Which country was Guangxi in ancient times?

Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (Zhang), commonly known as Guangxi, is the only coastal autonomous region in China, with Nanning as its capital and Beibu Gulf in the south.

The development of history

First, the pre-Qin period.

Baiyue distribution in pre-Qin period

In the pre-Qin period, Lingnan was called the land of Baiyue, and Guangxi belonged to xi 'ou and Luoyue. Lingnan area is far away from the Central Plains, and there is not much ink in the historical records of the Central Plains, which is described by later generations as "a land outside the country, a hometown of cockroaches". Many people believe that the beginning of Lingnan civilization was conquered by Qin Shihuang's 500,000 troops, and the local indigenous "Baiyue people" (Lingnan ancestors) jumped into feudal society from the primitive clan and tribe stage of ignorance. Archaeological studies in recent years have found that this view is a "historical misunderstanding"-a large number of unearthed cultural relics show that Lingnan area once had brilliant Neolithic and Bronze Age civilizations and was one of the cradles of Chinese civilization.

Second, the Qin and Han Dynasties

Counties in late Qin Dynasty

In 222 BC, after Ying Zheng, king of Qin, unified the six countries, he sent Tu Youyou to lead 500,000 Qin Jun to attack Lingnan. In 2 14 BC, Qin Jun basically occupied Lingnan. Immediately, Qin Shihuang set up "Guilin County, Elephant County and Nanhai County" in the Lingnan area he captured. Guangxi belongs to Guilin County and Xiangxiang County, which is the first time in Guangxi's history to divide administrative regions.

At the beginning of Han Dynasty, Zhao Tuo, the prefect of Nanhai County, attacked Guilin County and Xiang Jun County and established Nanyue State. In the sixth year of Ding Yuan (before 1 1 1), Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty pacified South Vietnam, and Cangwu Guangxin (the capital of Jiaozhou in ancient Han Dynasty, located in Wuzhou, Guangxi, and Fengkai, Guangdong) became the administrative center of nine counties in Jiaotou. The Han Dynasty divided South Vietnam into nine counties. It is located in the toe of Guangxin County, Cangwu County. During the Western Han Dynasty, Hepu was one of the original ports of China's Maritime Silk Road. At the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the toe-crossing department was changed to Jiaozhou. Today, Guangdong Province includes the whole Nanhai County under the jurisdiction of Jiaozhou, including Cangwu County, Hepu County, Guiyang County of Jingzhou and Zhang Yu County of Yangzhou. Jiaozhou in the Eastern Han Dynasty included northern and central Vietnam, China, Guangxi and Guangdong. Governance in Panyu (now Guangzhou, China).

Third, the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty.

Liuzhou, an important industrial city, is located in Longcheng.

During the Three Kingdoms and the Jin Dynasty, Guangxi belonged to Wu first, then to Jin, and then to Song, Qi, Liang and Chen in the Southern Dynasties. During the Three Kingdoms period, in 2 17 (twenty-two years of Jian 'an), the State of Wu was divided into Guangzhou and Jiaozhou. Oracle inscriptions moved Jiaozhou from Guangxin to Panyu. . The metal is in Guangzhou. Song, Qi, Liang and Chen are in Xiangzhou and Guangzhou.

Fourth, Sui and Tang Dynasties

Sui belongs to Yangzhou department. At the end of Sui Dynasty, Guangxi was occupied by filial piety. In the early Tang Dynasty, counties were established. Forty-five States in Lingnan belong to Guangzhou, Guizhou, Rongzhou, Yongzhou and Annan (also known as Lingnan Five Pass), which belongs to Lingnan Road. After 655 years, all the five governments were transferred to Guangzhou, which was called by the governor (the governor), and the secretariat of Guangzhou served concurrently. In 756 (six years from Su Zong to Germany), he was promoted to five ambassadors to Lingnan. .

In the third year of Tang Xiantong (862), Lingnan Road was divided into Lingnan East Road and Lingnan West Road, which was the first time that Guangxi became an independent administrative region.

During the Tang Dynasty, Guangxi's economy and culture developed greatly, and "Chifu" was even more famous. The rise of important towns such as Guangxi, Yong, Liu and Rong; A famous water conservancy project acacia belt connecting Gui Jiang and Liujiang was built.

Five, Five Dynasties and Ten Countries

Wuzhou)

During the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Chu and Southern Han fought for Guangxi for a long time. In the Song Dynasty, Guangnan Road was divided into Guangnan East Road and Guangnan West Road, referred to as Guangxi for short, and the name of Guangxi began.

Sixth, the Song and Yuan Dynasties.

In the Song Dynasty, Hengshanzhai (now Ma Ping Town, Tiandong County), Yongping Village (now Ningming County) and Sanboyichang, Qinzhou became southwest ethnic fairs or international towns that traded with Jiaozhi and other places. The output of non-ferrous metals tin and lead ranks in the forefront of the country; Wuzhou Yuanfeng supervisor has become one of the six major money casting supervisors in Jiangnan; Textiles, especially ramie fabrics, are of high quality, and woven fabrics produced by Zuoyouhe are rich in color. The Yuan Dynasty basically controlled Guangxi militarily, stationed troops near the main pass and practiced military reclamation. Guangxi was a book province of Huguang in Yuan Dynasty.

In the 23rd year of Yuan Dynasty (1363), Guangxi was established as a book province, which was the beginning of the establishment of Guangxi.

Seven, Ming and Qing dynasties

North Sea

During the Ming Dynasty, the names of provinces in the Yuan Dynasty were abolished, and a three-level regional system of division, state and county was established. The whole country is divided into 13 ministries. In June of the second year of Hongwu (1369), Lianzhou and Qinzhou, which were originally under the jurisdiction of Guangxi, were placed under the jurisdiction of Guangdong.

In the ninth year of Hongwu in Ming Taizu (1376), Guangxi was established to undertake propaganda and deployment, and the name of "Guangxi" was thus fixed. Guangxi's political envoys are divided into 1 1 states, and Zhili Prefecture has three counties under its jurisdiction. 1 1 The governments are: Guilin government (governing Lingui county, now Guilin), Liuzhou government (governing Maping, now Liuzhou), Qingyuan government (governing Yishan), Sien government (governing Li Qiao, now Mashan, then moving to Wuyuan, now Wuming) and Siming government (governing Siming government, now Ningning). The three Zhili States are: Guishun State (governing Jingxi today), Tianzhou State (governing Tiandong today) and Sicheng State (governing Lingyun today). In addition, Quanzhou originally belonged to Hunan.

Qinzhou

In the twenty-seventh year of Hongwu (1394), Quanzhou (now Quanzhou, Guanyang and Ziyuan) was changed from Huguang Yongzhou to Guangxi, which roughly formed the region of Guangxi. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, there were 13 states, 4 states, 44 counties, 34 states, 6 states and 5 long lawsuits in Guangxi.

Ming Xianzong set up the Governor's Office in Wuzhou, and in the forty-five years of Jiajing, the Governor of Guangdong and Guangxi was changed from Wuzhou to Zhaoqing, Guangdong.

Eight, the Qing dynasty

In the Qing Dynasty, it was implemented at four levels: province, road, prefecture (Zhili Hall) or prefecture (Zhili Prefecture) and county. Re-establish Guangxi Province, with its capital in Guilin (now Guilin).

The whole province of Guangxi is divided into 1 1 states, 2 zhili departments and 2 zhili states, which govern counties, cities and counties respectively. 1 1 is endowed with: Guilin Fu (governing Lingui, now Guilin), Liuzhou Fu (governing Ma Ping County, now Liuzhou), Qingyuan Fu (governing Yishan), Fu (governing Wuyuan, now Wuming), Four Cities Fu (governing Lingyun), Pingle Fu (governing Pingle), Wuzhou Fu (. The two Zhili halls are: Shangsi Zhili Hall (managing today and thinking about today) and Baise Zhili Hall (managing today and thinking about Baise); The two Zhili States are: Zhili State in Zhi Lin (now Yulin) and Zhili State in Guishun (now Jingxi). In addition, Lianzhou Prefecture (now Hepu) and Qinzhou Zhili Prefecture (now Qinzhou) belong to Guangdong Province. Libo County originally belonged to Guangxi Province, and it was placed under the jurisdiction of Guizhou Province in the tenth year of Yongzheng in Qing Dynasty (1732). In the late Qing Dynasty, there were 13 states, 4 states, 44 counties, 34 states, 6 states, 10 Tusi and 3 long lawsuits in Guangxi.