The problem of architectural terminology

The building area of a house refers to the horizontal area of the space surrounded by the external wall of the building. If the construction area of multi-storey and high-rise residential buildings is calculated, it is the sum of the construction areas of each floor. The construction area includes the usable area of the house, the area of wall columns, the area of stairs and walkways, and other common areas.

2. Available area

The usable floor area of a house refers to the sum of the net construction area directly used by residents in each floor plan of the house. Calculating the usable floor area of a house can directly reflect the usage of the house, but it is generally not necessary to use the usable floor area to calculate the price in the sale of the house.

There are some special regulations when calculating the usable area: the indoor stairs of duplex houses are included in the usable area according to the total area of natural floors; Chimneys, ventilation pipes and pipe wells that are not included in the structural area are included in the use area; Interior wall decoration thickness is included in the usable area. Residential rent is calculated on the basis of usable area.

3. Public area

The public area of residential buildings refers to the sum of the areas occupied by public corridors, stairs, elevators and water tanks in residential buildings in order to facilitate residents' access, normal communication and guarantee their lives. The construction area calculated by developers when selling commercial housing has the problem of sharing public area.

4. Available area

It is the balance of "building area" after deducting the apportioned area.

5. Living area

Residential living area refers to the sum of the net living area of rooms directly used by residents in each floor plane of residential buildings. The so-called net area is the horizontal area (that is, the structural area) occupied by building components such as walls and columns. Area index generally used to measure living standards.

6. Leased area

As the area for calculating rent. In the reform of housing system, it is uniformly stipulated that houses are calculated according to the use area, including living room, living room, bathroom, kitchen, aisle, stairs, balcony (half closed) and closet. Non-residential buildings are calculated according to the construction area.

7. Floor area ratio

The floor area ratio is the ratio of the total construction area to the construction land area. For example, on the land of 654.38 million square meters, the total construction area is 4,000 square meters, and its plot ratio is 0.4.

8. House price

Housing acquisition rate refers to the ratio of interior construction area to construction team area.

9. Interior construction area = interior usable area+interior wall area+balcony construction area.

10. Building area of the suite (unit) = area of the construction team inside the suite+shared area of the public construction team.

1 1. studio

In residential design, the width of a house refers to the actual distance from one wall to the other. Because it is based on the width of a natural room, it is also called a studio. The residential bay is generally not more than 3.0 -3.9 meters, and the brick-concrete residential bay is generally not more than 3.3 meters. Setting a smaller bay size can shorten the space span of the floor and enhance the integrity, stability and seismic capacity of the residential structure.

A large studio with a width of more than 5 meters and a depth of more than 7 meters can provide residents with 40-50 square meters or even more living space. Compared with a small studio with the same building area, the load-bearing wall is reduced by half and the usable area is increased by 2%, which is convenient for flexible partition and transformation.

1 1. Depth

In architecture, it refers to the actual length between the front wall skin and the back wall of an independent house or residential building. A house with large depth can effectively save land, but in order to ensure that the completed house can have good natural lighting and ventilation conditions, there are certain requirements on the depth of the house in design, which should not be too large. At present, the depth of a large number of urban residential rooms in China is generally limited to about 5 meters and cannot be expanded at will.

12. Internal area

Commonly known as "floor tile area". It is a concept of content space on the basis of practical area, after deducting the buildings that occupy space such as columns and walls. There are rules to follow, but also profitable, attracting residents and institutions to invest in the housing rental market.

Swimming pool area

The shared public building area of commercial housing is mainly composed of two parts:

1. Construction area of elevator shaft, stairwell, garbage chute, power distribution room, equipment room, public hall, corridor, etc. , serving the whole building;

2. The distance between each unit and the horizontal projection area of public building space and external walls (including gables) is 50%.

3. Completed area

Completed area refers to the sum of the construction area of completed houses. Housing construction should be completed according to the design requirements and accepted.

4. Auxiliary area

Auxiliary area refers to the indoor net area in each floor of residential building that is not directly used for residents' life. Including aisles, kitchens, bathrooms, bathrooms, living rooms, storage rooms, etc.

5.*** has a building area

Housing refers to the construction area shared by all property owners or used by all property owners.

6.*** Allocation coefficient of construction area

The ratio of the * * * own building area of the whole building to the sum of the building area of each suite of the whole building is the sharing coefficient of * * * own building area.

7. Sales area

The sales area refers to the sale of commercial housing in units or units, and its sales area is the sum of the interior or interior area purchased by property buyers (hereinafter referred to as interior area) and the interior area to be shared.

8. Density of construction land

Building density refers to the ratio (%) of the total basement area of various buildings in residential land to residential land, which can reflect the open space rate and building density within a certain land use range.

9. Greening rate

The greening rate refers to the ratio of the greening area within the planned construction land of the project to the planned construction land area. For property buyers, high greening rate is better.

10. Green rate

Green space rate describes the ratio of the sum of all kinds of green space to residential land (%). The green rate refers to "all kinds of green spaces within the residential land", mainly including public green spaces and green spaces beside houses. Among them, public green space includes block and strip public green space such as residential park, small garden and group green space.

1 1. Floor height

The story height refers to the residential height measured by the "floor", and the height of each floor is required by the state in the design, which is called the story height. It usually includes the distance from the lower floor or floor to the upper floor.

12. Clear height

Clear height refers to the net residual value after height minus floor thickness.

13. Allocation coefficient of public building area

Divide the public building area of the whole building by the sum of the building areas of the suites of the whole building, and get the sharing coefficient of the public building area of the whole building. That is, the allocation coefficient of public building area = sum of public building area/interior building area.

14. Utility rate

The utility rate is the ratio of indoor building area to residential area, which is greater than the utilization rate. That is, utility rate = interior construction area/interior construction area+shared interior construction area.

15. Standard layer

Standard floors refer to residential floors with the same layout.

16. Balcony

Balcony refers to the space for residents to do outdoor activities and dry clothes.

17. Platform

Platform refers to the owner's roof, which is used by residents for outdoor activities or extends from the ground floor to the outside of the house.

18. Corridor

Corridor refers to the lateral traffic space used outside the residential suite.

19. Basement

Basement refers to the room whose height is lower than the outdoor ground and exceeds the clear height 1/2.

20. Semi-basement

Semi-basement means that the floor height of the room below the outdoor floor exceeds 1/3 and does not exceed 1/2.

2 1. Residential land

Residential land refers to residential land, public construction land, road land and public green space.

22. Residential land

Residential land refers to the land occupied by the basement of residential buildings and the land within a reasonable distance around it? Including the green space between houses and the path between houses.

Other land uses

Other land refers to all kinds of land except residential land within the planning scope, including land for roads, land for other units, reserved natural villages or land that cannot be directly built for residents in this area.

24. Land for public service facilities

The land for public service facilities is generally referred to as public construction land, which refers to all kinds of facilities for serving and using residents corresponding to the size of the permanent population, including buildings and their affiliated courtyards, green spaces, parking lots and other construction areas.

25. Road land

Road land refers to residential roads, residential roads, group roads, residential cars and commuter cars built in non-public buildings.

26. Public green space

Public * * * green space refers to the recreational green space that meets the sunshine requirements and is suitable for arranging recreational facilities for residents to enjoy. It should include residential parks, small parks, group green spaces and other massive green spaces.

27. Road red line

Road red line refers to urban roads? Including the planning control line of residential road land.

28. Drawing lines

Building line is generally called building control line, which is the control line of building basement position.

29. Public building area

The public building area does not include any area such as basements and carports rented and sold as independent use space, and basements used for civil air defense projects are not included in the public building area. The general public building area is calculated according to the following method: the total building area of each set (unit) of the whole building is deducted from the whole building area, and the basement, carport, civil air defense works and other building areas that have been sold or rented as independent use space are deducted, which is the public building area of the whole building.

30. the porch

The entrance is the first step to enter the room, and it is a buffer transition area. The bedroom is the "territory" of the family, and it pays attention to certain privacy. As soon as the door opened, there was a porch, and outsiders could not see the room at all. The entrance is usually connected with the hall. Because of the different functions, it needs to be divided by decorative means, that is, when our own people go home, we should also have a place to put umbrellas, hang raincoats, change shoes and put bags. At ordinary times, the porch is also a place to receive emails and simply meet people.

3 1. partition

Partition refers to the semi-suspended ceiling facade specially used to separate indoor space.

32. Sidewalk

Aisle refers to the horizontal traffic space used by residential suites.

residential land

Residential land, public construction land, road land and public green space.

residential land

The basement of a residential building and the land within a reasonable distance around it (including green space between houses, paths between houses, etc.). ).

Road land

Residential roads, residential roads, group roads, non-public buildings and other places for residential cars and unit commuter cars to park.

Residential area (grade) road

Roads usually used to divide communities. In a big city, it is usually on the same level as the urban branch road.

Xiaoqu (Ji) road

A road generally used to divide groups.

Tuantuan road

A road connecting residential roads and roads between houses.

Zhaijian Hu tong

A road connecting residential entrances between residential buildings.

public green area

Meet the sunshine requirements, suitable for the layout of recreational facilities, recreational green space for residents to enjoy, should include residential parks, small parks and group green spaces and other block green spaces.

Matching structure

The general name of public service facilities, roads and public green spaces that are built to meet the living scale or population scale.

Other land uses

All kinds of land except residential land within the planning scope should include land for roads, land for other units, reserved natural villages or non-construction land that is not directly allocated to local residents.

Road boundary line

Planning control line of urban roads (including residential roads).

Land for public service facilities

Generally speaking, public construction land refers to all kinds of facilities land corresponding to the size of permanent residents, serving and using residents, and should include the construction area of buildings and their affiliated courtyards, green spaces and parking lots. Such as nurseries, kindergartens, primary schools, middle schools, grain shops, vegetable shops, grocery stores, service stations, savings offices, post offices, neighborhood committees, police stations and other land.

Land for municipal public facilities

Land for municipal public facilities in cities, districts and residential areas, including buildings, structures and management and maintenance facilities.

Long-term delivery apartment

The word originated in Hong Kong and refers to the uncompleted residential flats under construction. Generally speaking, selling "uncompleted residential flats" is a pre-sale house, and buying "uncompleted residential flats" is a pre-purchase house.

actual sales area

Refers to the area of commercial housing that has been officially delivered to buyers or signed (formal) sales contracts in the completed housing area during the reporting period. It does not include the area of commercial housing under construction with pre-sale contracts, but includes the area of commercial housing with pre-sale contracts signed before or during the reporting period and completed during the reporting period.

Export (rent)

The area of commercial housing sold (or leased) to overseas enterprises and individuals with the approval of relevant departments, including foreigners, overseas Chinese, overseas Chinese and compatriots from Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan.

Sell to individuals

Refers to the area of commercial housing actually sold to domestic private individuals. Excluding the part of the export that is sold to individuals.

book

Refers to the area of commercial housing under construction that has not been completed and delivered at the end of the reporting period, but has signed a pre-sale contract. The area of commercial housing pre-sold during the reporting period and officially sold or agreed to be sold during the reporting period shall be included in the actual sales area and included in the sales income.

book

Refers to the construction area of commercial housing that has been completed for sale or lease at the end of the reporting period, but has not been sold or leased, including the housing area completed in the previous year and the housing area completed in this period, but excluding the housing area that cannot be sold or leased, such as demolition and reconstruction, unified construction and agent construction, public supporting buildings, real estate enterprises' own use and revolving houses. Completed during the reporting period.

residential unit

Refers to a residential building form in multi-storey and high-rise buildings. Usually there is only one staircase on each floor, and residents enter the sub-door directly from the landing. Generally, 24 to 28 households can be arranged on each staircase of multi-storey houses. So the control area of each staircase is also called a residential unit.

Qianwu

Refers to the real estate developer from the beginning of obtaining the pre-sale permit of commercial housing to the end of obtaining the real estate property certificate, and the commercial housing sold is called auction. Consumers should sign a pre-sale contract for commercial housing when purchasing faster houses.

A ready-made house/apartment

Refers to the commercial housing owned by consumers at the time of purchase, that is, the commercial housing that the developer has completed the large-scale production certificate of the commercial housing sold, and can move in and obtain the property certificate after signing the commercial housing sales contract with consumers.

Starting price of commercial housing

Refers to the lowest price of commercial housing in the sales price of each floor.

Average price of commercial housing

Refers to the sum of commercial housing sales price divided by the sum of unit construction area, that is, the price per square meter is obtained.

Duplex commercial housing

This is an economical house. A mezzanine is added to the high-rise building to form a two-story building.

Duplex commercial housing

It consists of upper and lower floors, bedroom, living room, living room, bathroom, kitchen and other auxiliary rooms, which are connected by small stairs dedicated to users.

Waterview commercial housing

A house built on water.

Townhouse

Also known as townhouses, the correct translation should be urban housing, which was introduced from Europe. Its original meaning refers to the urban houses built along the street in the urban area.

Grey space

It was first put forward by Japanese architect Zhang Ji Kurokawa. Its original intention refers to the transitional space between the building and its external environment, in order to achieve the purpose of indoor and outdoor integration, such as the colonnade at the entrance of the building, under the eaves and so on. It can also be understood as the square and green space around the building.

Commercial and residential

It is an extension of the concept of soho (home office) residence. It belongs to the residence, but at the same time, it integrates many hardware facilities of the office building, especially the developed network function, so that residents can engage in commercial activities while living.

club

It is a comprehensive advanced leisure and entertainment service facility with the owner as the main service object. Software and hardware conditions of the club: entertainment facilities should include swimming pools, tennis or badminton courts, golf driving ranges, bowling alleys, gyms and other entertainment and fitness places; Chinese and western restaurants, bars, cafes and other social catering and reception places; Internet cafes, reading rooms and other service facilities should also be provided. The above are generally open to the owners free of charge or at a small fee.

floating windows

The windows of the house are rectangular or trapezoidal and protrude outward. The glass on three sides of the window makes people broaden their horizons, feel nature and get closer to nature to a greater extent. Usually its windowsill is relatively low, even floor-to-ceiling windows.

hollow glass

Insulating glass is an innovation of traditional single-layer glass doors and windows and a new glass processing technology in modern door and window production. It is made by sealing two or more layers of glass, but the most important thing is that a vacuum or gas (such as inert gas) must be formed between the two layers of glass, so it is called "insulating glass". The application of this technology greatly improves the sound insulation, heat resistance, sealing and safety performance of doors and windows.

base price

Determine the basic price of commercial housing per square meter through accounting. The sales price of commercial housing is generally increased or decreased on the basis of the base price, and the price difference is obtained.

average price

Divide the sum of the sales price of each unit by the sum of the construction area of each unit to get the average price per square meter. The average price is generally not the sales price, but there are exceptions. The "unified price of 2800 yuan/square meter regardless of floor and orientation" introduced by a high-rise building some time ago, that is, taking the average price as the sales price, is also an eye-catching marketing strategy.

Seven connections and one leveling.

(Rehmannia glutinosa)

Refers to the land (original land) after the first-level development, so that it can meet the conditions of water supply, rain and sewage, power supply, heating, telecommunications and road access, site leveling, etc., so as to facilitate the rapid development and construction of the second-level developers after entering the site.

Preparatory work for the building

(Pure Land)

It means that the land has the conditions of water supply, rain pollution, road access and site leveling.

Five syndromes

Real estate developers should have construction land planning permit, construction project planning permit, construction project commencement permit, state-owned land use permit and commercial housing pre-sale permit, referred to as "five certificates". The first two permits are issued by the planning department, the construction permit is issued by the construction department, and the state-owned land use permit and the pre-sale permit of commercial housing are issued by the land and resources department and the Housing Authority.

serviced apartment

Refers to an apartment that provides hotel-style management services. 1994, which means "hotel service, apartment management", has a high market position. It integrates the functions of residence, hotel and clubhouse, and has two major functions: self-use and investment. In addition to providing various services of traditional hotels, it is more important to provide guests with family-style living arrangements and family-style services, which makes people feel at home.

Running smart home wiring system

It is a physical network system based on international standards, with TIA/EIA 570A as the core and every household as the unit, and supports all weak current (telephone, computer, video, BA) applications in families and communities. It consists of twisted pair, coaxial cable, optical fiber and connecting accessories. All connections are terminated in communication sockets and panels distributed in various rooms, and related equipment such as computers, televisions, faxes, etc. can be automatically connected.