Kong Yiji wrote six things about Kong Yiji in this article.

1, drinkers exposed their weaknesses and made fun of Kong for stealing.

2. The drinker teased Kong Yiji for not going to school.

3. Confucius taught the little guy to read.

4. Give the children fennel beans.

5. The hole was punctured by a puncture.

Step 6 "walk" into the hotel by hand

Kong Yiji in Modern Luxun's Works;

The layout of hotels in Luzhen is different from other places: they are all big counters facing the street, with hot water inside, which can warm wine at any time. People who go to work often spend four coppers to buy a bowl of wine after work in the afternoon and evening. This was more than twenty years ago, and now every bowl has to rise to ten pence. Standing outside the cupboard, they drank hot drinks and had a rest.

If you are willing to spend an extra penny, you can buy a dish of salted bamboo shoots or fennel beans as a drink. You can buy a meat dish for a dozen pence. But most of these customers are short-sleeved gangs, and they are generally not so rich. Only people in robes walk into the house next to the shop, ask for wine and vegetables, and sit and drink slowly.

I have been working as a waiter at Xianheng Hotel in Zhenkou since I was twelve years old. The store said that I was too stupid, and I was afraid that I couldn't serve the customers in the gown, so I did something outside. Although the customers with short coats outside are easy to talk to, they also have a lot of nagging, which makes people confused.

They often have to watch the yellow rice wine scoop out of the jar with their own eyes, see if there is water at the bottom of the pot, and then put the pot in hot water, and then rest assured that it is difficult to mix water under such serious supervision. So a few days later, the shopkeeper said I couldn't do it. Fortunately, the person in charge of the recommendation was very generous. Without being dismissed, he changed to a boring position specializing in warm wine.

Since then, I have been standing at the counter all day, taking charge of my duties. Although there is no dereliction of duty, I always feel a bit monotonous. The shopkeeper looked at lost face, and the customers had nothing to be humorous about, which made people look lively. Only Kong Yiji could laugh when he got to the store, so he remembered.

Kong Yiji was the only one standing drinking and wearing a gown. He is very tall; Blue and white face, often with some scars between wrinkles; A shaggy gray beard. Although I am wearing a robe, it is dirty and torn. It seems that it hasn't been mended or washed for more than ten years. He is always full of big talk when talking to people, which makes people half understand.

Because his surname is Kong, others gave him a nickname, Kong Yiji, which comes from the semi-understood word "Shang Da Ren Kong Yiji" on red paper. As soon as Kong Yiji arrived at the store, all the drinkers looked at him and smiled. Some shouted: "Kong Yiji, you have added a new scar on your face!" He didn't answer. He said to the cupboard, "Heat two bowls of wine and ask for a plate of fennel beans."

I will pay a lot of money. They shouted loudly again: "You must have stolen from others again!" Kong Yiji opened his eyes and said, "How can you make people innocent out of thin air ..." "What innocence? I saw with my own eyes what book you stole and hung it up the day before yesterday. "

Kong Yiji blushed and the veins stood out on his forehead, arguing that "stealing books is not stealing ... stealing books! ..... how can you steal the matter of a scholar? " The incomprehensible words such as "the gentleman is poor" and "the villain is poor" caused everyone to laugh: the air inside and outside the store was filled with joy.

Listening to people talking behind their backs, Kong Yiji also read books, but in the end he didn't go to school and couldn't make a living; So I became poorer and poorer, ready to beg. Fortunately, I wrote a good hand, so I copied books for others and got a bowl of rice. Unfortunately, he also has a bad temper, that is, he is lazy to drink. After sitting for less than a few days, people disappeared with books, paper, pens and inkstones.

If so, several times, no one asked him to copy the book. If there is no law in Kong Yiji, it is inevitable to do some stealing occasionally. But in our shop, his character is better than others, that is, he never defaults; Although there is no cash occasionally, it will be temporarily recorded on the chalk board, but it will be paid off within one month, and Kong Yiji's name will be erased from the chalk board.

Kong Yiji drank half a bowl of wine, and her red face gradually recovered. Someone asked, "Kong Yiji, can you really read?" Kong Yiji looked at the person who asked him and showed disdain.

They went on to say, "Why can't you even get half a scholar?" Kong Yiji immediately a face of depression, face was full of gray, he said something. This time, it's all nonsense, and some don't understand. At this time, everyone laughed: the inside and outside of the store were full of happy air.

"How about zai? Not much. "

On several occasions, the children in the neighborhood laughed and rushed to the scene and surrounded Kong Yiji. He gave each of them one. After eating the beans, the child was still wandering, staring at the plate. Kong Yiji panicked, held out five fingers to cover the plate, bent down and said, "Not much, I don't have much." Straightening up, he looked at the beans, shook his head and said, "No more, no more!" how much is it? Not much. "So this group of children got separated in laughter.

Kong Yiji is so cheerful, but without him, others will live like this.

One day about two or three days before the Mid-Autumn Festival, the shopkeeper was slowly checking out, took off his pink board and suddenly said, "Kong Yiji hasn't been here for a long time. I still owe nineteen dollars! " I think he hasn't come for a long time, too.

A drinker said, "Why did he come?" ..... he broke his leg. "The shopkeeper said," Oh! " "He's still stealing. This time, I lost my mind and stole it to Ding's house.

Did you steal from his house? ""What happened? " "how about it? Write your defense first, then type, until midnight, and then break your leg. "

"What happened later?" "Then I broke my leg." "How about a discount?" "Why? ..... who knows? Maybe it's dead. " The shopkeeper stopped asking and continued to calculate the account slowly.

After the Mid-Autumn Festival, the autumn wind is getting colder every day, and it's almost early winter. I have a fever all day, so I must put on a cotton-padded jacket. There were no customers in the second half, so I sat with my eyes closed. Suddenly I heard a voice, "Warm a bowl of wine."

Although the voice is extremely low, it is very familiar. No one was there when I watched it. Standing up and looking out, Kong Yiji sat on the threshold under the counter. His face is black and thin, and his figure is out of shape; Wear a worn-out jacket with legs crossed, put a cattail bag under it and hang it on your shoulder with a straw rope; When he saw me, he said, "Heat a bowl of wine."

The shopkeeper also put his head out and said, "Kong Yiji? You still owe nineteen dollars! " Kong Yiji was very unhappy and replied on his back, "This ... will be paid next time. This time it is cash, and wine is better. " The shopkeeper smiled and said to him as usual, "Kong Yiji, you stole again!" "

But this time, he didn't argue too much, just said, "Stop joking!" " "Make fun of? How can you break your leg if you don't steal it? " Kong Yiji whispered, "Break, fall, fall ..." His eyes seemed to be pleading with the shopkeeper, so don't mention it again. At this time, several people had gathered, and the shopkeeper smiled and said, I'll heat the wine and take it out and put it on the threshold.

He took four pence out of his tattered pocket and put it in my hand. When he saw that his hand was covered with mud, it turned out that he had come with this hand. Soon, after drinking, he sat and walked slowly with this hand in the laughter of others.

I haven't seen Kong Yiji for a long time since then. At the end of the year, the shopkeeper took off the powder board and said, "Kong Yiji still owes nineteen dollars!" On the Dragon Boat Festival the following year, he said, "Kong Yiji still owes nineteen dollars!" I didn't say anything until the Mid-Autumn Festival, and I didn't see him at the end of the year.

I didn't see him at last-maybe Kong Yiji really died.

Extended data writing background:

Kong Yiji wrote it in the winter of 19 18. At that time, "New Youth" was taken as the position. Although the prologue of the New Culture Movement has begun, the countercurrent of feudal retro is still rampant. Although 1906 abolished the imperial examination system, the social foundation for training people like Kong Yiji still exists, and the Confucian and Mencius' way is still the core content of social education, so it is possible to produce a new "Kong Yiji".

To save the younger generation, we must not let them follow the old path of Kong Yiji. Lu Xun chose the Xianheng Hotel in Luzhen, a corner of the society, to artistically show the life of this poor intellectual in the society more than 20 years ago, that is, by comparing Kong Yiji's life track with the current education situation at that time, to inspire readers to think about social education and school education at that time and criticize the feudal education system and the imperial examination system.

/kloc-at the end of 0/9 century, the Qing government was corrupt and the people were in poverty. The imperial examination system since Sui and Tang Dynasties is still prevalent. A few literati climbed to the dominant position, but most of the lower intellectuals were down and out. Kong Yiji, the hero of the novel Kong Yiji, is a typical example in Lu Xun's works.

After the Revolution of 1911 (19 1 1), Yuan Shikai proclaimed himself emperor, the restoration forces flourished, and the revolutionary achievements were stolen. Before and after the May 4th Movement, although the imperial examination system was abolished, feudal cultural education was still deeply rooted, feudal education was still carried out in other ways, and the people were still in a state of lethargy.

1965438+The October Revolution in 2007 brought Marxism–Leninism to China. Li Dazhao, a revolutionary intellectual in China, led and instigated the New Culture Movement and lashed out at feudal cultural education.

In order to angrily attack the feudal system and culture, to "describe the society or a kind of life, please read it" and to "attract medical attention", Mr. Lu Xun wrote the novel Kong Yiji in the winter of 19 18 after Diary of a Madman.

Appreciation of articles:

This work is a famous novel by Lu Xun, a master of modern literature in China, and it is also one of the classic short stories in the history of China literature in the 20th century. With extremely frugal pen and ink and typical details of life, the author created the image of Kong Yiji, a scholar who was cruelly abandoned at the bottom of society, lived in poverty and was finally swallowed up by powerful dark forces.

Kong Yiji's pitiful and ridiculous personality and tragic ending are not only vivid portrayal of the unfortunate fate of the broad masses of lower-class intellectuals in old China, but also the concrete expression of the "cannibalism" essence of the feudal traditional cultural atmosphere in China. It reveals the indifference of feudal society, the indifference and numbness of people, and the cruelty of society to the unfortunate, which reflects the decay and morbidity of feudal society from one side.

The article then describes the portrait of Kong Yiji in detail. Gradually portray his personality characteristics. "Very high" means that he already has the conditions to make a living; "Pale face" and "There are often some scars between wrinkles" indicate that his living conditions are not good, and he is often tortured by life and humiliated by others; Then when Kong Yiji arrived at the store, the drinkers exposed his shortcomings and made fun of him.

At first, he didn't answer. When people repeatedly exposed his "scars" and teased him, the proud Kong Yiji had to get up and complain, "How can you defile people's innocence out of thin air?" "Stealing books is not stealing … stealing books!"! The result of his argument was "to make everyone laugh".

Here, the author vividly shows the absurdity and sadness of Kong Yiji. He was the object of ridicule, and his arrival filled the inside and outside of the store with joyful air. In this passage, the author vividly depicts the image of a poor and pedantic lower-class intellectual through the above portrait description and shows it to readers.

While portraying the sadness in Kong Yiji's character and criticizing his feudal backward consciousness, the author also showed his kindness and sympathy. For example, he wrote that he taught me to read and gave fennel beans to children, but his conduct in the store was better than others, that is, he never defaulted on his debts and wrote a good hand.

These descriptions aroused readers' resentment against the feudal society and the imperial examination system that poisoned and destroyed him. This is the social root of Kong Yiji's tragedy. Kong Yiji is an unfortunate man, who lives in a numb and indifferent social environment. Kong Yiji suffered more mentally than physically.

Kong Yiji was a weak person who couldn't find his place in the society at that time. He used everyone's laughter to run through such a sad story, which set off and strengthened the tragic effect of the novel.

This kind of guffaw is a numb laugh, which adds a suffocating sadness to Kong Yiji's tragedy. On the one hand, it is tragic experience and pain, on the other hand, it is not sympathy and tears, but boring jokes and fun. It is even more sad to write sadness in a happy environment, which shows that Kong Yiji's tragedy is not a personal tragedy, but a social tragedy, and the anti-feudal significance of his works is far-reaching.

Feudal order is the foundation of feudal society. Under such a hierarchical feudal rule, the people's vitality, enthusiasm and sympathy were stifled and they became insensitive, selfish and indifferent. In the short coat gang's mind, it is also believed that since "learning to be excellent is an official", Kong Yiji, who can't even catch half a scholar, is of course a rotten product, which is only worth mocking and making fun of.

They didn't realize that they were at the bottom of the oppressed society like Kong Yiji under the feudal order, which was also very tragic, so they didn't sympathize with and help such an unfortunate person as Kong Yiji. On the contrary, they only know how to laugh in a tired and depressed life and seek a moment of happiness.

Accurate and vivid use of words is a major feature of this article. It is embodied in describing static things with specific verbs, such as "he is tall; His face is blue and white, and there are often some scars between wrinkles. They added, "Why aren't there even half a scholar?" ",or through the continuous use of different words to reveal the changes in the situation of the characters.

For example, Kong Yiji said to the cabinet, "Warm two bowls of wine and ask for a plate of fennel. "I will pay a lot of money." "He took four pence out of his broken pocket and put it in my hand." In contrast, Kong Yiji was rich when he was discharged from hospital. Later, when my leg was broken and I was poor, I used "feeling it out" to describe it. The word "touch" shows that he doesn't have much money in his broken pocket, but he is always groping around trying to find more pennies.

The novel quietly tells the tragic experience of Kong Yiji in the tone of an inexperienced hotel waiter. It seems dull and relaxed, but in fact it contains profound critical power.

It is worth noting that the narrator "I" actually recalls the scenes that happened more than 20 years ago in the tone of a middle-aged intellectual with rich experience and profound understanding of social life. -Things have changed for more than 20 years, and the teenagers in those years have already reached middle age, far away from Luzhen and Xianheng Hotel.

However, I am still infatuated with poor Kong Yiji and his attitude towards Kong Yiji at that time. One can imagine the complicated hidden songs in the heart, but the author deliberately hides the real thoughts in his heart and speaks slowly in a subtle and plain tone, which adds to the artistic charm of the novel.