Modern architecture of Gulangyu tourist area

Before the Opium War, Gulangyu Island was a sparsely populated desert island for a long time. It was not until the Song and Yuan Dynasties that the name of "round sandbar" appeared, and it was not until the Ming Dynasty that the name of "Gulangyu" began to be used. Most of the islands are semi-fishing and semi-farming, and most of the original houses are very simple houses. The primitive houses in the southern Fujian triangle naturally affect the houses in Gulangyu. Therefore, before foreigners entered Gulangyu Island, the houses on the island were no different from those in the Golden Triangle (Xiamen, Zhangzhou and Quanzhou) along the coast of southern Fujian. This form can still be seen in some well-preserved villages. Even on the modern Gulangyu Island, there are ancient residential buildings with two entrances and four exits.

1843-1the appearance of western architecture in 902. From the late Ming and early Qing dynasties to the Opium War, the architecture of Gulangyu began to change. After Xiamen became a trading port, foreign colonists came to Gulangyu to settle or stay temporarily. Gulangyu became their first choice for land development. Gulangyu Island has excellent geographical, climatic and scenic conditions and is very suitable for living. Up to now, 90% of the buildings in Gulangyu are residential buildings. When foreigners get their hands on Gulangyu Island, they first rent out houses and exercise the power to manage churches, schools and hospitals. After their strength developed and they were able to gain a foothold, they gradually established church schools, church hospitals, churches, holy education bureaus and consulates. Of course, the number of residential buildings such as luxury houses and villas is the largest. A large number of overseas Chinese who went abroad to make a living in the early days also returned to their ancestral home in southern Fujian after their successful careers, chose Gulangyu as the best place to stay, and invested in Gulangyu one after another and built many independent houses. Many buildings are very large in scale, surpassing foreigners, and the cost is very expensive. They often choose the best building materials and construction techniques. On Gulangyu Island, many such large independent palaces have been transformed into public buildings by the government.

After liberation, the Municipal People's Government and Gulangyu District Government took over some large buildings. After renovation and decoration, some public places took on a new look. For example, the huge "White House" building forest and the "Bagua Building" of Shou were changed into Gulangyu Organ Museum. Many large-scale mansions and villas were inadvertently created, and after several intentional transformations, they were transformed into buildings that fit their shape and function, becoming meaningful landmarks on Gulangyu Island.

About 70% of Gulangyu Island was built from the early 20th century to the 1930s. In addition to foreigners and overseas Chinese buildings, local soldiers and civilians also built houses. Some local celebrities and wealthy families often ask foreign designers to design drawings, or apply ready-made drawings, or imitate the surrounding houses. The houses built are often large in scale, beautifully decorated and exquisitely made. In addition to residential buildings, some overseas Chinese have also invested in many public utility buildings, set up construction companies, set up some construction teams, and developed and built many blocks and stores. Famous overseas Chinese industrialists Huang, Huang Zhongxun and others have invested heavily in developing real estate, building houses and selling houses, and setting up telephone and telegraph companies, waterworks, docks and other public utilities in Gulangyu. Before the Anti-Japanese War, the buildings in Gulangyu Island were patchy and varied. During War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression and the War of Liberation, some buildings were damaged to varying degrees. Haitanggou

Gulangyu gospel chapel

Different from the above-mentioned scenic spots, most of these old houses are private houses, and a few are business hotels, which are not open to tourists.

Linjia (Bajiaolou): Located at Lujiao Road 1 1- 19. The original owner Banqiao Linerga. The Lin family's annex collapsed in May 2006.

The British Consulate is located at Lujiao Road 14.

Japanese Consulate: Located at No.26 Lujiao Road.

Catholic Church: Located at No.34 Lujiao Road, it was built at 19 16. For gothic architecture.

US Consulate: Located at No.26 Sanming Road. Now it is a hotel.

Fanpo Mansion: located at No.36 Anhai Road, built at 1927. The original owner allowed overseas Chinese to go to the Philippines.

Yangjiayuan: No.4 Kuanhai Road to No.27-29 Gu Xin Road. Built in 19 13.

Bagua Building: Located at No.43, Gu Xin Road. Built in 1907. It is the landmark building of Gulangyu Island. The original owner was Lin Heshou, the cousin of the Lin family. It is Xiamen Museum and Organ Museum.

Shipbuilding: Located at No.48 Gu Xin Road. The original owner, Dr. Huang Dabi.

Official residence of HSBC manager: located at No.57 Gu Xin Road. Built in 1876.

Linwu: Located at No.82 Quanzhou Road. The original owner Lin Zhenxun.

Jingualou: Located at No.99 Quanzhou Road. The original owner was Huang Cimin, an overseas Chinese in the Philippines.

Guan Hai Villa: Located at No.0/7, Tianwei Road. Established in 19 18. It turned out to be the manager's apartment of Dabei telegraph office in Denmark.

Trinity Hall: Located at the entrance of Bishan Mountain. Built in 1934.

Yiyuan Garden: Located at No.24 Fujian Road. The original owner is the poet Lin Henian.

Huang Rongyuan Hall: Located at No.32, Fujian Road. The original owner was Shi Guang and Huang Zhongxun, overseas Chinese in the Philippines. Built in 1920. Now it is Xiamen Vocational College of Performing Arts.

Structure of begonia field: located at No.42 Fujian Road. Built in the 1920s. The original owners were Huang Xiuxuan, an overseas Chinese in the Philippines, and his fellow countryman Huang.

Baijia Mountain Villa: Located on Fuxing Road, the original owner is Bai Dengbi.

Liao Jia Villa: Located at No.44 Zhangzhou Road, the original owner is Liao Cuifeng. 1965438+In August 2009, Lin Yutang and Liao Cuifeng, the young lady of the landlord's family, got married here.

Bird's eye view villa: located at No.71Yongchun Road. Established in 19 18. The original owner Huang Zhongxun. 1949, the bird's eye villa was renovated as Chiang Kai-shek's "Hangyuan". Later, due to the rapid changes in the situation, Chiang Kai-shek only stayed here for one night on July 23. 1962, Guo Moruo wrote Zheng Chenggong's script here. This building is now the library of Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall.

Xilin Villa: located at No.73 Yongchun Road, built at 1926. Now it is the Zheng Chenggong Memorial Hall.

Pu 'an: It is located at Jishan Road 16, originally owned by pianist Yin Chengzong.

Rongrong Valley: Located at No.7 Qishan Road, the original owner is Li Qingquan.

Huangjia Garden: Located at No.25 Huangyan Road, it was built between 19 18 and 1923, and the original owner "Indonesian Sugar King" Huang also lived here. In 1950s, it was the "State Guesthouse" of Xiamen Municipal Government, and once hosted Deng Xiaoping, Nixon, Lee Kuan Yew and other national dignitaries.

Public trial hall: located at Bishan Road 1-3.

Lin Wenqing Villa: No.5 Bishan Road. The original owner was Lin Wenqing, a Singaporean overseas Chinese.

Guancai Building: Located at No.6 Bishan Road.

Family Villa: Located at No.9 Bishan Road, it was originally owned by Vietnamese overseas Chinese Xu Jian and was built in the 1920s.

Chuncaotang: It is located at Bishan Road 17. The original owner was Xu, president of Xiamen Construction Association.