Hangzhou West Lake Tour Guide Words

Dear friends:

Before you came to Hangzhou, you must have heard the famous saying "There is heaven in the world and Suzhou and Hangzhou in the world"! In fact, comparing Hangzhou to a paradise on earth is largely due to the West Lake. For thousands of years, the scenery of the West Lake has an enduring charm, and its beauty is love at first sight. Even when Bai Juyi, a great poet in the Tang Dynasty, left Hangzhou, he was obsessed with the West Lake. "I didn't throw it into Hangzhou, and half of it was this lake." The poet said that the main reason why he didn't want to leave Hangzhou was that Hangzhou had a beautiful and charming West Lake. There are thirty-six West Lakes in the world, and Hangzhou is the most!

Friend: Come with me to visit the West Lake by boat from Yuemiao Wharf. Before sailing, introduce the general situation of West Lake: West Lake is located in the west of Hangzhou, surrounded by mountains on three sides, and adjacent to the urban area in the east. It is about 3.2 kilometers long from north to south, 2.8 kilometers wide from east to west, and its circumference is nearly 15 kilometers. It covers an area of about 5.68 square kilometers, including 6.3 square kilometers of islands in the lake. The average water depth is 1 .55m, the deepest part is about 2.8m, and the shallowest part is less than1m. The water storage capacity is between 8.5 million and 8.7 million cubic meters. Su Causeway and Bai Causeway divide lakes into five parts: Outer Lake, Beili Lake, Xili Lake, Moon Lake and Hu Xiaonan Lake. The West Lake is full of scenic spots. In addition to the "Ten Scenes of Qiantang" and "Eighteen Scenes of West Lake" in history, the most famous one is the "Ten Scenes of West Lake" named in the Southern Song Dynasty. Mom: Su Causeway Xiao Chun, Quyuan Fenghe, Pinghu Qiuyue, Broken Bridge Canxue, Huagang Fish Watching, Nanping Night Clock, Twin Peaks Inserting Clouds, Leifeng Sunset, Santan silver moon, Mimi. For example, the connotation of each word is: flowers in spring, summer, autumn and winter, willow in the evening. It points out that the scenery of the West Lake is ubiquitous in all seasons, whether it is bright or dark. 1985 "Ten Scenes of New West Lake" won the prize. There are more than 40 major scenic spots and more than 30 key cultural relics in the 60 square kilometers garden scenic area centered on the West Lake. To sum up, the scenery of the West Lake is dominated by one lake, two peaks, three springs, four temples, five mountains, six gardens, seven caves, eight tombs, nine streams and ten views. 1982165438+1On October 8th, the State Council listed the West Lake as the first batch of national key scenic spots. 1985 West Lake was awarded the third place in "Top Ten Scenic Spots in China".

The West Lake is so beautiful that it certainly breeds many wonderful and moving legends. According to legend, a long time ago, Yulong and Jinfeng found a piece of white jade on Xiandao near the Milky Way. They pondered for many years, and the white jade became a dazzling pearl. Wherever this orb goes, trees are evergreen and flowers are in full bloom. The news reached the Heavenly Palace the day after tomorrow, and the Heavenly Queen Mother sent a heavenly soldier to take the pearl away. Yulong and Jinfeng competed for pearls, but were rejected by the Queen Mother, so they contended. The Queen Mother was overturned, and when her hand was released, the pearl fell to the ground and became a glittering and translucent West Lake. Yulong and Jinfeng also landed, becoming Jade Dragon Mountain (Jade Emperor Mountain) and Phoenix Mountain, guarding the shore of the West Lake forever.

Just now, a friend asked why the water in the West Lake is so clear and pure. This should start from the origin of the West Lake: 12000 years ago, the West Lake was a shallow bay connected with Qiantang River, and Wu Shan and Baoshi Mountain, which stood in the north and south of the West Lake, were two headlands surrounding the bay. Later, due to the impact of the tide and sediment deposition, the bay was separated from the Qiantang River. By the Western Han Dynasty (206 BC-24 AD), the shape of the West Lake had been basically finalized, and the real finalization of the West Lake was in the Sui Dynasty (58 1-6 18). Geologically, this lake evolved from a shallow bay called a lagoon. Since then, the West Lake has been washed away by mountain springs and flowing water, experienced five large-scale artificial dredging treatments initiated by Bai Juyi, Su Dongpo, Yang and Ruan Yuan in previous dynasties, and finally changed from a natural lake to a semi-enclosed shallow-water scenic lake with beautiful scenery.

West Lake has many names in history. In the Han Dynasty (206 BC-220 AD), it was called Wulin Water, Jinniu Lake and Ming Sheng Lake. The Tang Dynasty (6 18 -907) was called Hanshi Lake and Qiantang River. In addition, there are names such as Gaoshi Lake, Sage Lake, Shang Hu, Longchuan Lake and Ganyuan Lake. During the Northern Song Dynasty (960- 1 127), when Su Dongpo was a local official in Hangzhou, he wrote a poem praising the West Lake: "The water is beautiful, the mountains are empty and rainy, and it is always appropriate to compare the West Lake to learning Chinese characters." The poet skillfully compared the West Lake to the ancient beauty Xi of China, so the West Lake was nicknamed "Xizi Lake".

West Lake is a famous scenic spot, and many Chinese and foreign celebrities have a special liking for it. Mao Zedong came to Hangzhou 40 times in his life, and the longest time was 7 months. He regards Hangzhou as his "second hometown". Mao Zedong often praised the beauty of the West Lake, but he never published a poem describing it before his death. Great men in China like the West Lake, and international friends are reluctant to leave it. Former US President Nixon visited Hangzhou twice. He said admiringly, "Beijing is the capital of China and Hangzhou is the heart of this country. I will come again. " Nixon also gave the redwood trees produced in his hometown of California to Hangzhou.

Our ship has started slowly. Let me briefly introduce the whole tour around the lake: one mountain and two dikes around the lake. One mountain refers to an isolated mountain, and there are more than 30 places of interest in the isolated mountain scenic area. People can enjoy Xiqiao Bridge, Qiujin Tomb, Xiling Printing Factory, Louwailou and Zhongshan Park by the lake. Behind the lonely mountain is Bai Causeway, which began with the autumn moon in Pinghu and finally broke the bridge with snow. There are famous landscapes such as precious stones and flowing clouds behind the bridge. After enjoying the scenery along the lake, we went to the three islands in the lake, and the cruise ship finally docked in Su Causeway.

Now the ship is sailing from west to east, and what you see is the scenery around the lonely mountain. Gushan is connected to Xiqiao Bridge in the west and to Bai Causeway in the east, with an altitude of 35 meters and an area of 200,000 square meters. The scenery of the lonely mountain was famous in the Tang and Song Dynasties. In the Southern Song Dynasty, Li Zong once built a large-scale West Taiyi Palace here, and classified most of Gushan as a royal garden. Emperor Kangxi of the Qing Dynasty built a palace here again, and Yong Zhengdi changed the palace into a sacred temple, which was called "Four Jungles of West Lake" with Lingyin Temple, Jingci Temple Temple and Zhaoqing Temple at that time. Maybe some friends want to ask: Since Gushan is the largest island in the West Lake, why should it be named "Gushan"? This is because this mountain has a particularly beautiful scenery in history and has always been called the land of solitary emperors, so it is called an isolated mountain. Geologically speaking, the isolated mountain is composed of rhyolite ejected by volcano, and the whole bird is connected with the land, so "the isolated mountain is not isolated, the bridge is broken constantly, and the long bridge is not long" is called the Three Wonders of the West Lake.

Let's look at the stone arch bridge with a ring hole in front. It is located in the west of the lonely mountain and is called Xiling Bridge. It, the broken bridge and the long bridge are also called the three ancient love bridges in the West Lake.

After crossing Xiqiao Bridge, there is a white marble statue among the green trees in the back of Gushan Mountain. I saw the heroine's left hand rested on her hips, her right hand pressed her sword, her eyes were bright and her head held high, as if looking for the truth of the revolution. Who is she? She is Qiu Jin, the pioneer of women's liberation movement in China who died heroically to overthrow the Qing Dynasty and strive for national independence. The statue is 2.7 meters high and the tomb seat is 2 meters high. On the stone tablet in front, it should be written by Sun Yat-sen in four big characters, "Woman Hero". The statue of Qiu Jin martyr gives us an inspiration: West Lake is famous not only for its landscape, but also for its many historical figures. In the West Lake Scenic Area, Yue Fei, Yu Qian and Zhang Cang Shui, who are known as the "three outstanding men on the lake", and Xu Xilin and Tao, modern revolutionaries who devoted themselves to rejuvenating China with Qiu Jin, are all buried beside the West Lake.

Our ship continued to sail slowly eastward, and you saw a white wall ahead. In the courtyard is the famous Xiling Seal Society. On the right side of the printing plant, this Chinese-western building is the building outside the century-old shop. Louwailou was founded in 1848, and its name was taken from a famous sentence by Lin Sheng, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. Louwailou has the advantages of favorable weather, geographical location and human harmony, and has received many Chinese and foreign celebrities. The famous dish of Louwailou is West Lake vinegar fish, which is made from grass carp cultured within the specified range of West Lake, starved in clear water for a day or two, and then cooked. West Lake vinegar fish, with bright red color, tender meat, sweet and sour taste and slightly crab flavor, is the most representative famous dish in Hangzhou.

Now the ship has sailed to Zhongshan Park, and the main entrance of Gushan is here. The mountain is not high, but the fairy is famous. Gushan Mountain is not only a famous scenic mountain, but also a famous cultural mountain. The reason why Gushan is so important in the West Lake Scenic Area is that it contains rich historical and cultural connotations. There is a famous "West Lake Scenic Spot" in the scenic spot, and there is also a crane pavilion in memory of Lin Hejing, a reclusive poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. We will visit these scenic spots after landing.

Next to Zhongshan Park, this group of buildings we see is the newly-built "Zhejiang Museum". In addition, the Hemudu culture 7000 years ago was displayed, and more than 700 modern cultural relics were displayed. The ancient building behind the museum is the Wen Lan Pavilion of the Royal Library of Qing Dynasty, which is one of the seven bookshelves built by China for the collection of Sikuquanshu.

Please look at the overhanging pavilion on the cement platform of the lake in front of us. This building was built in the Kangxi period of the Qing Dynasty and is called Pinghu Qiuyue. It is the starting point of Bai Causeway and one of the three scenic spots to enjoy the moon. In history, there are three places where Hangzhou people enjoy the moon: one of the first three islands in the lake, Santan Yinyue, and the Moon Rock Scenic Spot on the Phoenix Mountain Slope. As for the shore, it is the autumn moon in Pinghu, with white wind and clear water!

Now, you can see that the long embankment of the "Peach Garden in the Willow" in front of you is Bai Causeway. When our ship sailed here, the most beautiful scenery of the West Lake was presented to everyone. Look! On both sides of the dike, there are a row of willows and peaches, especially when playing. Willow lines are green, peach trees are purplish red, and the scenery is pink and green. Tourists come here as if they were in a fairyland. Bai Causeway, formerly known as Baishadi, was famous for its beautiful scenery as early as 1000 years ago in the Tang Dynasty. Although it is not in the same direction as the Bai Causeway built by Bai Juyi, the people of Hangzhou still named it Bai Causeway to commemorate the "old mayor" who made outstanding contributions to Hangzhou. It and the Su Causeway hosted by Su Dongpo are like two ribbons in the lake, colorful and complement each other. Look at this bridge in the middle of Bai Causeway. It used to be a wooden bridge named "Hanbi Bridge", but now it is renamed as a stone arch bridge. At the end of Bai Causeway, the bridge broke, and the Bai Causeway of 1km was "broken" like this.

The name of Broken Bridge was first taken from the Tang Dynasty, which was called Baodou Bridge in the Song Dynasty and Duan Jiazhi in the Yuan Dynasty. This used to be an ancient stone bridge covered with moss. Although the bridge we see now is a very common stone arch bridge, its name is associated with the story of the legend of the white snake, which makes it the most famous bridge in the West Lake.

At this point, I saw that some friends were already watching carefully. Maybe you will ask right away: the bridge is not broken at all. Why did you name it "Broken Bridge"? Let me answer this question. Broken bridge is one of the top ten scenic spots in West Lake. Because the broken bridge is located at the water dividing point between Beili Lake and Waihu Lake, it is the best place to watch the snow scene of West Lake in winter. Every time it snows in Chuqing, the sunny side of the bridge has melted, while the shady side of the bridge is still covered with snow. Seen from a distance, the bridge seems to be broken, hence the name "Broken Snow". Also, the broken bridge is the end of Bai Causeway, from Bai Causeway, Pinghu, where the moon is full. At this point, perhaps everyone has understood that it turned out to be "the dike broke the bridge constantly."

Let's look at the mountain behind the broken bridge, called Baoshi Mountain, which is 78 meters above sea level. The rocks of this mountain are different from the West Lake Mountains, and are mainly composed of rhyolite and tuff in igneous rocks. Among them, there is a kind of "gem" called jasper, which is embedded in purple limestone and shines under the sunlight. This is the origin of the name of Baoshishan. The beautiful and tall tower on the mountain is called Baokui Tower. The pagoda was originally a nine-level stupa, and now it is rebuilt in 1933. It is a three-dimensional building, with an octagonal tower 45.3 meters high, symmetrical up and down, and soft and beautiful lines. Of all the towers on the lake, the Jiaolou is the most beautiful in shape and posture. There is also a Leifeng Pagoda in history corresponding to Baokui Pagoda. In the landscape layout of the West Lake, it is located on a central axis, north-south, across the lake, one elegant and the other slender and handsome. Before the collapse of Leifeng Pagoda, there was a scene on the West Lake where "the north and the south are opposite, and one lake reflects the twin towers", so there is a saying among the people that "Leifeng Pagoda is like an old woman and Baokui Pagoda is like a beauty", which shows the different charms of Leifeng Pagoda and Baokui Pagoda.

Dear friends, the scenery by the West Lake ends here, and then we will visit the three islands in the lake.

First, let's take a look at the largest island in the West Lake, "Santan Yin Yue", also known as Zhou Xiaoying. This is a lake garden with an island in the lake and a lake in the island. The total area is 70,000 square meters, of which the water surface accounts for 60%. The whole island is in the shape of a field, with Liu Di in the east and west and a curved bridge in the north and south. On both sides of the curved bridge, a lot of red and white water lilies are planted. In addition, Santan Qian Yue is famous for planting water shield of West Lake in history.

Please come with me to visit this island. Santan Yin Yue Island was built in the thirty-fifth year of Wanli in the Ming Dynasty (1607), and it was made of dredged lake mud. Its essence lies in the three stone pagodas in the south of the island. Look: Three towers stand upright on the lake. The tower is 2 meters high, with a sphere and five small round holes. The top of the tower is gourd-shaped and beautifully shaped. Every moonlit night, especially the Mid-Autumn Festival, when the moon is in the sky, people light candles in the tower, cover their mouths with paper towels, and the candlelight penetrates. At this time, "tower shadow, cloud shadow and moon shadow" are integrated, and "candlelight, moonlight and lake light" complement each other. In the refraction of light, the lights of the three towers are projected on the water surface through the 15 round hole.

Then let's look at the pavilion with upturned cornices in the lake, called the Central Pavilion. It is the largest pavilion in the West Lake. It is also the earliest island built among the three islands of West Lake. It was founded in the thirty-first year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1552), with a history of 440 years. Overlooking the middle of the lake is one of the ten scenic spots in Qiantang. The pavilion standing in the middle of the lake overlooks the West Lake, and you can have a panoramic view of the West Lake.

The island northwest of Huxinting is called Ruan Gongdun. It is the smallest of the three islands in the West Lake, with an area of only 556 1 square meter. It was built by Ruan Yuan, the governor of Zhejiang Province, during Jiaqing period of Qing Dynasty (1800) with the silt after dredging the West Lake. Fishing in Ruandun has become a good place for Hangzhou citizens to spend their holidays and leisure, while night tour in Ruandun is a special tourism project of West Lake in summer, which can be chosen by tourists from all over the world.

After visiting the three islands in the lake, our ship has sailed for Su Causeway and will dock soon. Please see: The 2.8-kilometer-long embankment in front of the lake runs through the West Lake from south to weak, which is Su Causeway. There are six stone arch bridges on the embankment, namely Yingbo, Suolan, Wangshan, Dike, Dongpu and Yuehong, and peach willows and hibiscus are planted on the embankment, forming the scenery of "Six Bridges on the West Lake, One Willow and One Peach". When Su Causeway is mentioned, people will naturally think of Su Dongpo, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. Su Dongpo has twice served as a local official in Hangzhou. He organized 0.2 million/200 thousand migrant workers to dredge the West Lake, and then built this long dike from the foot of Nanping Mountain to the foot of Qixia Mountain by using lake mud and aquatic plants. Later generations named it "Su Causeway" to commemorate his achievements. Now the "Su Dongpo Memorial Hall" has been built at the southern end of the dike for people to visit and remember Su Dongpo's achievements.

Dear friends, people often compare West Lake in Hangzhou and Lemmon Lake in Geneva, Switzerland to two famous pearls in the world. Because of the West Lake, Italian Kyle Poirot compared Hangzhou to "the most beautiful and luxurious city in the world". As a famous scenic spot, West Lake has received countless heads of state from all over the world. Therefore, the West Lake is not only the pearl of Hangzhou, but also the pearl of the East and the pearl of the world.

"Remember jiangnan, remember hangzhou. Looking for laurel trees in Zhongshan Temple in the month, watching the tide on the pillow in the county pavilion. When will you come again? " This is Bai Juyi's eternal swan song, which is left to future generations to praise the West Lake. Dear friends, do you feel the same way when our trip to the West Lake is coming to an end? I hope we can meet again soon, enjoy laurel seeds and watch the tide on the Qiantang River, so that the mountains and rivers of the West Lake will always have your beautiful memories.