Cave architecture art

The biggest feature of cave architecture is that it is warm in winter and cool in summer. The traditional cave space is arched in appearance.

Although very common, but in the case of monotonous loess as the background, the arc is more light and lively. This natural form not only embodies the traditional idea of circular place, but more importantly, the high circular arch and high window at the door can make the winter sunlight penetrate into the cave further (see figure) and make full use of solar radiation. Because the internal space is arched, it increases the internal vertical space and makes people. My tutor, Mr. Liu Jiaping, once commented on cave architecture: the cave is warm in winter and cool in summer, comfortable and energy-saving, while the traditional space is full of harmony with nature, and the simple appearance is also unique in architectural aesthetics. Cave dwellings generally have cliff type, sinking type and independent type. Among them, the back mountain kiln is the most widely used. It is built on the hillside, and at the edge of the original soil, there are often several steps along the mountain. The top of the lower kiln is the upper vestibule, with a wide field of vision. Sinking cave dwelling is to dig a square pit on the spot, and then dig a cave dwelling on the inner wall to form an underground quadrangle.

Longdong Loess Plateau is the deepest loess place in the world, and Qingyang is located in the typical Longdong Loess Plateau, where there are the most densely populated caves. Dense layers of caves, row upon row, are described as: like caves in the clouds, like pearls embedded in the Loess Plateau.

By the Zhou Dynasty, earth caves were all over the valley. The Book of Songs called it "Fu Tao Tao Cave". During the Tang and Song Dynasties, the types of caves increased and the division of labor among caves was clear. There are dark villages, bright villages and quadrangular villages. In the Ming and Qing dynasties, small castles appeared, and a group of caves or heatable adobe sleeping platforms were enclosed with tall earth walls to defend against the chaos of war, commonly known as fortresses. "Architecture is solidified music, and music is flowing architecture." As a type of earth architecture in underground space, the architectural artistic features of caves are quite different from those of ordinary buildings. Cave architecture is a series of combinations. The carrier of cave dwelling is courtyard, the carrier of courtyard is village, and the carrier of village is mountain or Sichuan or primitive loess nature. Therefore, this kind of architectural plastic art is marked with the word "kiln" from the overall beauty of cave settlement to the micro-detail decoration beauty.

The "pastoral scenery" interest of cave villages lies in turning dull monotony into magic under the desolate and magnificent background. Credit of Loess Gully: See if there are any exposed building communities (villages) near the cliff cave in Guliangmao area, which are gradually turning around.

The change of feeling is beautiful in people. Or in the courtyard as a unit, or in rows and columns, with the change of terrain, the peaks are embedded in the mountains in groups, piles and lines, forming a stepped space in composition, giving people a magnificent feeling. The Yichuan County Records of the Republic of China said that during the Anti-Japanese War, Dongxing Town in Yidong was "a cave on a cliff, and three or four layers of caves were overlapped on both sides of the ditch by slopes." At night, the kiln lights are bright and look like a western-style building from a distance. At one time, everyone compared it to Shanghai Sima Luyun. "The air defense function of this stepped hole and the subjective feeling of the night scene are vividly written.