What are the representative works of Li Qingzhao and Xin Qiji?

Li Qingzhao (1084.2.5. ~1155.4.10.), an outstanding female writer in the southern song dynasty, was born in the seventh year of Yuanfeng in the northern song dynasty and died in Lin' an at the age of 72. In history, it is also called "Jinan Er 'an" with Xin Qiji, a native of Licheng, Jinan. His father Li was a famous scholar and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty. He inherited his family studies from childhood and became famous early. Li Qingzhao is famous for her ci, ci and theory, and enjoys a high reputation in the history of China literature. There are Li Qingzhao in literature and Qin Liangyu in martial arts. "I lived a stable and prosperous life in my early years, and I wrote more words about acacia; After the invasion, great changes have taken place in Jin Bing's country, and his ci is full of feelings about his life experience. Her sense of poetry and prose is different from that of words. She is also good at painting and calligraphy, and she is fluent in music. The existing poems and songs are all compiled by later generations, including Shuyu Ci. "Words, to be unique. "China is the only woman whose name is used as a crater in outer space.

"One hundred generations of rivers, surging waves, scouring the heroes of the ages; The garden is a thousand years old, and the flower of a woman is in full bloom. " It describes Li Qingzhao.

The classic saying is that life is a hero and death is a hero.

Summer quatrains

Living as an outstanding person,

Death is also a ghost.

I still miss Xiang Yu,

Refuse to cross the river east.

Famous words explain outstanding people: outstanding people mean: when they are alive, they are heroes among people and when they die, they are heroes among ghosts. To live, we must set up lofty aspirations and indomitable spirit of struggle, because: the bigger the goal, the harder we work, the more meaningful our life will be, and the more we can appreciate the heroism and heroism of "riding the wind and waves".

Xin Qiji left more than 620 poems. No matter the quantity is abundant or the quality is excellent, it is the first in the Song Dynasty. Ci critics say: those who marry Xuan are the best among people and the dragon in the word.

Xin Qiji's ci developed from Su Dongpo's bold style. Later generations called Su Xin, saying that Su Xin was not as brave as Xin; The gas is not as high as Su Gao.

Recovering my homeland and returning my mountains and rivers was the strongest voice of that era, which was also fully expressed in Xin Qiji's ci.

Because Xin Qiji has been forced to live in seclusion in the countryside for a long time, it is a major feature of Xin Qiji's ci works to make use of rural life and rural scenery to make his ci works full of fresh life and earth fragrance.

Xin Qiji, like other literati, likes drinking very much and often gets drunk. He made up his mind to stop drinking, but he gave up halfway. His drinking words are profound, humorous and full of life.

Chen Liang, a contemporary of Xin Qiji, also known as Chen Tongfu (1143 ~1194), was an outstanding thinker in the Southern Song Dynasty. He was brilliant, brave and good at fighting, liked to talk about soldiers and advocated the war of resistance, so he was persecuted repeatedly and was framed and imprisoned three times. Like-minded and close contacts with Xin Qiji. 11When Xin Qiji stopped living in Shangrao in the winter of 88, Chen Liang came to visit Xin Qiji from Dongyang, Zhejiang Province, and they hit it off very well. Xin Qiji wrote a word "He Xinlang" to describe their communication. Order before words:

Chen Tongfu came from Dongyang and lived for ten days. He followed him around Goose Lake and met Zhu Huian in Zixi. Before he arrived, he drifted east. Since I can't see tomorrow, I feel attached and want to chase the road again. When we reached the egret forest, the snow was deep and muddy, so we couldn't move forward. Drinking alone in the village, I was disappointed for a long time, and I hated not being able to retain it. Late at night, I stayed at the Chunhu Building in Wu. I heard that my neighbor's flute was very sad, so I wrote "Smoke flies" as my own opinion. On the fifth day, the father wrote to ask questions, and those who feel the same can laugh a thousand miles.

At the beginning of the word, he described drinking at the post office. Xin Qiji praised his friend Chen Liang and compared him to the reclusive Tao Yuanming and Zhuge Liang. Where did the magpie fly in the forest? The magpie stepped on the loose tip, and the snow broke its hat, causing white hair and no way to serve the country. Time wasted. Vilen is lifeless in winter, and a few sparse plums adorn the scenery. The sky passed two or three geese, which was even more desolate. This is also the result of the theft of peace in the Southern Song Dynasty.

In the next film, I will go back and say goodbye. Beauty refers to cat, praising him for coming back to meet again and complaining about him in anxious to return. This is the theme of this word, so stop here. Sadly, due to the cold weather, the Qingjiang River is frozen, pedestrians can't cross it, the snow is deep and muddy, the roads are difficult to block, and the wheels can't turn like horns. Leaving at such a time will make pedestrians lose their souls and eat bones. Ask who makes you sad? It is not only parting, but also the situation that the country is in danger and the reality that it is not reused by the court. Because of the deep friendship between the author and Chen Liang, this meeting is like exhausting the iron in the world and casting a mistake of human lovesickness. In the dead of night, the long flute aroused infinite love for friends.

Xin Qiji also wrote a poem "Breaking the Array", the preface is: "Give Chen Tongfu a gift to argue irrationally". Expressing his dream of recovering great rivers and mountains day and night, I use this word to encourage cats.

Drunk watching the sword,

Dream back to blow the horn and set up camp.

Under 800 miles of gunfire,

Fifty strings turn the plug.

This is a military parade on the battlefield in autumn.

Luffy is made of horses,

Bow like thunder.

After the king's affairs in the world,

Win fame before and after death.

It's in vain.

People used to drown their sorrows by drinking and get drunk. But the author was drunk, worried and bent on recovering lost ground. He lit the lamp, admired his sword, and thought about how to use it and play its role. In my sleep, a military camp was connected to a military camp, and the horn rang. In the 800-mile military camp, the soldiers rejoiced and shared the barbecue given to them by the general. Musical instruments in the army play vigorous and tragic military music. Just as Mazhuang was in high spirits in autumn, the soldiers were stationed on the battlefield, ready to go out.

"Dulu" is the sound of horses' hooves when they run. Under the general's command, the soldiers rushed at the enemy like lightning, with bows like thunderbolts and ten thousand arrows. The enemy fell in succession, and the defeated soldiers fled in panic. The general took the lead and pursued the victory. The song of triumph goes into the clouds, and joy shakes the ground. This is the poet's dream feat, which not only saved the king's world, but also won himself a reputation before and after his death. However, in the political affairs dominated by capitulationists, the author "wants to serve his country and die without a battlefield" and can only sigh the cold reality: unfortunately, it happened in vain.

From 1 176 to 1 178, in less than two years, Xin Qiji was frequently transferred to Jiangxi, Hubei and other ancient places called Chu. When he was transferred from Zhang Yu, Jiangxi (now Nanchang, Jiangxi), he wrote a poem "Partridge Sky". The preface is: Leave yu zhang and don't be the general manager of Sima Zhang Han.

When Xin Qiji lived by the lake in Shangrao, Jiangxi Province, he wrote a poem "An Ugly Girl is Near", the preface is: Antie is in a middle school in Boshan Road, Yi Lee.

Striker Yun Qi,

The price of shower is instant.

The sunset scenery of trees in the distance,

How to make a picture!

Green flag sells wine,

There are others on the other side of the mountain.

As long as the scenery is bright,

There is nothing to do this summer.

When I woke up from my nap,

Bamboo households with loose windows.

All kinds of strange things.

Wild birds fly in,

It's ordinary leisure again.

Blame Bai Ou,

The desire to see people.

Guimeng is here,

The newcomer is Moses,

Don't talk.

This word is clearly written, fresh and cheerful, much like Li Qingzhao's style. Boshan refers to Lushan censer peak in the southwest of Guangfeng County, Jiangxi Province. The rain in summer came quickly and passed quickly. After the rain, the setting sun shines on the washed green hills and trees, which is particularly fresh and beautiful and picturesque. Qingqi selling wine shows that when selling wine has been commercialized, there are also hotels in remote rural areas; Another layer means that the author goes to a hotel to sell wine, which corresponds to waking up in the afternoon in the next film.

The next article is about the environment around the restaurant. After getting drunk, the author had a good sleep, but when he woke up, he saw the pine, cypress and bamboo around the window, which was very elegant and quiet. Because it is quiet, there are wild birds flying in, which is another scenery. That Bai Ou, looking at people, wants to go down. Afraid of what? Don't we have a friendly alliance?

This word imitates Li Qingzhao's "thinking with common sayings".

When Xin Qiji lived by the lake in Shangrao, he also wrote a poem "Nian Nu Jiao", the sequence of which was: "Fu, true title". Yuyan is located near Boshan. Zhu Dunru, a native of Luoyang, was a famous poet at the turn of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasties in China. "Huajian Xuan Ci" said that it was "gifted and immortal". Xin Qiji's word "immortal wind" is not enough, but more is Zhuangzi's Tao Qi.

Recently,

I can't be happy when I'm worried

A little sad and eternal,

Loneliness on the west wind.

And bamboo to find spring water,

And cloud planting trees,

Call it a real leisure guest.

This heart is idle,

You shouldn't have been born in a ravine.

Hugh said the past was nothing,

Now the cloud is,

And Qingzun.

I don't know who I am, drunk,

Non-Moon Feiyun is not a crane.

Expose the cold pine branches,

Camphor tree,

Wake up when you are drunk.

The north window is located at a high place,

Don't be surprised at birds.

Where there is my sadness, there is my happiness, which has been forgotten recently. Independent west wind, looking at the sky, but a bit bleak. Living a life of finding springs in the bamboo sea and planting trees in the cloud is the real idle person. Peace of mind does not depend on the cultivation of mountains and rivers.

Don't say today is yesterday's fault, send a golden bottle to get drunk. Get carried away when you're drunk, month? Cloudy? Crane? Everything is specious. Wake up late at night, still lonely. Only the dew cleared away, and only the wind shook the laurel leaves. Don't sleep awake, don't wake the early bird.

Xin Qiji wrote a poem called "Partridge Sky" when he was living by the lake. The inscription is: "Visit Goose Lake and get drunk on the restaurant wall". According to the Records of Qianshan County, there is an Ehu Mountain in the northeast of Qianshan County, and there is a lake on the mountain, formerly known as Hehu. Because Gong Jushan raised geese in the Eastern Jin Dynasty, it was renamed Goose Lake, which is a beautiful place for the author to visit.

In spring, shepherd's purse flowers enter the plain,

After the new rain, the crow fell down.

Affectionate, white-haired, helpless,

Late green curtain wine is easy to be credited.

An idle attitude, a cautious career,

There is mother sang on the west side of the cowshed.

Who is the girl in the green skirt?

Go and see my family while the silkworm is still alive.

The author writes about scenery and puts pen to paper on shepherd's purse flowers. Shepherd's purse flower is a kind of wild vegetable, which is common, simple and not afraid of cold. Spring blooms earliest, and young stems are edible. The white shepherd's purse is full of fields, and the newly reclaimed land coincides with the spring rain, and the crows fall on the newly turned land for food. A few strokes put the spring scenery in front of the readers. No matter how good the spring is, you can't help worrying about your head. I had to go to a hotel with a wine flag to drink on credit.

The villagers' lives are leisurely and orderly, and Sang Ma is planted beside the cowshed. Before the spring silkworm was born, her daughter-in-law left in white.

Spring in the countryside is quiet and full of vitality. At this time, the poet was in his forties, doing nothing, selling wine in hotels to drown his sorrows, and still worrying about his head.

Xin Qiji retired to the second line and lived in seclusion. First, I settled my home in Shangrao with a lake, and later I moved my home to Piaoquan, Qian Shan. One spring in lead mountain, he wrote a word "Partridge Sky". The inscription is: "it's nothing to find chrysanthemums, it's a play."

Cover your nose, the stinking field of the world,

In ancient times, only wine was fragrant.

Ever since I came to the clouds,

Until now, singing and dancing are very busy.

Call his wife, Qiu Guang,

Where is the yellow flower avoiding Chongyang?

You know, when it rots,

Wait for the west wind to frost overnight.

When Xin Qiji was just in his early forties, he was pushed out of the officialdom and lived in seclusion at home, full of revenge for saving the country. He saw through the corrupt officialdom where the gentleman was hit and the villain was successful. Describing officialdom as a "smelly field" is not only the catharsis of grievances in the chest, but also the most appropriate and vivid artistic summary. Only wine smells clean in ancient and modern times. Only when you are drunk can you rest everything.

Xin Qiji just retired from his hometown, and the place he chose was surrounded by mountains and waters, surrounded by clouds, far away from the hubbub, like a paradise. Seclusion, such as fairy, fog, singing and dancing.

Call his wife * * * to reward Qiu Guang. The wife here can be understood as an old partner, an old friend or an old couple. You can't see chrysanthemums when you admire them. Where did Chrysanthemum avoid the Double Ninth Festival? It's because it's not cold yet, so the chrysanthemums haven't opened yet. You know, when it's rotten and flowering, just wait for the west wind to frost overnight. It not only praises the character and spirit of chrysanthemum, but also reflects the character and spirit of poet.

Xin Qiji lived in seclusion in the countryside for a long time and observed rural life carefully and deeply. One of his poems, Yulouchun, is a rural song, fresh, lively and humorous.

Her daughters are in twos and threes,

Listen to the words on the branches of songbirds.

I have been selling wine for a long time.

The cake is burnt. You must leave early.

When you're drunk, you forget where you came from,

Excuse me, I'm asking where people live.

Just look for the ancient temple,

More than the southwest tallow.

The upper and lower pictures are two pictures, which set each other off. In the first film, women listen to birds chirping, and women in twos and threes listen to birds chirping in a tree, which is as ingenious as human language: "When I go out to play with wine with a pot, my mother-in-law's pancakes are burnt." Kettle and cake are the names of birds.

The next movie is more interesting. A drunken man forgot to go home, and pedestrians politely pointed out where to go. The more serious the instructor is, the more drunk the questioner will be.

Xin Qiji has nothing to do and often drinks to drown his sorrows. Drinking is to drown your sorrows, but when you are drunk, you have no time to worry. Sometimes I get drunk. My drunkenness is ridiculous. He wrote a word "Xijiang Moon". Inscription: "Mission".

Drunk, eager to laugh,

There's no time to worry.

Recently, I began to know ancient books.

Faith is nothing.

Songbian got drunk last night,

How about asking me to get drunk?

I only suspect that I am loose to help.

Push it away with your hand and say "go"!

Because the author resisted the gold according to reason and was not used by the rulers of the Southern Song Dynasty, he had to drown his sorrows by drinking and being greedy for money. Mencius once said, "It is better to believe in books than to have no books." Xin Qiji turned to this sentence, which means that there are many wise sayings in ancient books, but the reality doesn't work. It's better to believe than not to believe.

The next one recalls the scene of drunkenness last night. It is wrong to write that people are loose when they move, and the drunkenness is vivid.

The whole word revolves around a drunken word, which is full of fun.

Xin Qiji once made up his mind to give up drinking. He wrote a poem "Qinyuanchun" with the inscription: "Quit drinking and stay away from wine glasses". This means that I will give up drinking and warn my glasses not to come near me.

Before you came,

Lao tze today,

Check the body.

I have been thirsty for many years.

The pharynx is like a coke pot;

I like sleeping today,

Angry as thunder.

You said, "Liu Ling,

Ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign,

Why not get drunk and die and be buried? "

So muddy,

Sigh to your bosom friend,

What a pity!

More is the medium of singing and dancing.

This is a cooperative guess.

No matter how big or small the situation is,

Born of love;

Nothing is good or evil,

Too much is a disaster.

Talk to you:

"Don't stay and retreat,

I can still drink your cup. "

Goodbye,

Tao said, "I am waiting for your call.

Coming right away. "

This word was written by Xin Qiji when he lived in Qianshan Spring. The author personifies the wine glass, and the dialogue between the author and me shows that drinking is bad for your health, so you are determined to give up drinking. Ironically, the determination to give up drinking is not great.

At first, the word owner shouted angrily: Cup, don't come over. Today, I checked my body and found that I was thirsty all the year round. My throat was as dry as a burnt pot, and I was always sleepy. I snored like thunder when I slept, all of which were caused by drinking. The glass replied, "Liu Ling, an alcoholic, is a master of ancient and modern times. He gets drunk when he has wine. He might as well die and be buried when he is drunk. It is true that we have been bosom friends for many years. It's impolite of you to say that.

The ancients held banquets and drank wine, mostly for entertainment by singing and dancing. Therefore, wine, with singing and dancing as the medium, is particularly harmful to people, as straight as pigeon poison. Moreover, human resentment, big or small, is often born of greed; Nothing is beautiful, and nothing is evil. If it exceeds the limit, it will go to the opposite side. There is no question of good or bad wine itself. If you drink too much, it will become harmful and bad. In this way, drinking is harmful. You can't just complain about drinking, but also review your lack of restraint. The poet agreed with the wine glass: "Don't go in a hurry, or I have the ability to break you into pieces." The cup saluted again and again and said, "You can wave me away and recruit me." This is a compromise agreement reached by both parties. Words of understanding are unbearable. Xin Qiji finished writing this speech on abstinence, and when he saw the wine, he drank it.

Mid-Autumn Festival is a night for poets to drown their sorrows in wine. Xin Qiji once wrote two Mid-Autumn Festival love poems, one of which is Plum.

The inscription is "Mid-Autumn Festival in January".

Mid-autumn osmanthus flowers in memory.

The flowers in the cup,

The moon is in the cup.

There is an identical statue upstairs tonight.

Cloud wet screen window,

The rain wet the screen window.

I want to ask about the chemical industry while the wind is blowing.

Roads are also difficult to pass,

Letters are also difficult to get through.

Only the candles in the room are red.

Cup and peace,

Song was calm again.

Dangui is a kind of osmanthus fragrans. White flowers are osmanthus fragrans, yellow flowers are osmanthus fragrans and red flowers are osmanthus fragrans. Recalling the Mid-Autumn Festival in the past, among the osmanthus flowers, drinking and enjoying the moon, spending it in a glass, the moon in the glass. This Mid-Autumn Festival, because of the rain, I can only spend it upstairs, and so is the wine. It's raining outside the window, but there is no moon.

I want to take the wind to ask, but the road is blocked and I can't write. There is no moon in the painting hall, only a red candle shines on the demon, so we have to raise our glasses and drink wine calmly and enjoy singing and dancing calmly.

Xin Qiji wrote another Mid-Autumn Festival poem "Magnolia Slow". The preface of the word is: "Drinking in the Mid-Autumn Festival will be a great success. It is said that predecessors' poems have endowed the moon, and those who have not endowed the moon use the style of" Tian Wen ".

It's a pity tonight,

Where to go, to leisurely?

There is another world,

Where shall we meet, East of Light and Shadow?

It's outside the sky, empty and sweaty,

But does Changfeng Hao Hao send Mid-Autumn Festival?

It is like a mirror that flies to the sky, but it won't fall off. Who tied it with an invisible long rope?

Chang 'e in the Moon Palace is still unmarried. Who kept her?

It is said that there is no reason to ask across the sea.

Trance makes people sad.

Afraid of Wan Li whales,

Touch and break,

Jade Temple Qionglou.

Frogs can bathe in water,

Ask Yunhe Jade Rabbit to solve the ups and downs?

If the Tao is correct,

Why is the cloud becoming like a hook?

The moon is really cute tonight, and the gourd ladle is gone with the wind. Where are you going? Is there another room over there, watching you rise from the east? Or in the sky, it's long and windy to send you away? You are like a flying mirror, why don't you fall off? Who will keep the moon if Chang 'e doesn't marry? It is also groundless to say that the moon swam across the bottom of the sea, which is incomprehensible and worrying. If it really crosses the bottom of the sea, I'm afraid the Wan Li whale will swim freely and knock down the Jade Palace Qionglou in the middle of the month. In addition, the jade toad in the middle of the month can swim. Where's Yutu? If all is well, why did the full moon become a hook again?

This word is innovative in poems about the moon. Wang Guowei, the lyricist, commented on the first five sentences of this poem, "The poet imagined and directly understood the theory that the moon revolves around the earth, and it was amazing to be in close contact with scientists" ("Words on Earth").

Mao Zedong likes Xin Qiji's Magnolia Slow, Poor Tonight and the Moon. 1964 talking with Zhou Peiyuan and Yu Guangyuan about the earth circle thought contained in this word. It can be seen that Mao Zedong not only appreciates the art of this poem, but also praises the profundity of the poet's dialectical thinking.