Harvest Poem in Daoxiang —— Pastoral seclusion

Describing the life in seclusion in the countryside and expressing the thoughts of landscape fairies in seclusion in the countryside have a long history in ci. In the middle Tang Dynasty, Zhang wrote five songs, which directly described his seclusion. Later, Yan Zhenqing and others made peace and cooperation, expressing their desire to live in seclusion while in officialdom. This kind of works in Song Ci can be roughly divided into the above two types. Those who describe their seclusion, such as Huang Ying's Moon on the Yangtze River (a tour of Yulin River), have high standards of purity and have their own charm of being out of touch; Works expressing their attachment to the officialdom, such as Su Shi's Linjiang Fairy (waking up after drinking Dongpo at night) and Zhu Dunru's Niannujiao (see Mei), are all chic.

For the intellectuals in ancient China, being an official and retiring is an eternal contradiction. Strong social concern urges the literati to seek the opportunity to be an official, but the darkness and ugliness of the officialdom and intrigue make the literati miss the joy and freedom of the landscape nymphs far away from the world. Therefore, the theme of seclusion is also an eternal theme in China's classical literature. How pure and quiet the mountains and pastoral areas described by poets are, and how dirty the world of mortals in the opposite officialdom is. Knowing this, we will have a deeper understanding of the minds of China's ancient intellectuals and the works describing rural seclusion in China's classical literature.

I drank Dongpo in the evening and woke up drunk. It seemed like midnight when I came back.

Dongpo: When Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou, he personally cultivated in the east of Huangzhou, and named his land "Dongpo", calling himself Dongpo lay man.

The child is short of breath.

You shouldn't even knock on the door, but lean on your cane and listen to the sound of the river.

I have hated this body for a long time. When will I forget the camp?

Camp Camp: Chaos.

The night was calm and the lines were flat.

υ(hú) type: fine water wave. Crepes.

Since then, this ship has passed away, and Jiang Hai spent the rest of his life.

Drunk in Dongpo at night, drunk, drunk, and returned to Lingao around midnight. The children have been snoring like thunder, no one promised to knock at the door, so they had to lean on crutches and listen to Jiang Tao's voice. I often regret that I can't be independent in life. When can I forget those tangled ordinary things? The night is deep and calm. I really hope to float away in a boat and entrust the limited rest of my life to the boundless rivers and seas.

[Opinion] During the Yuanfeng period, Su Shi was demoted to Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei) for satirizing the new law. This word shows the author's attitude towards life in adversity. The first part of the poem describes the scene of his returning to Lingao after drinking Dongpo at night: the word "sober up" is not so much an expression of binge drinking, but rather an expression of pain that cannot be eliminated by one brick and one tile, that is, Li Bai called "raising a glass to eliminate sorrow"; "Listen to the sound of the river with a stick", then the waves of the next day and the surging emotions in the author's heart become an organic whole, which can never be separated. The author of the next word listened to the thoughts in the sound of the waves and lamented that he was bound by fame and fortune and could not control his own destiny. The last two sentences express his desire to retire from the Jianghu, trying to melt his limited life into infinite nature and seek spiritual freedom.

In order to send a message to Dongpo, people are deep in Yutang.

Dongpo: Su Shi personally cultivated in the east of the city when he relegated Huangzhou, and named the land "Dongpo", calling himself a Dongpo layman.

Yutang: It refers to the Hanlin Academy.

Who will come after you? There is no road under the snow.

Go home, go home, there is a spring rain on the river.

I am in imperial academy. Please take a message to Dongpo for me: Who has been here since I said goodbye? Snow must have covered the bridge deck and the path. It is better to go home than to go home. There is a light rain on the river suitable for spring ploughing.

[Comment] During the Yuanfeng period, the author demoted Huangzhou (now Huanggang, Hubei Province) to Dongpo for opposing the new law. Yuan? When the old party was in power, the author returned to the imperial court and served as a bachelor of Hanlin. However, the joy of reopening soon disappeared, and the partisan struggle within the old party also disappointed the lofty and upright Su Shi. This word is a work of Su Shi who missed Huangzhou Dongpo when he was a bachelor of Hanlin. Although I lived a relegated life in Huangzhou, the tranquility of "no snow on the small bridge" and the fresh freedom of "ploughing the river in the spring rain" made the author in the court yearn for "going home".

The rustling clothes and towels fall on jujube flowers, and the cars ring north and south of the village.

Rustle: Onomatopoeia, which describes the sound of falling flowers.

Sāo car: a tool for extracting silk. Pull, use "pull".

Cow clothes and ancient willows sell cucumbers.

Cow coat: Clothes made of coarse cloth or grass for cattle. This refers to hemp fiber.

The sun is shining, but he is too thirsty. He wants to find some water to drink.

M: Very, very much.

So he knocked on a villager's door and asked, can I have a bowl of tea?

Savage: refers to farmers.

Jujube flowers fell on clothes and headscarves, and the sound of cars echoed everywhere in the village. The old farmer with hemp fiber sells cucumbers under the ancient willow. Drunk, the road is long and people are sleepy; The sun is shining, and my mouth is thirsty. I knocked on the door and borrowed a cup of green tea from the farmer.

[Comment] This word was written by the author on the way to thank rain in Shitan, Xuzhou. It rained heavily and the drought eased. As a local official, the author was in a very happy and leisurely mood. This word fully shows the author's love for nature and beautiful rural life, and shows that the author's heart and feelings are connected with the people.

Jiangcheng has no house to buy, and the remnant monks and wild temples live together.

Jiangcheng refers to Xinzhou, which governs Shangrao, Jiangxi.

The sentence "residual monk" comes from Du Fu's Mountain Temple: "There are few residual monks in wild temples."

Powder medicine mortar bamboo clothes.

Water is scarce everywhere, while Yun Qi is sitting ducks.

Water poverty: Quote the poem in Wang Wei's My Seclusion in Zhongnanshan: "I will walk until the water stops me, and then sit and watch the rising clouds."

The fate of a lonely bird, bitter to drunk? The moon leans on the west courtyard, and the more worried it is.

Castle peak is infinitely good, and there is no return.

"Castle Peak" two sentences: copy the poem in Fan Zhongyan's "The more you smell the rules": "Castle Peak is infinitely good, it is better to return to the Tao." As the old saying goes, Zi Gui cried like a cloud, "It's better to go home".

When the demoted official came to this riverside town, there was no house to buy, so he had to come to the wild temple to live with the monks. Pine is used as mortar and bamboo leaves as hemp fiber. Go where there is no water and watch the clouds fly. A bird is always giving me a hard time, pestering my drunken ears and complaining. The moon shadow moves to the west, and the crying is more sad. Castle Peak is so beautiful that it says, "It's better to go home."

[Comment] This word was written during the author's relegation to Xinzhou (ruling Shangrao, Jiangxi), and the frustration of his official career was more likely to evoke the idea of seclusion. The first part of the word is about the desolation of exile, and the second part is about his desire to live in seclusion. Poems of predecessors are often used in ci, but their style is smooth and seamless, which reflects the author's superb writing skills.

Fog and rain power horizontal pool, light color.

Power: coverage.

Color: cyan.

Who took Bing's scissors and cut Wujiang in half?

Who will do it? Use the poem in Du Fu's Wang Zai's Painting Landscape Songs: "How can I cut Wusong River with Bing's fast scissors?"

Hidden in a few black towels, kudzu vine contains soft wind.

Several (jρ): Several situations.

Shore: Push the headscarf up to show your forehead.

Seeing that Chai Sang avoids vulgarity, his heart is far away.

Chai sang avoids customs: refers to Tao Yuanming in the Eastern Jin Dynasty.

Fog and rain covered the water, the sky was blue and the water was green. Who uses Bing's sharp knife to cut the spring water in Jiangnan? Leaning on several cases, he pushed open the headscarf to reveal his forehead, and Gebu's clothes floated in the wind. I can't see Tao Qian, which was isolated from the rest of the world. My heart drifted away with the lonely clouds.

[Opinion] This is a work about seclusion. The first article of the word describes the scenery, quiet; The next movie describes the image of a hermit in a positive way: black scarf, Ge clothes, and a group of virtuous women. At the end of the last sentence, my heart flew away and I thought too much. The evaluation of this word in Ci Tong is: "Peugeot is meaningful, and there is no fragrance to be called a tune."

Seeing Mei laughing, she asked where to collect incense and hide white after the New Year.

Year: Year after year.

Words are like sadness, but you ask me, why bother with the world of mortals for a long time?

G: guest room.

Peach is planted in Guan, apricot is planted in Xianjia and scattered everywhere.

Peach Planting in the Garden: In the phrase of Liu Yuxi's "Giving Gifts to the Flower-Watching Sir", "Du Xuan saw thousands of peaches in the garden, all of which were planted after Liu Lang went".

Immortals plant apricots: Ge Hong's Biography of Immortals records that Dong Feng cured diseases and saved people, and those who recovered planted five apricots, which later became a forest, reaching more than 100,000.

Thousands of forests have no companions, but they are proud of frost and snow.

And with the Spring Festival couplets, solitary bid is willing to take, drone female.

Controversy: how.

Is it heartless, self-aware, and how many bleak and romantic.

Send away the postman, keep the soup in your heart until the dust settles?

Send it to the postman: Lu Kai gave Ye Fan a poem: "Fold the plum and send it to the leader."

Hehetang: The ancients used salt and plums as condiments, which was a metaphor for the prime minister assisting the government.

Dongfeng is lonely, so pity who climbs.

Seeing plum blossoms, I was surprised and happy. Where have you been hiding for a year? Plum blossom asked me sadly: why stay in the world of mortals for a long time? Peach is planted in the view, apricot is planted in the fairy family, and people are separated everywhere. There is no one to accompany in the forest, only frost and snow. Just bring spring back here, aloof and high-standard, how willing to associate with bees and butterflies. It's not that I am heartless, but who knows how many bleak years I have endured. Fold the plum and give it to a friend, but unfortunately that person has already left; Salt and plums can be used as spoons, but there is a will. How can you bear to let the plum blossom wither? Alone in the east wind, no one climbed for me.

[Comment] This word expresses the author's love for Wei Que's rivers and lakes in the form of a question and answer. In the first part of Ci, Mei blames her as a "long-time guest in the world of mortals", which shows the author's inner contradictions. The next film is about Mei's lonely high standard, which shows the author's yearning for Jianghu life. Yongmei has a bright future, and they live in harmony. Meg is her personality.

The thatched roof of the hut is low and small, and the stream is covered with green grass.

Mao Yan: The eaves of a thatched cottage.

When you are drunk, your voice is charming and your hair is white.

Wu Yin: Southern Wu dialect.

Weng Wei (m: o): An old man and an old woman.

The eldest son is weeding in the bean field on the east side of the stream, and the second son is busy knitting chicken cages.

I like children and scoundrels best, lying on the head of the stream peeling lotus flowers.

Rogue: here refers to children being naughty.

The thatched cottage is low and small, and the stream is green and grassy. A pair of white-haired old men were drunk, and Wu Yin was soft and affectionate. The eldest son is hoeing bean fields in Dong Xi, and the second son is knitting chicken coops. The cutest thing is that the youngest son is naughty and lying on the stream peeling lotus flowers.

[Opinion] This word is about peaceful and quiet mountain life. Under the low hut, a pair of white-haired old people, Wu Yin, spoke softly. Their three sons hoed bean fields, woven chicken cages and peeled lotus leaves, vividly depicting a fresh, natural, warm and simple scene, full of life breath and joy.

The moon on the horizon rose to the top of the tree, scaring away the magpies perched on the branches.

Other branches: cross branches.

The cool evening breeze seems to have spread to cicadas in the distance.

Listen: Listen and listen.

In the fragrance of rice and flowers, people talk about the harvest of a year, and frogs croak in their ears, as if in a bumper harvest year.

In the old days, Maodian was near the forest, and the road turned to the stream bridge.

Country forest: the forest next to the land temple.

The bright moonlight woke up the magpies perched on the branches, and the breeze brought cicadas chirping in the middle of the night. The rice smells fragrant, and the frogs in the rice fields seem to be singing a bumper harvest year. Seven or eight stars twinkled in the distant horizon, and two or three raindrops fell in front of the nearby mountain. Walking across the bridge and turning the winding path, I saw the familiar hut next to the Woods of the Earth Temple.

[Comment] This word was written by the author when he lived in Shangrao, Jiangxi. The beautiful scenery of the summer night in the countryside is written in the words, which shows the vitality of the wild field at night. The style of the whole word is light and smart, full of strong local flavor, and the use of numbers is also very clever.

Strangely, Rousang is tender? Silkworm eggs have been born in the East.

Mo: The path in the field.

Some: some, a little.

The fine grass in Pinggang sings yellow calves, and the cold forest sings at dusk.

Yellow calf: Little yellow cow.

The mountains are far and near, the roads are inclined, and the green slate sells wine with people.

Crossroads: The roads are winding and criss-crossing.

Green flag: the wine label, also known as the green curtain, is a wine label made of green cloth in ancient hotels.

Peaches and plums in the city are worried about the wind and rain, and shepherd's purse is spent in the stream in spring.

Shepherd's purse: a kind of wild vegetable.

Are the mulberry branches tender in the field? Some young silkworms hatched from the eggs of neighbors in the east. On the flat hillside, the calf eats fresh grass and looks up and sings from time to time; The setting sun shines on the slightly chilly forest, and crows are busy throwing themselves into the forest and returning to their nests. Far and near, on the opposite side of the hillside, the winding path is full of people selling wine with green curtains. Just like the peaches and plums in the city wither in the cold wind and rain, the shepherd's purse by the stream in the field is full of white flowers, which makes people feel full of spring.

[Comment] This word is written about the rural scenery in early spring, praising the beautiful spring scenery in rural areas in the south of the Yangtze River. The first part of the word, the countryside in early spring is full of vitality and prosperity: Is the mulberry tree tender? Next door, silkworm eggs hatch, yellow calves eat grass and sing, and crows return to their nests in the sunset; In the next film, it is written that there are distant peaks and clear streams in the mountain countryside, and restaurants with bluestone slabs can buy wine to drink, which can be described as beautiful scenery and human feelings. The last two sentences compare the wild shepherd's purse flowers by the stream with the peach and plum flowers in the city, which shows the author's love for rural life and his refined aesthetic taste. This is a famous sentence that is widely circulated.

What is Yulin? There is a lotus pond and several thatched houses.

Yulin: the place name where the author lives.

If a gully is broken and a willow is drained, it must be repaired.

Repair (q √): refers to repair.

The autumn wind of corn, the dawn of chickens and dolphins, the fun of family life.

Come and have tea, and choose your own wild vegetables to cook together.

How many clouds, ten eyebrows sitting around, people are drunk.

First: the luxury houses of the rich and nobles.

Ten eyebrows: This refers to many beautiful women. Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty once ordered the painting of ten eyebrows.

Looking back at Handan, the dream of spring is broken, and the pearl dances.

Dream of Spring in Handan: According to Tang's Sleeping Story, Lu Sheng has been dreaming of the wealth and splendor on the road in Handan for decades.

Like a declining, bleak alley, a long-term mountain leader? Ganoderma lucidum can be mined, and it is deeper in the rock valley.

Confucius said, "Yuefu Poetry Collection" contains the four great merchants of Shang Mountain in Han Dynasty, "Cai", saying, "Yeye Zi said, yes.

Treat hunger. "

What's in Yulin? There is a pond full of lotus flowers, several huts, intermittent gullies and scattered weeping willows, but there are no newly painted bamboo households. Harvesting crops in the autumn wind and releasing chickens and pigs in the morning are full of fun for the family. When guests arrive home, they will hand over a cup of green tea and cook some wild vegetables together. How many giants are the first, and beautiful people sit around the golden pier and indulge themselves. Looking back suddenly, Handan's dreams are shattered and the songs and dances are scattered. How can I compare with that old man? I am in this humble alley, and I will always be the owner of this mountain. Go to the depths of the rock valley, where there are ganoderma lucidum to pick.

[Comment] This word is about the pleasure of seclusion. The first part of the word describes the poverty of Pengmen Gate in Yulin and the joy of family life. In the next film, we can see the value of "being a mountain owner" through the contrast between wealth and prosperity. Yang Shen's Ci Pin praised the first poem as "a hermit's dream of coming out of the dust, and also a journey against the wind for the immortals". Among the recluse words of past dynasties, this word is unique because of its freshness and simplicity.