About geography ~ ~

1. Danube is a famous international river, and it is the river that flows through the country the most in the world. It originated in the eastern foot of Heilin Mountain, 679 meters above sea level in southwest Germany. It flows through Austria, Czech Republic, Slovakia, Hungary, Croatia, the former Yugoslavia, Bulgaria, Romania and Ukraine from west to east, and then flows into the Black Sea. With a total length of 2,860 kilometers, the Danube is the second longest river in Europe. The Danube meanders like a blue ribbon across Europe.

There are more than 300 tributaries along the Danube River, with a drainage area of 810.7 million square kilometers, which is larger than the Yellow River in China. The Danube has an average annual flow of 6,430 cubic meters per second, and the amount of water entering the sea is 203 cubic kilometers.

From the source to Vienna is the upper reaches of the Danube, where the Danube receives several tributaries of the melting snow in the Alps, and the water volume is greatly increased. Here, the scenery is beautiful and idyllic. From Vienna to Tiemen is the middle reaches of the river, where the river valley is generally wide, the riverbed slope is not big, the river channel is curved and there are many tributaries. In the Carpathian Mountains east of Belgrade, a canyon with a total length of1.30km has been formed, including Kasang Canyon and iron gate, which is rich in hydraulic resources. From below the iron gate to the estuary is the lower reaches of the river. The lower reaches of the river are wide and the water flow is stable, reaching 15 to 28 kilometers when approaching the estuary, and the shipping industry is very developed. The Danube Delta is rich in reeds (reeds are good raw materials for paper making). There are also a lot of birds and strange floating islands here, so scientists call it "the largest geological and biological laboratory in Europe".

There are many beautiful cities on both sides of the Danube. They are like bright pearls embedded in this blue ribbon.

Le Gensburg is the largest city in the upper reaches of the Danube. The natural environment here is beautiful, and there are ancient churches, villas and hotels everywhere. Now the machine building and electronic industry are also very developed. Vienna, the capital of Austria, is an upstream destination and a famous cultural city with a long history. The blue Danube slowly passes through the urban area, with beautiful mountains and rivers and beautiful scenery. The beautiful Vienna forest stretches in the suburbs, lush and tree-lined. Every June, a music festival is held here. Vienna has always enjoyed the reputation of "world famous music city". Bratislava, located in the middle reaches of the Danube, is the capital of Slovakia and one of the largest ports on the Danube route. It has been the main trade channel between northern and southern Europe since ancient times, and the Morava River joins the Danube here. Budapest, the capital of Hungary, is known as the "Pearl on the Danube". It consists of two cities, Buda on the west coast and Perth on the east coast, which are connected by eight beautiful bridges on the Danube. Buda is a mountainous city with hilly terrain, and many places of interest are concentrated in Castle Hill. Pace, with flat terrain, is a bustling business district and the seat of government agencies. Belgrade is the capital of the former Yugoslavia, located at the intersection of the Danube and sava river. The sparkling Danube River passes through the city and divides it into two parts. This is the plain in the middle reaches of the Danube, and it is known as the "barn". Galac, located in the lower reaches of the Danube, is a port city rebuilt on the ruins of World War II, and now it is the "steel capital" of Romania.

The Danube not only beautifies the homes of the people along the coast, but also provides them with a lot of electricity and convenient shipping. People along the coast are full of feelings for it and have been singing it for generations.

2. The world-famous Rhine River is the largest river in Western Europe, which originates from the northern foot of the Swiss Alps, flows through Liechtenstein, Austria, France, Germany and the Netherlands in the northwest, and finally flows into the North Sea near Rotterdam.

The Rhine River is 1 0,320 kilometers long, with abundant water throughout the year, with a navigation mileage of 886 kilometers from Basel, Switzerland. Many tributaries on both sides of the strait are connected with Danube and Rhone River through a series of canals, forming a water transport network extending in all directions. The Rhine River flows through major industrial areas in Europe and is densely populated. Germany's modern industrial zone Ruhr lies between its tributaries Ruhr and Lipper. Ruhr-gebiet has four industrial centers with a population of over 500,000, two of which are important towns along the Rhine River. Between the Ruhr River and the Lipper River, it is connected with the Rhine River through four artificially dug canals and 74 river ports, from which 7000 tons of seagoing ships can directly reach the North Sea. The Rhine waterway is like a expressway. Every once in a while, there is a milestone marked in kilometers. The Rhine River not only ensures the industrial water use in Ruhr area, but also provides important traffic conditions for Ruhr area. It is relying on this convenient transportation condition that a large number of iron ore and other mineral raw materials can be continuously transported here from abroad. The inland river shipping network between Ruhr-gebiet and the Netherlands is very busy, with ships coming and going every day. Just like the traffic on the street, the freight volume ranks among the top in the world.

On the upper reaches of the Rhine River, at the junction of northern Switzerland and Germany, there is a Rhine Waterfall with a width of 1 10 meter. Brave tourists can take a boat and follow the waves to the bottom of the waterfall. The middle reaches of the Rhine, from Bingen to Bonn, the capital of Germany, are deep and winding with magnificent scenery. Many ancient legends about the Rhine River happened here.