Yuan Haowen asked the specific content of Ling Jin's homesickness poems.

I have heard many poems called Jinling nostalgia, but Yuan Haowen has never heard of them. Maybe I am ignorant. _ I'll give you some poems by Yuan Haowen and his life, as well as a poem called "Jinling Nostalgia". I hope it helps you.

Yuan Haowen, whose name is Yishan, is called Mr. Yishan all over the world. Taiyuan Xiurong (now Xinzhou City, Shanxi Province) is a native of Han Yan Village. Born on the eighth day of July in the first year of Ming Chang in Jin Zhangzong (1 190), he died on the fourth day of September in the seventh year of Zongmengge in Yuan Xian (1257). His tomb is located in the northwest of Hanyan Village, five kilometers south of Xinzhou. He was the most accomplished writer and historian of Jin Dynasty in China more than 700 years ago, the main representative of northern literature during the confrontation between Song and Jin Dynasties, and the bridge between Jin and Yuan Dynasties in literature. He is the author of the Complete Works of Mr. Yuan Yishan, and the collection of Ci Poems "Yuefu on a Mountain".

biography

Yuan Haowen was born in an official family and has a scholarly family for generations. His ancestors used to be Tuoba of Xianbei royal family in Northern Wei Dynasty. According to legend, his ancestors were the sons of Emperor Tuoba Tao of the Northern Wei Dynasty (one was Tuoba Han, king of Qin, and the other was Tuoba Yu, king of Nan 'an). Later, Emperor Xiaowen of the Northern Wei Dynasty moved the capital from Pingcheng (now Datong) to Luoyang, and changed his surname to Yuan in the reform of localization of Emperor Xiaowen. After the split of the Northern Wei Dynasty, the household registration fell to Ruzhou (now Linru County, Henan Province). After the Five Dynasties, he moved from Henan to Pingding Prefecture (now Pingding County, Shanxi Province). Yuan Yi, his great-great grandfather, was the official ambassador of SHEN WOO (Tiger) in Xinzhou during the Xuanhe period of Hui Zong in the last year of the North (119-1225). Great-grandfather Yuan Chun (Zuo Chunren) was appointed as Yong Lian's ambassador of Xizhou (today's Xi County, Shanxi Province) in the Northern Song Dynasty, and moved from Pingding to Xinzhou, so he became a Xinzhou native. My grandfather Yuan Zishan worked as a teacher in Roufu (near Tuoketuo, Tumd Right Banner, Inner Mongolia) in Wang Zhenglong for two years (1 157). Father Yuan Deming failed in the imperial examination many times, taking teaching rural studies as his career, and entertaining himself with poetry and wine at ordinary times, and writing Dong Yan Ji.

Seven months after Yuan Haowen was born, he adopted his second uncle, Ge Yuan, who was a county magistrate (Yuan Haowen later called him Longcheng Fujun).

Yuan Haowen lived in an era when the Jin and Yuan Dynasties rose and fell, and the Jin Dynasty was destroyed by Mongolia, which was originally a metal country. After its rise, it conquered all directions and destroyed the state of Jin. In such a turbulent social environment, Yuan Haowen also experienced the pain of national destruction and displacement. Generally speaking, his life can be divided into several stages: before 2 1 year-old, he lived a comfortable life as a student and a playboy. In the past 20 years, he followed his stepfather Ge Yuan to the county magistrate posts in Shandong, Hebei, Shaanxi and Gansu. On the one hand, he received a good education and showed his literary talent very early. At the age of eight, he gained the reputation of "prodigy" for his poetry. Although I didn't get the title of senior three when I took the imperial examination for the first time, I made great progress in my knowledge because I met many celebrities and laid a solid foundation for writing poems. Wang Zhongli of Taiyuan (word Tomson), Tu Luduo of Hanlin (word Xuanshu) and Hao Tianting of the famous Confucian (word Jin Qing) all contributed to Yuan Haowen. On the other hand, Yuan Haowen developed the bad habit of drinking because of the abundance of material life and the frustration in the examination room. From the age of 22 to 35, Yuan Haowen was frustrated many times, suffered from war and family destruction, fled from Shanxi to Henan, and gradually settled in western Henan. During this period, he tasted the pain and hardship of life. However, by taking the exam in the capital of song dynasty, he was able to establish a good relationship with famous human rights figures in China, such as Zhao Bingwen, Yang, Li Yan and so on. He is not only knowledgeable, but also made great progress in poetry, which also laid an important foundation for his future career promotion. From the time he was elected to the Imperial Academy at the age of 35 to the second year when Jin Aizong Yan Yan kept Xu Tianxing (1233), Bianjing City was captured by Mongolian soldiers, which was the period when his career finally ended. During this period, because he was dissatisfied with the cold official life of the history museum, he quickly resigned and returned to his hometown in Dengfeng, western Henan. Later, he was recommended as the magistrate of Zhenping, Neixiang and Wan County, and later transferred to the central government as the magistrate of Shangshu Province, and moved to Bianjing, where he lived a nightmare life such as the siege of Mongolia, the rebellion of Cui Li, the collapse of Bianjing City, hunger and cold, blood and tears, and where to go. In the second year of Tianxing (1233), he was captured by Mongolian soldiers and taken to Liaocheng for house arrest. In August of the 10th year of Yuan Taizong's Wokuotai (1238), he ended his life at the age of 49. As a prisoner, he moved between Liaocheng and Guanshi in Shandong with his family, and gradually got in touch with Zhao Tianxi, the leader of Mongolian Han army, and lived. During this period, he was saddened by the downfall of the State of Jin and the traitors' mistakes in the country, and in order to preserve history with poetry, he tirelessly edited the Collection of Poems of the Late Monarch and Minister of the State of Jin-Zhongzhou Collection. In the name of "Zhongzhou" collection, it implies the deep meaning of remembering the old country and taking gold as orthodoxy. From the autumn of the 11th year of Wokuotai (1239), when he returned to his hometown of Xinzhou at the age of 50, to the fourth day of September in the 7th year of Mengge (1257), when he died at the age of 68, it was the period when his adherents failed to become officials and sought relevant information for compiling the History of Jin. During this period, he made more friends and wrote more poems and articles, and his attitude towards Mongolia gradually changed.

Yuan Haowen is a talented and versatile writer. Regarding all literary forms at that time, except Jin and other traditional operas, such as poems, words, songs, songs, fu, novels, traditional theories, notes, expressions, sparse, tablets, inscriptions, songs, records, preface, quotations, ode, books, words and so on, he did not find any evidence or record legends.

The main features of Yuan Haowen's works are true content, sincere feelings and beautiful language. His contemporaries and descendants spoke highly of his poems. His friend Xu Shilong said: "As a poem, everyone has considerable statutes, and the essence of style is a change. Li and Du, the ancestors of Daguai's landscape poems, have profound statutes and are bold and unconstrained. Literati, such as Korea and Europe, are fair and clear, full of wonders and obscure words; Yuefu is fresh and frustrated, carefree and bright, and the system is the most prepared. It is also possible to change the vulgarity into elegance, so that the predecessors will not pass it on, and Dongpo and Jiaxuan will not smell it. " His other friend Ye Li even praised him as "the back of Li Er (Li Bai and Li Yong)". Comment on Yuan Haowen's Collection of Yishan, the General Catalogue of Si Ku Quan Shu: "A good questioner is a scholar, and the Jin and Yuan dynasties are as tall as a big piece. The collection of Zhongzhou written by him is intended to preserve history with poetry, but it is not enough. Do it yourself, with profound image and high style. There is no habit of crossing the rivers and lakes in the Southern Song Dynasty, and there is no mistake in Jiangxi's rude deduction. When it comes to ancient prose, the rope is tight, everyone is prepared, and the inscription is particularly powerful. "

Yuan Haowen is also a brilliant literary theorist, including Three Poems, Thirty Poems, Langzhong Paper with Zhang Zhongjie, and Postscript of School Series. , brilliantly commented on the gains and losses of ancient poets' poetry school. He also advocated "sincerity" and "emotion" in writing poetry, and put forward many technical principles in writing, such as opposing blunt and obscure allusions and "accumulating strength for a long time" in learning, which are the crystallization of his decades of personal practice and have practical guiding significance.

Yuan Haowen is a central and local official, conscientious and concerned about the rise and fall of the country and the sufferings of people's livelihood, so his political prestige is very high. When he recalled zhenping county's order, it was the Lantern Festival, and the people, old and young, were reluctant to part with him and raised their glasses to say goodbye. When Neixiang County took office, it was in exile and the border was peaceful. Therefore, when he ousted his mother for three years according to traditional etiquette, he was praised by "officials and people": "Yuan Hao asked Lao Fu to be in exile, conforming to history and not being a poet." When he was appointed as the magistrate of Nanyang County, he won a three-year tax reduction for the local people, developed production, and gave the people hope to recuperate. Therefore, Henan local chronicles said that he "knows Nanyang County and is especially good at governance". "Nanyang County Records" records: "Nanyang County has more than 100,000 soldiers and civilians. (Yuan Haowen) Shuai Fu ordered the town governor, which is very powerful."

Yuan Haowen witnessed the decline of the Jin Dynasty and the whole process of Mongolia's elimination of gold, and he has been in politics for many years. He has a strong sense of social responsibility of worrying about the country and the people, which makes him always pay attention to the fate of Jin State and the preservation of historical sites. On the eve of Jin Ru's downfall, he suggested to politicians to write a history of Jin Dynasty in Jurchen fine print, but failed to do so, so he privately compiled Miscellanies of Renchen. After Jin's death, he was determined to compile a history of Jin with his own strength and paid a heavy price for it, with the patriotic belief that "the national history must die". He refused to be an official in Mongolia to show his believer status and loyalty to the motherland. However, in order to write the history of gold, I had to deal with middle and upper-level officials who went to Mongolia to get their assistance and necessary information. Because of this, many people don't understand him, "vilify him, laugh at her and insult her, insult her children and grandchildren." In order to fulfill his ambition of compiling the Golden History, Yuan Haowen endured humiliation for more than 20 years until his death. In order to compile the Golden History, he built a "unofficial history Pavilion" in his yard as a place for storing relevant materials and editing. After years of running around, he accumulated millions of words of information about the last words of rulers and ministers, which was later called "Records of Words and Actions of Rulers and Ministers in Jin and Yuan Dynasties". With the aim of "preserving history with poetry", the collection of Zhongzhou was edited. This is a collection of poems in the Jin Dynasty, including not only the poets who died or were not in Mongolia in the 2 1 16 Jin Dynasty, but also the two emperors and ministers in the Jin Dynasty, and even ordinary people in cloth (including 200 1 poems and15 poems). Wenzhuan was written on this basis, and the later Book of the Whole Jin was naturally supplemented on this basis. At the same time, The Story of Zhongzhou also provides rich materials for the history of the Jin Dynasty. Unfortunately, just when he confidently said that it only took him three months to consult and copy the relevant contents in the Book of the Golden History, he could start writing the book of the Golden History, but one of his friends got in the way and failed to see the record of the Book of the Golden History in Zhang Rou, a Mongolian household and leader of the Han army, which made him regret it. Although Yuan Haowen failed to realize his wish to compile the Golden History before his death, the materials he collected provided a lot of first-hand materials for compiling the Song, Liao and Jin history of the Yuan Dynasty and even the Yuan history of the Ming Dynasty, especially laid the foundation for compiling the Golden History. Yuan Haowen respected historical facts, was unconventional and straightforward, so later scholars agreed that Jin Shi was closely related to Yuan Haowen, and The General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu was called "many books he wrote". Yuan Haowen's practice of revising the history of national subjugation was also imitated by later generations. For example, Wan Sitong, an old man in the Ming Dynasty, refused the recruitment of the learned and macro-word department of the Qing government, resolutely refused the official title of compiling seven kinds of salaries given by the Qing government, and participated in the compilation of Ming history as a "cloth". In the third year of the Republic of China (19 14), the Qing History Museum was established, and many Qing history veterans participated in the compilation of the Qing History Draft to report their old friends.

Yuan Haowen attaches great importance to protecting talents and likes to reward those who are behind. In April of the second year of Jin Aizong (1233), Mongolian soldiers invaded Bianjing. Yuan Haowen recommended 54 scholars from the Central Plains, including Wang E, Gao Ming, Li Zhi, Liu Qi, Du, Zhang Zhongjing and Ye Luchu, then secretary-general of Mongolia. However, he educated or instructed many famous literary artists, such as Hao Jing, Wang Yun, Xu Yuan, Wang Silian, Meng Qi, Hao Jixian and Yan Fu. In particular, his story of protecting and educating Bai Pu has always been a much-told story in the literary world. The reason why Bai Pu later became one of the four masters of Yuan Qu, Wang Bowen, who prefaced Bai Pu's "The Collection of Teana", believed that this was inseparable from Yuan Haowen's teaching: "Who is the famous Yuefu after staying in the mountain? The residual paste remains fragrant and turns evil, which is also seen in Tai Su's (Baipu Ci). However, the person who inherited this mountain does not belong to Tai Su, but belongs to Xi! "

Yuan Haowen's attitude towards Mongolia experienced a process of contradictory changes. He was saddened by the destruction of the State of Jin by Mongolia, and held a grudge against Cui Li, the commander-in-chief on the west side of Bianjing in the second year of Aizong Tianxing (1233), who surrendered to Mongolia and betrayed the concubines of the rulers. However, it did not completely deny the surrender to Cui Li, and objectively saved millions of people in Bianjing from the disaster of death. Therefore, he was forced to participate in the important political event of erecting a meritorious monument for Cui Li, which was also an important excuse for him to be ridiculed by others. At the turn of Jin and Yuan Dynasties, Yuan Haowen's thought was very painful and contradictory. On the one hand, he was saddened by the corruption and chaos of the rulers, hoping for a new situation of getting rid of the old cloth. Seeing that the ruler was doomed by Mongolia, he recommended 54 books on evolution of the ruler to Mongolia, a "reform dynasty". He can forgive those former ministers of Jin who surrendered to Mongolia, such as Yeluchucai, Zhang Sang, Yan Zhang and Zhao Tianxi, as long as they did something good to alleviate the suffering of the people of Jin. He has lived in Mongolia for twenty-four or five years. Through years of observation, his views on Mongolia have gradually changed. He expressed his appreciation for the Central Plains Han people who went to Mongolia as officials, such as Zhang Rou and Yan Zhang, and thought that they could promote culture and education and stabilize people's lives. In particular, I am very grateful to the wise Mongolian king Kublai Khan for attaching importance to Confucianism, developing schools and implementing policies that are more conducive to economic and cultural development; I especially admire Kublai Khan's defeat of local forces in Yunnan, the abolition of semi-independence and the restoration of the great achievements of the old Xinjiang in the Han and Tang Dynasties, and sing praises for him. So he gradually regarded the Mongolian government as an orthodox and legitimate government that he was proud of, just like the Han and Tang Dynasties. In his seven-character poem "Liu Shiju Restrains Yunnan", he directly called Mongolia a "Han family": "The mountains in Yunnan are high, and the Han family breaks the wall. Kyushu is more Kyushu than Kyushu, and the sea color reflects the South Pole. " Gradually, Yuan Haowen also regarded himself as a Mongolian subject, and the opposing feelings gradually disappeared. It is on this premise that in the spring and summer of the second year of Yuan Xianzong (1252), Yuan Haowen, although 63 years old, went north to see Kublai Khan with his good friend Zhang Dehui and asked him to be a master of Confucianism, which Kublai Khan accepted gladly. They also proposed to exempt Confucian soldiers from paying taxes, and Kublai Khan agreed.

Yuan Haowen is versatile. In addition to being good at poetry and politics, he is also quite accomplished in calendar calculation, medicine, calligraphy and painting appreciation, calligraphy, Buddhism and Taoism. His friends are all over the world, including famous ministers, nobles and princes, as well as ordinary painters, hermits, doctors, monks, scholars and farmers. According to some studies, 50 people have written evidence.

Yuan was inquisitive, knowledgeable, and rich in writings. After the introduction, he was honest and upright as an official, especially in the literary world of Jin and Yuan Dynasties. Even in the Ming and Qing dynasties, there were few people who could compare with him. He was honored as a "master of the generation" and "master of the generation" by students, teachers and friends. It is believed that there are more than 380 poems 1380, more than 380 words, 6 Sanqu, more than 250 essays, 202 novels in 4 volumes, Zhong Zhou Ji 10, and Tang Poetry Xuan Dao 10. In addition, there are many lost works: Golden Rooster, Dongpo Poetry, Du Shi Lun, Poetry and Self-policing, Miscellaneous Compilation of People and Ministers, Records of Jin Dynasty's Words and Actions, Nanguan Record, Ji Jianfang, Gu and so on.

Yuan Haowen has four sons and five daughters. The eldest son, the word uncle, the official to Yuan is Ruzhou; The second son Yuan Zhen, the word Shu Kai, Taiyuan Daofu; Three sons in charge, uncle word in the province. Another son, nicknamed Asin, died young. Yan Yuan, the second middle school girl, became a female Taoist.

Yuan Haowen's Poems (Jin)

Touch the fish

Ask the world what love is and teach life and death.

Flying in all directions, the old wings have been hot and cold several times.

Happiness is happy, but parting is painful. There are even more stupid children in it.

You should say something. Wan Liyun, Qian Shan at dusk, just for whom.

Cross Fen Road, take care when you are lonely. The smoke is still flat.

What's the point of evocation? Shan Gui wept for the wind and rain.

The sky is also jealous. If you don't believe in peace, birds and swallows are all loess.

The times will last forever. In order to leave it to the poet, I sang and drank and visited Qiu Yan.

Touch the fish

Ask lotus root, how many silk lotus roots know who they are suffering for.

Two flowers are charming opposites, just children of the old family.

I have promised, so I won't teach, and I will live and die together. The sunset is speechless.

In the smoke of thanking the guests, Fei Xianghe was not heartbroken.

Sweet dreams. Fortunately, Ganoderma lucidum. The world is pitching today and tomorrow.

The seas run dry and the rocks crumble, so you wish you could bury the loess.

Acacia, fleeting, was mistakenly by the west wind for no reason. Blue boat lives less.

I'm afraid to mention wine again, and my red skirt is half hanging and I'm lying in the wind and rain.

Yulan Manyou Santai

Zhang Zhangdong shed, endless, ancient and modern feelings.

I still remember the three mountains on the sea, the double gaps in the clouds, and the South City that day.

Yellow stars. A few years later, chun yin was pale and green with weeds.

The ice well is still full of stones, and the exposed plate has lost its golden stem.

Romantic short songs, generous, lack of kettle sound.

I want to drink wine and river water and write poems on the pommel horse.

Fall down. RoyceWong, hometown like flying south, black magpie midnight.

Laughing and killing Xifuke, Zhuang Huai has no life.

In the besieged city, Huaixi River has a career.

Xijiang returns to the road. Admire in the southwest, cast a high bird in the forest.

When you are promoted slightly, the world is tired and bitter.

Not in the unicorn painting, not in tune with the bird's nest.

Laugh at yourself. In name only, I have been shouting all my life.

Disturb the clues, be ruthless by the years, fade away from youth.

Zhong Dingshan Forest, how long has it been?

The autumn insects on the four walls whisper at night, and there is more residual light slanting.

The mirror is clear. How much white hair has been added.

Zhou Shi slowly went to the Zhao Shi Museum and said goodbye to De Zhang Xin in Yueci Xindian. I'll send it here tomorrow.

Percussion, pommel horse poetry, young and heroic.

Judging from the ups and downs of the canal society, it is simply a waste of jokes.

I have always lived in RoyceWong, but now I am listless and climb stairs. I believe that beauty is not my land.

Heaven and earth Qi Fei, but so beautiful.

Travel. When elders meet in the mountains, they should remember the good and bad of this trip.

It's a pseudonym, but it's a mistake for the owner.

A long way, rustling in the temple, riding casually, talking to pedestrians.

When the poem is about to be completed, the western hills are full of wind and rain.

Linjiang County wrote the road from Luoyang to Jin Meng.

In ancient times, Huang Chen was always a hero when he went down the mountain.

When people grow up, they hate water growing eastward. Who are you pregnant with * * * language, far away to see the return of Hong.

The fame in the world will be used in the end. I used to complain about others.

Haug is a wine song for thousands of minutes. Men's business is not talking about poverty.

Quail day

Huabiao returned to old Ling Wei and left his scalp in his name.

It used to be a trip, but today it's a whiteboard.

Selling wine, fishing in Los Angeles, and loving leisure are really at peace with the world.

Don't sign the western language at the tomb. Yuan is a cloth in the Central Plains.

Serenade of peace and joy/lyrics of peace, tranquility and joy

From the intestine, thin and shallow makeup marks.

Flying around, bilingual swallows fly, and the news knows that Lang is near.

Whispering in front of the building, the curtain of begonia is light and cold.

With the sound of spring in Du Yu, there are countless green hills on the trees.

On Thirty Poems

(Ding Chou's Three Rural Works)

China's ballad "Wei Shi Jiu" has different opinions, but no one has discussed it in detail.

Who is the chisel hand in the poem? For the time being, let's teach you to be quiet and clear.

Cao Liu roars in the wind, and there are no two males in the four seas.

Unfortunately, Liu Yueshi did not teach in Zhi Heng Jian 'an Middle School.

Jin has a lot of love, but he still lacks pot songs.

If Fengyun hates Zhang Huashao, what about Wen Li's new voice?

When Zhong Rong commented on Zhang Hua, he hated his affection for his children and his unfamiliarity. )

Tao Yuanming's language is plain, natural and natural, abandoning the applied fiber, revealing the true beauty of simplicity and making reading always new.

Tao Yuanming himself is an ancient man, but that doesn't prevent him from still being a A Jin dynasty man.

(Liu Zihou and Xie Lingyun of the Jin Dynasty; Tao Yuanming, Bai Letian in Tang Dynasty. )

What can be poured into a flat bottom?

Who wins if Lao Ruan is not crazy? He smiled when he went out.

Heart painting is always distorted, and the article is still regarded as a person.

Lofty feelings, eternal leisure happiness, strive for the trust of Anren, and respect the dust!

Generous songs are never passed on, but a song in the vault is natural.

Zhongzhou is heroic through the ages, and also went to Yinshan Chilechuan.

Shen Song traversed the field of calligraphy, and Qi Liang did not fail at the beginning of romance.

On merit, if you are equal to Wu, you are proud of gold.

It's a waste of time to boast about the concept, but Lu Wen still hates being redundant with Pan.

As long as the heart communicates, it is difficult to turn over.

(Liu Wu and Pan Jing, see Shi Shuo)

Parallelism is a special way, the fence is so small.

Shaoling has its own honesty, and it is known to fight for it.

(See Yuan Zhen's Epitaph of Zi Mei)

Sneaking around is always untrue.

How many people come to Chang 'an to draw a picture of Qinchuan?

The king's longing for love is crying in the cuckoo, and the beautiful women are full of color and resentment for the China New Year.

Poets always love Quincy, but hate that no one writes about Jian Zheng.

There is a smooth road through the ages, and who is like Yuchuanlu?

Real books don't enter the eyes of today, teach children to draw ghost symbols.

Where is the source? How can a mountain forest buy cheap clothes?

Hua Xin with heavy investment, but was bent in the eye.

At the bottom of the pen, the milky way fell for nine days, and it never languished in front of the mountain.

In the world, treating Lu Lian is a waste of scholars.

Cherish the eternal love of autumn insects, Shan Gui burst into tears in front of the lamp.

The spring scenery of Jianhu Lake is so deserted that the peach blossoms on the shore are full of waves.

Cut the sound of floating, smart and deep, why bother to study the bitter fruit!

Langweng Shuile has no palace sign, and it is naturally the voice of clouds and mountains.

(water music, two mountain things. His "Ai Nai Qu" says: "Stop to listen to the music, like the sound of few voices in Yunshan")

Dongye is worried to death, and Gao Tianhou is a poet.

Jiangshan's eternal Chaoyang Pen is located in Longyuan Bai Chi Building.

You have been in the stream for a long time, but how can you be lonely and angry for a hundred years?

No one said how much Chuncao would win and how much the school would lose.

(Tian Suizi's poem: "There are not many grasses in Nanrong, and there are new seedlings. Young children don't know famous products, and they are afraid to compete with Chuncao to win or lose. " )

Xie Kefeng reflects ancient and modern times. Who originated as deep as Liuzhou?

Zhu Xian's lingering sound is still there, but it is the lonely heart of that year.

Sorry, we are still dead, and there is no reward for singing.

There are lingyun pens vertically and horizontally, and it is pitiful to bow down to others.

Strange things are even more surprising and need to be moved in waves.

I only know that Poetry has gone to Su Huang, but who is it?

Is it appropriate for Qu Xue's fickle novels to bully the weak and fear the hard, and is it appropriate for poetry to curse harmoniously?

Nowadays, people laugh at the ancients and know nothing but pleasantries.

Affectionate peony contains spring tears, weak rose lies in the late branches.

From the words of retreating rocks, I know that the canal is a girl's poem.

After the troubled times, I lost my ancient foundation and read flowers and poems, only sadness.

Liu Lang is also a guest, complaining to Dongfeng in vain.

Jin people never tire of furnace, but they are well exposed to dust.

Sumen's state-owned loyal ministers have new poems.

After experiencing the centuries-old antique, Yuan You people came for the second time.

Others say they are afraid to learn from Jinling. Why do they waste Europe and America?

It's hard to be beautiful and close to my son, but it's pure and completely lost.

On Shi Ning's going to worship in Fuweng, not a member of Jiangxi society.

Spring grass in pond, Xie Jiachun, is a new word.

Pass the message behind closed doors, Chen Zhengzi, pathetic and useless!

The tree shakes the ephemera, and the scholar loves to talk about quantity.

I used to leave thousands of poems, but who will correct them?

Jinling's nostalgic poems

Jinling nostalgia

Open classification: literature, poetry and Tang poetry

Jinling nostalgia

Xu hun

Decadent music "Flowers in the Back Garden of Yushu" came together with Chen's fate; The lookout party in Jingyang Palace was filled with empty space.

The cemetery trees in the cemetery cover the graves of many officials in previous dynasties; High and low young crops filled the palaces of the Six Dynasties.

The snail spreads Yun Ni's wings, and it rains for a while and clears up for a while; The finless porpoise added fuel to the flames in the river. The night was deep and a cold wind came.

The emperors of past dynasties are gone forever, and the luxurious imperial life has disappeared without a trace. Only the surrounding green hills are the same as they were then.

Jinling is the ancient capital of Sun Wu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties. Since the Sui and Tang Dynasties, due to the transfer of political center, there was no prosperity of the Six Dynasties. The rise and fall of Jinling has become the topic of many poets in later generations. Generally speaking, poems about Jinling refer to a scene. Xu Hun's seven methods are "careless writing" and "inclusive" (Yu Biyun's A Brief Introduction to Poetic Realm), which are highly artistic.

The poem traces the history that Chen was destroyed by Sui soldiers, and describes the scene that the last small court in the Southern Dynasties was destroyed by the decadent music "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu". In 589 AD, Sui Jun captured Jinling. The song "Flowers in the Garden of Yushu" has not been finished, but the end of Jinling has come. The army of the Sui Dynasty almost reached the outside of Jingyang Palace, and the Yugoslav capital was in name only, so it surrendered easily and the Chen Dynasty perished. This is the beginning of Jinling from prosperity to decline, and the whole poem begins with this, which is the key to grasp it well.

Zhuan Xu described the decline of Jinling. Pine tree, a tree on the grave. When the poet climbed to the top of the mountain, he saw pine and cypress weeds in the distance, and the palace was in ruins. The prosperity of the Southern Dynasties has become a historical relic.

The first two couplets adopted the anti-Rafa method in the content arrangement: first, they recalled the distant yearning for the history of the former dynasty, and then they added the scenery in front of them that caused this distant yearning. This highlights the turning point of Jinling's rise and fall and its historical lessons.

The necktie sums up the changes of the world in a metaphorical way. Here, the words "Fu" and "Blow" are vividly written, and the words "Yi" and "Huan" are implicitly written. "Blowing Clouds" describes the image of Shiyan sweeping in the rain, while "Blowing Waves" shows the imposing manner of finless porpoises. "Sunny rain" means "cloudy with rain", and "returning to the wind at night" obviously means "it's already windy". "finless porpoise" and "Shiyan" symbolize omnipotent figures in history, such as the heroes mentioned by William. These two sentences show the rise and fall of human society and the rise and fall of dynasties through the changes in The Storm on the River.

At the beginning of the couplet, the poet expressed his feelings about prosperity and extinction. Heroes refer to emperors who once occupied Jinling. Both Jinling and Luoyang are surrounded by mountains and have similar topography, so Li Bai's "Three Poems of Jinling" has the poem "There are many mountains like Luoyang". "Only the green hills seem to be in the middle of waterinfo", which means that the topography of Jinling today is similar to that of the Six Dynasties except for mountains and rivers, and everything else is quite different. Jiangshan does not change, things are different, and I am deeply touched.

This "Seven Laws of Nostalgia" is very skillful in choosing images and tempering words. For example, the two couplets in the middle reflect the changes of society with natural scenery, but the techniques and scenery are quite different: the couplets are portrayed intuitively by Fu, and the necklace gets the implied effect with the help of Bixing; Pine and millet are common plants in reality, while rock and finless porpoise are legendary magical and grotesque animals. In this way, not only a variety of colorful images are written, but also a mysterious and romantic atmosphere is set off. In terms of refining characters, taking the first couplet as an example, "disability" and "emptiness" reflect the corruption of the Chen Dynasty from two aspects: cultural life and military facilities, and their writing shows the decline of Jinling City before Chen's death: the word "harmony" overwhelmed Mount Tai, showing the power of Enemy at the Gates, an army of the Sui Dynasty; And "The End of Wang Qi" corresponds to the "luxury" of the last couplet describing Jinling.

————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————

Jinling nostalgia

Sikongshu

It's a long way to go in Xiu Yuan, and the palace is fragrant with grass.

Sad to take the court, the old minister of the north.

Make an appreciative comment

Jinling (now Nanjing, Jiangsu) has been the capital of the Six Dynasties since the Three Kingdoms and Wu Dynasties, and it is an important theme for poets to chant history. Sikong Shu's "Jinling Nostalgia" is typical in material selection, exquisite in application and unique in originality.

The first two sentences are more realistic. The author chose two typical scenes to describe what he saw in front of him. There is not much pen and ink, but it can show the decadent and desolate scene of the ancient capital Jinling very concretely and vividly. Chariot Road is the road that the emperor passed by car. I think of the emperor's trip, with banners and drums, and he was crowded around. How magnificent! Now this scene no longer exists, only Jiang Feng, who has experienced the vicissitudes of the world by the roadside, grows tall and big, covering the sky and casting a heavy shadow, making the deserted road darker and more gloomy. The word "dark" in Jiang Feng Dark is both realistic and reveals the author's heavy mood at the moment. Along this road, you can see some remnants of the palaces of the Six Dynasties. "Six generations of Taicheng competed for luxury", and the palaces in the past were resplendent and magnificent, not to mention the spring when flowers were blooming and birds were singing and dancing. Now it's desolate here, and there are only weeds growing everywhere. It seems that the whole palace has become their world. In "Wild Grass Spring", the word "spring" not only points to the season, but also deliberately indicates that only this growing wild grass is dotted with spring. The antithesis of these two sentences is neat, and the Road Palace is in sharp contrast with Jiang Feng and Weeds, which inspires readers to compare their present situation with history, and the feeling of ups and downs naturally resides in it.

Next, with a stroke of a pen, the real thing is imaginary, and the feelings are skillfully expressed with allusions. Allusions are natural and appropriate, rich and intriguing.

First of all, the nature of Yu Kaifu is Yu Xin, because there was an official who opened the government for three departments, so it was called. Yu Xin was a famous poet in Liang Dynasty. He was an official in Jinling in his early years. Together with his father Yu Jianwu, he was deeply appreciated by Liang Wudi. The so-called "father and son are forbidden to enter and leave the East Palace, and they will not give in to each other." It is natural for poets to recall the past from roads and palaces. Of course, it is easy to think of Yu Xin, which is in line with the scene in front of the author.

In addition, during Yu Xin's mission to the Northern Dynasties and the Western Wei Dynasty, Liang died in the Western Wei Dynasty and was forced to stay in Chang 'an, which was appropriate. After the Northern Zhou and Wei Dynasties, he was forced to be an official in the Zhou Dynasty and stayed in the Northern Dynasty, and finally died in the first year of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty. He experienced several dynasty changes in the Northern Dynasties and witnessed the downfall of the last two dynasties in the Southern Dynasties. His life experience can best reflect the turmoil and changes of that era. In addition, he traveled in the north for a long time and often missed his old country and hometown. Most of his poems have "homesickness", and the famous "Jiangnan Fu" is a masterpiece in this respect. There are some similarities between the poet's life and that of Yu Xin. He experienced the "Anshi Rebellion" and witnessed the decline of the Tang Empire from its heyday. During the An Shi Rebellion, he left his hometown and took refuge in the south. After the rebellion, he couldn't return to Chang 'an for some time and was very homesick. Therefore, the poet used Yu Xin's allusions, both lamenting the rise and fall of the Six Dynasties in history and the decline and fall of the Tang Dynasty, which included his yearning for his hometown and his understanding of life experience. It is indeed appropriate, stable and rich in meaning. The word "sad" falls heavily and is worth pondering. Yu Xin once wrote "Fu of Sorrow", which is sad and moving. He said, "Being hurt is a mourning thing, but I feel sad ..." It is natural to name it "Mourning for the Past", which not only summarizes Yu Xin's life experience, but also expresses the author's deep sympathy for this predecessor poet, and is also a confession of his sad mood here and now.

This poem is an epic masterpiece with 20 crosses missing, rich connotations and profound feelings.