The Ancient Landscape Literature Phenomenon of Yueyang Tower

In the fourth year of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (AD 76), Zhang, a great writer, was relegated to Yueyang as an official, caring for mountains and rivers, and often moved guests to the building with literati to write poems. Later, great poets such as Li Bai, Du Fu, Li Shangyin and Li Qunyu came one after another and wrote hundreds of famous sentences with new meanings, which cast a strong cultural meaning on Yueyang Tower.

Yueyang Tower is not only beautifully built, but also an art world integrating couplets, poems and folk stories. 12 The wood carving screen composed of ebony boards is engraved with the full text of Yueyang Tower. All kinds of couplets are hung on the four walls, with more than 100 words long and only 8 words short.

Among the cultural relics preserved in Yueyang Tower, the poet Li Bai's couplet "Water and sky are one color, the moon is boundless" is the most famous, followed by the carved screen of Yueyang Tower inscribed by calligrapher Zhang Zhao. The carved screen is made of 12 huge rosewood. Articles, calligraphy, seal cutting and woodcut are all treasures, and they are also called "four musts". In addition, the couplet 102 written by He, a calligrapher in the Qing Dynasty, is also famous.

There is a diol pavilion nearby. It is said that Lv Dongbin of the Eight Immortals was drunk here three times. Xianmeiting, named after digging out the slate with withered plum lines, has been passed down from generation to generation. On the beach under Yueyang Tower, there are three iron articles in the shape of shackles, weighing 1500 Jin, which also attracts many tourists to watch. What is its purpose? There are different opinions so far.

On the third floor, the poem "Climbing Yueyang Tower" written by Du Fu, a great man in Mao Zedong, is displayed. On each floor, the original woodcut plaque pairs are hung, and couplets chanting Yueyang Tower by ancient and modern celebrities are added. There is a couplet on the first floor, which is 102 long, and the link is "What is the first floor?" Du Shaoling's five-character swan song, Fan's two words are all related to love, and Teng's Everything is Prosperous, Lv Chunyang will be drunk after three times. Poetry? Ruye? Official? Ye Xian? Where were those lost times before me? , make me cry! The second part is "You can try it: Xiaoxiang in the south pole of Dongting Lake, Wuxia in the north of the Yangtze River, refreshing in the west of Baling Mountain, and cliffs in the east of Yuezhou City." There is a real meaning in this, who can understand it? On the third floor, there is a short couplet with eight words: "Water and sky are one color; Moon. " The inscription is "Changbai"

After Teng rebuilt Yueyang Tower, the client drew a picture of Dongting in late autumn and sent a commemorative album to Fan Zhongyan, a great writer, politician and strategist at that time, asking him to take notes for the building. At that time, Fan Zhongyan was being exiled to Dengzhou, Henan. After reading his letter, he happily wrote down the famous Yueyang Tower. The full text of Yueyang Tower is more than 360 words, with exquisite words. The article is rich in scenes, broad in content, magnificent and sonorous in tone. In particular, the phrase "Worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" is profound in philosophy and embodies the great spirit of the Chinese nation, which is widely read by people. Since then, the name of Yueyang Tower has been passed down through the ages, and Yueyang Tower is also famous all over the world.

Teng Amethyst is a famous and far-sighted minister. He believes that "a reporter's written view of architecture is not long, and words can't be written unless he is a great talent." So he asked Fan Zhongyan, a great writer at that time, to write the famous Yueyang Tower. Sven was widely read as soon as he came out. Although there are only 369 words, it is broad in content, profound in philosophy and magnificent. This is a masterpiece. In particular, the phrase "worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" has become a famous saying throughout the ages. Since then, Yueyang Tower has become famous at home and abroad. Poets and writers of all ages have left many beautiful poems here. For example, Yu Ji, Yang Weizhen, Yang Quan, Li Dongyang, He Jingming, Yuan Mei and Yao Nai. Have been to attract wine and sing in the wind. Teng amethyst is very talented Junshan Mountain is naturally small, and a cloud from Yungu and Menggu has been surrounding Yueyang City. The emperor had the right to play the harp, but he was still injured. I heard that Lan Zhi moved the Fang Xin, but it didn't come to an end, and there were several peaks on the river. "59 words lyrical, very imposing. However, at Teng's request, Fan Zhongyan wrote notes for Yueyang Tower, which is even better. & lt& lt Yueyang Tower > & gt***360 words, both literary and emotional, touching to read. Many aphorisms in this article have become the mottoes for future generations to communicate with others. Among them, the phrase "worry about the world first, and enjoy the world later" is even more popular.

Memorabilia of Yueyang Tower

Eastern Han Dynasty

Thirteen years of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (208)

Cao Cao marched south to Jingzhou, pursued Liu Bei with his boatman and arrived in Baqiu (now Yueyang).

After Battle of Red Cliffs, Sun Quan worshipped Zhou Yu as a partial general and led the southern county governor. Baqiu is the place where Zhou Yu served as the city guard.

Fifteen years of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 10)

In December, Zhou Yu returned to Jiangling (now Jiangling, Hubei) from Jingkou (now Zhenjiang, Jiangsu). Died of illness in Bachu on the way. Sun Quan ordered Lu Su to lead the troops instead of Zhou Yu.

Twenty years of Jian 'an in the Eastern Han Dynasty (2 15)

Sun Quan and Liu Bei competed for Jingzhou, and Sun Quan sent Lu Su to take 10,000 men to Baqiu to defend Guan Yu.

Wu Jiahe three years (234)

Zhuge Liang died in August. Sun Quan was afraid that Wei would take the opportunity to go south and sent more than 10,000 troops to Baqiu.

promote

The first year of Jin Taikang (280)

In February, King X of Jin and Tang Bing set up Baqiu. "Yu Di Guang Ji" contains: "In the first year of Jin Taikang, Ba Ling County was established in the May 8th Hill Emperor Pavilion".

Eastern Jin Dynasty (3 17-420)

Eight years of Yixi in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (4 12)

When Zhu Chao wrote the poem "Sleeping at Baling at Night", he said: "There are trees in the ancient village, but there is no building for a long time."

Southern Dynasties

Three years of Yuanjia in Southern Song Dynasty (426)

Yan Yanzhi, assistant minister of Chinese literature and a great poet, passed by Baling and wrote a poem entitled "The Capital of Shi 'an County, Zhang Xiangzhou's Ascending Baling Building", in which there is a sentence of "Qing Miracle Yueyang", and the name of "Yueyang" is first seen in the poem.

Song dynasty; surname

Song Yuanjia Sixteen Years (439)

Abandon Jianchang County, set up Baling County, and expand counties and cities. The Annals of Yuezhou County in Longqing contains: "Today Yuezhou County began in the 16th year of Song Yuanjia, and was built to suppress the old", "It crosses Ling Gang in the interior and blocks the Three Rivers along the coast, and the past dynasties are still old".

the Tang Dynasty

The third year of Tang Kaiyuan (7 16)

The secretariat Zhang used to be the secretariat of Yuezhou, and often climbed Yueyang Tower with scholars. There are more than 100 poems listed on the wall of the building. Zhang said that he compiled Yueyang Collection. In the north of Yueyang Tower, there is a building at the step of 100, which was later called "Gong Yanlou".

In the 13th year of Tang Kaiyuan (725)

Li Bai, a great poet, went out of Shu, crossed Bayu, went down to the Three Gorges to visit Dongting, and first arrived in Yueyang. In the 15th year of Kaiyuan (727), I traveled to Yueyang. In the autumn of the 27th year of Kaiyuan (739), Li Bai and the poet Wang Changling met in Yueyang.

The reign of Tang Tianbao (742 ~ 755)

Pei Yuanzan rebuilt Yuezhou City.

The second year of Tang Dynasty (759)

Jia Vegetation was demoted to Yuezhou Sima, and spent three years in Yuezhou, compiling Baling poems.

Three years of Tang Dali (768)

In winter, Du Fu's family went from Jiangling, Hubei Province to Yuezhou and lived at the gate of the city. In the spring of 769, I climbed the Yueyang Tower again.

The first year of Tang Yongzhen (805)

In October, Han Yu went to Jiangling, passing through Yuezhou.

At that time, Liu Yuxi was also in Yuezhou and boarded Yueyang Tower.

Fourteen years of Tang Yuanhe (8 19)

Bai Juyi climbed Yueyang Tower in spring.

The first year of Tang Guangming (880)

In October, Huang Chao Peasant Uprising Army conquered Yuezhou.

Later Liang Dynasty

Hou Liang Kaiping two years (908)

In June, Yuezhou was occupied by the Huai army. Zhu Wen, Emperor Taizu of Liang, was besieged by the boat master. The Huai army burned through could and ran away.

Northern Song Dynasty

In the Northern Song Dynasty, Gan De was four years old (966).

In February, a fire broke out in Yuezhou. "History of the Song Dynasty" says: "When the fire started, the county government seized the library, and the houses in the city were exhausted, and the officials were only allowed to cross the city."

Four years of the Northern Song Dynasty (1044)

In the spring, Teng was demoted to the secretariat of Yuezhou. Teng listed 78 poems by famous poets in Tang and Song Dynasties on Yueyang Louliang.

Five years of the Northern Song Dynasty (1045)

Chunteng Amethyst rebuilt Yueyang Tower, and planned to build a flood control dike by the lake. The following year, Ouyang Xiu wrote Hong Yan Diji.

Six years of Li Qing in Northern Song Dynasty (1046)

On June 15, Teng sent a book to Fan Zhongyan, requesting to record the situation of Yueyang Tower.

On September 15, Fan Zhongyan wrote The Story of Yueyang Tower.

Teng Amethyst established the "Four Unique Monuments".

Seven years of Li Qing in Northern Song Dynasty (1047)

Teng Amethyst moved to Suzhou. During his stay in Yue, Teng edited Selected Poems of Yueyang Tower.

The first year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1078)

Yueyang Tower was destroyed by fire in October.

The second year of Yuanfeng in the Northern Song Dynasty (1079)

Chunyu Zhou solemnly repaired Yueyang Tower on behalf of the army.

Eight years in Yuan Dynasty (1085)

Xia Meng and Mi Fei presented Fan Zhongyan's Yueyang Tower as a banner to book seekers.

Chongning period in Northern Song Dynasty (1102 ~1106)

Sun Xie, Zhou Zhijun of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower.

Southern Song Dynasty

Jian Yan in the Southern Song Dynasty for three years (1 129)

In the first month, the state was on fire. Yueyang Tower is damaged.

Eight years of Shaoxing in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 138)

Yuezhou Army Fan × Xiu Yueyang Tower.

Five years of cherishing spring in Southern Song Dynasty (1 178)

In winter, Lu traveled to Yuezhou and wrote poems such as "Climbing Yueyang Tower".

Four years of Qingyuan in the Southern Song Dynasty (1 198)

Rebuild Yueyang Tower

Seventeen years of Jiading in Southern Song Dynasty (1224)

On June 2 1 day and 23, a fire broke out in Yuezhou, and the Yueyang Tower was destroyed by the fire and was quickly repaired.

Eleven years of Southern Song Dynasty (125 1)

Rebuild Yueyang Tower. Zengbo Li wrote Rebuilding Yueyang Tower.

Fourteen years from Yuan Dynasty to Yuan Dynasty (1277)

Ma Zhiyuan, a winter playwright, traveled to Yueyang and created the drama "Lv Dongbin Sanzui Yueyang Tower".

Yuan dynasty (1206- 1368)

The first year of the Yuan Dynasty (1264 ~ 1294)

In the first year, Li Yingchun, manager of Huachi, Yuezhou Road, rebuilt Yueyang Tower.

Yuan two years (1296)

Chen Gongju, a literary critic in Baling County, compiled Yueyang Tower Collection.

Seven years from Yuan Dynasty to Ming Dynasty (1347)

In April, Xia Yong wrote the Yueyang Tower Map.

bright

Ming Hongwu four years (137 1)

State capital of Canada and Vietnam.

Twenty-five years of Ming Hongwu (1392)

Yuezhou Wei ordered the expansion of Fucheng.

Xuande period of Ming dynasty to orthodox three years (1426 ~ 1438)

General and Yue instructed Liu to rebuild Yueyang Tower.

Ming dynasty (1438 ~ 1449)

Yishan, the magistrate of Yuezhou, edited Poems of Yueyang Tower.

Seven years of Ming Chenghua (147 1)

1 1 month, Yueyang Tower was rebuilt in Wu Jie, the magistrate of Yuezhou, and completed in May of the following year.

The first year of Hongzhi in Ming Dynasty (1488)

Li Jing, the magistrate of Yuezhou, compiled poems about Yueyang Tower.

The year of Zheng Deyuan in Ming Dynasty (1506)

Liu Huan, the magistrate of Yuezhou, re-engraved the "Four Unique Monuments".

The second year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1523)

Han Shiying, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower and compiled poems about Yueyang Tower.

Xu wrote "Preface to Yueyang Tower Poetry".

Six years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1527)

In May, heavy rains in Yuezhou caused floods. The pillar of Yueyang Tower was interrupted by thunder.

Twenty-one years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1542)

Yuezhou magistrate Lu X rebuilt Yueyang Tower and proofread Xu Shiquan's poems about Yueyang Tower.

Forty-three years of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (1564)

Li, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower with the title "Rebuilding Yueyang Tower".

The first year of Qin Long in Ming dynasty (1567)

Li, the magistrate of Yuezhou, gradually repaired the city wall and rebuilt Yueyang Tower.

The first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1573)

In the first month, Zhong Chongwen reprinted Xu Wenming's Poem of Dongting Junshan.

Thirteen years of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1585)

In August, Mei Chun, the magistrate of Yuezhou, edited Yueyang Victory Collection.

That year, Wu Qi's "Three Tales Map" said: "Yueyang Tower has three floors, with a sudden porch on all sides, like a cross, and water flows on both sides. This system, the second floor of the building, is four feet and five feet high. "

Twelve years of Chongzhen in Ming Dynasty (1639)

On June 13, Yueyang Tower was destroyed by fire.

Tao Zongkong, an official of Yuezhou government, rebuilt Yueyang Tower in 1996, and built "Xianmeitang" on the left side of the building.

clean

Three years of Qing Shunzhi (1646)

In September, He Tengjiao led 200,000 troops to attack Yuezhou from Nanming and was defeated by the Qing army. Yueyang Tower was destroyed by war.

Six years of Qing Shunzhi (1649)

Tang Dingding, the magistrate of Yuezhou, came to repair the city.

Seven years of Qing Shuntai (1650)

Li Ruoxing, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower.

Fourteen years of Qing Shunzhi (1657)

Chun Shitao traveled across the state and wrote "Yueyang Tower Map".

Yueyang Tower was destroyed by a fire in 1998.

Emperor Kangxi of Qing Dynasty (1663)

Rebuild Yueyang Tower.

Eight years of Kangxi in Qing dynasty (1669)

Baling county ordered Li X to repair the city. The Annals of Ganlongyue contains: "Build a gatehouse, which is called Ying Hui in the east, Yingxun in the south, Yingen in the north and Yueyang Tower in the west".

Twenty-two years of Qing Emperor Kangxi (1683)

Li, the magistrate of Chunyu Yue, and Zhao, the magistrate of Baling County, advocated donating money to rebuild Yueyang Tower and rebuild the Xianmei Pavilion on the left side of the building.

Twenty-seven years of Qing emperor Kangxi (1688)

The fire in Yuezhou burned people's labor and extended Yueyang Tower.

Forty years of Kangxi in Qing Dynasty (170 1)

Sun Daolin, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower, which was not completed and collapsed by the flood.

Five years of Qing dynasty (1740)

Governor Hu Guangban allocated more than 6,200 taels of silver to the rudder post every year, and repaired the walls of Yuezhou Prefecture and Yueyang Tower.

Tian Eryi, the magistrate of Dongyue County, and Zhang Shifang, the magistrate of Baling County, began to rebuild Yueyang Tower and the city wall, which was completed the following year. The rebuilt Yueyang Tower has three floors, and there is a hotel on the right side of the building.

Seven years of Qing dynasty (1742)

Huangning Road, the magistrate of Yuezhou, built Yueyang Tower and donated the front hall of the hotel. The following year, please ask Fan Zhongyan to take photos along the Yueyang Tower.

Thirty-nine years of Qing Qianlong (1774)

The Yuezhou magistrate Lan Di and the Baling magistrate Xiong Mao Award requested the restoration of Fucheng. Later, Liang Guozhi, the governor of Hunan Province, Dunfu, the provincial judge, and the minister in charge of agriculture successively requested that * * * allocate 69,822 San Qian three points to repair the walls of Yamen, Yueyang Tower and Wenxing Pavilion.

Forty years of Qing Qianlong (1775)

Xiong Mao, the magistrate of Baling County, ordered the Yueyang Tower to be built, and the "Wang Xianting" was built on the right side of the building and the "Xianmei Pavilion" was rebuilt on the left side of the building.

Six years of Qing Jiaqing (180 1)

Yang is the county magistrate of the government. He suggested that this donation be used to rebuild Yueyang Tower and make minor repairs to it.

Twenty-five years of Qing Jiaqing (1820)

Zhai Shenghuan, the magistrate of Yuezhou, advised to donate to repair Yueyang Tower.

The first year of Daoguang reign (182 1)

After Zhai Shenghuan left office, Qin Zhi, the new magistrate, continued to persuade donations to repair Yueyang Tower and rebuild its berth.

Nine years of Daoguang Qing dynasty (1829)

Lu Enzhan, the magistrate of Xia Yue, suggested donating money to repair Yueyang Tower and Xianmei Pavilion.

Nineteen years of Daoguang Qing dynasty (1839)

In December, Zhai Sheng, the magistrate of Yuezhou, assembled several times to rebuild Yueyang Tower. And build the "Doumu Pavilion".

Wang Kequan was ordered to build a new "Chen Han Pavilion" in Xianmei Pavilion, and a plaque of "Initiating Stone House" was placed in the pavilion.

Six years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1867)

Ceng Guoquan allocated moon tax to rebuild Yueyang Tower. Transform "Doumu Pavilion" into "Sanzui Pavilion". When repairing the pavilion, he inscribed Ji Shao's book "Liu Xian Pavilion" on his forehead.

Twelve years of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1873)

Zhang Derong, the magistrate of Yuezhou, suggested donating money to repair the foundation of Yueyang Tower and build Chenhan Pavilion at the same time.

Guangxu Six Years in Qing Dynasty (1880)

Zhang Derong, the magistrate of Yuezhou, rebuilt Yueyang Tower and moved the building location to the east by more than six feet. At the same time, the Xianmei Pavilion and Sanzui Pavilion will be rebuilt, and the lakeside revetment and the breach on the city will be strengthened. /kloc-starts in 0/month and is completed in 0/February. It costs 20 thousand yuan.

Twenty-three years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty (1897)

In June, Huang Zunxian went to Yanfa Road, Changbao, Hunan Province, passed through Yuezhou, climbed Yueyang Tower and wrote the poem "Go to Yueyang Tower".

Thirty-four years of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty to four years of the Republic of China (1908 ~ 19 15)

The Japanese East Asia Chinese Academy, located in Shanghai, has sent seven groups of students to Yuezhou to "inspect" and visit Yueyang Tower, and recorded their situation in its book "Don't Quan Zhi in zhina Province".

Xuantong in Qing Dynasty for three years (19 1 1)

On the third day of September, the Hunan-Hubei uprising army entered Yuezhou, the Qing army stationed in the city surrendered, and Yuezhou was peacefully recovered.

Gan Xingdian led seven or eight hundred troops to occupy Yueyang Tower, and demanded food and silver from Yuezhou gentry and merchants on the condition that Yueyang Tower would not be burned. Tang Mang and Song Shiben, vicegovernors of Yuezhou, had a secret talk with the Hunan Governor's Office, and took the Ganxing Hall and Yueyang Tower to turn the corner.

Related literary works

"Yueyang Tower" Fan Zhongyan

Yueyang Tower-Textbook Illustration Celebrates the Spring of Four Years, Tengshou Baling County. In the second year, the government was harmonious and everything went smoothly. Is to rebuild Yueyang Tower, add its old system, and engrave Tang Xian's poems on it. It belongs to the composition to remember.

Guanfu Baling wins in Dongting Lake. Take a distant mountain, swallow the Yangtze River, and make a vast soup, boundless; It's sunny in the morning and cloudy at night. This is the grand view of Yueyang Tower. Everything the elder said is ready. But the northern martial arts, the Antarctic Xiaoxiang, and the poets who moved abroad will all be here, and they will look at things well.

The husband is promiscuous and rainy, the moon does not open, the evil wind howls, and the turbid waves are empty; The sun, moon and stars are hidden, and the mountains are hidden; Business travel is bad and ruined; Twilight is boundless, tigers roar and apes crow. When you go to the temple building, you are homesick, sad, sad and sad.

If it is spring, it is calm and the sky is high and the clouds are light; Sha Ou Ji Xiang, swimming in the brocade scale; The coast is blue and green. Or the long smoke is exhausted, the bright moon is thousands of miles away, the light is shining, the static shadow is sinking, and the fishing songs are answered. How happy I am! When you arrive at Dunsi Building, you will feel relaxed and happy, forget the humiliation, and leave the wine in the wind, which will make you feel happy.

Hey, honey! Is it to taste the heart of the ancient benevolent, or to do something different? Don't rejoice in things, don't grieve for yourself. If you live high in a temple, you will worry about your people; If you stay away from the Jianghu, you will worry about your husband. It's worrying about going in and going out. But when will you be happy? It must be said that "worry about the world first, and then enjoy the world." Hey! Wes, who are we going home with?

September 15th, six years.

Du Fu, The Story of Climbing Yueyang Tower

I heard that Dongting Lake is magnificent before, but today's wish has finally reached Yueyang Tower.

The vast lake tore Wu Chu apart, as if the sun, moon and stars were floating in the water.

There is no news from my friends or relatives. I am old and sick, drifting in a boat.

The battle of the north gate began again, and I cried through the railing.

Li Bai's Climbing Yueyang Tower with Twelve Summers

Climb the Yueyang Tower and overlook the Yangtze River until you reach the open Dongting Lake.

It breaks my heart to see geese flying south, and the distant mountains are in the title of a good month.

On the upper floor of the sky, stay in the chair and upload a glass of wine from the sky.

The cool breeze rising after drunkenness, blowing the sleeves with the wind, we will return.

Looking at the night view of Yueyang Tower, Tang Cuijue

Gankun travels thousands of miles, and the fishing boat returns.

The north wind is oblique upstairs, and the west of the lake is upside down.

Huai Sha hates poets, while Di Zi idles about.

What is the dusk? Several smoke trees meet Man Jing.

Yueyang Tower Liu Changqing

The day in Qingxi is over, and the clouds are full of mountains and shadows.

In front of the building, tourists complain about Qiu Meng, and the beautiful scenery on the lake is suspicious of nocturnal songs.

Sitting alone, the wind is high and the wind is urgent, and Pinghu is foggy.

In the end, the ship has to carry firewood and the sail has to worry about Bai Bo.

"Climbing Yueyang Tower" Chen in Southern Song Dynasty

Dongting East Jiangxi, the curtain is quiet and the sunset is late.

Deng Wu and Shu divided the land horizontally and migrated the lakes and mountains to dusk.

Wan Li road is still long, but it is more difficult than three years.

In the ancient wind and frost, the old wood is infinitely sad.