What conditions and equipment do hotels need to cultivate seafood?

Seafood culture technology in large hotels

In addition to sea crystal, feeding seafood generally requires the following equipment:

Salinity meter. Used to detect the salinity of seawater in seafood pool; 、

Thermometer. Used to measure the water temperature in seafood pool. Because most seafood lives in cold waters and is very sensitive to temperature changes, it is necessary to continuously monitor the water temperature in seafood pool.

Constant temperature system: seafood pool special constant temperature machine, set the water temperature suitable for seafood to meet the living conditions of seafood;

Circulating filtration system. Make the water in seafood pool circulate, filter and flow up and down, purify the water quality, and naturally aerate in the flow;

Inflator. Seafood pool oxygen production equipment;

Filter screen. Screen-like, it can filter impurities and purify water quality during the circulating flow of pool water.

Water quality detection reagents: including PH value detection reagents, dissolved oxygen detection reagents, ammonia nitrogen detection reagents, nitrite detection reagents and hydrogen sulfide detection reagents.

From the functions of the above equipment, it can be seen that the key points for feeding seafood are the temperature in seafood pool, the salinity of the pond water and the oxygenation of the pond water. Therefore, when feeding seafood, we must control the temperature and salt concentration of the pool water, and at the same time, we must master the correct oxygen-increasing method.

There must be a misunderstanding when adding oxygen, that is, many people think that the more oxygen the better when feeding seafood, so they use a lot of oxygen pumps to add oxygen to the pool. In fact, excessive use of oxygen cylinders is easy to kill seafood. The ideal method is to use circulating water equipment to make the pool water naturally oxygenated during the flow. Only in individual cases (for example, a species is not suitable for polyculture, so circulating water cannot be used) can oxygen pumps be used as appropriate.

When feeding seafood, there is still a misunderstanding, that is, excessive pursuit of the clarity of the pool water. In fact, in the process of feeding, feces, secretions or impurities produced by seafood can be removed by filters, as long as the water quality is kept clean, and it is not necessary to pursue the purity of water color. For example, feeding lobsters is considered to be the best state when the water is light brown just after feeding for a period of time. Another thing to pay attention to when feeding seafood is to disinfect the pool water regularly. Because most of the current seafood is artificially raised along the coast, the resistance is poor, so it is necessary to disinfect the pool water frequently. The commonly used bactericide is mainly Lanbao liquid. Every time you change water, drop 2 ~ 3 drops per 100 kg.

Let's talk about the specific feeding methods and precautions of several common seafood.

Spots: The so-called spots mainly refer to oriental star spots, stone spots, Su Mei spots, rat spots and so on. Spot is extremely sensitive to temperature, so the water temperature must be controlled at a warm level (about 20℃), and a thermostat should be used when the temperature is low in winter. At the same time, the quality of water is also high. Generally, water needs to be changed once a week, and the salt water concentration is about 24 ~ 26. In addition, all groupers can be mixed except groupers.

Left-handed fish: Left-handed fish like cold, and the lower the temperature, the better. When you put your hand into the water, you should feel a tingling sensation. Left-handed fish can be fed for half a month at most, and the water needs to be changed once a week, and the salt water concentration is between 23 and 24.

Shrimp: At present, there are common prawns, Neopenaeus monodon and snail prawns on the market. The water temperature is about 17℃, and the salt water concentration is 17 ~ 18. Shrimp is the most delicate in seafood, and it can only survive 1 ~ 2 days even if it is carefully raised. Moreover, dead shrimps are easy to deteriorate water quality after death, so it is necessary to pick out dead shrimps at any time so as not to affect live shrimps. Shrimp cultivation needs special personnel to raise it.

Shellfish: Common shellfish include scallops, scallops, mussels and snails. They are all animals that like cold. There are two kinds of shellfish: dry culture and water culture. Dry culture means feeding without water. But no matter which method is adopted, the temperature should be kept at about 0℃. If it is dry, wrap the shellfish with crushed ice for storage; If it is water feeding, it is necessary to constantly add ice cubes to the water and start the refrigeration equipment at the same time. The brine concentration of hydroponic shellfish is between 18 ~ 20.

Mussels like mussels: Mussels like mussels also belong to shellfish, but they are special, so they are listed separately. Mussels need the same temperature and salt water concentration as left-handed fish and can be mixed with left-handed fish.

These are just some common seafood feeding common sense. Although it is raised, it is generally not eaten because seafood will be used for cooking soon after purchase.

Water temperature, salinity, survival period and feeding method of common seafood varieties;

Australian lobster: summer water temperature 12- 15℃, winter water temperature 18- 19℃, salinity 24-26%. Generally, lobsters can live for a week and change water once every three months without muddy water. Because Australian lobsters are vigorous and active, except crayfish,

Xiaoqinglong (crayfish): water temperature 17- 18℃, salinity 24-26%. Generally, it can survive for 3-4 days. You can mix lobster. Dolphin and saury: water temperature 18- 19℃, salinity 16- 18%. Feed 15 days at most, and change the water once a week. They can be mixed.

Chinese mitten-handed crab, rare crab, swimming crab and cream crab: water temperature 17- 19℃, salinity 23-24%. Generally, it can live for 7 days, and all crabs can be mixed.

Meretrix meretrix: water temperature 13- 15℃, salinity 12- 15%. They can live for about five days. Generally, they are fed by running water, and there are no contraindications for mixed culture of these shellfish, but they are placed separately because of their small size.

Sturgeon, stickleback and shrimp: water temperature 12- 15℃, salinity 0. Because sturgeon is fierce, it needs to be fed separately, and other species can be mixed.

Shrimp, Neopenaeus monodon, snail shrimp and grass shrimp: water temperature 18- 19℃, salinity 16- 18%, and can live for 1-2 days at most. Because shrimp can easily deteriorate the water quality, it should be changed every 1 day. Because hotels feed a lot, they usually feed them alone.

Left-handed fish: the water temperature is about -2℃ and the salinity is 24-25%. Can feed 15 days at most, and need to change the water once a week.

Scallop, scallop, mussel and snail: water temperature 0℃, salinity 18-20%. They can be kept for up to 3 days and are usually fed with tap water. These shellfish generally have no contraindications to polyculture, but they are all placed separately because of their small size.

Raw materials for spots such as East Star Spot, Stone Spot, Su Mei Spot, Rat Spot and Tiger Spot: water temperature is about 20℃ (constant temperature is required in winter) and salinity is 24-26%. Generally, change the water once a week, and you can mix the rest.

Mytilus: The water temperature is about -2℃ and the salinity is 24-25%. Generally, it can be stored for 5 days, and the water is changed once every 2 days on average. Can be mixed with left-handed fish.

California bass: the water temperature is 23-28℃, although the origin of California bass is pure fresh water; However, as long as the salinity is kept below 10%, it can generally survive for 20-30 days, change water once a week, and can be mixed with other fish species.

Live abalone: water temperature 12- 15℃, salinity 10- 12%. It can be stored for 15 days at most, and the water is changed once every five days on average. Generally, it is fed alone.

Live sea cucumber: the water temperature is about 15℃ and the salinity is 10-22%. It can be stored for up to 3 days, and the water is changed once every 2 days on average. Generally, it is fed alone.

Meretrix meretrix, snail, Meretrix meretrix and swan egg: the water temperature is 65438 00℃ and the salinity is about 65438 02%, which can be stored for up to 5 days. Generally, these shellfish are fed with running water. Generally, there is no contraindication to polyculture, but they are raised separately because of their small size.

Precautions:

1. When tap water hooks seawater, it should be allowed to stand for more than 12 hours in advance to remove impurities in the water. 2. Seawater essence is a special salt for feeding seafood and cannot be replaced by ordinary salt.

Feeding seafood does not mean that the more oxygen, the better. If too much oxygen is filled, the gas discharged by the oxygen pump will kill seafood.

4. The pool water should be disinfected frequently with sapphire solution, and 2-3 drops of water should be dropped every 100 kg every time the water is changed.

Little seafood's temporary support method:

1. Use circulating water for a long time to exchange cool and clean seawater to water dishes with less seafood;

2, the water temperature is controlled within 65438 08 degrees Celsius;

3, the water depth is not more than 2 cm;

It's best to find some clean sand and bury little seafood in it for a long time.

5. Be careful not to use strong light or exposure.