Chen Tuan, the man named Chen Bo or in the early Song Dynasty?

Chen Tuan (871 ~ 989) was a famous Taoist scholar in the Five Dynasties and early Song Dynasty. The word figure south, since the number "Fu Yaozi", given the number "Mr. Xiyi". He inherited the tradition of elephant mathematics since the Han Dynasty, and put Huang Lao's quietism thought, Taoist cultivation methods, Confucian cultivation and Buddhist Zen into the first class, which had a great influence on Neo-Confucianism in the Song Dynasty. Later generations called him "the ancestor of Chen Tuan" and "Sleeping Fairy".

Chen Tuan's native place

Bozhou Zhenyuan (now Bo County, Anhui Province) is a native of Puzhou Chongkan (now Tongnan County) (there are also Shaanxi people, Xiluo people and Sichuan Kuizhou people).

according to the legend of seclusion in the east capital, according to the king of the song dynasty, Chen Tuan "began to play in the vortex water at the age of four or five", so Zhenyuan county in Bozhou seems to be his birthplace.

Li Zonge, a native of Taizong and Zhenzong (976 ~ 121) in the Northern Song Dynasty, also called Chen Tuan "a shrine worshipper in Puzhou." It is clearly recorded in Puzhou Tujing, the sub-volume of Xiangfu Tujing, also known as Zhouxian Tujing, edited by Feng Zhao: "Chen Tuan's character is south, and he worships people in niches." "I have long resigned my parents to learn Taoism, or I live in Bo, or I live in Luo, or I live in Huashan as a Chinese." (1) Wang Xiangzhi pointed out: "Another edition of Biezhuan was handed down by Xie Daoyuan, a Taoist priest of Qin Zhen. His disciples have been handed down for more than 2 years, and Mr. Wang was also regarded as a worshipper." ② According to the concept of Qin Zhen, it is in Chongkan Town, Anju County. Perhaps the shrine is its ancestral home, and it is not known. Song Feng Shubao's book titled Xi Yi Zhai in Chongkan Village also clearly stated: "Xi Yi's hometown is located in Anju County, Chongkan Town Erli, at the beginning of the country, that is, its house is Lingshan Temple, and Xuanhe gave the amount of" Qin Zhen ". In the fifth year of Gande in the Northern Song Dynasty (967), the county was abandoned as a town, and the former "Longtai Town" in Chongkan County was placed under the jurisdiction of Chongkan Town. After the integration of the two towns, Chongqin is two towns that live together, which are called "Lvli" for short. Mr. You Shimin of Sichuan Literature and History Museum concluded in "Mr. Chen Tuan's quiz": "According to historical data, we should focus on the first statement and determine that Chen Tuan was born in Kannonji in Anyue County today." (See "Gao Dao Chen Tuan", page 27, Sichuan University Press, 1993) Yunjushan, located in Sanhuali, Anyue County, has Chen Tuan's tomb rebuilt by Chen Guan, the county magistrate. The tombstone engraved with Chen Tuan's "Self-praise inscription" is a unique physical object in China. The rock behind the tomb is engraved with the word "Fushou" written by Chen Tuan, with a diameter of 1.6 meters, and the inscriptions "The Fairy Trace in the South of the Figure" and "The place where Yi was an alchemist" are also engraved on the rock behind the tomb. The Truth Temple still exists, and there is a statue of Chen Tuan in it. Wang Zhijie's poem "The Portrait of Xi Yi in the Temple of Truth" is also a proof. Kannonji in Longxiang Town has Chen Tuan Dam; There is also a Ming Dynasty "Xiyi Hometown Monument" stored in the house of Longxi Animal Husbandry Station; There is a "Xiyi Pool" in Anyue County (now in the Cultural and Sports Bureau), and so on, all of which are recorded in Anyue County Records in various periods.

Chen Tuan was born and died

Chen Tuan was born at the end of the Tang Dynasty. According to the theory of Taoists, he was born on October 1th, 12th year (871) in Xian Tong, Tang Yizong, which is generally consistent with Wei Tai's theory of "born at the end of the Tang Dynasty". The book Preface to Yilong Map, with Preface to Chen Tuan, a shrine in Xishu, died on July 22nd, 989 in Duangong, Song Taizong, at the age of 118.

Chen Tuan's life

When he was young, he was fond of reading hundreds of books on the history of classics. When he read them, he knew that he had never forgotten them, and he had quite a poetic title. In Changxing (93 ~ 933) in the late Tang Dynasty of the Five Dynasties, scholars were not the first to be promoted, so they did not seek official advancement. From the late Jin Dynasty to the later Zhou Dynasty, they entertained landscapes for more than 2 years. He said that he had met Sun Junfang and Chu Shi, and that Jiushiyan in Wudang Mountain could live in seclusion. Because I entered Wudang Mountain, I was convinced to break through the valley, but I drank several cups a day. According to the scholars in the Northern Song Dynasty, he went to Shu in Tianfu (936 ~ 944) in the later Jin Dynasty, and learned the "nose-locking technique" from He Changyi, a Taoist priest in Qiongzhou. Wei Tai called it "or sleep for three years".

Chen Tuan had great ambitions, but he was "too numerous to mention", and he hated the chaos of the Five Dynasties, and he had many high-minded hermits, so he gradually formed the idea of "being born". In the second year of Tianfu (937), when I was in Shu, there was a poem saying, "I said that Fu Rong is really an illusion, and I was drunk to give up and praise Gao Gong. Because of listening to the mysterious theory, I turned to a dream. "

About the last week or a little earlier, Chen Tuan moved to Huashan yuntaiguan and stopped at Shaohua Stone Room. "Every sleeping place can't afford more than a hundred days." According to the National History of the Song Dynasty, during this period, he had close contacts with two other legends, Lv Dongbin and Li Qi (or "Li Qi"). Chen Jingyuan, another disciple, also called him and Tan Qiao teachers and friends. Since then, its name has greatly improved.

In November of the third year of Xiande in the latter Zhou Dynasty (956), Sejong "tried to keep Ying Jie in prison because he was not convinced by the four directions, and tried to build a house with him. If he could not hide his ambition, there would be a wizard who was far away, so he was called to the imperial palace" and asked about the skill of soaring to yellow and white. He replied, "Your Majesty is the son of heaven, and you should take the rule of the world as your service. What should you do with it?" He was ordered to advise the doctor (once he said "worship the left and pick up the remains"), but he refused to accept it. Give the title "Mr. Baiyun" (this is according to Wang Bizhi's "Notes on Lushui Swallows". A scholar, also known as Mr. Baiyun), released to the mountains; He also ordered Tao Gu Cao to write a letter to the secretariat of Huazhou, so that everything must be confessed, and questions should be kept at the age of 18.

in 958, when he showed his virtue for five years, Zhu Xianbi, the secretariat of Chengzhou, resigned and went to his post. Sejong ordered 5 silks and 3 Jin of tea.

Chen Tuan pinned its hopes on Zhao Kuangyin for the reunification of the Five Dynasties and Ten Countries. It is said that Zhao ascended the pole. When he heard the news, he laughed and fell off the donkey and said, "The world will definitely fold this time!"

after entering the song dynasty, Zhao Guangyi, Emperor Taizong, summoned him twice. For the first time in the early years of Taiping and Xingguo, Taizong was very kind. The second time in Taiping for nine years (or the first year of Yongxi, 984). According to records in Records of Emperor Taizong, Long Edited History as a Mirror, A Brief Account of the East Capital and other books, Chen Tuan returned to Bianjing, where he was dressed in feather clothes, and Emperor Taizong paid great attention to it. Song Qi, the prime minister, and others said, "Don't be snobbish; you are a scholar from outside. I have been in Huashan for 4 years, and I am nearly 1 years old. I also say that the world is safe, so I come to Hajj. This meaning can also be read. Even if it leads to the Chinese book, you can try to talk to it. " Song Qi asked: "Mr. Xuan Mo's cultivation can be taught to others?" Chen Tuan replied, "People who slap Shan Ye are useless at the time, and they don't know the skills of the immortal Huang Bai, and they can't pass on the principles of health preservation. What good is it to make the day soar? Today, the Holy Master has a long face and a beautiful appearance. He has a great knowledge of the present and the present, and he is really the Lord of benevolence and holiness. It is precisely because of this that the monarch and the minister are United in heart and mind, and Xinghua is in the autumn of governance, and they practice diligently. " Song Qi's words on the table were more respected by Taizong. In October, the imperial edict was issued, giving him the title of "Mr. Xiyi" and making the company increase the repair of Huashan yuntaiguan. It will be returned to the mountain in a few months.

in 989, Duan Gong died in Zhangchao Valley under Lotus Peak.

The Biography of Chen Tuan, a history of the Song Dynasty, said that Chen Tuan was "able to understand people's wishes" and "easy to read the Book of Changes".

When he lived in seclusion in Wudang Mountain, he wrote eighty-one poems, entitled "Nine Rooms Refers to the Metaphysics", which talked about self-cultivation. He also wrote 5 poems about returning to Dan after entering the room, Yi Long Tu, The Eight Commandments of Red Pine Son (or Record of Red Pine Son) and A Guide to Human Relations (or A Guide to Turtle). There are more than 6 poems and Fables of Three Peaks, Levin Collection, Fishing Pond Collection. According to legend, he passed on "Infinite Map" and "Congenital Map". Quan Song Wen included several articles. Chen Tuan's works entitled "Orthodox Taoist Collection" include "Notes on the Song of Yin Zhenjun Returning to Dan". In the Southern Song Dynasty, Lv Zuqian compiled "The Literature of the Imperial Dynasty" and included it in his "Dragon Map Preface"; In Yuan Dynasty, Zhang Li incorporated the preface and number schema of Yi Long Tu into Yi Xiang Tu Shuo nei pian, which shows his thought of Yi Xiang Tu. Zeng Yao recorded his theory in "Dao Shu Guan Kong", which shows his thought of "five emptiness".

Chen Tuan legend

Chen Chuan, alias Fu Yaozi, is the true source of Haozhou. When he was five years old, he couldn't speak, so he was called "dumb boy". One day, while playing by the water, he met a Tsing Yi woman who claimed to be a hairy girl. The hairy girl carried Chen Chuan to the mountain and fed him a few mouthfuls of nectar (milk). From then on, Chen Chuan opened his mind and began to speak. The hairy girl threw another book into his arms and presented a poem:

The medicine seedlings were not satisfied with it, and it was even more dangerous.

when you look back on your way, you will be in the green smoke.

Chen Tuan couldn't speak. When he came home this day, he suddenly read these four poems. His parents were surprised and asked where he heard them. Chen Tuan said that it was taught by Mao Nv, and took out the book, which turned out to be Zhouyi.

Chen Tuan is a keen reader of the Book of Changes. He practiced Buddhism all his life, wrote 81 chapters of Zhi Xuan Pian, with the main content of guiding cultivation and returning Dan, and devoted himself to guiding cultivation. In his latest book, he developed the method of Taoist cultivation, and created a series of schemata, such as "The Infinite Map". He explored the origin of life and sought ways to prolong life with the theoretical system of "giving birth to people by obedience" and "returning Dan by disobedience", so he was revered as "the ancestor of Chen Tuan" by post-Daoists.

Chen Tuan became familiar with the main idea of gossip, and since then, he has never read any books, so he is on cloud nine and has the ambition to be born. At the age of eighteen, his parents died, so he threw away his family wealth and lived in seclusion in the mountains. Later, I dreamed that Mao Nv taught him the Dafa of refining shape to Qi, refining Qi to God, and refining God to emptiness, and he obeyed.

Scholar-officials came from thousands of miles, but Chen Tuan lay on his side and ignored him. When everyone saw him snoring like thunder, they all sighed and left.

Emperor Mingzong of the later Tang Dynasty heard of his high name, and the Imperial Calligraphy sent messengers to sign him out of the mountain with a letter. Chen Tuan didn't disobey the imperial edict, so he had to come to Luoyang to see the son of heaven. See the son of heaven, Chen Tuan did not worship, full Chao Wenwu frightened to disgrace, Ming zong did not blame, sighed and said, "Gao Shi is not treated with long courtesy. "Just send him to Lixian Hotel, and take care of him. Chen Tuan is useless. He just meditates on the futon in the morning and evening. Ming zong drove the Xing Lixian Hotel for three transgressions and five times, and sometimes it happened that he was sleeping and didn't disturb him, so he went back. Mingzong psychological know that he is a makes, more respect for him, want him to hold an important position, Chen Tuan didn't promise. Feng Dao, the Prime Minister, suggested to Mingzong: "At the moment when there is a storm, it is bound to be cold for Chen Tuan to stand alone on the futon. Your majesty can send a messenger, bring an altar of fine wine, and then choose three beautiful women to give him wine to warm his feet. If he drinks wine and wants a beautiful woman, don't worry that he won't accept the official title! " Ming zong nodded and said yes, three young girls were selected from the palace and sent with wine. "Mr. Wang must not refuse." "Chen Tuan gladly accept, open a cup of drink, to send the beauty, don't refuse. Mingzong saw Long Yan Da Run. The next day, Feng was sent to seal the official rank, but only three beautiful women were in the room, and Chen Tuan had long since disappeared. Feng asked, "Where is Mr. Chen Tuan?" The beauty said, "Mr. Chen fell asleep after drinking, and didn't wake up until the fifth watch. He said that we had worked hard all night and had nothing to give each other, so he wrote a poem to let us reply to the son of heaven, and then floated out." Feng had to bring three beautiful women back to meet the driver. When Mingzong saw it, the poem read:

Snow is the body and jade is the cheeks. Thank you for sending it.

Chu Shi doesn't dream of the Wuxia Gorge, but she bothers the goddess to get off the balcony.

after reading the poem, Mingzong sighed and sent people to search everywhere, but there was no news.

Chen Tuan left Kyoto and went to Wudang Mountain in Junzhou to live in seclusion. One day, five old men came to ask him about the righteousness of the Eight Diagrams in Zhouyi, and Chen Tuan taught them. Seeing that their faces are as jade, they seek to teach and raise them. Five old men passed on the method of dormancy to him. It turns out that the dormant method is a method of imitating animals such as turtles and snakes to hibernate and not eat in winter. With this method, Chen Tuan can get through the valley, and sometimes he can't afford to sleep for months. Twenty years passed in an instant, and one day, five old men said to Chen Tuan, "We are the five dragons in the Sun and Moon Pool, and we are willing to send you a good place thanks to your teaching. "So Chen Chuan closed his eyes and put him under his wing, soaring. Chen Tuan only felt his feet flying, and the wind was whistling in his ear. In an instant, he followed the ground with his feet. When he opened his eyes, he saw that his five old men had disappeared, and he landed on Jiushiyan in Huashan, Xiyue, and Chen Tuan lived in seclusion.

The Taoist priest in Huashan was very surprised to see that there was no boiler in his residence. He secretly observed that he had nothing to do but snore and sleep all day. Once, the Taoist priest didn't see him for several months, thinking that he had moved to another place and came to the woodshed to move firewood, only to find him sleeping under the firewood.

On another occasion, a woodcutter mowed the grass at the foot of the mountain and saw a corpse in the ravine, with dust one inch high. The woodcutter was pitied and prepared to dig a hole and bury it. When I dragged it up, I recognized Mr. Chen Tuan. The woodcutter said, "What a good Mr. Chen Chuan, why did you die here?" I saw Chen Tuan stretch his waist, open his eyes and say, "I'm sleeping happily. Why did you wake me up?" The woodcutter laughed.

Wang Kui, the magistrate of Huayin County, personally came to Huashan to see Chen Tuan. When I arrived at Jiushiyan, I saw a bare stone, and there was no cottage. I asked him, "Where is Mr. Wang's residence?" Chen Tuan laughed and casually chanted:

My palace is on the top of Pengshan Mountain, and when it comes out, it will be empty and cross the breeze.

therefore, you don't lock the gold, and you have a white cloud seal when you come.

Wang Kui wants to cut down trees and build an nunnery for him, but Chen Tuan resolutely refuses.

Later, these four poems reached Zhou Shizong's ears. Knowing that Chen Tuan was a noble scholar, he specially called him and asked him about the length of his national fortune. Chen Tuan sang four more poems:

What a piece of wood, there is no competition.

for a long time, add a heavy treasure cover.

Emperor Sejong's surname is Chai, and his name is glorious, and his wood is lush, which is just the right name. He thought it was a good omen, but he didn't know that Zhao Taizu took the place of Zhou as the emperor, and his country name was Song, and the word "Song" was added to "Mu". Chen Tuan knew in advance that the Song Dynasty enjoyed the country for a long time. Sejong wanted to award the title of the best to Chen Chuan, but Chen Chuan refused to accept it and insisted on returning to the mountain.

During the mutiny in Chen Qiao, Zhao Taizu put on a yellow robe and ascended the throne. Mr. Zhao happened to take a donkey to Huayin County, and when he heard about it, he clapped his hands on the donkey's back and laughed. Someone asked, "What are you laughing at, Sir?" The gentleman said, "You people's blessings have come! The world is finally peaceful. "

One day, Chen Tuan was drinking in Chang 'an Hotel, and he met Zhao Kuangyin and Zhao Jin, who were also drinking. When Chen Tuan saw Zhao Jin sitting above the Second Zhao, he dragged him to the next seat and said, "You are just a small star in the Purple altar. How dare you take the lead?" Zhao Kuangyin then asked Mr. Wang about his future. Mr. Chen preached, "Your brothers are much bigger than him!" Zhao Kuangyin was so conceited that he later pacified the world and repeatedly sent people to welcome Chen Tuan to the DPRK. Chen Tuan refused, so he gave him the title "Mr. Xiyi".

Later, when Song Taizu died, Emperor Taizong ascended the throne, thinking of the hotel adventure, he called Chen Chuanxiang, and agreed that he was not required to perform the courtiers' ceremony. Chen Tuan followed the messenger to Beijing. Emperor Taizong asked him for advice and self-cultivation. According to Chen's legend, "The son of heaven is the king of a country. If he ascended to heaven in the daytime, what good will it do to the people?" Now that you are a good minister, diligent in political affairs, and giving benefits to the people, it will last forever. " Taizong nodded and said yes, and the more he respected him. Soon, Chen Tuan said goodbye to Taizong and said that he would come to see Shengyan again in twenty years. Taizong knew that he couldn't stay, so he left.

After five years in the end of the arch and twenty years in the reign of Emperor Taizong, he was in a hurry and thought, "Only Chen Chuan can predict the fortunes of human beings best, and only ask him to decide this matter." Just thought of here, the chamberlain reported that Chen Tuan requested. Emperor Taizong was frightened and asked him to enter the palace and asked; "What's your advice this time, Sir?" Legend of Chen said: "I know that your majesty has doubts in his chest, and I have come here for my position."