When was Hong Kong occupied by Japan?

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When was Hong Kong occupied by Japan?

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During the Japanese occupation of Hong Kong,194165438+On February 7, Japan attacked Pearl Harbor ... At 3 pm on February 25 of the same year, Governor Yang announced his surrender and Hong Kong fell.

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The history of Hong Kong can be traced back to the Neolithic Age 5000 years ago. After Qin Shihuang unified China, South China Sea, Guilin and Xiang Jun were successively established, and Hong Kong belonged to Panyu County, Nanhai County. Since then, Hong Kong has been under the jurisdiction of the central government. In the Han Dynasty, Hong Kong belonged to Boluo County, Nanhai County. In the sixth year of Xianhe in the Eastern Jin Dynasty (AD 33 1 year), Hong Kong belonged to Baoan County, Dongguan County. During the Sui Dynasty, Hong Kong belonged to Baoan County, Nanhai County and guangzhou fu. In the second year of Tang Zhide (AD 757), Baoan County was changed to Dongguan County, and Hong Kong still belonged to Dongguan County. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, a large number of mainland people moved to Hong Kong, which promoted the great development of Hong Kong's economy and culture. In the first year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (1573), Hong Kong belonged to Xin 'an County. Hong Kong is an excellent deep-water port, once known as one of the three natural seaports in the world. In the early years, the British took a fancy to Victoria Harbour in Hong Kong, which had the potential to become an excellent port in East Asia, and spared no effort to win it over from the Manchu government by the Opium War to develop its maritime trade in the Far East, thus beginning the history of Hong Kong becoming a British colony. From 1842 to 1997, Hong Kong was a British colony. On July 6th, Hong Kong returned to China. The three parts of Hong Kong (Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and New Territories) come from three unequal treaties in different periods. 1840 after the first opium war, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the treaty of nanking on 1842 and cede Hong Kong Island. 1856, the British and French allied forces launched the second Opium War, forcing the Qing government to sign the Beijing Treaty in 1860, ceding the Kowloon Peninsula, the area south of today's Jiejie. After the Sino-Japanese War of 1894, 1894, Britain forced the Qing government to sign the "Special Provisions on Expanding the Border of Hong Kong" in 1898, and forcibly leased the New Territories for 99 years until130 June 1997. Leasing in the New Territories has increased the area of Hong Kong tenfold.

Chronology of major historical events

184 1 year 65438+1October 26th: After the First Opium War, Britain occupied Hong Kong Island. Later, the Qing government tried to recover lost territory by force, and Daoguang issued many orders for this. However, the Qing Dynasty could never defend its territorial integrity. 1August 29th, 842: The Qing government signed the unequal treaty "treaty of nanking" with Britain, ceding Hong Kong Island to Britain. 1860 65438+1October 24th: China and Britain signed the unequal Beijing Treaty, ceding the area south of Boundary Street in Kowloon Peninsula to Britain. 1June 9, 898: Britain forced the Qing government to sign the "Special Provisions on Expanding the Boundary of Hong Kong" to lease 262 islands north of Boundary Street in Kowloon Peninsula for 99 years (ending on June 30, 997). 194165438+February 25th: During World War II, the Japanese invaded Hong Kong, and the British troops stationed in Hong Kong were unable to resist. At that time, Governor Yang had no choice but to declare surrender. Hong Kong was occupied by Japan and began a "period of Japanese rule" of three years and eight months. 1945 September 15: Japan signed a surrender in Hong Kong after its defeat and withdrew from Hong Kong. 1984 12 19: China and Britain signed a joint statement on the question of Hong Kong and implemented "one country, two systems" after Hong Kong 1997. 1 July, 19971:Hongkong became the People's Republic of China (PRC) Special Administrative Region. According to the Basic Law, Hong Kong's previous economic, legal and social systems will remain unchanged for 50 years and "one country, two systems" will be implemented. The Hong Kong Special Administrative Region enjoys a high degree of autonomy except that national defense and foreign affairs are managed by the central government.

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Star core 20 10- 12-02

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Military government period

In the early days of Japanese rule, Sakai Takashi imposed martial law, and Japan issued an executive order at Tsim Sha Tsui Peninsula Hotel in Kowloon. Japanese military government (including political department, civil affairs department, economic department, legal department and military department, etc.). ) has enacted strict laws and established a government to govern all Hong Kong citizens. * * * More than 7,000 prisoners of war (including British soldiers and citizens) were held in the prison camps in Sham Shui Po and Stanley. Prisoners of war endured hunger and disease. At the same time, the Japanese military government blocked Victoria Harbour and took control of the warehouses by the sea.

1942 65438+ 10, the police composed of Indians and Hong Kong people were called up to become the gendarmerie. The Japanese Gendarmerie divides the police station in Hong Kong into five districts, namely East Hong Kong, West Hong Kong, Kowloon, New Territories and Marine Police. Headquartered in the former French diplomatic mission building in Central, Hong Kong Island (now the Hong Kong Court of Final Appeal).

[Editor] Civil Affairs Period

1942 On February 20th, the "Government of the Occupied Territory of Hong Kong" [1] was formally established, and Lieutenant General Akie Abe became the Governor of Hong Kong, ending the period of military government. The government headquarters is located in the Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Building in Central, Hong Kong Island, and the Peninsula Hotel is changed to the military headquarters. The Governor's Office in the occupied area of Hong Kong became the highest administrative organ in Hong Kong at that time, and it was also one of the institutions directly under the Japanese wartime cabinet. At that time, the status of Hong Kong was equal to that of Taiwan Province Province and North Korea, so the Japanese did not set up a puppet "autonomous government" in Hong Kong.

The Japanese occupy most important positions in the new government (including the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Communications, the Ministry of Economic Affairs, the Reporting Department, the Management Department and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs), while the China people can only hold some middle and low-level positions. However, in order to achieve the goal of "controlling China with China", Japan also established two China organizations, the China People's Congress and the China People's Agreement. The People's Congress of China is an advisory body of the Governor, with four members (Robert Hormus, Liu Tiecheng, Li Zefang and Chen Lianbo). The Chinese People's Association has 22 members (Chairman, Vice Chairman Li, members Dong Zhongwei, Ye Lanquan, Wu Hua, Luo, Si Qidong, Ling Kangfa, Lin, Li Zhongfu, Guo Zan, Lu Aiyun, Zhou Yaonian, Tan Yashi, Wang, Deng Zhaojian, Yan Chengkun and Huang Yanyan). Unlike the executive or legislative assemblies under British rule, the China People's Congress or the agreement assembly has no legal power.

Under Japanese control, 1942 in March, the Ministry of Civil Affairs established a basic administrative regional structure, which divided Hong Kong Island into 12, Kowloon into 9 and New Territories into 7. Each district has a district detention center, and a China person is appointed as the director to manage the affairs in the district and represent the needs of citizens in the district. This administrative structure was redesigned under the rule of Yasuke Ishiguro, which laid the foundation for the future development of governance in Hong Kong. In addition, the government of the occupied territories issued a "resident card" to Hong Kong people, which is the first identity document of Hong Kong.

Wakam 20 10- 12-02

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