Classical Chinese in Wu Tongyu

1. Wu Tongyu, Bai Pu, the former Wu Tongyu, was Bai Bai Pu Pu (later 1226~ 1306), a playwright and poet of the Yuan Dynasty.

Word, word constant, word Renfu, (now Hequ County, Shaanxi Province) people. His father, Bai Hua, was a judge of the Privy Council in the Jin Dynasty. In the first year of Jin Aizong (1232), Mongolian troops attacked Nanjing (now Kaifeng), Bai Hua went to Germany with Aizong, and Bai Pu stayed in Nanjing with his mother.

The second annuity betrayed Cui Li and Nanking fell. Cui Li captured the wives and daughters of princes and sent them to the Mongolian army, including Bai Pu's mother.

At this time, Bai Pu was still young. Under the leadership of his father's good friend Yuan Haowen, he crossed the river to Liaocheng, Shandong, and moved to Xinzhou, Shanxi. Yuan Haowen regards him as his parents.

A few years later, Bai Huabei returned to China, and Bai Pu followed his father, a famous scholar in the Yuan Dynasty, and really settled down. At the beginning of reunification, he was recommended to the imperial court, but Bai Pu repeatedly declined politely.

After the teacher Juyuan recommended him for politics, he didn't, and he became an official for life. In the seventeenth year of Zhiyuan (1280), he moved to Jinling and was addicted to poetry and wine.

Bai Pu was smart since childhood and was good at reciting poems. He studied poetry and fu in his early years, and then he was good at music. Yuan Haowen admired his talent: "Bai Yuan is an old family, and Zhu Lang is the only one."

(Wang Bowen's Introduction to Teana Collection) Wu Tongyu is the masterpiece of Bai Juyi's zaju. Its original name is Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Ming Taizu, which is based on the Song of Eternal Sorrow written by Chen Hong in the Tang Dynasty. Its title is taken from the poem "After the autumn rain, the leaves return to their roots" in Bai Juyi's Song of Eternal Sorrow. The play tells the story of Li Longji and Yang Guifei.

The plot is: Bi Jiang, the special envoy of Youzhou, seized the opportunity and sent An Lushan to Beijing. Emperor Tang Ming spoiled him, and An Sui had an affair with Yang Guifei.

Because of disagreement with Yang, he was appointed as his special envoy. An Lushan rebelled and fled from Chang 'an to Shu.

At Mayi, the army stopped, and the soldiers protested to punish Yang's younger brother and sister. Ming Chengzu was helpless and ordered the imperial concubine to hang herself in the Buddhist temple.

After Li Longji returned to Chang 'an, he hung a noble princess in the Nishinomiya, facing each other day and night. One night, I met in my dream, awakened by the rain of the phoenix tree, and recalled the past, which only increased my melancholy.

The whole drama revolves around the love between Li and Yang, reflecting the important historical event of An Shi Rebellion and the process of Tang Dynasty's prosperity and decline. There are obvious contradictions in the theme.

However, the structure of the whole play is orderly, the lyrics are gorgeous and elegant, and the poetry is strong. At the end of Folding, the sound of rain hitting the buttonwood is the end, which plays up the tragic atmosphere and sets off Li Longji's bleak inner world, especially for success.

The predecessors spoke highly of the play, and Li, a Korean, said: "There are dozens of people in Yuan Dynasty, and there are no worries about Ma Wei, and Bai Renfu's rain is the most popular" (Yucun Quhua). This drama had a great influence on the legendary drama "The Palace of Eternal Life" by Hong□ in Qing Dynasty.

Wu Tong Yu Tu is selected from Selected Songs of Yuan Dynasty, a block-printed edition of Bo Gu Hall in Wanli Period of Ming Dynasty.

2. Wu Tongyu's ancient metaphor means that the rain in ancient Wu Tong was endowed with some special feelings and sadness.

The poetess Li Qingzhao's "Sound Slow" "The phoenix tree is more raining, dusk, dribs and drabs. This time, how to win a sad word? " I began to search in my memory for the relevant sentences in the lyrics I have seen, as follows:

Buttonwood, night rain,

It's hard to leave your feelings without saying anything. A leaf, with a sound, drops in the light. -Wen Tingyun has more loopholes.

It rained on the leaves of buttonwood at night. The soul is nowhere to be found. -Su Shi's Magnolia Order.

Tall buildings yearn for dusk, and there is rustling rain on the plane leaves. -Yan Shu's Walking on the Sand.

So I chose these sentences, not only because of the autumn rain, but because these paragraphs all mentioned: the rain in Wu Tong.

I'm definitely not the only one. I noticed that Wu Tongyu appeared n times in ancient literati's poems and songs, and this person has his own special talent to summarize. But I'm glad I found it. Although I have never been in contact with literati, I like the sight of Wu Tongyu. I am naturally happy to see so many scholars talking about Wu Tongyu.

Wu Tongyu is endowed with some special feelings and sadness.

Platanus acerifolia is a common tree species in the north. It is not widely used as wood like poplar, because this loose wood is generally used as an inconspicuous inner panel of ordinary furniture. But you can still see it in some yards. Its flowers are cold lavender, its leaves are big, it grows rapidly and its tree shape is beautiful.

I don't know if the phoenix tree in the above poem is the phoenix tree I know, but it does have a different meaning in the autumn rain.

Li Qingzhao, who has entered her later years, must have a lot of thoughts under the old buttonwood tree, listening to the falling rain and looking back on the past. It is conceivable that Li Qingzhao's Wutong Rain is full of sadness.

I don't know if Li Qingzhao has been to the North in her later years, but I'm afraid she must be more depressed when she revisits her old place. Then, "returning to the boat at dusk, getting lost in the depths of the lotus, fighting for the ferry, and starting a pool of gulls and herons" can only be a good memory of her sad life in her later years.

3. Seek the ancient poetry and prose describing the phoenix tree flower. 1. Tear down the sycamore flowers, drain the rain first and wash the flowers.

"Magnolia is slow, tung flowers are bright" Song Dynasty: Liu Yong tore down tung flowers and washed them in the first rain. Apricots are watering the forest, peaches are embroidered in the wild, and the scenery is like a screen.

Temptation. Try your best to win, and suddenly carve the saddle out of the suburbs.

The wind is warm and the strings are crisp, and thousands of families compete to play new sounds. Yingying.

Go for a walk and mow the grass. People are gorgeous and likable.

I often go to the roadside, leaving my hair behind, and the pearls are vertical and horizontal. Love.

For Jalidi, the trust in gold has been exhausted. You will never be able to fight the Ming Dynasty.

Interpretation: Tung trees are blooming brightly, just after a shower, and the suburbs are sunny and bright as new, just like washing. Gorgeous red apricot trees are like burning flames, and pale red peach blossoms decorate the countryside, with picturesque scenery.

People who walk in the Qingming Festival come out of empty alleys for sightseeing. People ride horses to the outer suburbs.

In the warm wind, there are countless clear orchestral sounds, and thousands of families compete to play novel and wonderful music. Beautiful women in the outer suburbs are like clouds.

In the outing team, girls pick flowers and grass, and gorgeous and enchanting singers offer themselves to cater to each other and keep greeting each other. Across the street, you can see people drinking and drinking, and beautiful women are everywhere.

In the face of so many beautiful women, the feeling of love arises spontaneously. Indulge in drinking, Tao Ran is as drunk as Yushan.

Try to get drunk in the picture gallery tomorrow, but I won't get drunk today. 2, the fire opens a new flame, and tung flowers make branches.

"Qingming" Tang Dynasty: Sun looked at the northern mountains in the late spring of Qingming. Flirting opens a new flame with a fire, and tung flowers make old branches.

Shen Ming was ashamed of the past and kept the banquet secret from his friends. Not as good as a bird in the forest, moving Joe and feathers.

Interpretation: In the Qingming Festival in late spring, I looked gloomily at the mountains in the north. The newly obtained kindling sparkled, and new flowers grew on the branches of the old tung tree.

I am depressed, ashamed of this new plant, and embarrassed to inform my friends to hold a banquet. Not as good as birds in the Woods, they can fly to other places to tidy their wings.

3, fight for both sides of the tung flower, and make a small makeup to clear the pool. "Huanxisha contended for the temples of tung flowers" Song Dynasty: Zhou Bangyan contended for the temples of tung flowers, wearing small makeup to take care of the pool.

When the bees are around, walk out of the curtains and step on the socks. Jump out of the wrist and add gold, and the pipa will play all four strings.

Who wants to cut spring clothes on a cold night? Interpretation: Little girls scrambled to pick tung flowers and put them on drooping temples. Dressed up a little, they sat by the pool and showed off their bodies.

Before they put on their shoes, they jumped out of the curtains in socks to chase bees. The gold bracelets they wear are heavy on their wrists, and the sound made by the four strings of the pipa is sad.

Who will cut their spring clothes when it's cold at night? 4, tung flower half an acre, quietly locked in the rain court. "Cold Food in the Window" Song: Zhou Bangyan's dark willow cries, independence, small curtain Zhu Hu.

Tung flowers are half an acre, quiet and rainy. Sprinkle empty steps, midnight did not stop, the old man cut candles and talked at the west window.

Such as the Chu River, the wind lanterns are messy, and teenagers travel far. Old age.

Wandering place. The main store is smoke-free, and the whole city is forbidden.

The flag pavilion called wine and handed it to Levin. Miss Dongyuan, Taoli Man Chun, beautiful lips.

When I return to China, I will definitely have some residual English, and I will respect my guests. Interpretation: Crows crow in the depths of Liu Yin. I lifted the small curtain and stood in Zhumen, wearing a light coat and standing intently.

Half an acre of courtyard is full of tung flowers, quietly covering the courtyard, and the intermittent rain is even more worrying. Raindrops fell on the empty steps and never stopped all night.

When will old friends meet and cut candles under the west window to talk to me? Tonight's loneliness is like the night by the Chu River in the past. The lights are dim, and the endless sorrow of the youth journey is indescribable.

Now that I am old, I sometimes feel old. Spring outing, the hotel does not set off fireworks, which happens to be the city's fire-free cold food festival.

The interest in ordering wine in the restaurant has been swept away, so give this pride to the drinkers to cook. When I recall the peaches and plums in my hometown garden, they must be in full bloom in spring, and flowers like dimples on the lips of beautiful women are still hanging on the branches today. When I return home, I will leave some flowers, waiting for me to drink with my guests and wash my troubles.

5. On Danshan Road in Wan Li, Tonghua, the little phoenix is clearer than the old one. "Han Donglang impromptu sent a poem to surprise him. The rest of the party members chased after him and sat on Pei Hui for a long time. With the wind of age, I am a member who has both gains and fears. A poem in the Tang Dynasty: Li Shangyin wrote a poem at the age of ten, and the cold ash candle left love.

On Danshan Road in Wan Li, Tonghua, the little phoenix is clearer than the old one. Interpretation: At the farewell banquet where candles were lit and tears turned to ashes yesterday, it was sad and filled with emotion. (Your son) Ten-year-old Han Wo was as witty as Yuan Hu in the Eastern Jin Dynasty and soon became an article. (Soon, you will take your son to Zhou Guo's office.) On Changdanshan Road in Wan Li, tung flowers are in full bloom, and the song of the little phoenix from the flowers will be more crisp and beautiful than that of the old phoenix (your son's talent will be more crisp than your old phoenix's voice).

6, the number of years, the English flower, the cold is weak. "Man Jiang Hong Late Spring" Song: Xin Qiji lived in the south of the Yangtze River, died, and was cold and clear.

In the flower garden, there are some storms and some chaos. The red powder darkens with the running water, and the garden gradually feels clear and dense.

Every year, the Erythrina flowers fall, and the cold is weak. The yard was quiet and empty.

There is nothing to say, nothing to worry about. I am afraid of stray Inging and Swallow, and I know the news.

The ruler is nowhere now, and the colorful clouds are still gone. Teach people, be ashamed to go upstairs, be flat and green.

Commentary: My home is in the south of the Yangtze River, and I had another Qingming Cold Food Festival. After a storm, on the flower road, there was a messy falling flower.

The falling red flowers quietly went away with the running water. The garden gradually feels lush with green leaves.

I calculated: every year when the Erythrina flowers are all gone, the power of cold weather is gone. The yard was quiet, and I thought of her in the empty place.

I'm too worried about my country, but I have nowhere to talk about it, because those prostitutes and swallows are terrible. If they know the news, they will set me up again. Now I don't know where those letters are, and my missing friend is still missing.

Please teach me to go upstairs. Going upstairs so many times, I really have no face to go up again.

Even if I go upstairs, I can't see the person I miss, only a young plant on the vilen outside the building.

4. What is the content of Bai Pu's Wu Tongyu? Bai Pu's Wu Tongyu describes the joys and sorrows of love between Tang and Yang Guifei before and after the Anshi Rebellion.

Wu Tongyu is a masterpiece of Bai Pu, a playwright in Yuan Dynasty, and it is also a court love tragedy. It is a historical drama describing the love story between Tang and Yang Guifei, and is famous for its rich lyricism, mellow poetry and gorgeous rhetoric.

The play is based on Chen Hong's legendary novel Song of Eternal Sorrow and Bai Juyi's poem Song of Eternal Sorrow, and its name also comes from the poem "Peach and plum bloom, spring breeze blows, autumn rain falls." . Wu Tongyu is the last play, ending with Li Longji.

At present, there are Li Kaixian's Biography of Gaiding Yuanxian in Jiajing period of Ming Dynasty, Zhi Zhai edition in Wanli period of Ming Dynasty, ancient master zaju in Wang Ji of Ming Dynasty, Yuan Zaju in Ming Dynasty, Yuan Zaju in Qu Zhai period of Ming Dynasty, Yuan Qu Ji, Tijiang Ji, Yuan Qu Ji and so on. The synopsis describes the joys and sorrows of love between Tang and Yang Guifei before and after the An Shi Rebellion.

* * * Wedges are 40% off. The plot is: An Lushan once failed to complete the military order, and Zhang Shougui, the envoy of Youzhou, wanted to behead him, cherish his bravery and take him to Beijing to apologize.

Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling asked Ming Chengzu to kill An Lushan, but Ming Chengzu refused to obey and summoned officials instead. At this time, the imperial concubine was in favor and was ordered by Ming Chengzu to accept An Lushan as his adopted son and give him money to wash his son.

Later, due to disagreement with Yang, An Lushan went to Beijing to take office. On July 7th, the imperial concubine and Ming Chengzu gave a banquet in the Palace of Eternal Life.

Ming Chengzu presented the golden hairpin box to the imperial concubine. When drinking wine, the two deeply felt the firmness of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and swore to the stars that they were married from then on. The good times didn't last long. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao, the imperial concubine was tasting her favorite litchi. When the news of the Anshi Rebellion came, Ming Chengzu and the imperial concubine rushed into Shu.

When they were stationed at Mayi post, there was a riot in the army. Chen, the general of Longwu, asked Ming Chengzu to punish Yang, who brought disaster to the country and the people, and Ming Chengzu obeyed him.

But the army still refused to advance, and Chen invited Yang Guifei, who was fascinated by the king's punishment. Ming Chengzu was helpless, so Gao Lishi took Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple and asked her to commit suicide.

This appeased the army and protected Ming Chengzu from fleeing. After Su Zong recovered Kyoto, Emperor Tai Shang (Ming Taizu) lived in Nishinomiya, hung with a statue of the imperial concubine, facing it day and night, never forgetting it.

One night, Ming Taizu visited the imperial concubine in her dream, but was awakened by the rain of phoenix trees. He recalled the scene of love with the imperial concubine and was extremely disappointed.

5. What is the content of Bai Pu's Wu Tongyu? Bai Pu's Zaju Wu Tongyu in Yuan Dynasty.

Wu Tongyu, called Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Tang Huang Ming, is a Han drama and one of the top ten classical tragedies in China. Bai Pu's masterpiece of zaju. It is based on the poem "After the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots" written by Chen Hong and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. The play tells the story of Li Longji and Yang Guifei. The plot is: Bi Jiang, the special envoy of Youzhou, seized the opportunity and sent An Lushan to Beijing. Emperor Tang Ming spoiled him, and An Sui had an affair with Yang Guifei. Because of disagreement with Yang, he was appointed as his special envoy. An Lushan rebelled and fled from Chang 'an to Shu. At Mayi, the army stopped, and the soldiers protested to punish Yang's younger brother and sister. Ming Chengzu was helpless and ordered the imperial concubine to hang herself in the Buddhist temple. After Li Longji returned to Chang 'an, he hung a noble princess in the Nishinomiya, facing each other day and night. One night, I met in my dream, awakened by the rain of the phoenix tree, and recalled the past, which only increased my melancholy. The whole play is orderly and poetic.

6. What does "big drum" mean in classical Chinese?

(1). Very special. Yuan Guan Hanqing's Jade Mirror Terrace: "What do you have to say when you grow up?"

(2) about, about. The third fold of Bai Pu's Wu Tongyu in the Yuan Dynasty: "What's more, your majesty, Dagu is a royal family who knows how to value me." Ethan Zhiyuan's "Returning to Prison" is the third fold: "Your aunt sent Jiang Meng, and the woman wore cold clothes for thousands of miles, but you taught me that I was not busy and could not wear your good clothes."

(3). In short. The third fold of Jin Fengchai in Yuan Dynasty: "My elder sister-in-law is a rich boy and very attractive, but I am worried about how to make a living without rice." Xu Renjie of Jinyuan chased Han Xin for the first time: "It can be seen that Dagu is a person accompanied by virtue and wisdom." Tang Mingzu's "Peony Pavilion" was ill: "The big drum is caused by fireworks, and Yan Ying is the trick, and Yue Yunzhi knows."

Taigu's Yi Li Guanshi Lee: "The first crown is the crown of cloth, and the ancient crown is also cloth." Zheng Xuan's Note: "Drum refers to Tang Yu or above." Xunzi's Fei Shi Er Zi: "Let the heroes in the world tell you to learn from the past and teach people to be smooth." Tang Ming Fu by Tang Li Bai: "If you look at the magnificence of Tang Ming, it will be abrupt and hazy, if there is nothing."

7. Who wrote the book Wu Tongyu? 1. Wu Tongyu was written by Bai Pu, a dramatist in Yuan Dynasty.

II. Introduction to Wu Tongyu:

Wu Tongyu, called Wu Tongyu on an Autumn Night in Tang Huang Ming, is a Yuan drama and one of the top ten classical tragedies in China. Bai Pu's masterpiece of zaju. It is based on the poem "After the autumn rain, the fallen leaves return to their roots" written by Chen Hong and Bai Juyi in the Tang Dynasty. The play tells the story of Li Longji and Yang Guifei. The plot is: Bi Jiang, the special envoy of Youzhou, seized the opportunity and sent An Lushan to Beijing. Emperor Tang Ming spoiled him, and An Sui had an affair with Yang Guifei. Because of disagreement with Yang, he was appointed as his special envoy. An Lushan rebelled and fled from Chang 'an to Shu. At Mayi, the army stopped, and the soldiers protested to punish Yang's younger brother and sister. Ming Chengzu was helpless and ordered the imperial concubine to hang herself in the Buddhist temple. After Li Longji returned to Chang 'an, he hung a noble princess in the Nishinomiya, facing each other day and night. One night, I met in my dream, awakened by the rain of the phoenix tree, and recalled the past, which only increased my melancholy. The whole play is orderly and poetic.

Three. Wu Tongyu's brief introduction:

Describe the joys and sorrows of love between Emperor Tang Ming and Yang Guifei before and after An Shi Rebellion. * * * Wedges are 40% off. The plot is: An Lushan once failed to complete the military order, and Zhang Shougui, the envoy of Youzhou, wanted to behead him, cherish his bravery and take him to Beijing to apologize. Prime Minister Zhang Jiuling asked Ming Chengzu to kill An Lushan, but Ming Chengzu refused to obey and summoned officials instead. At this time, the imperial concubine was in favor and was ordered by Ming Chengzu to accept An Lushan as his adopted son and give him money to wash his son. Later, due to disagreement with Yang, An Lushan went to Beijing to take office. On July 7th, the imperial concubine and Ming Chengzu gave a banquet in the Palace of Eternal Life. Ming Chengzu presented the golden hairpin box to the imperial concubine. When drinking wine, the two deeply felt the firmness of the Cowherd and the Weaver Girl, and swore to the stars that they were married from then on. The good times didn't last long. In the fourteenth year of Tianbao, the imperial concubine was tasting her favorite litchi. When the news of the Anshi Rebellion came, Ming Chengzu and the imperial concubine rushed into Shu. When they were stationed at Mayi post, there was a riot in the army. Chen, the general of Longwu, asked Ming Chengzu to punish Yang, who brought disaster to the country and the people, and Ming Chengzu obeyed him. But the army still refused to advance, and Chen invited Yang Guifei, who was fascinated by the king's punishment. Ming Chengzu was helpless, so Gao Lishi took Yang Guifei to the Buddhist temple and asked her to commit suicide. This appeased the army and protected Ming Chengzu from fleeing. After Su Zong recovered Kyoto, Emperor Tai Shang (Ming Taizu) lived in Nishinomiya, hung with a statue of the imperial concubine, facing it day and night, never forgetting it. One night, Ming Taizu visited the imperial concubine in her dream, but was awakened by the rain of phoenix trees. He recalled the scene of love with the imperial concubine and was extremely disappointed.

Four. About the author:

Bai Pu (after 1226- 1306) was originally named Heng, whose name was Ren Fu, and whose name was Zi. Originally from qi zhou, Shanxi (now south of Hequ County), he moved to Zhengding, Hebei (now Zhengding County). His father, Bai Hua, was born in an official family. He was an experienced Privy Council official and a famous scholar in Jin Dynasty. He is a good friend of Yuan Haowen.

life experience

When Baipu was born, under the double attack of the Southern Song Dynasty and Mongolia, the Jin Dynasty was already in jeopardy. When Baipu was eight years old, Jin was destroyed by the Mongols. He lived a vagrant life when he was a child, and his mother died in the war. When Bai Pu grew up, her family was reduced and unhappy, and she was determined not to be an official. Repeatedly declined the call-up of the Yuan Dynasty, and was "ridiculous" and "degraded" (Wang Bowen's Preface to the Collection of Teana). He drifted for fifteen years and settled in Jinling at the age of fifty-five. Bai Pu was born in a family with a strong literary atmosphere. When I was a teenager, I studied poetry and ancient prose under the famous poet Yuan Haowen. Therefore, his cultural accomplishment is very high, and his poems, Sanqu and Zaju were once famous. In his poems and Sanqu, he often shows his yearning for the motherland, his feelings about vicissitudes of life, his sadness about life and his gloomy mood. Bai Pu was a famous zaju writer in the early Yuan Dynasty, and one of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera". Zhou Deqing called Bai Pu, Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu the four great writers of Yuanqu (Guan Hanqing, Ma Zhiyuan, Wang Shifu and Bai Pu). He wrote sixteen kinds of zaju in his life, including three kinds: Wu Tongyu, Up the Wall at once and East Wall. Some people suspect that Bai Pu didn't write the latter.

magnum opus

Hanging on the wall immediately is one of his masterpieces, which is one of the "Four Love Dramas" of Yuan Zaju (the other three parts are Guan Hanqing's Moon Pavilion, Wang Shifu's The West Chamber and Zheng Guangzu's Lost Daughter). This is a romantic drama with a strong comedy color. Its full name is Pei's "Going to the Wall Right away". The main plot of the script "Hairpin Draws Water for a Needle and a Silver Bottle" is based on Bai Juyi's poem "A Silver Bottle at the Bottom of a Well" in the Tang Dynasty, but the theme is completely different from Bai Juyi's original poem, from "stopping prostitution" to "praising prostitution", which has become a bold affirmation of free love. Li Qianjin, the daughter of Luoyang secretariat, saw Pei Shangshu's son Pei riding a horse on the wall of her garden. They fell in love at first sight. Li Qianjin later eloped with Pei, lived in Pei's back garden for seven years, and gave birth to a son and a daughter. After Pei Shangshu found out, he forced Pei Shaojun to divorce her. Later, Pei won the first prize, moved Li Qianjin with the love of mother and son, and the couple got back together. The heroine Li Qianjin's personality is very distinct. On the grounds of "God-given karma" and "this marriage is also a God-given", she actively and bravely pursued her ideal love and resisted feudal ethics until she finally won.