I still know the Golden Triangle because of city hunters. Ask for the introduction of the golden triangle.

The Golden Triangle refers to a triangle located in the border area of Thailand, Myanmar and Laos in Southeast Asia. Because this area is rich in opium and other drugs for a long time, it is the main drug producing area in the world, which makes the Golden Triangle famous in the world. The scope of the "Golden Triangle" generally includes Shan State, Kachin State in northern Myanmar, Chiang Rai Province in Thailand, Langnanta Province, Fengshali Province and Udomsai Province in northern chiang mai and western Luang Prabang Province, with more than 3, villages and towns.

Regional location

Located at the junction of Myanmar, Laos and Thailand in Southeast Asia, the Thai government erected an archway engraved with the words "Golden Triangle" at the junction of these three countries, so this area is called "Golden Triangle".

Geomorphological features

The traffic here is blocked and the mountains are overlapping, with a total area of about 15,-2, square kilometers. The ups and downs of the mountains form a three-dimensional climate, and people at the foot of the mountain are extremely hot. At that time, people at the top of the mountain may have to surround the fire pit to resist the cold. Relatively speaking, the natural conditions in high-altitude areas are relatively poor, and people's lives are more difficult.

Climatic environment

The average altitude in this area is 15-3 meters, with fertile land and warm and humid climate. Long-term sunshine in the subtropical zone of the Golden Triangle makes there enough sunshine to promote the growth of all kinds of plants. The change of monsoon belt in Southeast Asia makes it form dry and wet seasons. In summer, the southwest monsoon brings a lot of moist and hot water from the sea to form wet season when there is abundant rainfall, and in the east, the dry and cold monsoon belt in the north forms dry season. This periodic change regulates the rhythm of local creatures.

The climate with long sunshine, low latitude and high humidity in Southeast Asia is very easy for the growth and reproduction of animals and plants, which in turn forms a unique local rainforest climate, resulting in the biodiversity here.

Ecological River

The Mekong River is another important geographical reason for the formation of the "Golden Triangle". It flows straight south from Qinghai in the northwest of China and passes through six countries, namely China, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand, Vietnam and Cambodia. The 49-kilometer river cuts off the mountains in Southeast Asia, and with numerous deep valleys and swift tributaries between the mountains, countless canyons and cliffs are formed, forming a large area. Due to the above special geographical reasons, the Golden Triangle area has less economic and cultural ties with developed areas, and it is difficult for the central authorities of relevant countries to control the golden triangle period deeply or effectively for a long time.

However, the favorable climatic conditions for crop production, combined with the particularity and complexity of topography, landforms and geographical climate, have created an excellent place for the survival and reproduction of many ethnic groups in this region, as well as various separatist forces, regional forces or ethnic armed forces. What is even more unimaginable is that this backward and narrow corner is constantly emitting the energy that corrodes civilized society and stubbornly announcing its existence to the world. Complicated geography, numerous nationalities and deformed forces have created an excellent stage for all kinds of mysterious stories staged here.

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Drug trade

The Golden Triangle is rich in poppies, and it is famous all over the world through local warlords and drug lords who manufacture opium, heroin and other drugs. The Golden Triangle region and the Golden Crescent region on the border of Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan, and the Silver Triangle region on the border of Colombia and Venezuela are also called the three major drug sources in the world.

planting history

from the end of 19th century to the beginning of 2th century, Britain, America, France and other countries successively went to this area to teach planting, refining and selling techniques, and acquired opium. The first opium production climax was formed here in Khun Sa, a drug Lord in the 2th century, in the 195s, followed by the "golden age" in the 196s, and the output rose from dozens of tons to around 2 tons. By the early 198s, the opium production reached its peak.

Drug production

The core area of the Golden Triangle region is the junction of Myanmar, Thailand and Laos. However, under the strong anti-drug offensive of the Thai government, most of the drug producing areas were transferred to Myanmar. The Golden Triangle area is the world's largest producer of opium and heroin, with a planting area of over 1 million mu, with an annual output of 2,65 to 2,8 tons of opium and about 2 tons of heroin. It is a relatively recognized saying that the Golden Triangle is the source of 2% of the world's opium supply, but the heroin trafficked through the Golden Triangle accounts for 6%-7% of the world's total every year, and the annual production capacity of heroin in this area can meet the global heroin consumption for two years.

Drug lords

There were many famous drug lords in this area in the 2th century. For a long time, there have been many anti-government armed forces and other drug armed forces, so it is also called "adventurer's paradise". Such as Khun Sa, Luo Xinghan and Peng Jiasheng. In order to produce and sell drugs, these drug lords organized a group of well-equipped local armed forces to openly compete with the central governments such as Myanmar and Thailand.

In the past, the local forces that produced the most drugs in Myanmar were: Kokang in the First Special Zone and Wa State in the Second Special Zone, etc. These places were actually controlled by the local warlord Golden Triangle forces, but they still surrendered to the Central Military Government of Myanmar, and they had great autonomy rights, which also facilitated their own supply and trafficking of drugs.

from the late 197s to the early 198s, as the armies of Myanmar and Thailand stepped up their attacks on Kunsa Group, a number of poppy cultivation fields were destroyed. At the same time, the United Nations Fund for Drug Abuse Control allocated special funds to implement the policy of replacing grain and coffee with poppy cultivation in the "Golden Triangle" area. In a period of time, it has achieved results, and the output of opium poppy has fallen sharply, making the "Golden Crescent" in Central Asia once replace the Golden Triangle and become the world's largest opium production base.

However, since 1986, poppy production in the "Golden Triangle" has been rapidly restored and developed, and the output has increased sharply, greatly exceeding the historical record and once again becoming the number one opium production base in the world.

The heroin trafficked through the "Golden Triangle" region accounts for 6% ~ 7% of the world total every year, and the annual production capacity of heroin in this region can meet the global demand of heroin consumption for two years. In January 1996, the armed forces led by Kunsa surrendered to the government. However, drug production in this area has not stopped, and it is still the second largest opium producing area in the world after the "Golden Crescent".

It was not until 25 that the parties concerned in the "Golden Triangle" announced the cessation of poppy cultivation and the large-scale transformation of rice, vegetables and sugarcane production. In 26, the public security anti-drug department of Yunnan Province measured by satellite remote sensing monitoring and other means that the area planted with opium poppy in the "Golden Triangle" area was about 2, mu. The poppy cultivation area in the "Golden Triangle" area has dropped to the lowest point in 1 years.

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Special Economic Zones

The present situation of special zones

The Laos Golden Triangle Special Economic Zone was formally established on September 9, 29 with the approval of the Lao government. The Golden Triangle Special Economic Zone is the first "enterprise overseas" special zone in the world, with a high degree of autonomy except for national defense, the schematic diagram of the Golden Triangle Special Economic Zone and judicial power.

The Golden Triangle Special Zone now has thousands of people, many of whom are Hong Kong's "Asia Times" also said that in the fair market in Bojiao province, it is common to see China cars coming and going without a license.

development plan

according to the local development plan, the Golden Triangle Special Economic Zone will become a big city with a capacity of 2, people in the future, and high-end entertainment facilities such as casinos, luxury hotels, golf courses and karaoke bars will become important profit growth points in this area. Among them, casinos mainly attract gamblers from China and Thailand, because gambling is illegal in these two countries. According to the website of "Diplomatic Scholars", the overall facilities of the Golden Triangle Special Zone are expected to be fully completed in 22, with a total cost of more than 2.25 billion US dollars. By then, the expressway across the Golden Triangle will pass through Laos from Yunnan, China, and reach the Thai border directly.

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Tourist attractions

Messai Town

Also known as "Sleeping Beauty", it is the northernmost town in Thailand. There is only one main street from south to north in Meisai Town, which is actually the last section of the expressway from Chiang Mai to Chiang Rai and then to Meisai, ending at the stone bridge on the Thai-Myanmar border. On both sides of the street are rows of shops, many of which are run by Chinese and sell daily necessities, handicrafts and local products in Thailand and Myanmar.

there is a hill dozens of meters to the west of the street, and you can reach the top by climbing more than 1 steps. On the top, there is a Wat Phra That Doi Wao (Pata Duwo Temple) and a viewing building. Climbing the viewing tower, you can have a panoramic view of Messay Town, Messay River and Thachilek (tachilek Town) in Myanmar.

At the end (north) of the main street is the Messai River, and on the other side of the river is tachilek Town in Myanmar. The river is connected by a stone bridge, and there is a memorial archway of "the northernmost point" at the bridge head. Residents of the two countries can enter each other's territory for 5 kilometers without a visa. Both places have lively and prosperous markets, attracting a large number of residents from Thailand and Myanmar to buy and sell here.

Because Myanmar is rich in jade, there are a large number of shops and stalls selling jade in Meisai. At the same time, Meisai is also a jade trading center in northern Thailand. In addition, because it is located in the traffic point of the northern border of Thailand, Messay is also a must-see place for tourists to travel to the Golden Triangle and Qingsheng.

tachilek Town

tachilek Town and Meisai Town in Myanmar face each other across the river and are connected by a stone bridge. Residents of the two places can freely travel to and from a certain range for border trade or sightseeing. If foreign tourists want to go shopping and sightseeing in tachilek Town, Myanmar, they need to submit their valid passports, photocopies of passports, 3 photos and some US dollars to go through the formalities of "one-day transit tour" at the checkpoint on the Thai border or through a local travel agency.

In addition, you have to pay a visa fee of US$ 15 when you enter the Myanmar border and leave your passport (the passport will be picked up with a receipt when the tourists return), and the scope of activities must be in tachilek town. If you are not interested in Myanmar temples around tachilek Town, or if you are more knowledgeable and go to Myanmar to buy jade, don't go.

qingsheng county

was founded by Ranatai dynasty in 659. It was once an independent small country, and was invaded and ruled by Myanmar for 25 years. It was not until the ancestor of today's Wang Dynasty, Zhao Pai, defeated the Burmese army that Qingsheng was recaptured.

There are still ruins of the old city wall and many historical sites in the local area, and there is a' Qingsheng Museum', which is a branch of the National Museum of Thailand, displaying all kinds of ancient Buddha statues in the heyday and the customs, cultural relics and antiques of ethnic minorities in northern Thailand.

Qingsheng, because it is located at the junction of Thailand, Myanmar and Laos, used to be a distribution center for opium poppy, from which all kinds of drugs in the Golden Triangle went south to Thailand and then were transported to all parts of the world. Nowadays, Qingsheng has become a famous tourist area, and local residents have given up planting poppies and planted other crops. However, it seems that local residents still have the tradition of smoking opium.

Golden Triangle

The golden triangle in a broad sense refers to a three-no-care zone at the junction of Thailand, Laos and Myanmar; In a narrow sense, the Golden Triangle refers to the delta where the Mekong River meets the Meisai River. As a symbol of the Golden Triangle in Thailand, the famous Golden Triangle archway is located in Sobruak village near the ancient city of Qingsheng. It is located between Meisai Town and Qingsheng Town, 6 kilometers away from Meisai and 11 kilometers away from Qingsheng, facing Myanmar and Laos across the river.

Because it is located in a mountainous area, with unique landforms, lush forests and beautiful scenery, and because Myanmar and Laos are closed to the outside world, it adds to the mystery of this place. The Golden Triangle was once famous for its opium production, and 8% of the world's opium came from it. Now, the Golden Triangle has become a famous tourist destination in northern Thailand, attracting countless tourists every year. The golden triangle archway is made of marble and is 4 meters high. It is engraved with the words "Golden Triangle" in Thai and English. There are tourist souvenir shops, jade jewelry stores and restaurants all around, selling all kinds of special goods, such as mountain ethnic costumes in Thailand, jewelry and jade in Myanmar and mountain treasures in Laos. Shop assistants usually wear ethnic costumes, which shows the unique ethnic customs in northern Thailand, and the goods are also very memorable.

Mesle Village

Mesle Village is located on Mesle Mountain, about 6 kilometers north of Qinglaixi and about 13 meters above sea level. The village is mainly inhabited by soldiers and their descendants of the former Kuomintang 93rd Division who fled here in 1949 and settled with the approval of the Thai government, and some immigrants from the southwest of China. The villagers have retained a strong lifestyle and style of the Han nationality in China, making it the largest Chinese village in northern Thailand.

meisler village is located in the high mountains, with mild and humid climate, misty all year round, beautiful trees, blooming flowers and pleasant scenery, so it is also called "Little Switzerland". After years of development, Meisile Village has relatively perfect tourism and commercial facilities, and now it has become another popular tourist spot in northern Thailand.

The history and characters of Meisile Village have a long history with Chinese mainland and Taiwan Province. Aside from politics, judging from its historical track, it is undoubtedly an epic struggle history that reflects the Chinese people's struggle for survival and development.