How many large satellite launch bases are there in China?

Xichang satellite launch center is located about 60 kilometers north of Xichang, actually in Mianning County, Liangshan Prefecture, but people used to call it Xichang Satellite Launch Base, also known as "Xichang Satellite City". 1970 was completed and 1982 was put into use. Under the General Armament Department of China People's Liberation Army, China's first satellite was launched from 1984 to 1. The satellite has been launched 28 times at home and abroad, and it is a space launch base that mainly undertakes the launch tasks of geosynchronous orbit satellites, and undertakes the test launch and application launch tasks of communication, broadcasting and meteorological satellites. The center consists of headquarters, launch site (technical area and two launch stations), communication terminal, command and control center, three tracking and measuring stations and other related life support units (hospitals, hotels, etc.). ). xichang satellite launch center is a new spacecraft launching site with the largest scale, the most advanced equipment and technology, the largest number of alien launching missions and the ability to launch multiple types of satellites in China. Among the three major satellite launch centers in China, the functions are relatively complete and the equipment is relatively perfect. It can launch both the Long March 3 series launch vehicle using cryogenic propellant and the bundled rocket with large carrying capacity. ..... China Jiuquan Satellite Launch Center is one of the three famous satellite launch bases in China. Since the establishment of 1958, the center has created eight impressive firsts in the development of China's space industry: April 2 1, 1970, where China's first artificial earth satellite rose; 1975165438+1October 26th, the first recoverable satellite was launched here. 1980 May 18, the first long-range launch vehicle flew from here to the scheduled airspace in the Pacific Ocean; 198 1 On September 20th, three satellites were sent into space by a rocket for the first time. At present, the scenic spots open to domestic tourists include: satellite launch site, command and control center, Long March II rocket, test center, field history museum of satellite launch center, revolutionary martyrs cemetery, Dongfeng Reservoir, Populus euphratica forest in the desert, etc. Wenchang Space Launch Center is located near Wenchang City, Hainan Province, China, with geographical coordinates of1919' 00 "north latitude and18" east longitude109 48' 00.15 ". It is the former test base for China to launch suborbital rockets (such as ballistic missiles). Now it is being expanded and will become the fourth satellite launch center in People's Republic of China (PRC). Because the latitude of this place is low, only 19 degrees from the equator, the centrifugal force generated by the earth's rotation can make the rocket load more items. Construction is for the future development of China's space industry. The center will be used to launch the heavy Long March 5 series rockets under development. The purpose of building a new space launch site is to adapt to the sustainable development strategy of China's space industry and meet the needs of a new generation of non-toxic and pollution-free launch vehicles and new spacecraft launch missions. After completion, it will mainly undertake the launching tasks of spacecraft such as geosynchronous orbit satellites, large-mass polar orbit satellites, large-tonnage space stations and deep space exploration satellites.

Hainan Island is the lowest land latitude and the closest island to the equator in China. The closer the rocket launch site is to the equator, the lower the latitude. When launching satellites, we can make full use of the centrifugal force of the earth's rotation, so the energy consumption required is lower and the speed that can be achieved with the same fuel is faster. It is said that launching a geosynchronous satellite in Hainan can improve the carrying capacity by 10% to 15% compared with launching a rocket in Xichang, and the service life of the satellite can be extended by more than two years. At the same time, the launch base is selected in Hainan, and the rocket can be transported by land and water, so the size of the rocket is not limited by the railway (the maximum diameter of the components of the Long March II series can only be limited to 3.5 meters due to the limitation of railway transportation). In addition, the rocket launched from Hainan Island is in the vast sea area within the launching direction of 1000 km, and the falling debris is not easy to cause accidents. Taiyuan Satellite Launch Center was established in 1967. At present, a modern launch site with multiple functions and multiple launch modes has been built, which integrates command and control, TT&C communication and integrated support system. The comprehensive space launch capability has jumped from 1 launch mission per year to high-density rocket and satellite launch missions above 10 per year. The center has successfully launched China's first sun-synchronous orbit meteorological satellite Fengyun-1, the first China-Pakistan satellite resource-1 and the first marine resource exploration satellite, creating nine firsts in the history of satellite launch in China.