What is the definition of multi-layer and high-rise?

How are multi-story, small high-rise and high-rise defined?

The biggest classification criterion is based on floor height. Multi-storey residential buildings: Multi-storey residential buildings refer to buildings that are higher than 10 meters and less than or equal to 24 meters, generally 4 to 8 floors. Small high-rise residential buildings: We can often hear salespeople introducing small high-rise residential products. There is no professional academic regulation for this product type. It arises mainly due to the requirements of building design fire protection regulations. Residential buildings with more than 11 floors are required to have two floors. Therefore, due to cost considerations in community planning, residential buildings with a high floor area ratio that only use one elevator are often designed. This is the birth of small high-rise buildings. Of course, as people's requirements for quality of life are gradually increasing, even small high-rise residences will be equipped with two elevators. However, the original name is still used, which represents a higher quality of living and more efficient use of land. type of building. The detailed definition of a small high-rise is: Generally speaking, a residential building with a height of 9 to 11 floors is called a "small high-rise", with an elevator, and has the characteristics of both multi-story and high-rise buildings. Houses with lofts on the top floors that actually have 12 floors are usually regarded as small high-rises, and are equivalent to ordinary small high-rises in terms of fire protection regulations and other aspects of design. High-rise residential buildings: High-rise residential buildings generally refer to residential buildings with a total height of more than 12 floors. There are three main types: slab buildings, towers and towers with slabs. Super high-rise residential buildings: Buildings with more than 30 floors and a height of more than 100m2 are called super high-rise buildings. Generally, there are not many super high-rise buildings that are purely residential. It may assume some commercial or hotel functions and become a complex of general significance to meet the high-end needs of residents.

What are the definitions and differences between multi-story buildings and high-rise buildings?

China's "General Principles for Civil Building Design" (GB 50352-2005) divides residential buildings according to the number of floors: low-rise residences from the first to third floors, multi-storey residences from the fourth to sixth floors, and multi-storey residences from the fourth to sixth floors. The buildings up to the ninth floor are mid- to high-rise residential buildings, and the tenth floor and above are high-rise residential buildings. Except for residential buildings, civil buildings with a height of not more than 24m are single-story and multi-story buildings, and those with a height greater than 24m are high-rise buildings (excluding single-story public buildings with a building height greater than 24m); civil buildings with a building height greater than 100m. The enamel building is a super high-rise building

How to define high-rise residential and multi-storey residential buildings

Multi-storey generally refers to residential buildings with 2-9 floors and other civil buildings with a height not exceeding 24m. . The "Residential Design Code" refers to 4-6 storey residences. China's "General Design Principles for Civil Buildings" (JG37-87) for high-rise buildings divides residential buildings according to the number of floors: 1 to 3 floors are low-rise; 4 to 6 floors are multi-storey; 7 to 9 floors are mid-rise buildings; 10 floors and above are mid-rise buildings. high-rise buildings. Public buildings and comprehensive buildings with a total height of more than 24 meters are considered high-rise buildings, but single-story buildings with a height of more than 24 meters are not considered high-rise buildings. Civil buildings exceeding 100 meters are considered super high-rise.

What do multi-storey and high-rise buildings mean?

According to the National Standard "Residential Design Code" of the People's Republic of China

GB 50096-1999( 2003 edition)

Article 1.0.3 Residential buildings are divided according to the number of floors as follows:

1. Low-rise residential buildings are from one to three floors;

2. Multiple buildings High-rise residential buildings range from four to six floors;

Third, mid- and high-rise residential buildings range from seven to nine floors;

Fourth, high-rise residential buildings range from ten floors to above.

According to the standards of the Ministry of Urban and Rural Development and Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, "General Principles of Civil Building Design"

JGJ 37-87 (Trial)

No. Article 1.0.5 Classification of height and number of floors of civil buildings

1. Residential buildings are divided according to the number of floors: 1 to 3 floors are low-rise; 4 to 6 floors are multi-story; 7 to 9 floors are mid-rise. High-rise; above 10 floors are high-rise.

2. Public buildings and comprehensive buildings with a total height exceeding 24m are considered high-rise (excluding single-story main buildings with a height exceeding 24m).

3. When the building height exceeds 100m, both residential and public buildings are super high-rise.

Also: Small high-rise is a concept proposed by developers, but the actual specification does not define small high-rise. Floors 8-11 are positioned as small high-rises mainly because of the stairs and elevators. Because residential buildings on the 8th to 11th floors do not need to have enclosed stairwells, and they do not need to have fire elevators. At the same time, ordinary passenger elevators must be installed. This distinguishes it from the requirements for residential buildings below 8 floors without elevators, and from the requirements for residential buildings 12 floors and above that require enclosed stairwells and fire elevators.

According to the fire protection design code for buildings and the fire protection code for high-rise civil building design, residential buildings with 10 floors or more are considered high-rise buildings.

Therefore, small high-rise buildings are not high-rise buildings in the true sense. They include both multi-story buildings with 8-9 floors and high-rise buildings with 10-11 floors.

What are the concepts of high-rise, small high-rise, and multi-tier?

In the "General Principles for Civil Building Design" (Trial) formulated by the state in 1987, the design of the height and number of floors of civil buildings was clearly stipulated: 1-3 floors are low-rise residences; 4- The 6th floor is multi-storey residential; the 7th to 9th floors are mid- and high-rise residential buildings; and the 10th and above floors are high-rise residential buildings.

1. The characteristics of low-rise residences are: few floors, easy communication from top to bottom, compact layout, single structure, and flexible plan combination. They can adapt to larger and higher standard requirements as well as standard Lower housing situation.

2. Multi-story residences account for more than 90% of the urban residences newly built or under construction in my country. Its advantages are: (1) It requires less land than low-rise residences, and at the same time, the construction period is shorter than that of high-rise residences. It can generally be completed within one year after starting construction; (2) There is no need to add elevators, high-pressure water pumps, and public buildings like high-rise residences. ***Investment in walkways and other aspects; (3) The structural design is mature and brick-concrete structures are usually used. Building materials can be produced on-site and can be industrialized and standardized in large quantities. Therefore, the cost of multi-story residential buildings is low, the price is moderate, and they are easily accepted by ordinary consumers.

3. High-rise residential buildings are the product of urbanization and industrial modernization. According to their external shape, they can be divided into tower, panel and wall types; according to their internal space combination, they can be divided into unit type and corridor type. . High-rise residences generally have elevators as vertical means of transportation. For this reason, the country has also clearly stipulated that for high-rise residences with 12 floors or above, there should be no less than two elevators in each building. The advantage of high-rise residential buildings is that they can save land and increase housing and residential population. There are also shortcomings in building and using high-rise residences, such as: large investment, high-rise buildings consume more steel and concrete than multi-story buildings, plus they need to be equipped with elevators, high-pressure water pumps, additional walkways, doors and windows, and one-time The investment is huge, and after use, you have to pay a recurring fee for repairs and maintenance of elevators and pump stations, etc.

What we often call "slab-type small high-rise" refers to a small high-rise residential building that is composed of multiple residential units. Each unit is equipped with stairs and elevators. Currently, most of them are around 9 to 12 floors.

"Tower" mainly refers to a high-rise residential building with multiple housing units with public stairs and elevators as the core. In layman's terms, a tower building uses elevators and stairs as the core of its layout. After reaching the floor, you can directly enter the room by walking in all directions; while a slab building is composed of many units, each unit using its own separate stairs and elevators. But judging from its appearance, it does not necessarily have to be in the shape of "one", it can also be in the shape of corners, enclosures, etc.

Split-level housing is a novel residential building form that has been popularized in recent years. The characteristic of this type of house is that the internal space draws on the design techniques of European and American small two-story detached houses. The house occupies two floors, and the bedroom, living room, living room, bathroom, kitchen and other auxiliary rooms can be arranged in layers. The traffic between floors does not pass through public stairs but is connected by small indoor stairs.

The advantage of a split-level house is that each household has two floors or two floors combined into one lighting surface. Even if the orientation is not good, it can be compensated by increasing the lighting area, which provides better ventilation and allows indoor living. The area and auxiliary area are large, the layout is compact, the functions are clear, and there is less interference with each other.

What is the difference between multi-storey residences and high-rise residences?

The difference between multi-storey residences and high-rise residences Multi-storey residences generally refer to buildings with a height of six or seven storeys, and high-rise residences refer to Housing above the ground floor. Multi-storey residences and high-rise residences have their own characteristics. We cannot simply say which one is better. We should consider many aspects such as structure, cost, area, quality, room type, property management charges, etc. In terms of construction quality, generally speaking, the construction standards and construction quality of high-rise residential buildings are higher than those of multi-storey residential buildings. Ordinary multi-storey residences are generally brick-concrete structures, while high-rise residences are cast-in-situ reinforced concrete with deep and strong foundations, thick walls and no water seepage. Their seismic performance is better than that of multi-storey residences, and the entire building will not sink or deform. High-rise residences have wider views, better air quality, and less noise. Due to the height of the building, the natural wind is stronger, so some rooms do not need air conditioning and can save electricity bills. However, judging from the actual use area of ??the house, the housing acquisition rate of high-rise residences is lower than that of multi-storey residences. That is, if you buy a house with the same building area, the building area of ??a high-rise apartment is lower than that of a multi-storey apartment. The area of ??a residence includes both the usable area and the public areas of the residence, such as stairwells and other public areas. Since high-rise residences have elevators, elevator waiting rooms, basements, etc., they need to allocate more common area than multi-storey residences, so the actual room acquisition rate is lower. The property management of most high-rise residential buildings is relatively complete. The environment of the community is generally beautiful and comfortable. Parking of bicycles and cars is well managed. There are dedicated personnel on duty at elevators and entrances. The community is relatively safe. However, the property management fee of high-rise residential buildings is higher than that of multi-storey residential buildings. Residential property management fees are higher. There are elevators in high-rise residences that can be used to go up and down the stairs, making it easy to get in and out. The elderly, disabled and patients can avoid the pain of climbing up the stairs. However, if the maintenance of the elevator is not in place, once the elevator breaks down, it will be more difficult for residents to go up and down the stairs. However, from the perspective of house structure pattern, multi-storey residences are better than high-rise residences. Due to structural reasons, multi-storey houses generally face north and south, are ventilated from the north and south, have a large indoor usable area, reasonable room types, and large bays that are easy to separate and decorate. High-rise residences generally use frame structures, and the locations of several elevators have to be considered, so the layout design is a little more difficult.

What are high-rise and multi-story?

1. The so-called high-rise refers to those with more than 16 floors and up to 24 floors; 2. Those with more than 24 floors are super high-rises; those with 16 floors or less are small high-rises; 4. The 1st to 7th floors are multi-storey

The difference between high-rise and multi-storey

According to the national standard "Residential Design Code" of the People's Republic of China

GB 50096—1999 (2003 edition)

Article 1.0.3 Residential buildings are divided by number of floors as follows:

1. Low-rise residential buildings are from one to three floors;

2. Multi-storey residential buildings have four to six floors;

3. Mid- and high-rise residential buildings have seven to nine floors;

4. High-rise residential buildings have 10 floors and above.

According to the standards of the Ministry of Urban and Rural Development and Environmental Protection of the People's Republic of China, "General Principles of Civil Building Design"

JGJ 37-87 (Trial)

No. Article 1.0.5 Classification of height and number of floors of civil buildings

1. Residential buildings are divided according to the number of floors: 1 to 3 floors are low-rise; 4 to 6 floors are multi-story; 7 to 9 floors are mid-rise. High-rise; above 10 floors are high-rise.

2. Public buildings and comprehensive buildings with a total height exceeding 24m are considered high-rise (excluding single-story main buildings with a height exceeding 24m).

3. When the building height exceeds 100m, both residential and public buildings are super high-rise.

Also: Small high-rise is a concept proposed by developers, but the actual specification does not define small high-rise. Floors 8-11 are positioned as small high-rises mainly because of the stairs and elevators. Because residential buildings on the 8th to 11th floors do not need to have enclosed stairwells, and they do not need to have fire elevators. At the same time, ordinary passenger elevators must be installed. This distinguishes it from the requirements for residential buildings below 8 floors without elevators, and from the requirements for residential buildings 12 floors and above that require enclosed stairwells and fire elevators.

According to the fire protection design code for buildings and the fire protection code for high-rise civil building design, residential buildings with 10 floors or more are considered high-rise buildings.

So small high-rise buildings are not really high-rise buildings. They include both multi-story buildings with 8-9 floors and high-rise buildings with 10-11 floors.

Multi-story buildings Differences from high-rise buildings

According to current regulations, buildings with more than ten floors are considered high-rise buildings.

The important difference between high-rise and multi-story buildings is that high-rise structures not only have to bear vertical loads, but also horizontal loads (such as wind and earthquake effects). For multi-story buildings, the problem of horizontal load is not so prominent, but for high-rise buildings, the problem of horizontal load is more prominent. .

If the brick-concrete structure is too high, it will be difficult to withstand horizontal loads. In this case, a reinforced concrete frame structure is used, and its ability to withstand horizontal loads is much higher than that of brick-concrete structures. However, no matter how tall the building is, the reinforced concrete frame structure cannot meet the requirements for bearing horizontal loads. At this time, reinforced concrete walls (called shear walls, which have a strong ability to bear horizontal loads) are added to the frame structure, or all Reinforced concrete walls are used to withstand greater horizontal loads.

When designing high-rise building structures, not only vertical loads but also horizontal loads must be considered.

How to distinguish between multi-story, small high-rise and high-rise buildings?

Not necessarily correct. Generally speaking, floors 1-3 are low-rise, floors 4-9 are multi-story, and floors above 10 are high-rise. High-rise buildings with a relatively small area are called small high-rises.

Polygonal buildings exceeding a certain height and number of floors. Since 2005, China has stipulated that residential buildings with more than 10 floors and other civil buildings with a height of more than 24 meters are high-rise buildings. The International Conference on Tall Buildings in 1972 divided high-rise buildings into four categories: the first category has 9 to 16 floors (maximum 50 meters), the second category has 17 to 25 floors (maximum 75 meters), and the third category has 26 to 40 floors. (up to 100 meters), and the fourth category is above 40 floors (higher than 100 meters). In 280 BC, the ancient Egyptians built the Alexandria Lighthouse, which was more than 100 meters high. In 523, the 40-meter-high Songyue Temple Pagoda was built in Dengfeng County, Henan, China. Modern high-rise buildings emerged in the United States. The first 11-story insurance company building was built in Chicago in 1883, and the 102-story Empire State Building was built in New York in 1931. After World War II, there was a worldwide boom in high-rise buildings. The Sears Tower in Chicago, USA, built from 1970 to 1974, is approximately 443 meters high. High-rise buildings can save urban land and shorten the development cycle of public facilities and municipal pipe networks, thereby reducing municipal investment and accelerating urban construction. (Attached picture: Sears Tower in Chicago) Residential buildings with 10 floors or above (including residential buildings with commercial service outlets on the first floor) or building heights exceeding 24m (excluding gymnasiums, auditoriums, and auditoriums with single-story main buildings exceeding 24m) Theaters, etc.) public buildings.