Story about Osmanthus fragrans. Poetry

The legend of osmanthus comes from China

Osmanthus culture

As early as the 3rd century BC, during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period, there were records of osmanthus, "The Classic of Mountains and Seas. Nanshan "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" mentions: "The mountain of swagger has many osmanthus trees." "The Classic of Mountains and Seas. The Classic of Western Mountains" mentions: "The mountains of Gaotu have many osmanthus trees." Chu Quyuan's "Nine Songs" contains: "I aid the Beidou and drink wine." "Guijiang, Xinyi vehicles come with osmanthus flags." (Note: "Guijiang" may be wine brewed by adding osmanthus flowers; "Guiqi" uses the flower branches of osmanthus trees as flags to decorate vehicles made of magnolia tree wood. ). It can be seen that the edible and ornamental value of sweet-scented osmanthus was mentioned in the early documents of Chu region. In addition, osmanthus also symbolizes friendship and good luck. It is said that during the Warring States Period, Yan and South Korea presented osmanthus flowers to each other in order to express goodwill and friendship. In ethnic minority areas where sweet-scented osmanthus is abundant, young men and women often express their love by giving sweet-scented osmanthus as gifts. "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals" praised: "The beauty of things is the ostentatious laurel." It means the most beautiful thing in the world is the laurel tree on Mount Zhaoyao. It shows that osmanthus has become the embodiment of beauty in the minds of ancient people.

From the Han Dynasty to the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, osmanthus became a precious flower and tribute. "Xijing Miscellanies" written by Liu Xin of the Western Han Dynasty records: "Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty first built Shanglin Garden, and his ministers presented more than 2,000 kinds of exotic flowers and trees, including ten osmanthus trees." In the sixth year of Yuanding of the Han Dynasty (111), Emperor Wu conquered South Vietnam Later, Fuli Palace was built in Shanglin Garden and a wide range of exotic flowers and trees were planted, including one hundred osmanthus trees. Most of the plants that were planted at that time, such as banana, lugu, honey, henna, longan, lychee, betel nut, olive, thousand years old, citrus, etc., died, but the osmanthus was lucky to survive. Sima Xiangru also recorded "Guiling Mulan" in "Shanglin Fu". It can be seen that the introduction of sweet-scented osmanthus into imperial palace gardens was successful in the early Han Dynasty and reached a certain scale.

The eighth month of the lunar calendar was called the laurel moon in ancient times. This month is not only the best time to appreciate the osmanthus, but also the best month to appreciate the moon. The fragrant osmanthus and the bright moon of the Mid-Autumn Festival have been associated with the cultural life of our people since ancient times. Many literati wrote poems and lyrics to describe and praise osmanthus, and even deified it. The Moon Palace series of myths, such as "Chang'e flies to the moon" and "Wu Gang conquers the laurels of Gui", have become popular stories in the past dynasties; and "Winning the title in the Toad Palace", which is a metaphor for successful career and rapid rise, is the goal that ordinary literati long for. The following is an introduction to the main content of these myths and stories based on relevant classics from the Qin and Han Dynasties to the Tang and Song Dynasties:

The legend of "Chang'e Flying to the Moon" first came from "Gui Zang". This is an ancient classic written around the early years of the Warring States Period. There is a saying in the book: "In the past, Chang'e took the immortal medicine of the Queen Mother of the West and flew to the moon to become a spirit." Later, it was quoted in many classics such as "Huainanzi" (2nd century BC) written by Liu An of the Western Han Dynasty, and the content was more detailed. , mainly because the addition of a section of Chang'e transforming into a toad may be regarded as a punishment for Chang'e. "Wu Gang conquered Gui". This legend is quoted from "Youyang Zazu" (860) written in the Tang Dynasty: "It is said in the past that there are osmanthus and toads in the moon. Therefore, a different book says that the laurel is five hundred feet high, and there is a person below who often chops it, and the tree creates Suihe. My surname is Wu Minggang, a native of Xihe. I was relegated to immortality and was ordered to cut down the tree. "The wound of cutting down the tree heals quickly, which is a metaphor for the waxing and waning of the moon." Therefore, in this legend, the moon and the laurel tree are two in one, and the laurel tree can symbolize immortality like the moon.

"The Toad Palace wins the title". One theory can be found in "History of Jin". According to the book, "Qie and Shen had the best countermeasures. Emperor Wu asked him: I am now the best in the world, as good as a branch in Guilin." It generally refers to the love of osmanthus by literati in the past dynasties, to the point of being intoxicated and dreaming of it. Zhongshu, a monk who was friends with Su Shi in the Song Dynasty, wrote a poem to praise the sweet-scented osmanthus: "The flower has a name, and the species is divided into three colors, red, white, and yellow. ... Many talented people compete for it. Chang'e said: Three kinds of fragrance, the number one scholar. "Red (red osmanthus), yellow (gold osmanthus) and white osmanthus (silver osmanthus)" refers to the use of climbing laurel and winning laurel to refer to the first, second and third place in the imperial examination.

Affected by the above-mentioned myths and stories, it was also very common for literati and dignitaries in the past dynasties to introduce sweet-scented osmanthus in official residences and gardens. In the Tang Dynasty, Liu Zong moved more than ten osmanthus trees from Hengyang, Hunan and planted them in the jingshe where he lived in Lingling.

During his twenty years as prime minister, Gu De collected a large number of osmanthus trees and introduced them to his villa on the outskirts of Luoyang. Bai Juyi once served as the governor of Hangzhou and Suzhou. He once brought the osmanthus from Tianzhu Temple in Hangzhou to Suzhou for planting. Not only did he grow osmanthus himself, he also wanted to plant osmanthus in the Moon Palace in the future. There is a poem saying: "I know from afar that there are only solitary osmanthus flowers in the sky, but I wonder if Chang'e wants them more. Fortunately, there is a free field in the moon palace, why not plant two in the center."

Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, it has become a common practice for literati to praise Gui in their poems, and there are many famous poems and masterpieces. It highlights the famous brand and unique fragrance of osmanthus, and some use the flower to express feelings. How can we praise the orange-green and orange-yellow colors when we monopolize the beauty of three autumns? Since the Mid-Autumn Festival in the next month, the fragrance has drifted from the sky. "It was written by Lu Shengzhi, a poet of the Song Dynasty. He said that osmanthus is the leading flower and tree during the Three Autumn Period, with its extraordinary origin (planted in the middle of the moon) and unusual fragrance (scent of the sky).

" Osmanthus under the pavilion rock , only fragrant at the end of the year. The leaves are densely green, and the flowers bloom with thousands of yellow spots. "This is a very famous poem about osmanthus, written by Zhu Xi (1130-1200), an acting master of the Song Dynasty. The language is natural and simple, and in just twenty words, it describes the ecological habits of osmanthus (born among the rocks), The phenological expression (flowers bloom in mid-autumn), as well as the tall and straight trunk, cascading branches and leaves, and dense flowers are vividly described.

“The flowers are in bloom when the moon is full, and the moon is waning when the flowers are dying. It should be noted that the objects in heaven and earth are all in the same place as Qingqiu. "It was written by Zhu Shuzhen, who was an excellent poet in the Song Dynasty. She used euphemistic and delicate writing techniques to express beautiful objective things and personal inner world. The full moon day of the eighth lunar month is when the sweet-scented osmanthus is in full bloom; the full moon is the time for family reunion. It is a true portrayal of a happy and happy life. The waning of flowers and the waning of the moon are another aspect of the vicissitudes of life.

In addition to its famous brand and unique fragrance, Osmanthus has also been praised by celebrities of all ages. For example, in the Southern Song Dynasty. The famous patriotic prime minister Li Gang loved osmanthus the most. His ambition to fight against the Jin Dynasty was not fulfilled, so he retired to Fuzhou in his later years. His study was named "Guizhai" and he personally planted osmanthus to express his ambition. : "The fragrance does not bloom for the spring light, but waits for the autumn wind, and the fragrance is especially stronger than the remaining flowers. The people walking around are like jade, and they are blowing the jade, and the jade is blowing, just like meeting under the moon on Yaotai. ""The branches are dotted with golden stamens, and the fragrance is ten miles away. The jade pot stores water and flowers are hard to grow old. If the window is clear, the window will be clear, and the remaining beauty will be rustled yellow. ”

Later, when Lin Zexu, a national hero of the late Qing Dynasty, rebuilt Li Gang’s temple beside the lotus pavilion at West Lake in Fuzhou, he built a reading room next to the temple and named it “Guizhai” to express his inheritance of Li Gang’s patriotism. Legacy.

Osmanthus is a representative species of the genus Osmanthus. Its folk cultivation began in the Song Dynasty and flourished in the early Ming Dynasty. There are 32 species found in the world, and there are as many as 27 species in my country. The distribution center of Oleacea in the world. Osmanthus not only has extremely high ecological value in gardens, but also in the development of food (osmanthus cake, osmanthus glutinous rice balls, moon cakes, osmanthus tea, beverages, osmanthus wine, etc.); in the chemical industry (refining natural, osmanthus, osmanthus) Essence, perfume, soap, sachet); medicinal materials (osmanthus, roots, cinnamon seeds, leaves, all can be used as valuable traditional Chinese medicine); returning farmland to forest (the industrial development of some new osmanthus varieties with fast growth and strong stress resistance has made them valuable It has huge development value in aspects such as low cost and good quality (especially the varieties of the four-season osmanthus species, which are still blank in gardening).

Osmanthus in ancient times symbolizes victory, nobility, friendship and good luck. In the long-term historical development process, osmanthus has formed profound cultural connotations and distinctive national characteristics. By excavating the rich osmanthus culture and inheriting the ancient folk custom of inviting the moon to appreciate the osmanthus, the osmanthus has been combined with the osmanthus appreciation. The combination of tourism and festival activities highlights the uniqueness of Guizhou culture and creates an elegant, warm, joyful and peaceful festival atmosphere. At the same time, relevant cities hold Osmanthus Festival every year, using the flower as a medium to prosper the economy and promote the development of tourism. Development has promoted the construction of spiritual and material civilization

The legend of laurel originated from Greece

This work is based on Greek mythology and depicts the sun god Apollo approaching the daughter of the river god The story of Daphne's courtship.

In order to avenge Apollo, Cupid shot a golden arrow at Apollo that made people fall into a whirlpool of love, making Apollo fall madly in love with Daphne; at the same time, he shot a lead arrow at Daphne that made people reject love. The girl was as cold as ice to Apollo. When Daphne turned around and saw Apollo chasing her, she hurriedly called to her father for help. The river god heard his daughter's voice and when Apollo was about to catch up with her, he turned her into a laurel tree.

Apollo and Daphne Zeus

He has a son and a daughter

The son is called "Apollo"

He is a handsome man The boy is extremely powerful

He is the "Sun God" in charge of the sun

The daughter is the "Moon Goddess" in charge of the moon

One day

Apollo received instructions from his father to shoot a monster~

On the way back, he saw a child playing with a bow

He walked up to the child He said in front of him: "You kids are not allowed to play with bows" and showed him the monsters he had shot~`~~so he said a lot of contemptuous words~

That kid is Irok who is in charge of love

Some people also called him Cupid

Cupid was very angry at Apollo's words

He said: "Do you believe it or not, I will shoot you with my arrow."

Of course Apollo didn’t believe it

So Cupid shot two special arrows into the sky

The first arrow will make people fall deeply in love

The second arrow prevents people from being attracted to the opposite sex~~~~~

The first arrow hit Apollo

The second arrow He shot the daughter of the river god, a beautiful girl named Daphne. She was the most beautiful woman in the divine world

As soon as Apollo saw Daphne, he fell deeply in love with her

His love for her was as uncontrollable as a disease.

He followed Danifu like a shadow

However, the girl admired the moon goddess and wanted to follow her to become an eternal virgin, so she was very interested in men

Repulsive and completely ignored Apollo's pursuit.

But Apollo did not give up

One day Apollo saw Daphne in the woods

He walked over and wanted to confess to her

But because of the effect of Cupid's arrow

She kept running away from him~ The more Daphne ran, the more panicked she became, because this time Apollo was determined not to let her leave, and he was about to catch up

At that time

Finally she stopped because he was blocked by a big river~

Daphne shouted to the river in front of him for help

: "Dad, please open your mouth and swallow me."

The river god always loved this beautiful daughter, so he used the river god to turn her into a laurel tree. Apollo saw it and turned her into a laurel tree. Daphne felt extremely remorseful. He hugged the laurel tree and apologized to her, and stated that although she could not become his wife, his love for her would never change and he would use her wood to make his.

Harp, adorn his bow with her flowers, that she may remain young forever, without fear of aging.

Later, the laurel branches were taken off and woven into laurel wreaths, which were given to all those who achieved something. This is the origin of "laurel wreath". Text

Danphne is a charming fairy. One day when she was happily playing in the forest, she found the sun god Apollo staring at her with unusual surprise and envy. The rays of the sun made her run away in fear. The eager Sun God followed, shouting at the top of her lungs to make her stop. Her beauty and grace triggered his passion. He was afraid that this would be their last appearance. The fast-footed fairy ran as fast as she could, but the emotional Apollo kept pursuing her. She crossed the moors and passed through the unfrequented woods, but the footsteps of the pursuers came closer. As he chased, he begged his beloved fairy to slow down. He was afraid that the fairy's shining skin would be scratched if she fell on the stone path. But the fleeing fairy didn't care about this at all.

She doesn't even glance behind her, and eventually she gasps for help from her father, the river god. Her plea was answered immediately. She soon found herself glued to the ground. Then, a layer of soft bark grew on her tender skin, and she turned into a laurel tree. The sun god sighed and hugged the trunk, and the trunk shrank. In order to express his undying love for the fairy, he made the laurel tree his favorite tree species, and decided to use it as a reward of honor and prestige, awarding it to those eternal poets and poems that will last forever. Therefore, the most outstanding poets always hope to obtain the title of Poet Laureate