Want to know about the United Arab Emirates ~ ~

Country name: United Arab Emirates

United Arab Emirates.

It covers an area of 83,600 square kilometers (including coastal islands).

The population is 465,438+million (2005), with foreigners accounting for 80%, mainly from India, Pakistan, Egypt, Syria, Palestine and other countries. Most residents believe in Islam, mostly Sunnis; Arabic is the official language and English is widely used. The main language is Arabic, and Persian is popular in coastal cities.

The capital is Abu Dhabi.

Head of State Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan was elected in June 2004.

National Day: 65438+ February 2nd.

Brief situation

Located in the eastern Arabian Peninsula, bordering the Persian Gulf to the north, the coastline is 734 kilometers long. It borders Qatar in the northwest, Saudi Arabia in the west and south, and Oman in the east and northeast. Except for the easternmost part of Mount Hajar, the rest of the territory is low-level desert. Yiwa Oasis, Ain Oasis and so on. The climate is dry and hot, and the annual precipitation is about 75 mm, only in mountainous areas. It has a tropical desert climate. It is hot and humid in summer (May-65438+1October), the temperature is 40-50℃, and it is 7-20℃ in winter (165438+1October-April of the following year), with occasional sandstorms. The average precipitation is about 100 mm, mostly concentrated in1-February.

It belonged to the Arab Empire in the 7th century. /kloc-Since the 6th century, colonialists such as Portugal, the Netherlands and France have invaded one after another. /kloc-At the beginning of the 9th century, Britain invaded the Persian Gulf, forcing seven local Emirates to sign a "permanent armistice treaty" with it on 1820. Since then, the emirate has gradually become a British protectorate. 1 971March1day, Britain announced that the treaty signed with the Emirates would be terminated at the end of the year. On February 2, 65438, the United Arab Emirates was proclaimed. A federal state consists of seven Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al Khaimah, Fujairah, Umm Qaiwan and Ajman.

The Federal Supreme Political Council, composed of seven chiefs, is the highest authority. Major policy issues at home and abroad are discussed and decided by the Committee, which formulates national policies, examines the federal budget and approves laws and treaties. The President and Vice President are elected from the members of the Supreme Council for a term of five years. The president is also the commander-in-chief of the armed forces. Apart from the relative unification of foreign affairs and national defense, all Emirates have considerable independence and autonomy. Federal funds are basically borne by Abu Dhabi and Dubai.

In 2006, the political situation in Afghanistan was stable, and the national economy was actively developed internally to realize economic diversification; Actively engage in foreign exchanges, focus on strengthening relations with Gulf countries and other Arab countries, and play a unique role in regional and international affairs.

Constitution197 18 July 200818, the Federal Supreme Council adopted an interim constitution, which came into effect on February 3 of the same year, and it has been 25 years since then. 1In June 1996, the Federal Supreme Council passed a resolution to make the interim constitution permanent and determined Abu Dhabi as the permanent capital of the United Arab Emirates.

Parliament The Federal National Council, also known as the National Consultative Conference, was established in 1972, and is responsible for discussing the bills proposed by the Cabinet meeting and proposing amendments. In August 2006, the United Arab Emirates promulgated a new parliamentary election law, stipulating that the number of members of the Federal National Assembly is 40, of which 20 are directly appointed by chiefs and 20 are elected by chiefs. 1 1 In June, Albania held national assembly elections, which was regarded as an important step on the road to democratic reform. In February 2007, Abdul Aziz Griri was elected as the new speaker of the Albanian National Assembly.

The seventh government was formed in February 2006, with 23 members. Main members: Vice President, Prime Minister and Minister of National Defense Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum and Deputy Prime Minister Sultan Bin Zayed Al Nahyan. Deputy Prime Minister Hamdan bin Zayed Al Nahyan, Minister of Finance and Industry Hamdan bin Rashed Al Allermark Tum and Foreign Minister Abdullah bin Zayed Al Nahyan.

The administrative division consists of seven Emirates: Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah, Ras Al-Khaimah, Ajman, Fujairah and Umm al-Qaiwan.

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Khalifa Bin Zayed Al Nahyan: President. Born in 1948, he is the eldest son of Zayed, the first president of the United Arab Emirates. 1 969 February1was appointed Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi. 1976 served as deputy commander-in-chief of the federal armed forces in May. Kazakhstan is also chairman of the Supreme Petroleum Council of Abu Dhabi, chairman of the Abu Dhabi Investment Authority and chairman of the Abu Dhabi Development Foundation. On June 2, 2004, President Zayed died of illness. On June 3, 2004, Kazakhstan succeeded Sheikh Abu Dhabi. On June 3, 2004, Kazakhstan was elected as the new president by the Federal Supreme Council.

Mohammed bin Rashid Al Maktoum: Vice President and Prime Minister, Minister of Defence and Dubai Chief. Born in 1948. 1990 served as the Federal Minister of Defence, and 1995 was appointed Crown Prince of Dubai. 6543810.5, Mu became the vice president and prime minister of Afghanistan and the chief of Dubai.

Tsukiji

Mainly in petroleum production and petrochemical industry. While developing the petrochemical industry, the government takes developing diversified businesses, expanding trade and increasing the proportion of non-oil income in GDP as its primary task, and strives to develop industries such as cement, aluminum smelting, plastic products, building materials, clothing and food processing, and attaches importance to the development of agriculture, animal husbandry and fisheries. Make full use of all kinds of financial resources, focus on developing cultural, educational and health undertakings, and continue to complete and expand existing projects under construction. In recent years, we have vigorously developed the "new economy" and "knowledge economy" with information technology as the core. Oasis grows dates, vegetables and fruits. Coastal residents are mainly engaged in commerce, fishing and pearl picking. Some residents are engaged in nomadism, raising sheep and camels.

Exports mainly include oil, which is one of the important oil exporters in the world, as well as pearls and dried fish; Imported food, etc.

Main economic data (2006):

The GDP is 6543.8 USD+062.2 billion USD.

The per capita GDP is $36,000.

The GDP growth rate is 10%

The inflation rate is 6%

Exchange rate 1 USD = 3.66 dirhams.

$25 billion in foreign exchange reserves

Oil and natural gas resources are very rich. The proven oil reserves are 654.38+0.3 billion tons, accounting for 9.5% of the world's total oil reserves, ranking fifth in the world. Natural gas reserves are 6.06 trillion cubic meters, ranking fifth in the world.

Industry is mainly petrochemical industry. In addition, there are natural gas liquefaction, aluminum smelting, plastic products, building materials, clothing and food processing industries. Among the employees in industrial projects, UAE only accounts for 65,438+0%. Therefore, the government began to implement the "nationalization of employment" plan to increase the proportion of domestic employment.

Agriculture, animal husbandry, forestry and fishery agriculture are underdeveloped. The output value of agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry in UAE accounts for 2.4% of GDP. China has 320,000 hectares of arable land and 270,000 hectares of arable land. The main agricultural products are dates, corn, vegetables and lemons. Food depends on imports. At present, there are 5 19 1 fishing boats and 7264 fishermen in the UAE. Fishery products and date palms can meet domestic demand. The scale of animal husbandry is very small, and the main meat products depend on imports. In recent years, the government has adopted a policy of encouraging agriculture, providing farmers with seeds, fertilizers and interest-free loans free of charge, underwriting all agricultural products and ensuring farmers' income, and Afghanistan's agriculture has developed to some extent.

There are no railways in the traffic area, but modern expressway connects the Emirates.

Highway: The total length is about 3 1, 7 1km, and there are about 345,000 cars.

Water transportation: port 15, with 308 docks (total length 45km). The annual cargo throughput is 700 million tons. Port Rashid in Dubai is the second largest deepwater port in the Middle East.

Air transportation: There are 6 international airports including Abu Dhabi and Dubai, and 10 helicopter airport. In 2005, the passenger flow exceeded 22 million. In the competitive ranking of global airlines, Emirates ranks first among Arab countries. Albania has signed bilateral aviation agreements with 82 countries, including China, and 65,438+009 airlines from all over the world have regular flights to Albanian airports.

Communication: Afghanistan has 6.5438+200,000 telephones, 3.3 million mobile phones and 297,000 Internet users. The satellite communication network connects more than 654.38+065.438+08 countries.

The banking industry in Afghanistan is developed, with 328 domestic banks and 109 foreign banks. Foreign exchange is unrestricted, currency is free to enter and leave the country, and the exchange rate is stable. The financial revenue of the federal government comes from the oil or trade income of the Emirates. The government budget revenue and expenditure in 2005 are as follows (unit: US$ 1 billion):

Total income 6 1.9

Total expenditure 6 1.9

Red word 0

Foreign Trade 1995, UAE joins the World Trade Organization. Afghanistan has trade relations with 179 countries and regions. Foreign trade plays an important role in the economy. A mainly exports petroleum, natural gas, petrochemical products, aluminum ingots and a small amount of local products; Mainly importing grain, machinery and consumer goods.

In 2006, foreign trade continued to have a surplus, as follows (unit: US$ 1 billion):

The total foreign trade is $224 billion.

Imports amounted to $83.6 billion.

Exports were $6,543.8+$040.4 billion.

Foreign aid 197 1 Abu Dhabi Arab Fund for Economic Development (19931renamed Abu Dhabi Development Fund) was established in July to provide assistance to Arab countries and developing countries in Asia and Africa by means of loans, grants and technical assistance. In June 2002, 5438+ 10, the United Arab Emirates announced that it would provide $30 million for post-war reconstruction in Afghanistan. Since 2000, the United Arab Emirates Red Crescent Society's assistance to Palestine has reached 36 million US dollars. On June 5438+ 10, 2003, Albania announced at the aid conference in Madrid, Spain that it would provide 225 million US dollars of humanitarian aid to Iraq.

In 2006, the per capita GDP was $36,000. The per capita income ranks among the highest in the world, and a free medical system is implemented for citizens. * * * There are 30 public hospitals, 1 15 health centers, 4,473 beds, 2,350 doctors, 380 dentists, 6,250 nurses and 20 private hospitals.

Military1May, 1976 10, the Federal Supreme Council decided to unify the armies of the Emirates and set up the General Command of the Armed Forces, with the Federal President as the Commander-in-Chief of the Armed Forces. Implement a voluntary military service system.

The total strength is 56,500. Among them, there are about 45,000 people in the army, and they are organized into a royal bodyguard brigade, an armored brigade, two mechanized infantry brigades, four infantry brigades and an artillery brigade. There are 2,500 naval personnel and 2/kloc-0 warships of various types, with Abu Dhabi as the main base. The air force has 4,000 people (including the aviation wing of the police force), 4 combat squadrons, 196 combat aircraft and 50 armed helicopters. And 54 thousand police. Weapons and equipment mainly come from France and the United States, and it is the only country in the Gulf that mainly uses French equipment. 30% of the soldiers in the armed forces are from their own countries, and the rest are mainly from Oman, Pakistan and other countries. Most of the teachers are British and Pakistani.

Education countries attach importance to the development of education and the cultivation of their own scientific and technological talents, and implement a free education system. The country is committed to literacy, and has established the 1 10 literacy center. There are 76 1 public schools and 420 private schools of all kinds, with 575,000 students and more than 24,000 teachers. In the 2003/2004 academic year, there were 34,265,438+03 college students, including 65,438+07,000 from UAE University, 265,438+024 from Zayed University and 65,438+05,089 from Higher Technical College.

The main newspapers and periodicals published are: United Daily News (Arabic) and Abu Dhabi Semi-official Daily, with a circulation of 55,000; Declaration (Arabic), Dubai semi-official daily, with a circulation of 50,000 copies; Gulf newspaper (Arabic), published privately in Sharjah, with a circulation of 58,000 copies; Gulf Times (English), published privately in Dubai, with a circulation of 450,000 copies. In addition, there are Gulf News and Gulf Today magazine.

UAE News Agency is a national news agency directly under the Ministry of Information and Culture. 1976165438+10 was established in October. There are resident journalists in major cities in China, as well as London, Paris, Washington, new york, Moscow, Tokyo, Cairo, Tunisia and Beirut. Published in Arabic and English.

There are four radio stations in the UAE, namely Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Umm al-Qaiwan and Ras Al-Khaimah, and eight television stations in Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Sharjah and Arabia. Radio Abu Dhabi broadcasts 37 hours a day in Arabic, English, French and Urdu. The news programs of Arabiya TV are broadcast in Arabic for 24 hours. In addition, there is a satellite ground receiving station.

Foreign relations follow a foreign policy of neutrality, good neighborliness and non-alignment. It advocates the settlement of disputes through peaceful consultations and the maintenance of world peace. While strengthening relations with the United States and other western countries, we attach importance to developing relations with Arab, Islamic, non-aligned and other third world countries. Advocating strengthening unity and cooperation among GCC countries. Albania has established diplomatic relations with 146 countries so far.

Stand on major issues

On the reform of the United Nations: support all-round reform of the United Nations, including the Security Council. It advocates increasing the representation of Islamic countries (including Arab countries) in the Security Council. Emphasizes that the reform plan should be fully negotiated by all Member States to reach an understanding; Disagree with setting a time limit for reform and force a vote.

On the security of the Gulf region: actively committed to the security and stability of the Gulf region, advocated strengthening the unity and coordination of the six countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council, and actively promoted the process of economic integration and cooperation among the six countries; Call on all countries in the Gulf region to peacefully resolve their differences through dialogue on the basis of equality, mutual benefit and non-interference in each other's internal affairs, so as to safeguard the security and stability of the Gulf region.

On the Middle East issue: support the Palestinian people's struggle to restore their legitimate national rights and establish an independent Palestinian state, recognize the Palestinian state and support the Middle East peace process. Call on the international community to urge Israel to abide by the "Road Map for Middle East Peace" and resume peace talks with Palestine.

On the Iraq issue, it advocates safeguarding Iraq's sovereignty and territorial integrity, and calls for ending foreign occupation of Iraq as soon as possible and restoring Iraq's stability. It is believed that the United Nations should play a major role in the reconstruction of Iraq. During and after the Iraq war, Albania provided a lot of humanitarian assistance to Iraq and cooperated with Germany to train the army and police for Iraq. At the International Conference on Assistance to Iraq held in Madrid in 2003, Albania promised to provide Iraq with a humanitarian donation of 265,438,500 US dollars.

On the issue of counter-terrorism: condemn all forms of terrorism. Oppose double standards on anti-terrorism issues. Oppose linking terrorism with Islam, and oppose discrimination and harm to Arabs and Muslims. It is emphasized that terrorism should be distinguished from the people's struggle against occupation. Afghanistan enacted the anti-terrorism law in 2004.

Festival name: Eid al-Fitr

Activity features: People enjoy a big meal, their daily life returns to normal, and they can eat during the day.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: 65438+1October 10.

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Name of Festival: Muslim New Year

Activity features: On Muslim New Year's Day, a large number of Muslims will go to the mosque, and the mosque on that day is also beautifully decorated.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: April 7.

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Name of Festival: Muhammad's Birthday

Activity features: On the birthday of religious leader Muhammad, people will go to worship on a large scale.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: June 16

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Name of Festival: National Day

Features: There will be large-scale official celebrations, spontaneous folk celebrations and religious ceremonies.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: 65438+February 2.

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Festival name: the first day of fasting

Activity features: religious ceremony, but full meal, waiting for the arrival of fasting.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: 65438+February 10

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Festival name: UAE Army Day

Activity features: The official has a large-scale military parade, which is very special.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: 65438+February 10

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Festival name: camel race

Activity features: attract hundreds of camels to compete for valuable prizes, and reward the best camels, whether they are camels or breeders. Camel racing has become the most popular ornamental sport in this country.

Venue: Abu Dhabi

Festival date: from time to time

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Festival name: the anniversary of the founding of the United Arab Emirates federal government

Activity features: The whole country celebrates the achievements of economic construction, and festivals and promotions are held one after another in various places, showing that the UAE is still a prosperous scene.

Location: the whole country

Festival date: 65438+February 1.

Time difference with Beijing

—4:00

country code

97 1