Who is Frederick VIII? A Brief Introduction to the Life of King Frederick VIII of Denmark

Frederick VIII (Frederick VIII; Full name: Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl; Christian Frederik Vilhelm Carl; 1June 3, 843–1965438+May 2002 14) 1906 to 19 12 was the king of Denmark.

He had been crown prince of Denmark for 42 years before he succeeded to the throne at the age of 62. During the long reign of his father Christian Ⅸ, Frederick was basically excluded from politics.

1On June 3rd, 843, Frederick was born in the Yellow Palace in Copenhagen. He is the prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Zondberg-Gruxburg and a male branch of the oldenburg family. Schleswig-Holstein-Zondberg-Glucksburg Branch is a descendant of Danish King Christian III, and eight generations of dukes, including his grandfather, ruled the non-sovereign Schleswig-Holstein Principality. Frederick's father is Prince Christian of Schleswig-Holstein-Zondberg-Gruxburg, the future Danish king Christian Ⅸ, and his mother is Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar of Hesse-Kassel.

1853, Frederick's father was chosen as the heir to the Danish throne, because his mother Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar of Hesse-Kassel was a close relative of the last Danish king from the oldenburg family (other Hesse family members who also had the right to inherit the Danish throne gave up their right to inherit the throne in order to support Louise and her husband). Thus, 1853, Frederick became the prince of Denmark.

1860, after Frederick was confirmed, he received military education. 1863, Prince Frederick was sent to Oxford University for further study, but when his father succeeded to the Danish throne in the same year 165438+ 10, Frederick became the crown prince of Denmark and returned to Denmark from England. As the crown prince of Denmark, Frederick holds his own seat in the Danish National Assembly and often assists his father in handling state affairs. 1864, Frederick formally joined the second Schleswig War against Prussia (namely, the Pudan War).

Frederick's mother, Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, hopes that her eldest son's marriage will be as successful as her two daughters, Princess Alexandra (Queen Alexandra) and Princess Dagmar (Maria Feodorovna). At that time, Queen Victoria of England had two unmarried daughters, Princess Helena and Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, and Louise wanted Frederick to marry one of them. However, the Queen of England does not want her daughter to marry a foreign heir to the throne at all, because in that case, her daughter will be forced to live abroad. Therefore, Queen Victoria chose a German prince who could settle in England as her husband. In addition, Queen Victoria is very pro-German, and the second Danish marriage (Frederic's sister Princess Alexandra has married Queen Victoria's eldest son Prince of Wales, the future King Edward VII) will not be in her German interests.

1868 In July, Frederick was engaged to Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar, the daughter of King Karl Xv of Sweden, who was only 17 years old. Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar and Napoléon Bonaparte are related by marriage. She is a member of the Bernadotte family that has ruled Sweden since 18 18. Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte, the founder of Bernadotte Dynasty in Sweden, was a general under Napoleon. He was elected Crown Prince of Sweden in 18 10, and succeeded to the Swedish throne in 1865438. Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte's wife, Desire Clarie, was once the fiancee of the French emperor Napoleon. Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte's son, the wife of King Oscar I of Sweden of Sweden, is the granddaughter of Joséphin Beauharnais, Napoleon's first wife, Queen Josephine. Oscar I of Sweden and Queen Josephine of Sweden are Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar's grandparents in Sweden.

The purpose of this marriage is to establish friendship between Denmark and Sweden. 1864 During the war between Denmark and Prussia, the relationship between the two countries became increasingly tense because Sweden did not help Denmark. Frederick and Louise first met in 1862, but it was not until 1868 that Frederick was invited to Sweden to get to know Louise better. Their meeting was very successful, and in the same year, they got engaged. Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar is the first Swedish princess to marry into the Danish royal family since the Middle Ages. As a symbol of neo-pan-Scandinavianism, this kind of marriage is very popular in the three Nordic countries.

1869 On July 28th, Swedish Crown Prince Frederick and Louise Victoria Alexandra Dagmar were at Stockholm Palace. After their marriage, the couple lived in the Amalienborg Palace in Copenhagen and spent their holidays in the Charlottenlong Palace in the north of the city. They have four children and four daughters, and their marriage is not happy, but it has not affected the relations between the two countries.

When Christian Ⅸ died on190665438+129 October, Frederick succeeded to the Danish throne and was called Frederick VIII. He was the Crown Prince for 43 years and was 62 when he became king. In many ways, Frederick was an enlightened ruler, which was more conducive to the implementation of the new parliamentary system than his father Frederick. Because he was very old when he succeeded to the throne, he had only a few years to show his abilities, and his health greatly affected his talents.

On the way back from Nice, the king made a short stop in Hamburg and stayed at the Hof Hotel in Hamburg. 19 12, 14 On the night when he arrived in Hamburg in May, Frederick (a pseudonym) was walking on the bank of girls. However, Frederick suddenly fainted while walking, fell on a park bench and died on the spot. Later, he was found by his police and taken to Hafen Hospital, where he was pronounced dead. He was buried with other members of the Danish royal family in Roskilde Cathedral near Copenhagen.