Historical tourism resources for Jinan tourism

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Summary of content:

Jinan is the capital of Shandong Province, a major economic province on the eastern coast of China. With a long history, beautiful scenery and numerous springs, it is known as the "Spring City". However, with the rapid development of China's economy, Jinan's economy is changing with each passing day. While people are enjoying a new life and appreciating new attractions, it is also very necessary to explore the value that Jinan's history and culture brings to tourism and the unique value of Jinan. .

Keywords: Jinan history, tourism and culture

1. Jinan’s geographical situation

Jinan City is located at 36 degrees 40 minutes north latitude and 117 degrees 00 minutes east longitude. Mount Tai, across the Yellow River in the north, is located at the junction of low mountains and hills in central and southern Shandong and alluvial plains in northwest Shandong. The terrain is higher in the south and lower in the north. The terrain can be divided into three zones: the northern yellow zone, the central plain zone, and the southern hilly and mountainous zone. The main rivers in Jinan include the Yellow River and Xiaoqing River. Lakes include Daming Lake, Baiyun Lake, etc.

Jinan belongs to the warm temperate continental monsoon climate zone, with four distinct seasons and sufficient sunshine.

Jinan is the capital of Shandong Province, a major economic province on the eastern coast of China, the political, economic, technological and educational center of the province, and a famous historical and cultural city announced by the State Council. It is known as "Spring City".

2. History of Jinan

Jinan is one of the important birthplaces of Chinese civilization. Shun, a leader of a primitive tribe in China, was born and lived in this area of ??Jinan. Chengziya in the eastern suburbs of Jinan is the discovery site of China's Neolithic Longshan Culture, marked by black pottery. China's oldest city site of about 200,000 square meters was discovered here. As a city, Jinan has a history of more than 4,000 years.

Dozens of Neolithic sites have been discovered in the Jinan area. As early as the early Neolithic Age, eight or nine thousand years ago, there were traces of human activities in the Jinan area.

After Qin Shihuang unified the world, he established a system of prefectures and counties. In the early Han Dynasty, Jinan County was established. This was the beginning of the emergence of the name "Jinan".

During the Sui and Tang Dynasties, Buddhism flourished in Jinan, leaving behind many Buddhist monuments. The main remains include the four-door pagoda of Liubu in Licheng, the statues of Qianfoya Grottoes, the Dragon and Tiger Pagoda, the Jiuding Pagoda, as well as the grotto statues of Qianfo Mountain, Qingtong Mountain, Yuhan Mountain, Longdong and other places.

After the founding of the Song Dynasty, Jinan showed a scene of peace and prosperity. The famous poet Huang Tingjian once praised Jinan's lakes and mountains with the poem "Jinan is as chic as the south of the Yangtze River". At the turn of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties, "Er'an" in Jinan successively became famous in the literary world: the female poet Li Qingzhao, whose lyrics are sincere and profound, is known as the sect of the "Graceful School", and the poet Xin Qiji of the "Bold School" is not only a lifelong poet A national hero who was committed to national reunification and a prolific writer, he was known as "Su Xin" together with Su Shi.

During the Ming and Qing dynasties, Jinan's cultural undertakings were quite developed, and a number of famous scholars emerged at the historic moment. The "First Seventh Son" Bian Gong and the "Later Seventh Son" Li Panlong were all well-known in the literary world.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China, the Shandong Provincial People's Congress, the Shandong Provincial People's Government, the Shandong Provincial Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, the Jinan Military Region and the Shandong Provincial Military Region agencies all established Based in Jinan, Jinan continues to maintain its position as the political center of Shandong Province.

3. Jinan Cultural Group

Jinan is home to the Seventy-Two Famous Springs and the Longshan Chengziya Cultural Site. It also enjoys the reputation of "Jinan has many celebrities" and has attracted many cultural celebrities over the years. It is customary to say that Jinan's culture consists of three major series, namely spring culture, Longshan culture and celebrity culture.

Shun cultivated in Mount Li, which is the real name of Qianfo Mountain. On the bank of Baotu Spring, there was the Temple of Emperor E and Nv Ying (two wives of Shun) built about 2,000 years ago. The stream flowing out of Baotu Spring was recorded in the famous geographical work "Shui Jing Zhu" of the Northern Wei Dynasty and was named 'E Ying'. river'. Jinan’s “spring culture” originated from this.

Da Shun's age is equivalent to the late Neolithic Age, which was the Longshan Culture era 4,000 years ago. Dashun was an expert in making pottery, and the site of his production activities coincided with the Longshan Cultural Site marked by black pottery. consistent.

Shun liked to play the piano and sing. The "Book of Books" recorded many of his opinions on poetry and music. His "Shao Music" also moved Confucius to "not know the taste of meat in three months." From this we can It can be seen that Dashun is a typical example of Confucian culture, and Confucianism is the representative of Qilu culture after the Spring and Autumn Period. It has cohesion and appeal to cultural celebrities, so it is logical that there are many famous people in Jinan.

4. Wulongtan

In the past, Wulongtan was located in the courtyard facing south at the north end of Jiangjiachi Street. In the early years, it was the former residence of Qin Qiong (Qin Shubao), the founding general of the Tang Dynasty. Now it has been expanded into Wulongtan Park.

At that time, people called Wulongtan "Laoniu Bay", which was a large natural inlet. Surrounded by a naturally formed earth bank, there are some weeping willow trees. The water in Laoniu Bay has always been dark and cannot be seen to the bottom. People at that time said that there was an "eye of the sea" at the bottom of the bay that led directly to the sea. There was a "treasure altar" in the eye of the sea, and there were five dragons guarding it outside the altar. Therefore, it is said that "there is a Five Dragons Altar in Laoniuwan", so it was called "Five Dragons Pool (Altar)". This was a folklore at that time.

There is also a story about listening to that An old man from that time told: There used to be a treasure hunter from the south who determined that there was a treasure under Laoniu Bay (the Five Dragon Altar) and planned to steal it. In order to find someone to help him, he would often do laundry for a man who lived by the bay. After a while, he made a request and the washerwoman agreed. Then late one night, they came to the end of a ball of red string prepared by the treasure thief. Tie it around your waist, hand the ball of thread to the washerwoman, and tell her: “No matter how much the water in the bay changes, never throw away the thread. "The treasure thief immediately jumped into the bay, and the washerwoman lowered the rope. When the rope was almost exhausted, the water in the bay suddenly rose and started churning up and down like a boiling pot (this was the fight between the treasure thief and the five dragons). Just when the water was about to wash ashore, the washerwoman forgot the treasure thief's instructions, threw away the rope and ran home. After that, the water in the bay returned to calm, and the treasure thief never surfaced again.

When I went to Laoniuwan in the past, I could still see the "Jiangjia Pool" on the east side of Menwai Road. It was a square clear water spring pool with an area of ??about 40 square meters. The northern end of the spring pool was located at the then Huiquan Tower. Under the window of the hotel, against the back wall of the private house in the east, and facing the street in the west and south, there is a half-circle of low stone walls for people to watch. The spring water in the pool is clear, with few aquatic plants, and there are some live carps of similar sizes swimming there, which are said to be "some." "Release the fish".

On the west side of the road opposite Jiangjiachi is "Liquan", which is in the yard of a pickle shop. The shop was named "Liquanju" because of the spring, and it is a century-old shop. Sauce Garden There is a hall at the door, with an aisle in the middle, and counters on both sides. Across the door is a small courtyard, and next to the courtyard is a deep spring with many large carps, some of which are more than one meter long. , green in color and slow in movement, it is said to be a century-old fish and has become a major wonder in Jinan Prefecture.

5. Honglou Catholic Cathedral

Honglou Catholic Cathedral is built. Designed by the Austrian monk Pang Huixiang, construction started in 1901 and completed in 1904. In 1906, the Honglou Catholic Church was expanded into a Gothic building. The expanded church covered an area of ??1,625 square meters and could accommodate a thousand people for mass. It was very spectacular. It is the largest church in North China.

The church is tall and majestic, with a Latin cross shape in plan and a typical Gothic architectural style. The church faces east and west, with two sides. There are two stone square bell towers, and the two bell towers are sandwiched between the gables of the central church hall. The towers are covered with slender spiers and narrow windows, which increase the height of the hall gables. There are densely packed windows on the top, and the flame doors on the ground floor are covered with vivid statues. Everything is full of upward momentum. The church hall is very tall and long, and it is full of mysterious religious atmosphere.

Hongjialou Catholic Church is a typical Gothic building with reasonable building structure, extremely high construction quality and exquisite details. The whole building gives people a sense of momentum, meticulous carving and magnificence, which is also sufficient It shows that China’s excellent traditional culture, traditional technology, and traditional craftsmanship can build any building with complex structure and fine craftsmanship.

Although Hongjialou Catholic Church is a relatively purely Western building, the influence of Chinese tradition can still be seen in some details. The roof of the main hall of the church is covered with traditional Chinese small black tiles. In addition, there are two stone dragon heads carved on the upper stone walls on both sides of the central door of the church. The dragon's mouth is wide open and its eyes are wide open. The carving is vivid and exaggerated, which obviously draws on traditional Chinese folk culture.

6. The Lost Old Jinan Railway Station

A city that loses its memory will lose its charm. Similarly, a station that loses its history will also lose its context. Carrying and retaining, saving and transcending, tracing and witnessing... the future context of the station is actually preserved in the memory of the station.

Jinan Old Railway Station was designed and built by the famous German architect Hermann Fischer at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. It is a typical German-style station building. The tall bell tower stretching into the blue sky reflects the religious concepts of the European Middle Ages, but the designers changed the spire connected with the God of their belief into a Roman-style dome, and decorated the walls under the dome. Four large round clocks are used to replace the church bells that can only be heard by hearing, which not only adds visual appreciation but also provides convenience for tourists.

The long spiral windows on the facade of the clock tower, the large arched windows above the lintel of the ticket hall, the triangles under the eaves of the roof tiles, and the small semicircular skylights staggered up and down, etc., not only add to the building's It not only enhances the beauty of curves, but also increases the brightness of the room. The jagged square granite stones at the corners, the high pedestal steps outside the door, the dark green pines and cypresses planted in front of the windows, and the brown fence all make this old Western-style station, which is neither too big nor too small, both exquisite and translucent, yet also heavy. Solid permanence.

This unique train station was widely praised by architects and people at home and abroad as soon as it was completed, and became the most famous in the Far East. Many foreigners, including foreigners, first got to know the old train. Only when I got to know Jinan did I get to know Jinan, and only when I remembered the old train station did I remember Jinan.

In 1989, senior officials, experts and scholars started a fierce debate on the issue of whether to retain the old Jinan Railway Station and renovate it, or to completely tear it down and start a new one. The plan was finalized in March 1992. At 8:05 on July 1 of that year, the precise mechanical clock on the clock tower of the old station stopped rotating forever. The old station, which had accompanied Jinan people for 80 years, withdrew from the stage of history.

The old Jinan Railway Station, which has been used for hundreds of years since Jinan opened as a port, has now lost all its glory.

8. Straw Bun Shop

The mention of Straw Bun Shop will evoke the deep nostalgia of many old Jinan people, because the Straw Bun Shop is "native" to Jinan and is still preserved today. The relatively complete time-honored brand in its original location has a history of nearly a hundred years.

Grass buns have always had a good reputation among Jinan diners, but few people know its history.

The "bastard" has a surname of Zhang and a given name of Wenhan, a native of Luokou Town. When he was a child, he entered Luokou Ji Zhenyuan Restaurant and became a disciple of the famous chef Li An. He has a simple and honest nature, and spends all day making fires, selecting vegetables, and doing chores without making a sound, so he is known as "that straw bag" among his brothers. In 1937, after the Marco Polo Bridge Incident, the "idiot" family fled from Luokou into Jinan City. In order to support his family, with the support of friends, he opened a steamed bun shop in the west of the southern section of Taipingsi Street in Ximen. Later, it moved to the entrance of Ranjia Alley on Puli Street, where it is now located, and used "straw bun" as its trade name. The straw buns are not only beautiful in appearance and mouth-watering, but also taste rich in soup and delicate in texture. Coupled with Lao Zhang's sincerity in treating people, the "straw bun" bun shop soon became famous in Jinan Prefecture. Soon, the War of Liberation started. During the Battle of Jinan in September 1948, the Kuomintang dispatched planes to bomb the city indiscriminately. Unfortunately, a food store next door was hit by a bomb. The tall gable fell and then smashed into the bun shop. Zhang Wenhan He was pressed under the wall on the spot and never woke up. His pregnant wife and unborn fetus survived the accident, and the straw bun shop was also facing an unprecedented disaster. After the public-private partnership in 1956, the Baozi Shop was incorporated into the Jinan Catering Company. The store was renovated and employees were added, and the business gradually improved.

Since its establishment, the Straw Bun Shop has experienced the baptism of war, the replacement of old and new societies, and political changes, witnessing the ups and downs of Jinan in the past century.

I sincerely hope that the time-honored brand "Grass Bun" Baozi can rejuvenate with youthful vitality and take every step forward.

Jinan, this ancient city that has inherited four thousand years of civilization, has gone through the vicissitudes of history and the baptism of war, leaving precious tourism value to future generations. Let us indulge in the unique and simple atmosphere of Jinan. The thousand-year-old Furong Street shows the historical context of Jinan, from ancient city streets and lanes, traditional houses, cultural relics and historic sites, to spring water landscape, food culture, historical celebrities, and Folk literature, art and traditional crafts, here embodies so much of the historical essence of Jinan. Walking through the streets and alleys of Jinan, you will see many Western-style buildings with different scenery, a considerable number of which are various church buildings, distributed in every corner of the city. The church is not simply a place for religious activities, but also a carrier of culture. These cultural deposits and historical accumulation allow us to see the scenery beyond the springs of Jinan. It is precisely because of them that Jinan can be called a famous historical and cultural city, and more people can experience Jinan’s unique tourism. Culture, they not only bear witness to Jinan’s past, but also influence Jinan’s future.

However, with the continuous development and prosperity of urban areas, these once prosperous buildings will inevitably face new developments. How to make them conform to modern people’s appreciation concepts while retaining their ancient characteristics is a question. This is a challenging task, taking the Furong Street Historic District as an example: First, the amount of work is too large and difficult to operate; the planned protection and control area of ??the Furong Street Historic District is 46.81 hectares, which ranges from Quancheng Road in the south to Minghu Road in the north. It starts from County West Lane in the east and ends at Gongyuan Qianggen Street and Shengfuqian Street in the west. Its center is Furong Street, Wangfu Pond, Qushui Pavilion and Baihuazhou. Second, the investment can easily cost billions, and government investment alone is far from enough. Third, if you are not careful, it will cause developmental damage and the losses will be irreparable. Furong Street Historic District has backward sewage treatment methods, and there are no parking lots around it. Quancheng Road is also a pedestrian-oriented road, which makes it difficult to absorb the large flow of people and vehicles for the time being. In the future, the maintenance of the neighborhood and the protection of household interests are also issues that need to be seriously resolved. .

Through the above discussion, we can see that while history has left us with precious historical tourism resources, it has also left us with many problems that need to be thoroughly solved. We are not only required to learn to develop and utilize rationally, but we must also cherish and protect them, use scientific solutions, and take reasonable measures to leave our history for our descendants.

Qianfo Mountain, Baotu Spring, and Daming Lake are not the only representatives of Jinan’s tourism industry. If one day Qianfo Mountain becomes a luxury villa area, Baotu Spring becomes a puddle that stops spraying, and Daming Lake becomes a pool of stagnant water , so what else does Jinan’s tourism industry have? Therefore, we should continue to develop new tourist attractions and resources while grasping the old things.

I hope that one day, when Jinan people introduce their city to the world, they will not only talk about Qianfo Mountain, Baotu Spring, and Daming Lake, but also proudly mention: "A thousand-year Furong Street, a hundred-year flood Tower Cathedral".