Liu Ji's classical Chinese

1. Read "Liu Ji" in classical Chinese, Liu Ji, a native of Qingtian.

Ji Youying is different. His teacher Zheng Fuchu said to his father, "Your ancestors are virtuous, and this son will be a great monarch." From Yuan Dynasty to Shun Dynasty, scholars were promoted. Besides Gao, there is also an honest voice.

Save it, thank you. The classics and history of Ji are glimpsed in the book, especially the study of latitude.

Zhao, a scholar in West Shu, said that he was the first person in Jiangzuo and thought it was related. But Mao went to Jinhua, bought a warehouse, heard the name of the base, and hired it with money, but the base did not respond.

Sun Yan, the general manager, invited books again, and the foundation began to come out. Now, Chen Shiwu's eighteen strategies.

Mao was overjoyed. Chen Youliang will fall into peace and seek the east, and the situation will be very strong. The generals will either discuss surrender or submit to Zhongshan, and will say nothing.

When Mao came in, Ji Fen said, "Whoever comes down to run can be beheaded." Mao said, "Sir, are you going to go out safely?" Ji said, "Thieves are arrogant. "When he goes deep, the ambush will invite him to get it, which is easy for him.

It is the way to win after heaven, to abuse power for personal gain and defeat the enemy in order to be king. "Mao with its discretion, lure friends to win the trust, big break, to defeat the enemy reward base.

Basic vocabulary. Friends sent soldiers back to Anqing, and Taizu wanted to ask for his help.

Ji Li Zan set out to attack Anqing. Drought, please stay in prison.

That is to say, the foundation of life has been rehabilitated and the rain has followed. Please customize legislation to stop indiscriminate killing.

Mao wanted to punish people and ask them why. Mao talks in his sleep. Ji said, "There are many people in this place, so we should stop their punishment and wait for them."

Three days later, Haining fell. Mao was happy. He knew that he would pay with prisoners.

Find the imperial edict. At first, Mao blamed Prime Minister Li Shanchang, saying, "Being good at learning from old habits can reconcile generals."

Taizu said, "I want to harm you, and you are the land." I am a gentleman. "Keaton first said," it's like an easy pillar, but it needs a big tree.

If the beam is small and covered. "The male good dragon, the emperor wants to phase Yang Xian.

The constitution is better than the foundation, and the foundation cannot be said, saying, "The constitution has a phase, but no phase device. Husband and prime minister hold their hearts like water, weighing justice and reason, but those who have nothing to do with them are not. "

The emperor asked Wang Guangyang, and he said, "This is shallower than the Constitution." Three-year Bachelor of Hong Wen Pavilion.

1 1 month, he was awarded the title of hero, and he was awarded the title of officer, doctor and army guard. Go back to my hometown next year.

Kizo rules the world. He expects things to be like gods, but he is just jealous of evil. Even if I'm still hiding in the mountains, I just drink and play chess.

Eight years, died of illness, died in January of sixty-five. 4. The incorrect explanation of the words added in the following sentence is B (prison: litigation case). A. a scholar who is promoted to a higher position,: conferring an official position. B. Drought, please stay in prison: prison C. Mao blamed the incident on Prime Minister Li Shanchang: D. Seeking the imperial history of Zhong Cheng, seeking the imperial history: Soon 5. The following sentences all show that Liu Ji is honest and clean. Five sentences show that Liu Ji is very humble. ) 1. When he arrived, Chen Shiwu had 18 insurance policies.

(2) Ji Fen said: "The Lord descended and ran, which can be beheaded." (3) Defeat the enemy and reward the base.

Basic vocabulary. Kilimanjaro praised him and set out to attack Anqing. ⑤ Keaton first said, "It's like an easy pillar, but it needs a big wood.

If the beam is small and covered. The emperor asked Wang Guangyang, and he said, "This is shallower than the Constitution."

A. 135B。 146C。 235D。 2366. The following summary and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text is incorrect: B. (Among them, "Xian Cheng of Gao 'an County continued to rise" is incorrect, and he served as Xian Cheng of Gao 'an County from Yuan to Shun years, when the emperor was not Ming Taizu. ) A. Liu Ji was very clever when he was a child and was proficient in classics and history. He reads all books, especially astronomy and geography. Zhao, a native of West Shu, thinks he is something.

Liu Ji is honest and outspoken, and is highly appreciated and reused by Ming Taizu. He was constantly promoted by Xian Cheng of Gao 'an County, and was named Chengbo before he retired. C. Liu Ji was indifferent to fame and fortune, and Ming Taizu captured Jinhua to pacify the Cang. When he heard about Liu Ji's fame, he offered to hire him with coins, but Liu Ji didn't agree.

Defeated by Chen Youliang, Zhu Yuanzhang rewarded Liu Ji with the reward of defeating the enemy. Liu Ji declined.

After returning to China, he lived in seclusion in the mountains, drinking and playing chess, and never mentioned his merits and demerits. D. Liu Ji is straightforward and hates evil.

But he doesn't remember personal grievances, and intercedes for Li Shanchang who tried to frame him many times. 7. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese.

(1) Chen Youliang will be peaceful and seek the east, and it will be very strong. The generals either discuss surrender or escape from Zhongshan, but neither will say anything. Because Chen Youliang captured Taiping Town, it was very severe. Some generals suggested surrendering, while others suggested fleeing to Zhongshan for occupation.

(2) To be good at this, the emperor should be a Yang Xian. Xian Su has a good foundation, which can't wait until Li Shanchang is dismissed. The emperor intends to make Yang Xian prime minister.

Yang Xian has always had a good relationship with Liu Ji, but Liu Ji firmly believes that it is impossible.

2. Liu Ji gave a banquet in honor of Fu Cha, King of Yue. After the banquet, he told the ministers that the king of Wu was killed because he killed Wu Zixu, who had profound knowledge. After listening to the ministers, no one expressed their opinions. The doctor was silent for a while, then got up and said, I have been to the East China Sea, just in time to catch up with the East China Sea God and shuttle between islands to accompany aquatic animals such as fish and turtles. They all visited in a certain order. A water beast named Kui also visited Poseidon. An old tortoise craned its neck and smiled at Kui. Asked why he laughed, Kui said, "I laughed at you jumping around when you walked, and I was worried that you would fall." Wei Xiao said, "I jump." In addition, I use one leg and you use four legs; You want to laugh at me when you walk on four legs like this? For you, if you keep walking on tiptoe, you will be tired to the bone of your leg; If you drag it away, it will wear out your stomach; How many roads can you walk in a day by crawling slowly on the ground like this? Now you don't even know how to be sad, but you feel sorry for me! "Now, the king has forced the doctor's literary style to die, and also forced Fan Li to run away. All the wise men in the world turned their heads and dared not look south. There are no talents in Vietnam. I'm afraid it's not too distant future for princes to laugh at the king. Gou Jian, the King of Yue, was silent.

3. The original and translation of Liu Ji's Talking about the Change of Color from a Tiger-Liu Mingji's Tiger as a Man.

A tiger benefits its minions, but without them, its strength doubles. No wonder human food is for tigers.

However, the tiger's cannibalism is not constant, and the tiger's skin often sleeps there. Why? Tigers use force, people use wisdom; Tigers use their minions for their own use, and people use things. Therefore, the use of strength is one, and the use of wisdom is one hundred; Slaves use one, and things use hundreds.

One enemy against a hundred, though fierce, will be invincible. Old friends eat tigers, but those with wisdom and things can't use them.

Therefore, those who work hard without wisdom in the world and use themselves instead of others are tigers and the like. Why is it strange that he sleeps in his own skin for others? Tigers are more than twice as strong as people.

Tigers have sharp claws, but people don't, which makes them several times better than people. Then it is not surprising that people are eaten by tigers.

But it is not common for tigers to eat people, and tiger skin is often used as a thing to sit and lie down. Why? Tigers use strength, people use wisdom; Tigers can only use their own claws and teeth, while people can use tools. Therefore, the role of strength is one, and the role of wisdom is one hundred; The role of claws and teeth is one, and the role of tools is one hundred.

One enemy against a hundred, even if fierce, can't win. So people are eaten by tigers because they have wisdom and tools and can't use them.

Therefore, those people in the world who only use strength instead of wisdom and only play their own role without the help of others are just like tigers. What's strange about them sitting around like tigers caught (killed) by others? .

4. Read the classical Chinese "Liu Ji" Liu Ji, a word blog post, Qingtian people. Ji Youying is different. His teacher Zheng Fuchu said to his father, "Your ancestors are virtuous, and this son will be a great monarch." From Yuan Dynasty to Shun Dynasty, scholars were promoted. Besides Gao, there is also an honest voice. Save it, thank you. The classics and history of Ji are glimpsed in the book, especially the study of latitude. Zhao, a scholar in West Shu, said that he was the first person in Jiangzuo and thought it was related.

But Mao went to Jinhua, bought a warehouse, heard the name of the base, and hired it with money, but the base did not respond. Sun Yan, the general manager, invited books again, and the foundation began to come out. Now, Chen Shiwu's eighteen strategies. Mao was overjoyed. Chen Youliang will fall into peace and seek the east, and the situation will be very strong. The generals will either discuss surrender or submit to Zhongshan, and will say nothing. When Mao came in, Ji Fen said, "Whoever comes down to run can be beheaded." Mao said, "Sir, are you going to go out safely?" Ji said, "Thieves are arrogant. "When he goes deep, the ambush will invite him to get it, which is easy for him. It is a victory after heaven, and winning the enemy with power becomes the king's business. " Taizu used his strategy to lure friends into understanding, break it, defeat the enemy and reward the base. Basic vocabulary. Friends sent soldiers back to Anqing, and Taizu wanted to ask for his help. Ji Li Zan set out to attack Anqing.

Drought, please stay in prison. That is to say, the foundation of life has been rehabilitated and the rain has followed. Please customize legislation to stop indiscriminate killing. Mao wanted to punish people and ask them why. Mao talks in his sleep. Ji said, "There are many people in this place, so we should stop their punishment and wait for them." Three days later, Haining fell. Mao was happy. He knew that he would pay with prisoners. Find the imperial edict.

At first, Mao blamed Prime Minister Li Shanchang, saying, "Being good at learning from old habits can reconcile generals." Taizu said, "I want to harm you, and you are the land." I am a gentleman. "Keaton first said," it's like an easy pillar, but it needs a big tree. If the beam is small and covered. "And good long, the emperor wants to phase Yang Xian. The constitution is better than the foundation, and the foundation cannot be said, saying, "The constitution has a phase, but it has no phase. Husband and Prime Minister quiet inside weigh justice and reason, but people who have nothing to do with them are not. " When the emperor asked Wang Guangyang, he said, "This is more superficial than the Constitution. "Hong Bachelor of Arts Museum for three years. 1 1 month, he was awarded the title of hero, and he was awarded the title of officer, doctor and army guard. Go back to my hometown next year.

Kizo rules the world. He expects things to be like gods, but he is just jealous of evil. Even if I'm still hiding in the mountains, I just drink and play chess. Eight years, died of illness, died in January of sixty-five.

4. The incorrect explanation of the words added in the following sentence is B (prison: litigation case).

A. promotion of Jinshi, except high: conferring official positions. B. please stay in prison during the drought: prison

C. Taizu blamed the incident on Prime Minister Li Shanchang: blamed D. Begging Zhong Cheng and Taishiling: Soon.

5. In the following sentences, what shows Liu Ji's honesty and integrity is D(4 sentences show Liu Ji's bravery; Five sentences show that Liu Ji is modest)

(1) both put forward eighteen guidelines to Chen Shiwu. (2) Ji Fen said: "The Lord descended and ran, which can be beheaded." (3) Defeat the enemy and reward the base. Basic vocabulary. Kilimanjaro praised him and set out to attack Anqing. ⑤ Keaton first said, "It's like an easy pillar, but it needs a big wood. If the beam is small and covered. "

The emperor asked Wang Guangyang, and he said, "This is shallower than the Constitution."

A.①③⑤ B.①④⑥ C.②③⑤ D.②③⑥

6. The following summary and analysis of the relevant contents of the original text are incorrect: B. ("Xian Cheng of Gao 'an County was promoted continuously" is wrong. During the Yuan to Shun years, he served as Cheng of Gao 'an County, when the emperor was not Ming Taizu. )

A. Liu Ji was very smart when he was a child, and he was very proficient in classics and history. He must read all books, especially astronomy and geography. Zhao, a native of West Shu, thinks he is something.

Liu Ji is honest and outspoken, and is highly appreciated and reused by Ming Taizu. He was constantly promoted by Xian Cheng of Gao 'an County, and was named Chengbo before he retired.

C. Liu Ji was indifferent to fame and fortune, and Ming Taizu captured Jinhua to pacify the Cang. When he heard about Liu Ji's fame, he offered to hire him with coins, but Liu Ji didn't agree. Defeated by Chen Youliang, Zhu Yuanzhang rewarded Liu Ji with the reward of defeating the enemy. Liu Ji declined. After returning to China, he lived in seclusion in the mountains, drinking and playing chess, and never mentioned his merits and demerits.

D. Liu Ji is straightforward and hates evil. But he doesn't remember personal grievances, and intercedes for Li Shanchang who tried to frame him many times.

7. Translate underlined sentences into modern Chinese.

(1) Chen Youliang will be peaceful and seek the east, and it will be very strong. The generals either discuss surrender or escape from Zhongshan, but neither will say anything.

Because Chen Youliang captured Taiping Town, it was very severe. Some generals suggested surrendering, while others suggested fleeing to Zhongshan for occupation.

(2) To be good at this, the emperor should be a Yang Xian. Constitutionalism is beneficial to the foundation, and the foundation cannot be said.

When Li Shanchang was deposed, the emperor intended to make yang xian prime minister. Yang Xian has always had a good relationship with Liu Ji, but Liu Ji firmly believes that it is impossible.

5. Spring in Spring One spring, starting from Shidunxiya, trickled down, but it warmed winter and Xia Han. It is immersed in a small canal, does not dry up in winter and summer, overflows to the southwest, lies in the sand, and there are four small ponds next to it. Lu is at the eastern foothills, and zhū is the big pond, which flows into Ruoye River in the east. Looking down, the pines, bamboos, flowers and trees on the cliff are all underwater. Therefore, the minister, Qing Bai Ye Gongheng, came to swim and sat by the water all day, which is the so-called source of life. Among them are stone crabs, as big as money, and small (fish) fish, which are black in color and often eaten by water rats. There are many grasses and calamus, and there are birds as big as swimming pools. Flowing into a small canal, it will not dry up in winter and summer. When the small canal is full, it flows southwest and sticks to the sand, and four small ponds are formed next to it. Flowing eastward to the foot of the mountain, the water gathers into a big pond, which flows eastward into Ruoye River and enters Jinghu Lake in the northeast. When the small canal was first formed, it was less than a foot deep and clear enough to see people. The pine, bamboo and flowers on the thin cliff stone in spring are all underwater. So the secretary sat by the water all day, and I named this spring as living water. There are stone crabs in the spring, the size of copper coins. There are also small mackerel, pure black in color, living in caves. Rats often come to eat them. Most of the grass in the water is water pine and calamus. There is a kind of bird about the size of myna, with black hair and red mouth, which often sings on the water. It is similar to bamboo chicken but smoother than bamboo chicken. There are two ridges.

6. Catching Rats Liu Ji's Classical Chinese Catching Rats Liu Ren suffers from rats, begging cats in the mountains, and Zhongshan people give them.

Cats are good at catching mice and chickens. A month later, the mouse was exhausted and the chicken was exhausted.

When his son suffered from the disease, he told his father, "What are you going to do?" His father said, "If you know right and wrong. I suffer from mice, and I don't care about chickens.

If my husband has mice, he will steal my food, destroy my clothes, wear my walls and damage my utensils, and I will starve and freeze. Don't get sick without chickens! Without chicken, eating chicken has ears, which is far from hunger and cold.

If you leave, so will your husband and cat! Matters needing attention: ① Why not drive away? A man in Zhao (his family) was infested with rats and went to Zhongshan to ask for a cat. The people in Zhongshan gave it to him. Cats are good at catching mice and chickens.

For more than a month, the mouse lost all the chickens. His son thinks cats are evil and tells his father, "Why not get rid of cats?" His father said, "This is not what you understand.

I'm worried about mice, not chickens. With a mouse, it will steal my food, destroy my clothes, pierce my walls, destroy my utensils, and I will starve and freeze.

Don't worry about no chicken! Without chicken, it's over if you don't eat chicken, which is far from starvation and freezing to death. How can you drive away the cat like this? "。

7. Classical Chinese: Deception (selected from Liu Ji's Yu Ion) The whole translator has the appearance of a good Buddha. Every time he talks to others, he should use his words to drive him, and he is willing to think that he is unique.

Li Yu said: "In the past, Lu people could not make wine, but Zhongshan people were good at making wine for thousands of days. Lu people seek happiness.

Some officials in the main restaurant in Zhongshan, take its dregs and stain it with Lu wine, which is what people call' Zhongshan wine'. People in Shandong think Zhongshan wine is the same after drinking it.

One day, the restaurant owner came to smell the wine, asked for it, vomited and laughed, and said,' It's the leftover dregs.' Today, I praise the Buddha, but I am afraid that the real Buddha's smile will be stolen. "

A guest who likes Buddhism, every time he talks with someone about truth, he has to take out Buddhism and overwhelm the other person, thinking that he is very opinionated. Li Yu said to the guests, "In the past, Lu people couldn't make wine, and only people in Zhongshan country could make wine for 1000 days.

Lu people asked them for advice, but they couldn't get it. A man in Lu went to Zhongshan to be an official, stayed in a hotel, stole the distiller's grains from the store, returned to Lu, soaked in Lu's wine and said to people, "This is Zhongshan's wine.

"Lu people drank and thought it was Zhongshan wine. One day, the owner of that hotel visited and heard that there were domestic wines. He wanted to see them. I couldn't help but spit it out as soon as I entered. He smiled and said, "This is Cao juice made from my distiller's grains! Now you can show off your Buddhism to me; But I think the real Buddha will laugh at you. You just learned some dross.

8. Read Liu Ji's prose in classical Chinese in Ming Dynasty, "Ruibo offers a vest for disaster", and complete the topic 1: ① Satisfy; 2 this, like this; 3 finally, finally; Four each.

Implicit 1:C implicit 1: Zhou Wang Li made commander Rabe attack Rong implicitly 1:( 1) Since you know that the king is insatiable, you induced him to be greedy, which is Rabe's fault. (2) Besides, a gentleman (hero) will not die, and when he dies, he will achieve great fame! Don't princes have natural noble species! Question 1: I think Rab's dismissal was self-inflicted.

Because Rui Ji has told him that Zhou Liwang is an insatiable and slanderous villain, while Rui Bo also offered a horse to intercede, bribed and gave gifts to induce Li Wang's greed, which shows that he is also a despicable person. Comments: As a conjunction, "er" has the functions of "expressing inheritance, merging, modifying and turning", and the specific functions can be analyzed in combination with specific sentences.

Question 1: analysis of the test questions: Wang made Rabe take charge of the army, which means "Pelabe led the army to take the army." According to the principle of structure and meaning, the rhythm of this sentence is "The king sent Master Rabe to conquer Rong". Comments: The correct pause in a sentence is based on a grasp of the meaning and grammatical structure of the sentence. Therefore, when solving this kind of problems, we can first translate the sentences to clearly understand the meaning, and regard the texts with similar meanings as "meaning units", and there is often a pause between "units" and "units"; When analyzing the grammatical structure, we can first grasp the verb, connect the words before and after the verb, observe the whole sentence, find the subject forward, find the object backward, and then find other components, so that we can determine the grammatical structure of the sentence and determine the pause in the sentence accordingly.

Question 1: Analysis of test questions: When translating the sentence (1), pay attention to the sentence "Er refers to you, blasphemy refers to greed, initiation refers to seduction, and it refers to a turning point, so it is". Pay attention to this sentence as a judgment sentence. When translating (2), we should pay attention to the meaning of "except", that is, the meaning of "just" rather than "not", so as to make the whole sentence translation complete and smooth.

Comments: Classical Chinese translation is a necessary question for reading classical Chinese. The standard of classical Chinese translation is three words: faithfulness, expressiveness and elegance.

For junior high school students, it is very good to be able to meet the first two standards of "faithfulness" (accuracy) and "fluency". Because the senior high school entrance examination requires literal translation of classical Chinese, it pays attention to the implementation of every word, especially the understanding of key words and the judgment of special sentence patterns.

Question 1: Test analysis: After Rabe's victory, he gave a good horse to Zhou Liwang, who was insatiable and listened to rumors, good or bad. Before giving the horse, Rui Ji advised him, but he didn't listen, which led to the crime of exile. Everyone has his own opinion on this question and discusses the answer from the perspective of criticizing Rabe. Comments: Talk about feelings according to the content of the article. For classical Chinese, the key is to read the content of the article, analyze the characters' practices on the basis of understanding the content of the article, and then talk about their own views according to the characters' practices.

9. Read the following classical Chinese and complete question 9- 13. B, roughly 10 D a will, adverb/whatever, adverb; B than, preposition /to, preposition; C then, the modal particles indicating instructions/instructions are not translated; However, d is a conjunction indicating a turning point.

In 1 1 group. C A, "being honest and straightforward" reflects his integrity; Group b is "insincere" and afraid of bringing disaster; Group D was "contemptuous and didn't listen", which showed its courage. 12.d Liu Ji vetoed the candidates for these prime ministers, not for personal purposes.

13 later. (1), Zhang Shicheng was destroyed, and the Central Plains invaded the North, so it became the great cause of emperors, and everything was carried out according to Liu Ji's plan. (3 points) (2) As a prime minister, the mind should be as flat as a bowl of water, taking justice as the standard of executive power without personal subjective opinions.

(3 points) (3) Liu Ji assisted Ming Taizu in unifying the world and was well informed. Nature is strong-willed, takes evil as enemy, and has many contradictions with people.

(3 points).