Mark Twain's message

Although his wealth is not much, it does not detract from his superb humor, wit and fame. He is one of the most famous people in America. He has a wide range of friends, including William Dean Howells, Booker Washington, nikola tesla, Helen Keller and Henry Roger. He was once called Lincoln in the history of literature. Helen Keller once said, "I like Mark Twain-who doesn't like him?" Even God will love him, give him wisdom and draw a rainbow of love and faith in his heart. William faulkner called Mark Twain "the first real American writer, and we all inherited him". He died on 19 10 on April 2 1 and was buried in Aymara, new york at the age of 75.

Writing style: combining humor and satire, full of unique personal wit and one-liners, and there is no lack of profound social insight and analysis. It is not only a humorous and spicy masterpiece, but also a serious sympathy!

The masterpiece is "One Million Pounds", which will be learned in the second semester of the fifth-grade people's education edition. There are 24 lessons called "The Magic of Money".

"Mark Twain" is his most commonly used pseudonym. It is generally believed that this pen name comes from his early sailor terms. Mark Twain means water depth 12 feet. Samuel (that is, "Mark Twain") was once a navigator. When measuring the water depth with my partner, my partner shouted "Mark Twain!" , which means "the second standard", that is, the water depth is Erxun (1 about 1. 1 m), which is a necessary condition for the safe navigation of ships.

Another reason is that his captain Cyrus was once a respected navigator. From time to time, he writes some stories about the Mississippi River for newspapers under the pseudonym of "Mark Twain".

1859, Captain Cyrus published an article predicting that New Orleans would be flooded. Naughty Samuel decided to play a joke on him and wrote a very sharp satirical sketch after imitating his style. Who knows that this game article deeply hurt the old captain's heart, and the old captain gave up writing, and the pseudonym "Mark Twain" disappeared from the newspaper.

Four years later, Samuel, who became a journalist, learned the bad news of Captain Cyrus' death, regretted the prank of that year and decided to make up for it. So he inherited the pseudonym "Mark Twain" and began his writing career.

But there is also a saying that when he was wandering in the west, he often bought two glasses of wine in the hotel and asked the bartender to write "two marks" on the bill. However, whether it is true or false, or both, is impossible to verify. His real name is Samuel Langhorne Clemens.

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all one's life

childhood

Mark Twain was born in a poor lawyer's family in rural Florida, Missouri, USA on June 30th, 1835+065438. He ranks sixth among seven children in his family. He only has two brothers and sisters who can survive his childhood. His two brothers and sisters are his elder brother Olian (1825 July17-1897 February 1 1) and his younger sister Pamela. His father is a local lawyer with a small income and a poor family. Little Samuel had to work when he was at school. His father died when he was twelve, and he began to live an independent working life. He first worked as an apprentice in a printing factory, a newspaper delivery man and a compositor, and later as a sailor and helmsman on the Mississippi River. Childhood poverty and long working life not only accumulated material for his later literary creation, but also cast a just heart. His mother Margaret died when he was four years old, and his brother Benjamin (1832 June 8-1842 May12) also died three years later. His other brother plesent (1828- 1829) was born only three months before Twain. After this class of Bimark Twain's older brothers and sisters, Twain has a younger brother-Henry Clemens (1838 July13-1858 June 2 1). When Twain was 4 years old, his family moved to Hannibal, Missouri, a port city on the Mississippi River, which became the inspiration for St. Petersburg in his later works The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and The Tale of a Wanderer. At that time, Missouri was a federal slave-holding state, and young Twain began to understand slavery, which became the theme of his adventure novels.

Mark Twain was color blind, which caused his humorous jokes in social circles. 1847 In March, Twain 1 1 years old, his father died of pneumonia. The following year, he became a printing apprentice. 185 1 year, he became a compositor, contributed articles, and began to write articles for Hannibal Daily founded by his brother Olian. /kloc-at the age of 0/8, he left Hannibal and worked as a printer in new york, Philadelphia, St. Louis and Cincinnati. Twain returned to Missouri at the age of 22. On the trip from the lower Mississippi River to New Orleans, the ship's navigator "bisbee" asked Twain to be a ship's navigator for life, which was the third highest paid occupation in the United States at that time, with a monthly salary of $250 (equivalent to the current $65,438+055,000/year).

Because ships are made of very flammable wood, they can't turn on the lights at night. Pilots need to have a wealth of knowledge about ever-changing rivers, so that they can avoid hundreds of ports and woodlands along the coast. Twain spent more than two years meticulously studying the 2000 meters of the Mississippi River before he got his pilot's license (1859). During the pre-license training, Twain persuaded his brother Henry Clemens to work with him on the Mississippi River. Henry died on June 2 1 65438 because the ship where Henry worked exploded. Twain felt extremely guilty about this and felt responsible for the rest of his life. However, he continued to work on the river and remained a navigator until the civil war broke out in 186 1, which reduced the traffic on the Mississippi River.

Travel and family

Missouri is a slave-holding state, which is regarded as a part of the south by most people, but Missouri has not joined the union. At the beginning of the war, Twain and his friends joined a federal militia (described in the short story Private History of a Lost Battle 1885) and joined a war in which one person was killed. Twain found that he couldn't stand killing himself, so he left. His friend joined the confederate army; Twain went to his brother Olian, and Olian was appointed as the secretary of the governor of Nevada, in charge of the western region.

Twain and his brother spent more than two weeks crossing the Great Plains and the Rocky Mountains by coach. They came to the Mormon church in Salt Lake City. These experiences became the main part of the book Hard Times, and provided information for the famous frogs in Ka City. Twain's journey ended in a silver mine in Virginia, Nevada. There, he became a miner.

After giving up his job as a miner, Twain worked for Enterprise, a newspaper in Virginia City.

Twain later went to San Francisco, California, where he continued to be a reporter and began to give speeches. He met other writers, such as Brett Harder. Once he was sent to Hawaii, which became his first speech. At 1867, a local newspaper offered a boat trip to the Mediterranean region.

During his travels in Europe and the Middle East, he wrote the famous travel letter series "Fool Travel" collected in 1869. He also met Charles Langdon and saw a photo of Langdon's sister Ou Li Langdon. Twain fell in love with her at first sight They met 1868 and got engaged a year later. 1870 got married in Aymara, new york. Ou Li via gave birth to her son Langdon, but Langdon died of diphtheria in1September.

187 1 year, the twains moved to Hartford, Connecticut. Olivia gave birth to three daughters there: Susie, Clara and Joan. Twain also became a good friend of writer William Dean Howells.

Twain then traveled to Europe, which was described in 1880, a book called Wandering Overseas. /kloc-returned to the United States in 0/900 and paid off the debts to his old club. Twain's marriage lasted for 34 years until Olivia died on 1904.

1906, Twain began to write his autobiography for North American Review Monthly. A year later, Oxford University awarded him a doctorate in literature.

Twain lived longer than Joan and Susie. He experienced a period of melancholy, which began when his beloved daughter Susie died of meningitis on 1896. Ou Li died in 1904, and Joan died in1909+February 24, which made Twain more melancholy.

Writer's career

Mark Twain's first masterpiece, The Famous Frog in Cartown, was first published in new york Saturday on June 1865+0 18 10/8. The only reason why this work was published there was that it was finished too late and was not included in Artes Ward's collection of American Western Works.

Later, the Sacramento Federal newspaper sent Mark Twain to Hawaii, then known as the Sandwich Islands, as a reporter and wrote to the Federal newspaper to tell about things there. Later, when he worked for the California Land Newspaper in San Francisco, he also wrote according to these humorous letters, because the California Land Newspaper sent him from San Francisco to new york City as a roving reporter via the Panama Canal. At that time, he kept writing to the newspaper and publishing, satirizing and humorously recording what he saw and heard. 1On June 8, 867, Twain went to Philadelphia by yacht and stayed for five months. This trip led to the birth of a fool's trip.

1872, Twain published his second travel literature, Hard Times, as a sequel to Fool's Travel. Hard Times is a semi-autobiographical work that describes Twain's journey to Nevada and his later life in the western United States. This book satirizes American and western society by criticizing "fools" in many countries in Europe and the Middle East. Twain's next work, Hard Times, focuses on American society. The later Gilded Age is not a travel literature, because the first two books are travel literature, and this is his first time to write a novel. This book is also famous because it is the only book written by Twain in cooperation with others. This book was written by Twain and his neighbor Charles Dudley Werner.

Twain's two later books are all about his experiences on the Mississippi River. 1875 Atlantic Monthly published a series of sketches of the old Mississippi River. The most striking feature is Twain's awakening to romanticism. Life on the Mississippi River after Twain wrote Old Times. Then Twain wrote The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, describing his childhood in Hannibal. Twain shaped tom sawyer's character by imitating his childhood character. This book also has a supporting role, Huckleberry Finn.

Although the story of the prince and the beggar often appears in many movies and literary works today, it is not generally accepted. This is Twain's first attempt to write The Beggar. Its disadvantage is that Twain didn't have enough British social experience. While writing The Prince and the Beggar, Twain also began to write The Wandering of Naughty Boys, and also completed another travel book, Wandering Abroad, which is Mark Twain's travel notes of Central and Southern Europe.

Twain's later work is The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, which makes him a more famous and great American writer. The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is the sequel of The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, and the serious atmosphere is stronger than the latter. This book has become a compulsory book for most schools in the United States, because Huck gave up obeying the rules, which is considered by many people of this age (Huck's story is set in slavery 1850 s). /kloc-in the summer of 0/876, after it was released in The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Twain wrote about 400 pages of The Wandering Story of an urchin.

Twain's wife died in 1904, after which he was able to publish books that his wife didn't like as a critic and editor. One of the books is The Mysterious Stranger, which was not published in Twain's lifetime, so people found three versions of the manuscript between 1897 and 1905. These three versions made the publication of this book very confusing, and now there is the first version written by Twain.

Twain's last work is his oral autobiography. Some archivists and editors rearranged autobiographies to make them more in line with the common format, so some humorous words of Twain were deleted.

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Later generations' evaluation of him.

Master of modern humorous literature!

A world-class writer representing American literature!

He is a pure urchin and a brave knight with a sword!

There is a library about Mark Twain.

/waiguo 2005/t/ Twain /index.html

Lincoln in American literature

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Chronology of creation

1October 30th Samuel Langhorne Clemens was born in Florida, Missouri. His father is john marshall Clemens, his mother is Jane lampton Clemens, and Samuel is their fifth child. John Clemens is a low-ranking sheriff with a small income.

/kloc-in the autumn of 0/839, the whole family moved to Hannibal, Missouri. The population there at that time was 450.

1843 On March 24th, Samuel Clemens' father John Clemens died of pneumonia. From the age of 12, that is, 1847, Mark Twain, who came from a poor family, once worked as an apprentice, a newsboy, a compositor, a sailor, a gold digger, a reporter and so on in a printing factory.

In May 1852, 1, the playboy who was surprised by the settlers was published in the handbag of humor weekly in Boston. This is Samuel Clemens' first novel. Mark Twain, a self-taught student, began to practice writing as an apprentice and typesetting in a printing factory. He was 17 years old when he published his first novel. )

June 1864 Moved to San Francisco and worked in the Morning Post. He started writing for San Francisco, when he was the editor-in-chief of novelist Brett Hart.

1865165438+1October18 new york's Saturday Post published Mark Twain's The Famous Jumping Frog of Karavila Hill. Reprinted everywhere, Mark Twain began to become famous in China.

1867 On April 25th, Charles Webb published Mark Twain's first book, The Famous Jumping Frog and Other Essays, in Rakhil, Karaoui.

1869 July, Mark Twain's Fool's Travel Abroad was published by Alicia Boris.

In February, 1872, The Difficult Journey was published by Boris Publishing Company of the United States.

/kloc-in the winter of 0/873, Mark Twain wrote The Gilded Age in collaboration with the writer Charles Terry Warner. Warner is Hartford's neighbor.

The Gilded Age was published in February. The publisher is Boris of American publishing company. It is universally acknowledged that there is no precedent in American history to give an era a humorous and sarcastic name.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/874, Mark Twain began to write The Adventures of Tom Sawyer and made The Gilded Age into a play. It was at Quarry Farm near Elmira, New York.

1876 65438+ 10 The Documentary of Crimes at the Recent Carnival in Connecticut was published in Atlantic Monthly.

/kloc-in the summer of 0/876, Mark Twain began to write Berry Finn's Adventures in haeckel at Quarray Farm.

1876 10 co-wrote the comedy A Xing with Brett Hart. /kloc-was completed in October/February, but the friendship between them was difficult to maintain.

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer was published by Boris in February. It was more than a year after the submission, which didn't catch up with the good business season of Christmas. Mark Twain began to consider publishing his works in another publishing house.

On July 3rd, Kloc-0/877, A Xing performed in new york Fifth Street Theater. The performance stopped after five weeks and the performers lost money.

1877 65438+1October 65438+1October began to write about the prince and the poor child.

From the spring of 1878 to the summer of 1879, the whole family traveled to Europe, especially to Germany, and collected information about traveling abroad.

In March, 1880, travel abroad was published. The publisher is Boris of American publishing company.

188 1 65438+ The Prince and the Poor Child was published in February. The publisher is James Le osgood in Boston.

1882 In April, Mark Twain revisited the Mississippi River to collect materials for the rest of his life on the Mississippi River. By the end of May, he had traveled all over the Mississippi Valley.

1883, Mark Twain wrote The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn at Quarray Farm. Osgood published Life on the Mississippi River.

The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is published by Whipster Publishing Company.

1885 In March, the Book Committee of Gulton, Massachusetts called The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn "a boring work that can only be read in slums". Never put it on the shelf, thus starting a history of banning books, and its influence has been so far. Nevertheless, by May, Huck had sold 5 1000 copies. (Such banned books are for individual units, not for the whole country)

1885 65438+1On October 2nd, Hewlett-Packard Company published Grant's memoirs, and the Grant family benefited 400,000 yuan, which saved them from bankruptcy. Mark Twain also believed that he had a gift for business. (General Grant,1October 65438+869—1October 65438+877. Grant has a deep friendship with Mark Twain)

10 Mark Twain started writing Yankee in Arthur's Connecticut.

1889 12 Yankee in Connecticut written by Arthur was published by Whipster Publishing Company.

The Adventures of Tom Sawyer is published by Hewlett Packard Company.

1894 165438+ October Fool Wilson was published by American Publishing Company.

1896 In May, Jean Ducker was published by Harper Company.

1 896 65438+1October1Detective tom sawyer is published by Harper Company.

1 897 65438+1October1Equatorial Travels is published by American publishing company.

1901February 2, 2000, To the Man Sitting in the Dark was published in the North American Review. This is a famous article by Mark Twain against imperialist aggression all over the world.

1909 April "Is Shakespeare dead? Author Harper &; Published by brother company,

19 10 in winter and spring, Mark Twain's angina pectoris began to worsen.

1910 April 2 1 Day Rimark Twain died of angina pectoris.

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Mark Twain's Classic Words

Mark Twain was once invited to dinner.

During the dinner, he said to a lady, "Madam, you are so beautiful!" " "Unexpectedly, the woman said," Sir, I'm sorry I can't answer you in the same way. Mark Twain, quick-witted and sharp-tongued, replied with a smile, "That doesn't matter. You can also lie like me. "

Mark Twain received a letter. This was written by a young man who wanted to ask Mark Twain the secret of becoming a great writer. The letter said: "I heard that fish contains a lot of phosphorus, which is good for the brain." It seems that to be a great writer, you must eat a lot of fish, right? But I don't know what fish you ate and how much did you eat? Mark Twain wrote back, "It seems that you have to eat a whale. "

ticket

Mark Twain once went out by car, and the train went very slowly. When the ticket inspector came to check the ticket, Mark Twain handed him a child ticket. The ticket inspector quipped, "I didn't expect you to be a child!" " "

Mark Twain replied, "I am not a child now, but I was a child when I bought the ticket."

advertisement

A wealthy businessman said to Mark Twain, "I want to use your name to advertise our company." Mark Twain said, "Of course."

The following words were published in the newspaper sponsored by Mark Twain the next day:

A female fly has two sons. She takes care of these two sons as the apple of her eye. One day, mother and son flew to the shop of a commercial company. A little fly went to taste the beautifully packaged candy, and suddenly its wings shook, and it fell down and died! Another little fly went to eat sausage, only to fall headlong and die on the spot. The mother fly was so miserable that she jumped on a piece of fly paper and committed suicide. Although she chewed it, it turned out to be safe!

The rich man rolled his eyes with anger after watching the advertisement.

Mark Twain's Humorous Stories

By chance, Mark Twain and the speaker John M Debby were invited to the same dinner party.

At the beginning of the speech, Johnsy M. Debiao talked eloquently and emotionally for 20 minutes and won warm applause. Then it was Mark Twain's turn to make a speech.

Mark Twain stood up and said sadly, "Ladies and gentlemen, I'm really sorry. Before the meeting, Mr. Johnsy M. Debiao asked me to exchange speeches, so what you just heard was my speech. I sincerely thank you for your careful listening and enthusiastic support. " However, somehow, I can't find Mr. Johnsy M. Debiao's speech, so I can't speak for him. Please forgive me for sitting down. "

French celebrity Bogart ridiculed the short history of Americans, saying that "Americans often miss their ancestors when they are free, but when they think of their grandparents, they can't help but stop."

Mark Twain hit back: "When the French are free, they always want to find out who their father is, but it is difficult to find out."

When Mark Twain was a little-known writer, he was introduced to General Grant.

After they shook hands, Mark Twain couldn't think of anything to say, and Grant kept his usual silence. Finally, Mark Twain stammered, "General, I feel very embarrassed. What about you? "

Mark Twain went out for a ride. When the conductor checked the ticket, he searched every pocket and couldn't find his ticket. It happened that the conductor knew him, so he comforted Mark Twain and said, "Never mind. It doesn't matter if you really can't find a ticket. " "Cough! Why not? I must find the damn ticket, otherwise, how will I know where I am going? "

Mark Twain often tells people a sad past when he was a child. It is said that Mark Twain was born as twins. He is so similar to his twin brother that their mother can't tell them apart.

One day, while the nanny was bathing them, one of them accidentally fell into the bathtub and drowned. No one knows which twin drowned.

"The saddest thing is here." Mark Twain said, "Everyone thinks I am the one who survived, but I am not. It was my brother who survived. The drowning person is me. "

Mark Twain once stayed in a hotel. He was told in advance that mosquitoes were particularly fierce here.

When he checked in at the reception desk, a mosquito just flew in. Mark Twain said to the waiter, "I heard that mosquitoes in your area are very smart. Sure enough, they will come to see my room number in advance, so that they can check the number and have a full meal at night. "

The waiter couldn't help laughing after listening. As a result, Mark Twain slept well that night, because the waiter also remembered the room number and went into the room in advance to do mosquito prevention work.

There was once a critic who liked to find fault with details and accused Mark Twain of lying. Mark Twain replied, "If you can't lie, you don't have the ability to lie, and you don't have the knowledge of how to lie, how can you judge that I'm lying?" Only those experienced in this field have the right to make such blatant and arbitrary accusations. "

Mark Twain once put an advertisement in the newspaper because he didn't like members of Congress to pass a bill in Congress. It says, "Half the members of Congress are assholes." As soon as the newspaper was sold, many protest calls followed. These congressmen don't think they are bastards and ask Mark Twain to correct them. Mark Twain then made another correction: "I was wrong, Congressman, half of them are not assholes."