What is the full-text translation of the inscription on Liquan in Jiucheng Palace?

Full-text translation of the inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace;

In April of the sixth year of Zhenguan, the emperor spent the summer in Jiucheng Palace. This used to be Renshou Palace in Sui Dynasty. Build palaces to cover Shan Ye, cut off valleys to form ponds and trenches. Bridge across the water column, and build towering double pavilions in steep places, surrounded by high pavilions and cloisters. Houses crisscross and terraces crisscross. Looking up at the sky can reach a hundred miles, overlooking the steep mountains can reach a thousand miles. Brilliant as pearls and jade, gold and jade set each other off. Its brilliance can burn clouds, and its height can reach the sun and the moon.

It's extravagant to watch him build a palace to move the mountain back, because people's indulgence is really to blame. As for the hot summer when heat can melt metal, there is no muggy and steaming temperature here; The breeze blows slowly, bringing cool comfort. This is really a good place to live and a resort for recuperation. Ganquan Palace in Han Dynasty can't be surpassed.

Original works:

In the sixth year of Wei Zhenguan, the emperor spent almost 90% of his summer in the palace, which is also called the first achievement of Sui Zhiren. The mountain is against the temple, the valley is the pool, the water frame is crossed, and the rock is divided. There are tall shelves and long corridors everywhere. The building is covered with rubber, and the terraces are uneven. Looking up, you can find everything, while looking down, you can see everything. The pearl walls set each other off, resplendent and magnificent, and the burning clouds covered the sun and the moon.

Watching it move mountains and rivers, it is extremely poor, and it is particularly good to follow people's desires. As for the golden scenery, there is no stagnation and steaming; There is a gentle breeze and a chill. Believe in the beauty of the body, sincerely cultivate the spiritual resort, and the Han family can't return it.

Influence of later generations:

Jiuchenggong's "Li Quan Ming" was praised by later generations as "the first regular script in the world" or "the first official book in the world".

When Ou Yangxun reached middle age, the title of this book spread all over the world, and at the end of his life, his calligraphy level reached a new level. The book "90% Gong Li Quan Ming", 76 years old, has been written with all my heart, but also with all my heart. Moreover, the inscription is vigorous and delicate, and the structure is extremely thin and steep, which makes the north monument square and the south monument. Reputations such as "the first official script", "the crown of Tang Dynasty", "the crown of calligraphy" and "the ultimate rule of regular script" come and go. Later imperial examinations were written in European style, which shows the far-reaching influence of this book.

Art appreciation:

stipple

There are three styles of stippling in Jiuchenggong Liquan inscription: fine, hard, beautiful and moist. These three styles are not completely separated, but they are displayed simultaneously in one stroke or one word.

Li Quanming of Jiuchenggong belongs to thin and hard style. Its stippling is thicker than the thin gold body, thinner than the swallow body, and moderately fat and thin. Calligraphy pays attention to brushwork and is realized through "bone". Too fat is easy to have no bones, too thin bones are easy to "break", and moderate symmetry between fat and bones is more suitable for expressing pen power.

If thinness refers to the masculine beauty of Li Quanming in Jiucheng Palace, then beauty is to describe its feminine beauty. The beauty of Jiuchenggong's Ming of Liquan is mainly reflected in the roundness of the pen and the slender strokes. For example, the second and fifth points of the word "Gong" are not only hard, but also Fiona Fang has both characteristics, giving people a gentle and implicit feeling. The other three points of the word "Gong" are triangular, angular and heroic. But because of the neutralization of the second and fifth strokes, the whole word will not be very fierce and rough. Slender strokes, especially long strokes and long strokes, tend to produce gorgeous colors, which can even be reflected in the four vigorous and rough Longmen products. The word "summer heat" in Jiuchenggong Liquan inscription is long, and it has a certain radian when written in Shimada Hanzo. Whether it is Fiona Fang or the mountain city, it gives people a kind of euphemistic beauty, combining rigidity with softness. Although the stippling in Jiuchenggong Liquan Ming is both rigid and flexible, it has more rigid components. It is the slightly masculine beauty in the style of writing that Liu Xizai once discussed. Liu Xizai said that "those who are good at learning from Europe are strong but not fierce", which means that Ou Kai belongs to the beauty of neutralization; He also said that "Europe is easy for eagles to know", which means that Ou Kai tends to be masculine.

Jiucheng Palace is warm, warm, heavy and moist. Warm and thick is the artistic effect caused by round pen or hidden front, and moist refers to ink painting. Thick ink was basically used in Jin and Tang dynasties, which was the most practical because of the strong contrast between black and white. If the ink is too thick, the pen will be dull, and the place where the pen is pressed is easy to swell. Therefore, add the right amount of water to create a thick and moist effect-neither bloated nor sloppy. Now see the "Jiuchenggong Liquan Ming" are generally rubbings, white characters on a black background, in fact, you can't see the shade of ink. However, according to the situation of using ink at that time and the imagination of the appreciator, the richness of stippling is easy to feel.

Conclude words

The first feature of the collection of characters in Jiuchenggong's "Liquanming" is fairness, which is similar to dignified meaning, and is the same feature of static characters such as seal script, official script and regular script. Sun's Book Score says: "Beginners learn distribution only for justice; Knowing that justice is right, we must pursue danger; It can save the day and return to justice. " Jiucheng Palace has the characteristics of fairness, but its fairness is not fairness in the sense of "beginner distribution", but fairness after "being able to avoid danger", that is, the unity of fairness and danger. This can be divided into two situations: the odd in the middle and the odd without losing weight. For example, the word "drink" in Jiuchenggong Liquan Ming. In the "drink" on the left, the last stroke of "owe" is written as "anti-si", which is a little far from the painting, thus straightening the trend on the side. In the "drink" on the right, the last stroke of "owe" is written as a straight pen, because it is heavy, and if it is combined with sketch, it can guarantee a positive trend. In these two words, "food" is positive, "debt" is left-leaning, and the whole word stands upright without losing its liveliness, which is an example of the strange meaning between the two words. Another example is the word "Wu", where the hook and dot on the upper right cause a left-leaning trend, but the three horizontal lines on the left are low on the left and high on the right, which supports this danger; At the same time, the "stop" short cross is not right, but right, which corrects the oblique trend of the three crosses to some extent; Therefore, the whole word constitutes a model of seeking truth from strangeness. Another example is the word "fen", each stroke is oblique, but the whole word is correct, which is also the knot of seeking stability in times of danger.

The second characteristic of the clear knot in Jiucheng Palace is tight knot, that is, tight inside and loose outside or tight inside and sparse outside. The strokes move closer to the middle palace and radiate around, which is also called radioactive knot. "Yi" and "Cheng" in Jiuchenggong's Ming of Liquan are the representatives of tight structure. The strokes of the word "one", such as left, right and vertical strokes, are obviously concentrated in the middle palace, while the left and right strokes are scattered and very stretched. The short horizontal hook, the horizontal folding hook, the Ge hook and the last point of the word "Cheng" also gather towards the center, while the Ge hook is slender and radiates to the left, upper right and lower right, giving people a sense of being tall and straight. In addition, Li Quanming's vertical strokes in Jiuchenggong are generally backward, which adds a sense of straightness to the characters.

The third feature of Jiucheng Palace's ritual spring knot is its vertical length. The inscriptions on Liquan in Jiucheng Palace tend to be negative, which reflects the official intention. Because of its official meaning, the inscription on Liquan in Jiucheng Palace has the characteristics of serving the present with the past. But in fact, the inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace has not only official meaning, but also seal meaning, which refers to the pen meaning of Xiao seal. It has many manifestations, such as making full use of the center, roundness, uniform thickness, roundness, multidirectional potential, slender font and so on. The significance of seal script of Liquanming in Jiuchenggong is mainly reflected in the longitudinal length of the structure. Ou Yangxun's lengthening of fonts is not only an innovation, but also a return to the structure of Xiao Zhuan. Because it has both the meaning of seal script and official script, the inscription of Liquan in Jiuchenggong adds ancient meaning.

The organization and structure of an article

Jiuchenggong Liquan Inscription is a masterpiece. In order to be solemn, it is necessary to have a comprehensive understanding of the size of the stone tablet, the content of the inscription and the number of words, and make a good boundary (determine the size of the words). These preparations before Shu Dan actually do not belong to the rules, but they will affect the rules. Its direct influence on the composition is the rank issue. Because the grid has been drawn, the inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace must be vertical and horizontal, and the difference between line spacing and word spacing will not be too great. Also, because of the slender structure of Li Quanming in Jiucheng Palace, the line spacing is slightly larger than the word spacing.

The second feature of the composition of Jiuchenggong Liquan inscription is that the font size is moderate and consistent. Write it in the box, "If you write it small, although you keep it upright, it will look empty, just like a thin man in a fat robe;" If you write big words, it will appear crowded all over again, just like a fat man wearing a thin coat. "Because the font size is moderate, Li Quanming in Jiucheng Palace looks spacious, but it is not as empty as Bird in the Water (the word of Wang Xizhi).

The third feature of Jiuchenggong's Li Quan Ming composition is that the weight of each word is basically equal. The word "weight" is a visual sense of weight, not a physical weight. For example, the word "inquiry" above is dense in the lower left, with thin strokes, and the "East" stroke in the upper right is thick, so the whole word will not make people feel unbalanced. As far as multiple characters are concerned, generally, words with few strokes should be written thick and words with many strokes should be written thin, so as to ensure that the thickness is roughly equal.

There are ranks, the size is moderate and consistent, and the weight is equal, which can be said to be the basis for the success of the composition of the Liquan inscription in Jiucheng Palace. The success of composition will naturally make the work look beautiful. Although the spirit can't be fully expressed through language, it can still be described a little. First, the inscription on Liquan in Jiucheng Palace has a refined taste. Elegance is comparable to morale and bookishness, and it is impossible without profound knowledge. Secondly, the inscription on Liquan in Jiucheng Palace has a quiet atmosphere. Regular script is quiet, but it cannot guarantee the silence of the weather. Many regular script works, especially modern works, often make people feel "angry". Therefore, silence mainly comes from people's spiritual cultivation.

About the author:

Ou Yangxun (557-64 1), a native of Linxiang, Tanzhou (now Changsha, Hunan), was a calligrapher and writer in the Tang Dynasty, one of the "four masters of regular script", and was called "four masters of early Tang Dynasty" with Yu Shinan, Chu Suiliang and Xue Ji, and "Ou Yue" with Yu Shinan. Ou Yangxun's calligraphy attainments are extremely high, and his regular script is rigorous, dangerous and vigorous. He is called "the first regular script in the Tang Dynasty" and later called "European style". Monuments handed down from ancient times include the square monument, Jiuchenggong Liquan monument, Huangfu birthday monument, Yu Gonggong monument, Huadu Temple Yong Zen master Taming and so on. The existing ink marks are Meng Diantie, Tie and Hans Zhang Tie. Edited 100 volumes of "Literature and Art Collection".

Creative background:

In the fifth year of Emperor Taizong's Zhenguan (63 1), Li Shimin ordered the restoration of Renshou Palace of Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, and later renamed it Jiucheng Palace. The following year, Emperor Taizong came to Jiucheng Palace for the summer. While visiting the palace, he met a clear spring. When he was happy, he ordered Wei Zhi to write an article and Ou Yangxun to write an inscription in the sixth year of Zhenguan (632).

According to the Book of the Tang Dynasty: "During the Zhenguan period, Sui Renshou was changed to Jiucheng Palace, and during the Shuihui period, it was changed to Wannian Palace. The palace is in Lushan, which was ruled for thirteen years. " Jiucheng Palace is also the Renshou Palace in Sui Dynasty, and Wei is famous for it. He also wanted Emperor Taizong to take Sui as a warning so that he could meet Wei. According to "Yizhou Mountain Man Draft", Wei had the intention of admonishing Taizong, so at the end of the cloud: "Think high and fall, hold full and avoid overflowing."

Express the theme:

The Inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace is a regular calligraphy work written by Ou Yangxun Shudan in the sixth year of Zhenguan in Tang Dynasty (632). Existing in Beiting Scenic Area, linyou county, Shaanxi.

The inscription on Liquan in Jiuchenggong describes the origin of Jiuchenggong and the grandeur of its architecture, praises the martial arts and frugality of Emperor Taizong, introduces the discovery of Liquan in Miyagi, and quotes ancient books to explain that the emergence of Liquan was caused by "the son of heaven made virtue". Finally, the warning of "aim high, persevere and avoid surplus" is put forward.

Jiuchenggong Liquan inscription, slender structure, the middle palace tightened, open on all sides, left folded and right vertical, keeping the sun. The glyph is shaped with the trend, and the left and right structures are opposite. The upper and lower structures are narrow and wide, the shelves are stable and the weather is solemn. Its white cloth is uniform, and the word spacing and row spacing are sparse, which is the most accurate one among the nine palaces. The whole monument is full of blood and bare charm. ?

The Inscription of Liquan in Jiucheng Palace is a masterpiece of Ou Yangxun in his later years. It has always been respected by scholars as an authentic regular script, and it has been praised as "the first regular script in the world" or "the first official book in the world" by later generations. ?

Famous comments:

Song bamboo slips "Northern Collection" said: "At the beginning of Zhenguan, Europe, Yu, Chu and Xue used Wang Zuocai to make a fool of themselves and chased the two kings. They are cautious and thin, and Ouyang is definitely not alive. There is no limit to the people who live in the world. The only books, Huadu Temple and Liquan Ming, are the most interesting. Xi people often lose their charm, but your dignity is like a puppet dying in a place where you live, and it rarely returns to the official's office. The moment of making a fake is wrong and people are rare. "

Song and Zhu's Book Continuation: "(Ou Yangxun) was an outstanding contemporary, a famous soldier in the early Tang Dynasty, and his letters were handed down from generation to generation. People think that the law, although let brother also admire its voice. However, when I was young, my brushwork was still weak. Today, there is a monument to Xilin Dojo on Lushan Mountain. Late and strong, full of strength. It is both strange and ingenious, and it is established through learning. The same is true of Jiucheng Palace Monument and Wendaya Tomb Inscription. "

Yu Ji in Yuan Dynasty: "The prosperity of regular script originated in Li Tang. Such as Ou, Yu, Chu and Xue, especially the author. I said that Ou Gong should be the top of the three schools, which is the wonderful truth of the right army. Look at this post (Inscription of Liquan), which is rigorous in structure and vigorous in spirit. It is a treasure of the real world. But those who want to change their bones by learning the face of Lanting, do you think this is the confession of the elixir? "

Wang Shizhen's Yizhou Mountain Man Draft in Ming Dynasty: "Zhao Zigu takes Ouyang as the first method, and Li Quan as the first method. Although I dare not say it, it is the first rate. " There is also: "I believe that this book is too thin and frugal, and it is still graceful and moist in the book" Li Quan Ming ",just like Lahore."

Chen Jiru's Complete Works of Mei Gong in Ming Dynasty: "This post is as deep as a mountain, thin and cold, but full of gas. It can make the prince bend his knees, and it is not his turn to drive. "

Wang Zhuyun's Coral Net in the Ming Dynasty: "Ouyang writes more accurately, and the sea and moon are true to the internal history. Only the inscriptions of Liquan and Huadu Temple are wonderful. "

In the Ming Dynasty, Zhao Yanshi's ink engraving: "The Ming Dynasty of Liquan is the first official book."

Zhan Jingfeng's Preface to Zhan Xuanlan in the Ming Dynasty: "The European book is cold, and the beauty lies in being slim and graceful. Those who study European books today are straight and hard. " Ninety percent of the Palace's "Li Quan Ming", Ouyang led the book more proudly.

Chen Xun's Collection of Zhou Fang in the Ming Dynasty: "Ouyang Tang's calligraphy is the first, and this (Yugong Gonggong Monument), Huadu Temple and Jiucheng Palace are the first in Ouyang's calligraphy."

Guo Shangxian's Inscription and Postscript of Fangjian Pavilion in Qing Dynasty: "(Liquan Ming) is elegant and simple, and the French side is round. This is a division of Han Dynasty and a combination of Wei and Jin Dynasties. Who can compete with Bo Shi (Yu Shinan Bo Shi)! "

In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Shu wrote "Postscript of Bamboo Cloud Inscription": "Every time I see it, it is boring and lacks rhyme. I don't know if it is more gentle, refreshing, beautiful and unique. Since the right army came, no one is as clear as a bone. " Ming of Liquan is a particularly unique book written by him at his request. Compared with the Ming in "Ode to the History Tower", it has the same effect and is more fluent! "