Qi is a coward! You can get an official position with two mouths, and now you dare to talk nonsense to hinder my army. " Liu Jing was imprisoned in Guangwu County, ready to be punished after his victory.

Besieged Deng Bai

Liu bang led the cavalry to Pingcheng (now Datong city, Shanxi province), but the Han infantry has not arrived yet. Modu chanyu Khan saw Han soldiers swarming in and set an ambush in Deng Baishan.

As soon as Liu Bangyi led the military forces into the encirclement, Moduohan immediately commanded 400,000 Xiongnu troops, stopped the Han infantry, and besieged Liu Bangyi's military forces in Deng Baishan, leaving the Han army with no food and no reinforcements outside, so that it could not be rescued.

After Liu Bang found himself surrounded, he organized a breakthrough. After several fierce battles, he did not break out.

Subsequently, Morton led the cavalry to besiege on all sides: tarquin had white horses in the west, green horses in the east, dark horses in the north and red horses in the south, in an attempt to disperse the Han army. As a result, the two sides lost a lot and have been deadlocked.

It's the middle of winter and the climate is very cold. Han soldiers are not used to living in the north, and many people suffer from frostbite, including two or three fingers. The Huns besieged Deng Bai for seven days and seven nights, but did not occupy it.

Escape from the encirclement

After being besieged for seven days, the Han army ran out of food, hungry and cold, and was in danger. Chen Ping saw that Morton liked the newly acquired E Shi (Khan's wife and concubine) very much, and she was inseparable from him day and night. This time I camped at the foot of the mountain. I often rode in and out with E Shi, smiling and whispering with deep love. So I gave Liu an idea and wanted to get an idea from there. Liu Bang adopted Chen Ping's plan and sent messengers down the mountain by fog, giving E Shi many gold, silver and jewels.

So E Shi said to modu chanyu: "The army got the news that hundreds of thousands of troops from the Han Dynasty came to rescue, and I'm afraid it will arrive tomorrow." Khan asked, "Is there such a thing?" E Shi replied: "Don't push each other too hard. Now that the emperor of the Han Dynasty is trapped in the mountains, how can the Han people stop here? " Naturally, they will try their best to save each other.

Even if we defeat the Han people and seize their city, we may not be able to live permanently, because it is not acclimatized. If we can't destroy the Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty, we can't * * * enjoy happiness when reinforcements arrive and are attacked from inside and outside. Morton asked, "What should I do?" E Shi said, "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty was besieged for seven days, but the army did not panic. There must be God to help him. Although there is danger, he will be safe in the end.

Why do you go against your destiny and have to destroy him? It's better to let him live, lest any disaster befall us in the future. "

Modu chanyu originally arranged a meeting date with Wang Huang and Zhao Li, subordinates of Han Wangxin, but their troops did not arrive on time. Maud Khan suspected that they were colluding with the Han army, so he took E Shi's advice and opened a corner of the encirclement to let the Han army retreat.

It was foggy that day, and the Han army drew a bow and arrow and slowly walked out of the corner that had been raised, so that it could escape.

The consequences and effects of the war:

result

After the "siege of Deng Bai", Morton Khan repeatedly violated the covenant between Han Dynasty and Xiongnu, and wantonly invaded the border. Liu Bang beheaded a dozen envoys who had previously suggested that the Huns could attack him, pardoned Liu Jing, named him Shanhaiguan Hou, ate 2,000 households, and named him Jianxin Hou.

affect

In order to recover from illness, Liu Bang took Liu Jing's advice and married princess royal and Huns, but Lv Hou refused and cried day and night. Liu Bang took the imperial clan as his concubine, married modu chanyu, and sent Liu Jing to accompany him. In addition, the Han dynasty gave the Huns a lot of cotton wool, silk, grain, wine and so on every year. Since then, Han and Xiongnu agreed to become brothers, each with the Great Wall as the boundary, and the relationship between the two countries was temporarily eased.