Translation of Qin Fu Yin

Translation:

In the spring and March of the year of Zhonghe Guimao, outside Luoyang, although the flowers were still in full bloom, there were no pedestrians on the four roads, so there was no dust. Suddenly I saw a woman resting under the poplar. Her hair is fluffy, her temples are disheveled, and her brows are tight, as if she were very sad. I asked the girl where she came from. The girl's voice choked before she answered.

Later, he turned to me and said, "I came here because of the mutiny. I fell in Chang 'an for three years, and I still remember the situation there. If you are willing to untie my saddle and dismount for me and have a rest here, I can also stay for you to talk about my experience.

On the morning of the fifth day of the twelfth lunar month, the year before last, I opened the mirror box, but I didn't bother to comb my hair. I leaned against the railing alone and was closing the cage to teach the parrot to talk. Suddenly I saw the dust flying outside the door, and then I saw someone playing drums in the street. The residents went out in a panic, and the officials who went to the court rushed home, suspecting that the news they had heard was inaccurate.

At this time, some government troops marched into the city in the west, intending to be transferred to Tongguan as a guard. At the same time, news came that the Kyoto garrison, Boye Army, had resisted the enemy, and the enemy would not enter the city for a while. Who knows that my master rode back, and everyone was crazy. He said: I saw that the emperor had fled from the city, and the enemy's white flags were everywhere and rushed into the city.

People are calling to each other to help the old and the young, climbing the walls, being at a loss, hiding from Tibet, and the room is in chaos. Outside the door are horses and horses galloping like wild animals. The wheels rolled like noisy thunder from the ground. There was a fire in the imperial city, and fireworks rose from twelve streets in Chang' an city.

There is no light in the sun, and God stares silently. Surrounded by clouds, officials and stars are like disasters. When the emperor changed his place of residence, the purple gas moved with him, and Taixing was also separated by the demon light of the enemy.

every family is bleeding like a spring, and the grievances everywhere are shocking. Maiko singers and even children have been abandoned. The beauty in the east has just finished painting her eyebrow makeup, and she looks stunning. I was plundered by soldiers in a military car, and when I looked back, my sweet lady burst into tears. When you turn around, you have to draw a gold thread to learn to sew a military flag, and you have to get on a carved saddle and be taught to ride a horse.

Sometimes when I see my husband right away, I dare not look back, only tears remain. The girl in the west is like a fairy, with eyes like autumn water. After makeup, she only appreciates the mirror. She is very young and doesn't listen to things outside the window. A soldier suddenly jumped on her steps and tried to insult her. She refused to go out because she refused to be humiliated. Poor pink lady died by the thief's sword.

The woman in the south doesn't know her last name. She is a newly married bride. Walking on the glazed steps is light and silent, and only a faint shadow can be seen between the jade curtains. Suddenly I saw the sound of swords in the courtyard, and I was separated from my head in an instant. Her sisters hid their faces and cried, and they all jumped into the well. The young woman in the north was in a hurry to escape, and immediately took off her jewelry and makeup.

But the soldiers have already knocked on the door and climbed into the heavy house in a hurry. After a while, I saw flames coming from all sides and wanted to come down, but the stairs had been burned down. Shouting for help in the fireworks, but it was too late, hanging on the beam and burned to ashes. Fortunately, I was not killed, but I was intimidated by the soldiers and dared not refuse. I had to comb my hair and barely show my eyebrows, pretend to smile and follow him.

from then on, I can't go home, and my four relatives and six relatives have also cut off contact. It has been three years since I fell into the hands of Huang Chao soldiers. I was surprised and worried all day. I slept in heavily guarded weapons at night and ate only the hearts of people who were killed blindly every day. Although I slept with that soldier, there was no joy there. Although I got a lot of gold and silver treasures, they are not my favorite.

Because that soldier is unkempt and looks like a "red-browed thief", he always doesn't like it when he looks at it again and again. These people are not dressed neatly, and most of them speak with foreign accents. Those who have made meritorious deeds have tattoos and carvings on their faces. Officials in Baitai and Lanzhou provinces are full of foxes and ghosts.

I didn't leave my hair long, but I wore a hairpin. I slept at night, and I didn't even take off my robe, so I was wrapped in an embroidered quilt. People who are three officials can't even hold the court, but often turn it upside down; People who have been two histories even hang goldfish upside down. These people go to court in the morning to play things, and they are all coaxed into drinking in hotels in the afternoon and evening.

One day, at dawn, people in the city woke up with a start, shouting or whispering. It is said that spies on horseback entered the imperial city last night and reported that the loyalist had recovered Chishui town. Chishui Town is located in the west of Chang 'an and the east of Weinan County, which is more than one hundred miles away from Chang 'an. If loyalists set out in the morning, they should be able to reach Chang 'an in the evening.

After hearing the news, the murderers on horseback all swallowed their voices, and their female companions who were occupied by them were secretly happy in the house. Everyone thinks that these demons will die today, and everyone's grievances can be dispelled. After a while, another man came riding a horse to spread the news that a large group of loyalists had entered the city.

At this time, Huang Chao's general, Da Peng Xiao Peng, was worried, and Huang Chao and his brother got on the horse and cried. However, after a few days, there was no news. Everyone thought that Huang Chao had surrendered to the loyalist. Who knows that they waved flags and danced swords again, and came back happily, and said that the loyalist had suffered a big defeat.

Although the loyalists withdrew from Chang 'an, they still surrounded Chang 'an, which prevented the grain transportation in Huang Chao. The price of rice in the city is soaring, and the food supply is difficult. There is only bark to eat in Shang Rang's kitchen, but only cut human flesh is served on Huang Chao's dining table. People starved to death in batches and were buried in ravines, so there were more graves and fewer people.

There are starving zombies outside the camp gate of the Guards, and the camp is full of dead people. The entire capital of Chang 'an is deserted, with eight streets and nine cities, a bustling place in the past, and now wheat seedlings have grown. The flowers and trees in the apricot garden have been cut down to make firewood; The willows on both sides of the imperial ditch were also cut down because soldiers built stockades.

all the gorgeous houses, splendid scenery and silk mats have been sold away; The wealth of Zhu Men Jia Di has been ruined by more than half. The Hanyuan Temple and Calyx Building in the palace are already full of thorns, and the foxes and hares are allowed to March. All in all, the prosperity of the past has disappeared; What you can see with your eyes, you can't see the old characters.

The palace's splendid inner vault, where treasures are stored, has been burned into a pile of ashes; Walking in the sky street, the bones of the nobles are all under your feet. Walking out of the East Gate that morning, the scenery outside the city was like a traffic jam. Soldiers are often seen patrolling along the way, and there is no excitement of picking up and dropping off guests under the hillside like in peacetime.

Looking east at Baling, there is no sign of people. Although there are still lush trees on Mount Li, the magnificent pavilions and halls have disappeared. In the past, the avenue of chariots and horses has become a jungle of thorns; There is no hotel on the road, so travelers have to sleep in the open air at the foot of the broken wall at night.

The next morning, when I arrived at Sanfeng Road, I saw that the villages and towns were sparsely populated, the countryside was ruined, and the bamboo trees lost their owners, all of which were devastated. Walk past Huashan Temple and ask the mountain gods. The mountain god said,' I am more worried than you, and I have nothing to say. The ancient cypress trees in front of the temple were all cut down, leaving only residual tillers; The bronze incense burner in the temple has also been eclipsed and covered with dust.

since Huang Chao rose up to revolt, it has been dark and stormy. The magic water on the incense table has also lost its mana, and the spell is ineffective; The shadow soldiers and generals on the murals will not show their magical powers. At ordinary times, they are sacrificed by the people, but now they have no magical power to help the people in times of crisis. I really can't be a god, and I am very ashamed; Had to hide in the deep mountains.

Now there is no sound of flute pipes in my temple, and no one has come to offer me three sacrifices. I have no choice but to send the devil to the village to kill several men and women. " After listening to the words of the mountain god, I became more and more sad. It turned out that this was a disaster from heaven, and neither God nor man could help it. God wants to take refuge in the deep mountains, so there is no need to blame many generals in the East.

After walking out of Tongguan, I looked up and saw Jingshan Mountain. Entering the border of Guozhou is like coming to the world from hell, and suddenly I feel that the world is at leisure and a peaceful scene. Shaanxi coach is loyal and steadfast, and he is dedicated to guarding the city. Commander Pujin can restrain the soldiers, and there is not even a dog barking. Early in the morning, with treasures; At night, with gold hairpin in his head, he walked alone, and no robbers came to rob him.

The next morning, in the eastern suburb of Xin 'an, I was looking for tea, and I met an old man with a pale face, hiding in a pile of reeds. I asked the old man where he came from, and why he stayed in the reeds in such a cold day. The old man wanted to answer, so he sat down with his hands on his head and cried. Later, he said,' I am a local, and my family has 2 fertile fields, and I have to pay 3 million taxes every year.

Little girls at home can knit silk to make gowns and gowns, while middle-aged women can cook red millet rice. There are thousands of granaries in the home, storing ten thousand boxes of grain. After Huang Chao's army, there is still half left. Since the loyalist drove to Luoyang, patrols have come to the village dock day and night to harass. They drew their swords, waved the white tiger flag, dismounted and rushed in like a whirlwind, and robbed my house completely.

since there is nothing left at home, we have to separate our flesh and blood and make a living separately. I am a lonely old man now. It's not worth mentioning that I suffer alone, but there are still tens of millions of refugees in the mountains. When I am hungry during the day, I eat grass roots and sleep in the open air at night. "

after listening to the sad words of the old man, I cried all day, and tears fell like rain. When you go out, you only see the owl, but no one is there. If you want to go further east, I don't know where to go. I heard that the road to Kaifeng was broken, and I heard that Pengcheng was in civil strife. The countryside and the river are full of dead bodies killed by soldiers. It happened that someone came from Jinling and said that the situation in Jiangnan was very different. Since Huang Chao's army invaded the Central Plains, the south of the Yangtze River was peaceful, and there was no war in the suburbs.

The commander over there cracked down on thieves like a divine power, and loved the people as children. The city over there is too strong to attack. There are a lot of taxes paid to the barracks everywhere. When all corners of the country are in chaos like a flood, a unique piece of land in the south of the Yangtze River is flat as a rock.

I am a native of Beijing, but now I am fleeing in a foreign land; Because I long for safety, I envy being a ghost in Jiangnan. I hope you will sail eastward as soon as possible and dedicate this long poem to Xianggong in the south of the Yangtze River.

Extended information:

1. Creative background

From the winter of the first year of Guangming in Tang Xizong (88) to the spring of the third year of Zhonghe (883), that is, more than two years after the Huang Chao Uprising Army entered Chang 'an, the peasant uprising in the late Tang Dynasty reached a climax and reached a turning point. Due to the strategic missteps of farmers' leaders and the crazy repression of Li and Tang dynasties, the struggle was unprecedented and cruel, and the people suffered great suffering and heavy sacrifices.

Wei Zhuang immediately detained Chang 'an in response to the arrest, but his brothers and sisters in the army were separated for a time and were ill for many days. He became a witness to this great social change that shocked the land of China. After a period of brewing, in the second year after he left Chang 'an, that is, in the third year of neutralization, he wrote this epic in Luoyang, the eastern capital of his life.

2. Appreciation

The whole poem of Qin Fu Yin can be divided into four major paragraphs. The first paragraph, consisting of 16 lines from the beginning of "March in the Spring of Neutralization and Guimao" to "My concubine also stops with your jade toe", is the introduction of the whole poem, describing the situation that the author met a woman (that is, Qin Fu) on the way from Chang 'an to Luoyang, the capital of the east.

In the second paragraph, from "the fifth day of the twelfth lunar month of the year before last" to "Tian Jie treads on the bones of officials and ministers", * * * is 65 and 13 sentences. This section can be divided into six levels, which describe the situation of the peasant army after it entered the city. Sixteen sentences from "the fifth day of the twelfth lunar month of the year before last" to "White flags have been seen everywhere" are the first layer, describing the situation of farmers invading the capital on December 5 of the first year of Guangming.

Sixteen sentences, from "supporting the young and rushing to shout" to "Demon light shooting at the stars and tearing them down", are the second level, describing the chaotic situation after the rebel army entered the city. The people hid in Tibet, and court officials fled everywhere. From "every family is bleeding like a spring" to "six relatives have no place to find since then", it is the third level to write about the war disaster suffered by women.

a summary of the first four sentences: every family is bleeding, and there are grievances everywhere, and children are abandoned. Write about the sufferings of women in the neighborhood: the beautiful women in the east were robbed, the women in the west and south died by the sword, and the young women in the north were killed by fire. Finally, the girl herself was intimidated by the soldiers and became a slave. Through women's experiences, the images of Chang 'an women in the war situation and the war are drawn, which has considerable cognitive value.

From "being caught in a thief for three years" to "seeing the wine market at dusk" is the fourth level, which describes the girl's life after she was forced to marry a soldier under Huang Chao, and the various situations of the new rich people she saw. Among them, the phrase "I will wear a hairpin with short hair", etc., uses cartoon pen and ink to portray the peasant generals infatuated with wealth and happiness, get carried away, and portray them vividly and vividly, and the farce is full of sadness.

In the fifth level, from "once five drums were used to start" to "knowing that the loyalist army was defeated", the people in Chang 'an City knew about the situation of Tang Jun's war with the peasant army, which not only showed the hardships and tenacity of the peasant army's struggle, but also saw its declining morale and strength, and it was vividly depicted.

The last level of this section is from "all sides are tied up from Ziduo" to "Tianjie treads on the bones of officials and officials", which describes the situation after Tang Jun was defeated and the peasant army regained Chang 'an. After the war, Kyoto's "Chang 'an is so sad and lonely today, and the deserted streets are full of wheat and seedlings", from the square city to the palace, from the trees to the buildings, "all the prosperity in the past was buried, and the eyes were desolate and there was no reason", and the songs were met.

in particular, "the inner storehouse is burned to splendid ashes, and the sky street is full of bones of officials and ministers", which is a warning sentence and widely circulated. The third section is from "coming at dawn in the east of the city" to "sleeping in the frost at night". This long poem is a comprehensive view of a turbulent era, and its pen touches far more than the peasant army. In the third paragraph, the author refers to the official troops and separatist warlords of the Li and Tang Dynasties.

this paragraph can be divided into four levels, from "coming out of the stranger in the east of the city at dawn" to "pedestrians spend the night on the wall to explore the moon", which is the first level and the preface of this paragraph, describing what girls have seen all the way out of Chang' an. There are soldiers patrolling everywhere; No one is alive; In those days, the pavilions and halls of Taiwan have been chopped away; There is no hotel on the road, and the scenery is like a desolate traffic jam.

From "Dawn to Sanfeng Road in the Ming Dynasty" to "Why blame the princes in the east" is the second level, which describes the situation that the girl continued to travel eastward to Huayin County the next day. Borrowing the golden god to satirize Tongguan Yidong's soldiers to protect themselves, they can't help the peasant army, but indulge their subordinates to abuse the Qiang people. The third level is from "Yang Zhenguan went out again the year before last" to "Jin Chai went alone at dusk".

A woman walks alone in the vast universe, "No one asks about the treasure in the morning, but only the golden hairpin in the evening", and there is dead silence everywhere, even more terrible than the outbreak of war. These descriptions are more expressive than the poems of the ancient mourning in Han and Wei dynasties, such as "Going out without seeing, bones covering the plain", and they are so detailed that they successfully create a horrible atmosphere.

The fourth level is from "the Ming Dynasty passed Xin 'an East again" to "sleeping in the frost at night". In the poem, the Xin 'an old man accused Tang Jun of his sins: their sins were more serious than those of the Huang Chao army. "Thousands of warehouses are filled with Vance boxes, and after Huang Chao, they are still half-disabled", while the sale of troops comes to "getting off the horse at the beginning is like a whirlwind, and the chest is like a comeback".

We spared no effort to rob the property of the people's treasury, which is better than Huang Chao, the "thief". This is one of them. Secondly, the poems vaguely reveal the activities of loyalist killing and even selling human flesh. The poem reads: "Huang Chao cuts human flesh on the plane." "I will blindly enter the liver in the morning and evening." According to "Biography of Huang Chao in the Old Tang Dynasty", "The government and the army all hold a fake surname and get hundreds of thousands from thieves."

If you connect with the words "Sacrifice at the feast is nowhere to be found" and "Deprive the living to seize the day" and "There are thousands of families in the mountains" written at this level, you can see the criminal behavior of the government army to make huge profits by killing people and selling human flesh.

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