The main tributary of Muling River.

The Shuangninggou River, which originates from the east slope of Laoyeling, is 28.8 kilometers long and its source is 740 meters above sea level. It flows 5 kilometers south with a drop of 595 meters. After merging with two small rivers flowing out of Nangou and Xigou, it turns to the northeast and flows to Shuangning Forest Farm. The water flows straight to the east and flows into the Unity Reservoir. Before the river was put into storage, Huangqigou River flowed from the north. Huangqigou River is 9.8 kilometers long and originates from the southern foot of Hama Mountain. There are many canyons and swift streams on both sides, and there are forest roads leading to the ditch.

Dongjianchanggou River (a dry mountain river), 2 1km long, originates from the 749 highland in Nangou, a big pigsty, and joins Muling River in the northwest of Hehe Township. The river channel enters the * * * and the basin near Dongsheng Village, and two canals are led out from the alluvial fan to provide sufficient water for rice planting in the * * * and the basin.

Niuxin River, which originated in Beigou of the old factory, is 730 meters above sea level with a total length of 22.7 kilometers. There are many streams along the river, with Beigou of Niuxin Forest Farm as the largest, and dense forests in the mountainous area of the basin, mainly Korean pine. Niuxinshan management office was built near the estuary, which cultivated and updated the over-exploitation area.

Huangcaogou (formerly known as Laosonggou) is a large tributary on the right bank of Muling River. Wojiling, the boundary of Fayuan County, has a total length of 56.2 kilometers, and there are six streams on both sides of the upstream river. At the No.8 dam, the river is 8 meters wide and the water depth is 0.7 meters. The dongyangmu river flows into the east at a distance of 45 kilometers from the source. Dongyangmu River is 22.5 kilometers long and consists of nine tributaries. Among them, five tributaries originate from the western slope of Taipingling Mountains on the border of Dongning. The mountains on both sides of every river are covered with forests. Before the timber transportation road was built in 1960s, there were 14 dams and sluices on the river, which used the river to transport timber. Huangcaogou River crosses Yingmenlazi River and crosses the canyon. There are five big bend rivers. After leaving the canyon, the river is12m wide and 0.9m deep, and flows into Muling River at Xiaosancha.

Yanquan River originates from the second section ditch of Yanquan River, with a source of 720 meters above sea level and a flow length of 29.5 kilometers. The upstream flows through Mangang District, with a vast basin area. The river below the chicken house is widened, and most of the banks are cultivated land. Into the Muling River in the south of Yan Quan village.

Dashitou River, a large tributary on the left side of Muling River, is 73.5 kilometers long. It originates from the south slope of Dajiazi Peak at the junction of wood and wood, and its source is1.050m above sea level. Its upstream flows southward with a steep slope, and the river drops by 300 meters at a distance of 8 kilometers from the source, with a drop of 4%. Turn east after crossing Sanxinshan Forest Farm, and then turn northeast. There are birch river, lotus river, northwest fork, northwest fork and Xiaoshitou river on the left side of the river; On the right is Xu Xiaopu River. Dashitou River Basin is an important forest area of Muling Forestry Bureau, with red, white, pine and poplar trees all over the mountains. In the past, many dams were built along the river to transport wood, but now water transportation has been abandoned and replaced by car transportation. There are timber transportation roads along Dashitou River, leading to Hexiang and Heping Forest Farm. Dashitou River joins Muling River in the south of Sanchatun, and Xiaoshitou River joins Dashitou River here, so it is called Sancha Basin, with a plain area of 10 square kilometers, open terrain, convenient irrigation and early development of farming activities. By the end of the Qing dynasty, there were gradually residents. In the Republic of China, it was located in front of Muling Town. Now Sanchatun, Mingxin Village and henan village are distributed on Sanchatun alluvial fan.

Beilinzi River originates from the northwest of Daimagou, with a total length of 22.6 kilometers. Beilinzi River flows into Muling River from west to east through Daimagou, Xinfang, Beilinzi and Daqiaozi in hebei village, Muling Town. Sui Bin Railway extends from Daimagou along the left bank of Beilinzi River to Muling Town.

The Red Eye Ha River, which originates from the western slope of Taipingling Mountains on the eastern border, is 28.2 kilometers long. It flows from the source to the northwest and along the mountains and valleys. Hasui Highway goes along the Red Eye Ha River. The downstream valley of Hongyanhagou is spacious, with a mouth of 8 kilometers long and fertile soil, which is one of the earlier developed areas in the county.

Liumao River is located in the west of Xingyuan Town, originating from the southern slope of Niederhogg, and located in Kent Aling at the border of Linkou, with a total length of 23.6 kilometers. Seen from the source of Liumao River, the river flows from northwest to southeast, and then from east to northeast, with the Houshigou River in the middle and a small drop in the downstream. There are some marshes on both sides of the river. The land in the basin is fertile and agriculture and animal husbandry are developed.

The Cheraft River, which originates from the eastern slope of Alin, Kent, is 24.6 kilometers long. The upper reaches are operated by cutting rafters, and trees are planted in over-developed areas. The middle reaches is the former site of the * * * Productive Labor University established during the Cultural Revolution, with beekeeping and livestock farms. There is a small valley with a river drop downstream, and there is a rafter village on the alluvial fan.

Kouhegou is fan-shaped above Dongsheng village in the upstream, with the first 2, 3 and 4 ditches in the south, west and north directions, and the third ditch is the mainstream of Kouhegou. Originated in the east slope of Arling, Kent, the source is 575 meters above sea level, with a total length of 23.4 kilometers. Dongsheng village, at the confluence of four tributaries, has a small mountain basin of 4 square kilometers. The puppet Manchukuo was called Shanzu Group, which was later changed to Guangfutun. This is the forest cutting operation area, and now there is a river ditch management office. The river below Dongsheng village is southeast, and the gully is narrow. 10 km long ditch has no residential village. From the river to Shenyuantun, there is a small buckle ditch on the right. As a result, the river valley in the 5-kilometer reach of the Goukou River is wide, and there are scattered villages such as Xiatun, Shangtun, Xigoutun, Dongxing Village and xinfeng village on the alluvial fan.

Yulaiha River (formerly known as Chaoyangchuan), also known as Dalinzi River, is distributed on the east side of Muling River in the shape of chicken feet. The mainstream Youlaiha River originates from Dongdagang, Xingyuan Township, with a total length of19.2km.. It flows from south to north, and Hubei ditch is in the east. Kuyushu Forest Farm has a large area of artificial forest on the hillside of each ditch. The ditch is located in Huanghuochi Village and Chaoyang Village, and there is Sanlitun at the mouth of the ditch.

Maqiao River, which originates from the west slope of Taipingling, is 540 meters above sea level and has a flow length of 4 1.3 kilometers. The upstream is called southwest ditch, which flows from southwest to northeast, and the tributary is Fox River, which widens to Honglou Valley. The flowing water bends to the northeast, and there are Liulidi River, Xiagou River and Beixiao River on the right. Liulidi River originated in Old Montenegro. Before the Republic of China, it was called Sanjidingzigou. This is a famous forest cutting area, and more than 20 kilometers of forest railways have been built. At this point, the subgrade is clearly visible. The North River is 23 kilometers long, and the upper reaches are called Bajiazi River. Maqiao River has a wide valley and fertile land. The river flows through Ji Cheng, enters Muling Railway Bridge, and then flows into the river. Estuaries are usually 14m wide and 0.9m deep. The total length of Sui Bin Railway from Xiachengzi via Maqiao River to Hongfangzi is 2 1km, and it runs along Maqiao Valley.

Qinghe River, originating from the continental shelf of Beidagang, flows from south to north through Xincheng, Qinghe Forest Farm, Qinghe Village and Zhongshan Village, and joins Muling River in the north of Bamiantong Town. The total length is 265,438+0 km, with Taihe ditch as its tributary and Qinghe Reservoir as its middle reaches. On the left bank of Qinghe River, there is Muba Highway leading to Bamiantong, the county seat. At the beginning of this century, the road leading to Mishan passed through here, so Qinghe was called Qing Teahouse.

Leifengqi River originates from Niuqi Mountain at the border of Linkou, with a total length of 54.8 kilometers. The upstream reaches Danianzigou, and the right branches are Xiaonianzigou, Erzhan Gou, Toudaogou, Erdaogou, Nanbaozigou and Xinxing Nangou. There are gullies on the left, Beibaozigou and Leifeng Xigou, which join the Muling River in the north of Puxing Village. Leifeng Qihe River Basin is rich in placer gold reserves, which have been mined for decades. There are also coal mines and serpentine mines in the basin. Liu Ba Highway passes along the valley along the river, with open terrain in the lower reaches, convenient irrigation, developed agriculture and many paddy fields along the river. Abandoned gold mines have turned into bubbles, and artificial fish farming can be carried out. This mountainous area is rich in native products and is famous for producing ginseng, fungus and mushrooms.

Baicaogou, originating from Zhaolongshan in Arling, Kent, is 34.5 kilometers long and flows into Muling River in the north of Fulai Village from west to east. The tributaries are Shimen ditch, Banghammer ditch, Hailong ditch and Jinshan ditch. Shimengou is 14 km long, which is the mainstream of Baicaogou. Baicaogou Basin is rich in mineral resources, such as gold, coal, graphite and marble. Bamian-Linkou Highway passes through Baicaogou and basically passes along the railway subgrade built in 1945. Baicaogou has a wide valley and fertile land.

The Liangzi River on the right side of Muling River is 70.2km long, with two tributaries in the upper reaches. The South Liangzi River (mainstream) is 56.6km long, which originates from Baishilazi at the border of Dongning, with an altitude of 9 10/0m. The North Liangzi River is 465,438+0.4 km long, which originates from the dry rice basin and its source is 820 meters long. The South Liangzi River flows from the source to the south to the northwest of the Laoheishan Management Office of Maqiaohe Forest Farm, flows through Tai 'an, Guangming, Gao Feng, Sifang and Fulu, and joins the North Liangzi River in the south of Pingsheng Bridge in the east. The North Liangzi River flows from its source to the north, passes through Fengyueqiao Forest Farm, Fu Sheng and Chunsheng, turns to the west, joins the south through Chengde, then turns to the northwest, passes through Pingsheng Village and Le Kang Village, and flows into Muling River through Ji Cheng Railway. The upper reaches of the two streams are forest areas, and the paddy fields below Nanxifeng Village are contiguous. Beixi River Valley is wide, with a large area of cultivated land and villages everywhere. The floodplain is full of dry fields, and paddy fields are everywhere on both sides of the river. Guang Tai Reservoir is built on Nanyangcaogou River in Guang Tai Village. Mangniu River originates from Xiaoyunshan Mountain in Mashan District, flows through Mashan Township and Lanling Township, and joins Muling River in the southwest of Didao Town. The river is 63 kilometers long, the basin area is 879 square kilometers, and the annual runoff is 65.438+0.47 billion cubic meters. There is Longshan Reservoir south of Longcun on Mangniu River, with a total storage capacity of 5.89 million cubic meters, accounting for 8.59% of the total storage capacity of 8 reservoirs in the urban area, second only to Tuanshanzi Reservoir.

Didao River, originating from Xingnong Township, Jidong County, Jixi City, flows through Tuanshanzi Village, Jichang Village and Hedong Village in Didao District and joins Muling River in the southeast of Didao Town. The river is 43 kilometers long, the basin area is 689 square kilometers, and the annual runoff is 65.438+0.26 billion cubic meters. The length of the river flowing through the urban area is 15km.

Huangnihezi originates from Yangmuxiagou, Zhu Min Town, Hengshan District, with a river length of 4 1.5km, a drainage area of 32 1 km2 and an annual runoff of 4 1 100 million cubic meters. The river flows through Zhu Min Town and Hongqi Township in the southwest-northeast direction, and then gradually turns to the southeast, entering Jidong County and pouring into Muling River. Semi-boundary River, originating from Songshudingzi in Xiangyang Township to Futabayama, is 27.6 kilometers long and joins Muling River in the northeast of Wuxing Village in Mingde Korean Township. Watershed area 107 km2.

The Fraxinus mandshurica River, which originates from the north of southern Shandong, is 20 kilometers long and flows into Muling River through Liuhe Village, Quhe Village, Mingde Korean Village and Liming Village. Watershed area 134.5438+0 km2.

Hadad river originated from the north side of Jianshan Mountain in Xingnong Township, with a total length of 48 kilometers. The lower reaches are the boundary river between Hada and Xinhua Township, which flows into Muling River in Xinhua Village, with a drainage area of 542.7 square kilometers. There are seven tributaries in Mishan County, such as Peideli River, Guokui River, Taipinggou, Tatou River, Qingxiangou, Jiefanggou and Liumao River, which interweave into a natural water conservancy network, providing abundant water conservancy resources for Mishan County.

The Peddley River, which originated from Dala Mountain in Mishan County, flows into the Youth Reservoir. After my adjustment, it flows eastward and flows into Muling River through Peide Town and Xingkai Township. Total length 139 km, drainage area 1863.9 km2. The annual runoff in the northern mountainous area is deep 150 mm, and the average runoff for many years is 280.34 million cubic meters. When the guarantee rate is 30%, the runoff is 65.438+0.49 billion cubic meters. The main tributaries of Peideli River are Jinsha River, Little Peideli River, Yongshenggou, Mushroom Gully, Dongsheng Gully, Honglinggou, Xingkai Gully, Pianlian River and Dongfagou.

Jinsha River, originating from the valley at the southern foot of Dalazi Mountain at the junction of Mishan and Baoqing County, flows into Youth Reservoir.

The Little Peddley River, which originated at the northern foot of Xishan in the coal mine, flows eastward through the youth and flows into the youth reservoir in the north of Heping Village.

Pianlian River, which originates from the northern ditch of Datushan Mountain, flows southwest through the east side of Mei Qing Mountain Forest Farm, then southeast through the east side of Wandashan Farm Water Conservancy Team, and joins the Peideli River.

Guokui River, which originates from Xishan in the northern coal mine of Guokui Lazi, flows southwest around Guokui Lazi Mountain, flows eastward through Sandaoling Forest Farm, passes through Jimi Railway, and the Fumin main canal flows into Muling River. The total length is 98.8 kilometers, the drainage area is 6 18 square kilometers, the annual average runoff depth is 130 mm, and the annual average runoff is 80.34 million cubic meters. The larger tributaries flowing into Guokui River are Diaolong River, Maqiao River and Qinnonggou.

Diaolong River originates from Yaoying Xilun, flows southward through Diaolong River Tun and joins Guokui River.

Maqiao River originates in the north of Qinnong Mountain and flows southward into Guokui River for discharge.

Tatou Lake River, which originates from Gandayan Gully, Heitai Town, Mishan County, flows eastward, flows southward through Erlong Mountain, passes through Jimmy Railway and Fumi Qu Qian, enters Tatou Lake, and discharges into Muling River in the southwest of Yongxin Village, Lianzhushan Town. The total length is 53 kilometers, the drainage area is 258 square kilometers, and the average runoff depth for many years is 120 mm.

Liumao River, a first-class tributary on the right bank of the middle and lower reaches of Muling River, originates from the northern slope of Honey Mountain, flows into Liumao Reservoir from west to east, flows eastward after passing through the reservoir, and joins Muling River in the northeast of 857 Farm. The total length is 32 kilometers, the average width is 8 meters, the drainage area is 175 square kilometers, and the annual runoff is 120 mm. There is Hexi irrigation area (10,000 mu) in Muling City, which is located on the left bank of Muling River and its tributary Leifeng River. The canal is located at the left bank of Xiahe River on the "25 Li" (named after the 25 km sign of Ji Cheng Railway) railway bridge. Using the old river water body as the water conveyance channel, a concrete facing dam was built in the south of Xiangyang Village in Hexi Township. Two intake gates were completed at 1978. The national investment is 620,000 yuan, and the designed irrigation area is 2 1.300 mu. However, the supporting project has not yet reached the standard, and it is suitable for irrigation 12000 mu at present.

Jixi City has built three ten thousand mu irrigation areas in Muling River Basin, which is an important water diversion project for paddy field irrigation. 1985, the effective irrigation area of water transfer project was 2334 hectares, accounting for 39.6438+0% of the effective irrigation area of 5968.6 hectares in the whole city.

Chengzihe Irrigation District, located in the northern part of the city, east to Dongfeng Village, Jidong County, west to Chengzihe Coal Mine Railway Bridge, east-west length13 km; It reaches Muling River in the south and Chengzihe District in the north, with a width of 2 kilometers from north to south. There are 7 natural villages in the irrigation area, with 2460 hectares of cultivated land. 1985, the effective irrigation area in the area 100 1 hectare, including paddy fields of 990.3 hectares. Irrigation area 1047 hectares, including paddy field 1020 hectares (super benefit), with a total investment of 380,000 yuan. Among them, the state invested 280,000 yuan and the masses raised 654.38+10,000 yuan. Chengzihe Irrigation District was gradually built on the basis of the development during the occupation period. At the 250m 1950 upstream of the railway bridge in Chengzihe Mine, the original two sources were merged into 1. 1952 dig a total drainage channel of 3600 meters in the irrigation area, and expand the paddy field area of 266 hectares. 1953 spring flood, the south bank of the barrage was washed away, resulting in a gap 130m, 1954 spring flood repair. There are three auxiliary dams in the upstream of the canal head. The main water conveyance canal at the head of the canal is located on the south side of the highway. Due to the dumping of a lot of soil and gravel in Lubei quarry, a lot of man-hours are needed for dredging every year. In the upstream of the barrage, the silt and gravel dumped from the quarry on the north side of the road raised the riverbed 1.5m, causing the river to move southward, and the barrage at the head of the canal gradually lost its water interception function. From August 1984 to August 1985 to 1 October 10, a total of1electric pumping stations were built at the head of the canal, with a designed irrigation area of 1447 hectares, including 647 hectares of vegetable fields. The slope protection of the main canal in the irrigation area is built with cement mortar, with a length of1.500m, 45 drainage branches and 232 new and reconstructed structures. 1985, the structure is basically completed.

Liumao Irrigation District was rebuilt on the basis of the development during the occupation period after the founding of New China. It is located in the central village of Liumao Township, starting from Liumao Village in the south and reaching Qinglong Mountain in the north, with a length of 1 1 km from north to south. Ji Cheng Railway, which runs from Liumao Township in the east to Muling River in the west, is 2.5 kilometers wide from east to west. The total area of irrigation area is 27.5 square kilometers. There are 12 natural villages with 2473 hectares of cultivated land. 1959 newly excavated 3,600-meter-long water branch canal, and 234 hectares of dry land were converted into paddy fields. 1985 effective irrigation area 1 140 hectares, of which paddy field area 1033 hectares; Irrigation area 1020 hectares, including paddy field area of 980 hectares. The barrage at the head of the canal was built with wooden stakes and straw bags every year by the tributaries of Muling River during the occupation period. 1952 rebuilt as liushi dam. 1 winter solstice in 9631spring in 964,1Liushi dam was built on the main stream of Muling River, which was destroyed by flood in flood season. In the winter of the same year and the spring of 1965, the upstream of the damaged barrage was built at 1.5 km. In that year, due to the willow trees cut down from the rebuilt barrage to the former site of Long Mu rockfill dam, three gullies were formed, and the flood threatened the new dam foundation. 1980- 1984, the state invested 650,000 yuan to reinforce the barrage with cement mortar. At the same time, new 2-hole desilting sluice and 3-hole intake sluice, new 800-meter water conveyance trunk canal and 250-meter drainage trunk canal are all protected by cement mortar. Strengthen the revetment and stilling basin on both sides of the barrage to reduce the threat of flood. There are still some projects in the irrigation area with irrigation but no drainage, and the structures on the main water conveyance canal need to be rebuilt and added.

Lishu Irrigation District, 1970, the barrage at the head of the canal is built on the main stream of Muling River, with the wooden cage rockfill dam on the front and the liushi dam on the back. The excavated main water conveyance canal is 4 kilometers, and 3 branch water conveyance canals are 2,5 kilometers. There are 93 buildings in the irrigation area, with a designed irrigation area of 770 hectares. 1985 irrigation area 133 hectares, of which paddy field area is 67 hectares, which is far from meeting the design irrigation area requirements. The quality of barrage engineering in irrigation area is poor, the canal system is not matched, and there is a lack of field engineering. During irrigation, water is dug at will on the main canal, which destroys the canal system and reduces the paddy field area year by year. In Muling city

In the first year of the Puppet Manchukuo (1934), walls were built in Xingyuan Town and Bamiantong to replace flood levees; In the second year of the Puppet Manchukuo (1935), a shooting range was built at Dongshan Root, South Street, Muling Town, and the remaining materials were piled on the bank of Muling River, with a height of 1 m and a length of 700 m, forming the rudiment of the dike. In the seventh year of Manchukuo (1940) and 10 (1943), the dikes were reinforced year by year. After the founding of New China, it was cultivated and popularized year by year. After 1976, farmland levee and Muling baili long dike will be built.

The dike in Muling Town began in the period of the Puppet Manchukuo. 1957, the height is increased to 3.5m, and (the top width is 2m, and the bottom width is16m) is extended by 2km. 1966 additional embankment slope and slope toe protection works. Up to 1973, 4.9 1 km of masonry toe and 49 10/0m of masonry revetment have been completed. Dry masonry slope protection 47 10/0m. The total earthwork volume is 6.5438+500,000 cubic meters. It took 290,000 man-days and the state invested 538,000 yuan. Protect 35,000 people.

In addition, there is a Henan farmland levee, located in the northeast of henan village, built at 1976, with a design of 3.5 kilometers and a completion of 3 kilometers, protecting farmland at 1500 mu; Shuguang farmland levee is located on the east bank of Muling River. Built in 1970, it has a total length of 3.4 kilometers and protects 2.800 mu of farmland.

Bamiantong town levee. It's the change of the city wall. Total length 1540 linear meter, top width 1 meter, bottom width 3 meters, embankment height 2 meters, and 2 culverts.

Liangtai Dike, formerly known as Ilya Dike, is located on the west bank of Muling River. It's the change of the city wall. 1976 Re-select the dike line, and Xishan bypasses Liangtai Mountain and goes straight into Liumao estuary. The design standard is once every 50 years. Total design length of dike 1980 linear meter, completed1500m. There is a section of Yagi Highway (8 meters wide at the top) in the dike, and the rest is 3 meters wide. Protect 6,400 people and 2,000 mu of farmland in Xingyuan Town.

Hedong farmland levee, 1974, was built by the head of Hedong irrigation area, with a total length of 350 linear meters. It is a dry masonry slope protection and rockfill embankment. 1976 rock filling was changed into an earth embankment, with a length of 5 kilometers, a waterfront slope of 700 meters and 3500 mu of farmland protected.

Xinfeng dike is located on the east bank of Muling, built in 1976, with a length of 3900 linear meters and 5000 mu of farmland protection.

Jixi county levee

1942, the puppet Jining county government forced laborers to build dams on the south bank of Muling River from Chengzihe Railway to Zuo Jia Street. The dike is less than 1 m high, nearly 2 meters wide and 2.5 kilometers long, protecting Jining Street from floods. 1In August, 943, the Muling River flooded and all dams were destroyed. The maximum flow of flood is 2800 cubic meters per second, and Liangjiajie and Feng 'an Lane are seriously affected. The county drowned 32 people and washed down more than 600 houses.

1957, the first mayor's office meeting of the Municipal People's Committee made a decision to build a 6-kilometer dike on the south bank of the Muling River near Jiguan District, and mobilized all sectors of society to participate in the "flood control and city protection" meeting from the thawing period to the flood season. Various factories, mines, enterprises and institutions actively repaired according to the shared tasks, and built a dam from Xinfa Brigade (Zuo Jia Street) to the outlet of Kuangling River before the flood season, effectively preventing the flood of Muling River on August 23rd of that year from harming Jiguan District.

1in the spring of 965, the Municipal People's Committee once again mobilized all the forces in the city to reinforce the existing dikes, increasing the original dike 1 m and the slope 1: 1.5 m, and continuing to build new dikes to the east for 2.5 km. In August, Jixi City suffered an unprecedented flood with a maximum flow of 4,250 cubic meters per second. The toe of the middle section of Jiguan District 180m levee (water source of Mining Bureau) was washed away by the slope, and the eastern section (about 400m behind Jixi Primary School) was flooded by 30cm. Thousands of people were organized for emergency repair for three consecutive days and nights, which saved the levee and reduced the losses caused by the flood.

In July, 1975, the construction of Xinfa Brigade in the west and 1 1.2km berm in Jixi Paper Mill in the east continued. 1978 ——1980 used 7.9 kilometers of stones or cement to protect the dangerous section of the city embankment (east of the city pickles factory) three times. And set up eight culverts. In the spring of 1983, the completed 1 1.2 km dikes were generally raised by 0.5 m again, and the average slope reached 1: 1.8, which basically met the requirements of national standards for dike protection. Cut-off 1985, total length of flood dike 14 km. Muling River originates from Muling forest area and runs through the whole Muling forest area. You can enjoy unlimited natural scenery by going upstream. Forestry Bureau has built four forest farms at the source of Muling River, which are famous for their beautiful natural scenery. There is Liu Feng Lake Hydropower Station in the upper reaches, which is comparable to Jingbo Lake. There are nearly a thousand kinds of wild plants in the natural Korean pine virgin forest on both sides of the river, inhabited by countless rare birds and animals. National Liufengshan Forest Park and Taxus cuspidata Nature Reserve are located in Shi Ye District. As one of the earliest developed state-owned forest areas in China, Muling Forestry Bureau not only has unique natural and human landscapes of primitive forests such as Liufeng Lake, but also has rich resources such as wild plants (flowers), wild animals, ever-changing geological landforms, mountains and rivers, forests, grasslands, ice and snow, customs and customs, which constitute a picturesque landscape.

Changbai Mountain is located between Taipingling and Laoyeling in Muling Valley and is characterized by numerous lava landforms. It was covered by basalt lava erupted in the middle of Tertiary and early Quaternary, and was cut by running water for a long time, forming a large area of lava platforms and isolated hills, many of which were flat-topped square hills, which were locally called Pinggang.

The upper reaches of Muling River are above Jiguan Mountain, with overlapping mountains in most areas, narrow valleys and steep slopes, and fast-flowing water. It is the rainstorm center and flood water source in Muling River Basin. Due to the concentration of heavy rain, the surface erosion is serious. The annual average erosion modulus of Muling Station is 35.8 tons/km2, which is nearly 1 times higher than that of the downstream. In recent years, due to deforestation and hillside deforestation, soil erosion and river sediment content have increased year by year. Since the founding of the People's Republic of China 35 years ago, Muling River bed has been raised by 80- 100 cm. Soil and water conservation in this area is imminent. Muling River is a mountainous river with a total drop of 699 meters and an average annual runoff of 2.35 billion cubic meters, which is equivalent to runoff 133.5 mm. It is rich in hydropower resources with theoretical reserves of 10.9 million kilowatts, which needs to be developed and utilized urgently.

The middle reaches of Muling River, Mishan City, Heilongjiang Province, is a city with rich cultural heritage, rich natural resources advantages and historical civilization. It is one of the four famous wetlands in the world, and the beautiful and rich Xingkai Lake is the second largest freshwater lake in the world. The birthplace of the Great Northern Wilderness, General Wang Zhen led the 359th Brigade to open up this place. The Great Northern Wilderness Memorial Hall is located in Mishan City. Mishan has a vast territory with an area of 7843 square kilometers. It belongs to the second area of Sanjiang Plain, with Wanda Mountain in the north, Changbai Mountain in the south and Muling River alluvial plain in the middle. Its landform features are "three mountains, two waters and five fields". Muling River, the first tributary of Wusuli River, passes through the city. There is the largest artificial reservoir in the province-Youth Reservoir and the largest border lake in China-Xingkai Lake. Xiushan Qingshui Youth Reservoir and the vast and magical Xingkai Lake, one south and the other north, set each other off in interest, each showing its charm, and are ideal tourist attractions. The white fish and shrimp in Xingkai Lake are even more famous.

The lower reaches of Muling River, in Hulin City, is located in the northeast border of China and at the southern foot of Wanda Mountain in the east of Heilongjiang Province, belonging to Muling River-Xingkai Lake Plain in Sanjiang Plain. Muling, the upstream source, has a continental climate in the middle temperate zone, with long cold winters and short dry summers. The average annual rainfall is 530mm, mainly in July, August and September. Floods mostly occur in late June, July and August.

The middle and upper reaches of Mishan belong to temperate semi-humid monsoon climate. The annual average temperature is 3. 1℃, the monthly average temperature is 18℃, the July average temperature is 2 1℃, the annual average precipitation is 522 mm, and the frost-free period is 149 days.

Hulin City in the lower reaches is located in Muling River-Xingkai Lake low plain area of Sanjiang Plain, which belongs to the continental monsoon climate in the middle temperate zone and is a mild and humid climate zone in Sanjiang Plain. Muling River is the fifth largest river in Heilongjiang Province and the main river that flows into Wusuli River. Muling River Basin is not only the pioneer of Chinese spiritual civilization and material civilization, but also a new culture formed by newly developed sites in its territory.

The source of Muling River. Around the source exploration activities of Muling River source, Jixi has launched many years of exploration and research on Muling River culture, which not only found the source and erected a monument, but also determined her geographical location in Wojiling, Laoyeling, the border between Jilin Province and Heilongjiang Province. This is the place where the novel "Linyuan" took place, and it was also the activity place of the anti-Union movement in that year.

Ancient castles and tombs in Muling Valley, represented by Liu Xinkai site. Muling River Basin is the symbol of the forbidden zone in Long Mai and Longxing after Manchu entered the Central Plains.

The second well of Muling Mine, designed and built by the first Party branch of Lishu Town Road Mining Institute in Muling River Basin, Chen, the former residence of Muling Mine, and Sun, a leading energy figure in China. The party branch established in Lishu Town was established in July 1927, which can be synchronized with the party's activities in the Central Plains. There is a museum in Lishu District of Jixi City.

Museum of Didao Mine History in Muling River Basin. It used to be a mass grave where Japanese laborers buried their bones in China, and it was also a physical display of Japanese aggression against China.

Chen Yun, the leader of Dongbeiju Bureau, inspected Hengshan Mine, founded a school for miners' cadres and an art troupe, Li expelled Belarus to receive Didao Mine, and Lin Biao and Chen Yun issued warrants to transport arms from Mashan Mine. , are the highlights of red cultural tourism. Jixi mining area, the second and third army factories and the former site of gunpowder launching factory. They are the highlights of red cultural tourism.

Hongxing Village, Xiangyang Town, Jidong County (Hejuren Village, Floor Street, where the land reform task is located). Wu Liangping, Chen Bocun, Li, and other leaders summed up the experience of guiding land reform in Dong 'an, the whole province and the whole Northeast, which was affirmed by the Northeast Bureau and published in Dong 'an Daily, Hejiang Daily and Northeast Daily. Chen Bocun, head of land reform, the old minister of hydropower and his daughter Chen Juan visited here.

The footprints of leaders and generals such as Mishan Old Aviation School, the Great Northern Wilderness Calligraphy Corridor, the international traffic line of Dangbi Town in Xingkai Lake, the Mishan 359 Brigade Monument (the inscription of Lin Biao in those days was "Immortality"), the Soviet Red Army Liberation Monument and the Great Northern Wilderness Development Monument.

On the banks of Xingkai Lake where Muling River passes, there are the Great Northern Wilderness Monument and Exhibition Hall developed by General Wang Zhen, as well as the prototype, creativity and original work of The Red Lantern. This is the position for General Wang Zhen and 100,000 officers and men to explore the Great Northern Wilderness, and it is also a milestone for them to create great achievements. This is the birthplace of the Great Northern Wilderness spirit.

There are Hutou Fortress and Treasure Island at the mouth of Muling River into Wusuli River. There are traces of the anti-United Movement and the end of World War II, underground fortresses built when Japan invaded China and occupied Northeast China, and 1945 Soviet Red Army Monument to the Liberation of Northeast China.

The hometown of Su Shen culture. After being named as "the hometown of Su Shen culture", Jixi also won the honorary title of "the best cultural corridor of the wave wall of Muling River Square in kiness". With the progress of the comprehensive improvement project of Muling River, the completion of Muling River Park and Muling River Square, the 2-kilometer-long cultural corridor of Muling River breakwater was evaluated by the World Expert Committee of kiness [China] Shanghai Headquarters and won the title of "the longest embossed breakwater-the best cultural corridor of Muling River in China". At this point, the theme sculpture of Muling River Square, the 100-meter bronze sculpture group and the 1000-meter cultural corridor of Muling River breakwater wall constitute a long scroll of Jixi's red cultural history.