The true and false history of Taoyuan Sanjie, Liu has no Sanjie.

Is Taoyuan Sanjieyi True or False? Liu in history has no three meanings _ The following written materials are collected for everyone, let's take a look!

& gt Luo Guanzhong put the story of three sworn relationships in Taoyuan at the first banquet at the beginning of Romance, in which the hero in Taoyuan made his first contribution by beheading the hero in the yellow turban insurrectionary. According to legend, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, North Korea's political corruption, coupled with years of famine, made people's lives very difficult. Seeing that the people held a grudge against the government, Zhang Jiao, a Julu man, and his younger brothers Sean and Zhang Bao recruited 500,000 people in Hebei, Henan, Shandong, Hubei and Jiangsu, and held an uprising to jointly attack the officers and men. & gt& gt A few days later, the people of the Quartet wrapped in yellow turbans followed the three brothers of Zhang Jiao to kill the government, with a huge momentum. & gt& gt Emperor Han Ling got reports from all over the country and quickly ordered the loyalist to guard against it. He also sent corps commanders Lu Zhi, Huang Fusong and Zhu Juan to lead elite troops to attack the Yellow Scarf Army of Zhang Jiao brothers. & gt& gt Opening Angle led a crowd to attack the border of Youzhou, and the prefect of Youzhou hurriedly called a captain Zou Jing to discuss. Zou Jing said, serenade, Youzhou, can't resist, and suggested writing a post to recruit military forces in various counties. & gt& gt When Bang Wenhang went to Zhuoxian, he introduced a hero. This man's name is Liu Mingbei, and his word is Xuande. Because of his poor family, he made a living by selling Ma Xie and weaving straw mats. On this day, he came to town to read the list. & gt& gt After reading the post, I felt deeply. Suddenly, I heard a man shouting behind me: "A gentleman does not contribute to his country. What are you sighing about? " ? & gt& gt Liu Bei looked back and saw that this man was eight feet tall, with a leopard head, round eyes, a full face of whiskers standing upright like a steel wire and a voice like Hong Zhong. He looks very powerful. The man told Liu Bei that his surname was Zhang and his name was Yide, and he was in the business of selling wine and slaughtering pigs and sheep. He is willing to spend all his money to do something big with Liu Bei. & gt& gt Liu Bei and his wife talked speculatively, so they went to a hotel at the entrance of the village to have a drink and talk. At this time, a car full of big men came into the store to drink. Liu Bei noticed that the man was nine feet tall, with a long beard fluttering in his chest, a face like red dates, a pair of phoenix eyes and two lying silkworm eyebrows, and his appearance was very dignified. Liu Bei got up quickly, invited him to come and sit down, and asked his name. & gt& gt The man said, My name is Guan Mingyu, and my word length is long. Because the bully in the village bullied others, I killed him in a rage and fled to another country for five or six years. Liu Bei and Zhang Fei admired them and expressed their wishes. Guan Yu is also very happy. & gt& gt After drinking, they came to Zhang Fei's manor together and saw a peach blossom garden behind the manor. The peach blossoms in the garden are brilliant and the scenery is beautiful. The next day, the three men burned incense in the garden and swore as half-brothers. The three men recognized their brothers by age, and Liu Bei became the eldest brother, followed by Guan Yu and Zhang Fei, the youngest, and became the younger brother. & gt& gt At that time, Zhang Fei was the richest man. As a butcher, he naturally invited more guests. Guan Yu was not short of money to sell food, so he wrapped up the wine. Liu Bei sells straw sandals, which makes a small profit. Every time I go to dinner, I only bring my mouth. As the saying goes, rice noodle couples, >> fair-weather friends Liu, Guan and Zhang all like to drink, but Liu Bei always eats for free, so Guan and Zhang are a little dissatisfied. & gt& gt Once, in the middle of Tomb-Sweeping Day, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei consulted, took dining tables and ordered a boat to drink in the middle of the lake, trying to avoid Liu Bei, but Liu Bei found out. & gt& gt Guan Yu and Zhang Fei set the table on the boat and were about to drink. Suddenly, they saw a big box coming with the wind. I didn't know what treasure was in it, so they asked the boatman to hook it with a pole. They dragged the box to the boat, opened it and saw a man coming out of it. It was Liu Bei. I heard Liu Bei say: Thank you for waiting! Guan Yu and Zhang Fei secretly complained. Now, how can they drive away the guests? Guan Gong still has an idea. He said: Today is Tomb-Sweeping Day, and the elegance is strong. Why not say a few words? It can be said that drinking and eating vegetables, but can't say, so it's hard to say-stare blankly! Zhang Fei and Liu Bei said: OK. So, the three of them matched sentence by sentence. Guan Yu first said: the ink tray grinds ink, which is confusing. The words you wrote are clearly ink-written, easy to make easy, and the words are ink-written, which is rare. Zhang Fei went on to say, it's snowing in the sky, which is confusing. Obviously, snow becomes water, and it is easy to make it easy. Water becomes snow, which is rare. Liu Bei said, "There are people floating in the box, and I am confused. Obviously, it is easy for me to find you two, and it is rare for you two to find me. " Zhang Guan had nothing to say, so he invited Liu Bei for a free meal. & gt& gt Another day, Zhang Fei arranged a banquet in Taoyuan, his backyard. He sat on both sides with Guan Yu first, but left the first one empty for Liu Bei. No sooner had the table been set than Liu Bei came with a string of straw sandals. He was not polite at all, saying: It's better to come early than to come opportunely, so that I can live up to the kindness of the two good brothers! Sit in an empty seat. There used to be a reed mat covered with a well. Supposedly, he will fall into the well, just sit still and eat and drink as usual. Zhang Fei was stunned for a long time, pretended to leave and spat, went around behind Liu Bei and secretly unveiled a reed mat. I saw a cloud in the well, and a golden dragon with five claws shining scales was holding Liu Bei. Zhang Fei realized that Liu Bei was a descendant of Kowloon Star. Zhang Fei didn't dare to make any noise. After drinking, he told Guan Yu that this Liu Bei has a wide network of contacts. He is destined to be emperor. From then on, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei no longer looked down on Liu Bei, and they followed Liu Bei to conquer the world. & gt& gt Of course, the above is just a legend about Taoyuan's three wishes. However, this historical data gave the later folk artists and playwrights unlimited imagination. & gt& gt Some experts have verified that the story of the Three Boundaries in Taoyuan probably began to spread in the Song and Yuan Dynasties. In the process of rebuilding this temple, there has always been a saying that at the beginning, Wang and his generals defected to Zhao Lie as friends, which was about brotherhood. Guan Yu's drama collection also quoted poems by poets at the end of Yuan Dynasty, namely "A Brother and a Brother in Taoyuan" and "A Brother and a King in Qian Qiu". There is also a relatively complete story about Liu Taoyuan's three-knot righteousness in the Yuan drama: Hiding in the shadows, a ghost who wants to stand on his own feet and beg Guan Yu to be handsome. Guan Yu killed him and fled to Fanyang, Zhuozhou. Zhang Fei opened a butcher shop in the local area. Zhang Fei deliberately pressed a knife with a 1,000-kilo boulder in front of the store, threatening that whoever could move the boulder would take nothing. >> send him meat. One day, Guan Yu passed by Zhang Fei's butcher's shop and moved out the 1,000-pound boulder that Zhang Fei used to press the knife. There was no meat. When Zhang Fei returned to the store and learned the news, he went to the inn where Guan Yu stayed and worshipped Guan Yu as his brother. Later, they met Liu Bei. Seeing Liu Bei's extraordinary appearance, I invited him to drink together. Liu Bei was lying drunk when he saw a red snake drilling into Liu Bei's seven orifices. Guan Yu thought that this man would be blessed in the future, so he worshipped Liu Bei as his brother. The three men slaughtered cattle and horses in Taoyuan outside the city, offering sacrifices to heaven and earth, vowing to be born on different days and die on the same day. Although the story is interesting, it is absurd. & gt& gt In The Three Kingdoms Pinghua in Yuan Dynasty, Taoyuan Sanjieyi is a better idea: >> It is said that a man, whose surname is Guan Mingyu, has a long word, is a good lover in Pingyang, has beautiful eyebrows and beautiful eyes, looks like a purple jade, is nine feet and two inches long, and likes to watch Zuo Zhuan in Spring and Autumn. Seeing the story of traitors and thieves makes you angry and evil. Because the county magistrate was greedy for money and took bribes, they killed the county magistrate and fled to Zhuo Jun. Don't wander because it is difficult to hide, how can you know righteousness when you meet gold? & gt& gt According to legend, there was a man named Zhang, whose word was Yide, who was from Fanyang, Yanbang County. He was born with a leopard head and eyes, a beard and a beard. He is more than nine feet long and sounds like a huge clock. This family is rich and powerful. Standing at the door with nothing to do, I saw Guan Gong Street passing by. I was born with an extraordinary appearance and was dressed in blue, not from here. March forward and see Guan Yu salute. Guan Gong returned the gift. & gt& gt Fei asked: Where is the gentleman going? What's the state surname? When he saw the problem of Fei, he looked at Fei with unusual eyes. He said, I miss a man from Hedong who wants to save the country. I killed the county magistrate because he was unfair to the people. I dare not live in the countryside, so I came here to take refuge. It is a gentleman's ambition to fly to see Guan Yu finish speaking. So I invited Guan Gong to the hotel. Fly to measure wine and bring 200 yuan wine. The host replied. & gt& gt As soon as Guan Yu saw that it wasn't grass flying, he talked and talked, and he was exhausted. Guan Yu wanted to wait for the cup, but he had no money around and had a hard time. Fei said: there is no reason! Then ask the host to bring the wine. Two people use the same words to persuade each other, just like before. Exactly: on the day when the dragon and tiger meet, the monarch and the minister celebrate together. & gt& gt On the same day, because the seller was in the city and sold out, he also came to the hotel to buy wine. Guan and Zhang Jiande were born in strange shapes, with countless blessings. Guan Yu then drank wine for Degong. The public is very happy to see that their looks are also extraordinary; Don't refuse, have a drink. After drinking, Zhang Fei holds the lamp, and Degong drinks again. Fei invited Degong to sit with him, drank three glasses of wine, and the three of them lived in peace and made up. & gt& gt Zhang Dui said: This is not where we sit. If you don't give up, let's have a drink at our house. When the two males saw the flight, they flew to the house. There is a peach blossom garden behind, and there is a small pavilion in the garden. Fei invited two gentlemen to the pavilion to buy wine, and three of them enjoyed drinking.

In the drinking room, the order of the three people is the same: Degong is the longest, Guan Gong is the second, and Feitian is the smallest. Treat the older ones as brothers and the younger ones as brothers. Kill the white horse to sacrifice to heaven, and kill the black cow to sacrifice to the ground. I don't want to be born on the same day, I just want to die on the same day. Three people walk together, sit together, sleep together and swear to be brothers. & gt& gt There was an upright man who saw that the Han Dynasty was in danger, thieves were rampant, and Li Shu was in famine. He sighed: a gentleman was born in the world, so what! Always discussing * * *, trying to save Li Min and solve the son of heaven in whitewashing peace. & gt& gt Relatively speaking, the design of this plot is more reasonable and has the shadow of real life. During the Three Kingdoms period, there was a custom of killing white horses as allies. In the seventh year of Jian 'an, he attacked Nanpi and killed Yuan Tan. Yuan Ji touched the Ministry and turned his back on Cao. When they revolted, they vowed to kill the white horse. But this is just an oath, not a sworn brother. Later, many leaders of the peasant uprising used this form when they became sworn brothers. For example, in the Red Scarf Uprising of Liu Futong and others in the Yuan Dynasty, the Chronicle of Shun Di in the Yuan Dynasty described their pledge of allegiance as killing a white horse and a black cow, vowing to tell heaven and earth that they would turn against each other. & gt& gt But this kind of writing is rough and low-level. & gt& gt Luo Guanzhong deserves to be called a master of literature, and these historical materials and stories have undergone fundamental changes as soon as they reached his hands. Luo Guanzhong deleted some absurd elements, and changed them into three people who are brothers in the face of national disaster. They want to join the army to break thieves, defend their country and do great things. Especially when the three people burned incense and swore again, they said: although their surnames are different, they are all brothers, so they help the poor together; Serve your country, rest in peace. I don't want to be born on the same day in the same year, I just want to die on the same day in the same year After heaven and earth, learn this heart, be ungrateful and kill heaven and man! In this way, the thinking is also high, and the relationship between friends has also risen a lot, turning a simple sworn into a mutual support for going to the national disaster, which makes people feel lofty and cordial. A big book puts the three vows of Taoyuan at the beginning, paving the way for the three of them to share weal and woe, in order to achieve such a purpose. So in later years, it was even more convincing that Guan Yu and Zhang Fei risked their lives to help Liu Bei restore the Han Dynasty. & gt& gt So, what is the relationship between Liu Bei, Guan Yu and Zhang Fei in history? & gt& gt As a matter of fact, Mr. and Mrs. Liu are not bound by Sanjie in Taoyuan. The reasons are: there is no record in the official history, and this matter is not mentioned in the annals of the three kingdoms and as a mirror of resources; The age of these three people should be Guan, not Liu. There is no date of birth and death of Liu Bei in the History of the Three Kingdoms, only that he died in Zhangwu for three years at the age of sixty-three. The age calculated by ancestors is nominal. Accordingly, Liu Bei was born in Yan Xi, Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty for four years. Therefore, the year of birth and death of Liu Bei should be 16 1-223. & gt& gt According to Qian's novels, Guan Houzu's tombstone unearthed in Guan Yu's hometown during the Kangxi period knows that Guan Yu was born in June of the third year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. Therefore, Ke Rulin's Chronicle of Guan Yu thinks that Guan Yu is one year older than Liu Bei. Guan Yu's birth and death year should be 160-2 19. & gt& gt The year of birth and death of Zhang Fei, the introduction of Ci Hai: -22 1 year. According to the chronology, Zhang Liubei is four years old, which should be 165 -22 1 year. & gt& gt The Biography of the Three Kingdoms Liu Ye also said: Guan Yu and Bei, righteousness is a monarch and minister, and kindness is a brother. & gt& gt Historically, the relationship among Liu, Guan and Zhang is really extraordinary. According to the Romance of the Three Kingdoms and the legend of Guan Yu, Guan Yu fled to Zhuo Jun, Liu Bei was collecting disciples in the village, and Guan Yu and Zhang Fei voted for him. Later, Liu Bei was a plain facies, and Yu Hefei was another Sima, which was divided into different parts. Liu Bei and two people sleep in the same bed, so they are brothers. Guan Yu often sits in the crowd and stands all day. Later, Xuzhou fell, Guan Yu was captured, and Cao Cao sent people to surrender. Guan Yu also said: I was sworn to death by General Liu, and I can't recite it. Zhang Fei Biography also recorded that Zhang and Guan Yu were both masters in advance, and Guan Yu was a few years older, so he was taken care of by Fei Ge. & gt& gt Guan Yu and Zhang Fei are both famous for their bravery. Cheng Yu, the counselor of Wei, was praised as the enemy of ten thousand people and as General Xiong Hu. Therefore, Liu Bei attached great importance to Zhang Guan and regarded him as a confidant. Therefore, later historians, such as Wang Fuzhi in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, thought that Liu Bei's letter to Zhang Guan was better than his sincerity. & gt& gt The above historical materials are enough to illustrate two problems: First, the Enruo brothers who are closely related to Liu; Second, if they are brothers, not sworn brothers, the historical materials are not conclusive. Therefore, there is no real incident of "Three sworn vows in Taoyuan" in history, but the relationship between Liu and Liu is indeed very close, which provides convincing materials for literary creation and folklore, so that Liu's story of "Three sworn vows in Taoyuan" is widely circulated.