Three-minute tour guide in Wuyi town

wuzhen is an ancient water town in Zhejiang province, and also the hometown of a generation of literary giant, Mr. Mao dun. According to the textual research of Tanjiawan ancient cultural site, the ancestors of Wuzhen flourished in this area about 6 years ago. At that time, it belonged to Majiabang culture in Neolithic Age.

in the Tang dynasty, wuzhen was attached to Suzhou prefecture. In the 13th year of Tang Xiantong (872), the title of "Wuzhen" first appeared in Suo Jing Mingwang Temple Monument. The history of Wuzhen as a "town" may begin from now on. Wuzhen has a history of more than 1,2 years, and the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal passes through the town. Historically, it was divided into two towns, Wuqing and Qingqing, with the river as the boundary. Wuzhen in Hexi belongs to Wucheng County, Huzhou Prefecture, and Qingzhen in Hedong belongs to Tongxiang County, Jiaxing Prefecture. It was not until 195 that the two towns of Qing Wu formally merged, collectively known as Wuzhen, belonging to Tongxiang County and transferred to Jiaxing, and today.

Wuzhen Scenic Area was officially opened on January 1st, 21. Although it was developed late, it started at a high level and was well preserved. The whole development process adhered to the principle of "renovating the old with the old, and keeping the old intact". Now there are still ordinary people living in the scenic spot, and they have not all been moved away because of tourism development. How they used to live is almost still how they live now, so Wuzhen is carefree and original, and it is an ancient town living!

The river we see now is called Dongshi River, with a depth of 3 meters. It is running water and connects the Beijing-Hangzhou Canal. There are still people living in the ancient houses across the river, so Wuzhen is a real living ancient water town.

Not far from here, you can see a very distinctive stone slab bridge-Fengyuan Shuangqiao. When combined with a word, it means that there is a gallery shed above the bridge, so it is also called a covered bridge. There is also a drainage fence under the bridge, which was equivalent to a water gate at that time.

after crossing the bridge, the first place we came to was Caishen Bay. Originally, it was not called Caishen Bay, but called Zhuanyuan Bay. Wuzhen's water system was quite special, with a cross shape. As the river at the gate head became narrower, it was difficult for ships to turn around, so the locals dug a pond here to create a place where they could transship. At the same time, in order to distinguish it from Zhuanyuan Bay in other places, they borrowed the Caishen Hall in front and named it Caishen Bay.

Looking back, we can see an old drugstore called Xiangshan Hall. Although its scale is smaller than Huqingyutang in Hangzhou, it has a history of more than 12 years. It was founded by Lu Qingyu, a drug dealer in Ningbo, and his grandson Lu Quqing moved the pharmacy here. There are about 3 medicine cabinets around the counter.

After seeing the drugstore, you can walk on, and then you will see the Hall of the God of Wealth mentioned just now. In Wuzhen, there has always been a custom of taking the Fifth Road. The so-called Fifth Road means taking the Fifth Road, with one in the southeast and northwest, and this God of Wealth is Bigan, the literary god of the East Road. Bigan was a prime minister of the Shang Dynasty. He was honest and loyal to the king until his heart was given to Shang Zhouwang. At that time, the people respected him very much.

The street we are walking on now is called East Street, with a total length of 1,3 meters. It is an old stone road with ancient houses on both sides. There are more than 35 families living in the whole street with a population of nearly 1,. Looking at the past, it was very neat and clean, because all the three lines and two pipes were put into the ground during the development. Now people on both sides have water and electricity in their homes, and every household has installed toilets for them, and the sewage is not discharged into the river next to them, so the development of tourism has also improved the living environment to a certain extent.

Jiangnan Hundred Beds Museum

Leaders, next we visited Jiangnan Hundred Beds Museum, which, as the name implies, is a collection of various ancient beds from Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces. This old house is a large family with the local surname Zhao, and it is an old house in the depth of seven miles. First of all, the first bed we saw was the oldest bed in our exhibition hall: the Ming and horseshoe-foot tubular frame bed, with a history of at least 4 years. The Ming furniture was simple and elegant, and the materials were exquisite. The whole bed was made of beech wood. Then we moved in, and there was a treasure of the town hall in the 1-bed hall, which was a thousand-bed bed.

What we see here is a thousand-work bed for cleaning and drawing. Why do you say it is a thousand-work bed? It means one job a day, and a thousand jobs means it takes a carpenter a thousand days, which is three years. The exquisiteness of carving is also called wonderful workmanship. This bed * * * is carved with 16 figures, with 18 as an auspicious number in ancient times, and this bed is a newly-married bed, and a newly-married couple happens to fill 18, which is also a symbol of good luck. This bed covers an area of more than six square meters, and * * * has four depths, the first one is for changing shoes, the second one is for dressing rooms, and the third one is for putting toilet boxes. In ancient times, it was called the bucket for descendants. The last entry is used by the owner when he sleeps and rests. The equipment is complete and equivalent to the current suite. The most distinctive place on this bed is the wooden sign hanging in the air, which was given to the owner of the bed by the carpenter who used to make the bed, which is equivalent to a greeting card now, and there is also a kind of talk. This sign is just like the do not disturb sign hung on the door of our hotel now. < P > After reading the thousand-work bed, you can see three beds with the same style, which belong to the combination of Chinese and Western styles. On both sides of the bed, there are two Roman columns that are western-style. Double happiness is a symbol of happiness when people get married in China. That is to say, this bed is also a wedding bed, and this bed was left in the early Republic of China and made of mahogany.

Then most of the beds we saw just now were double beds. Next, we can have a look at two ladies' beds. First of all, let's take a look at the modern carved herringbone shelf bed, which was used by girls aged thirteen or fourteen. Although it is a young lady's bed, most of the carvings on this bed are military commanders' designs. It can be said that this little girl doesn't like red makeup and loves military makeup, and she belongs to Mulan's type, and her ambition is very high. Looking up, she can see two lines: "Hands want to catch the sky and the moon, and one stone breaks the bottom of my heart." On this bed, the pattern of bats is also carved, which represents many blessings, and the mighty lion also plays a role in avoiding evil spirits. Next to the Miss Bed in Qing Dynasty, the color of this Miss Bed is bright and red, which is a kind of precious silver paint. The characters on the bed are all gilded.

What we see now is a rattan couch, which can also be called "arhat couch". It is just like the sofa in people's homes, where we can drink tea, play chess, chat, smoke and so on. Look, it is also equipped with a few beds, which can be taken down or put up as needed. We can also see these two sister beds on the opposite side of the "Lohan Bed". They are called sister beds because they are made by the same local carpenter and have similar styles and styles, so they are named "sister beds" when they are put on display together. Don't you think the words "husband and wife and Ming" in the middle represent the love of husband and wife?

Jiangnan Folk Customs Museum

Next, we entered another family's Jinjia Hall, where we exhibited the local folk customs of Wuzhen. First, I want to visit the Clothing Customs Hall, which is about the clothes of people in the south of the Yangtze River in the 193s and 4s of the Republic of China. In this window, we can see that men and women were dressed in cheongsam, while men wore long gowns and hats with trousers and leather shoes, which was also a manifestation of the influence of western culture at that time. In this scene here, we can judge the identity of the four people by their clothes. In it, Mr. Accountant is sitting, while the light-colored blouse and trousers are dressed by the literati or small businessmen at that time, while the one wearing a black felt hat is a laborer, and the one wearing a blue gown is the image of a man. What we see in this window behind us are suits, students' clothes and Chinese tunic suits during the Republic of China. Student clothes are evolved from suits, and are also an improvement of Japanese uniforms. They are simple and do not need to wear ties. The tunic suit evolved from the student suit, and was designated as the national uniform by the Kuomintang government in 18 years. Four pockets respectively represent "four dimensions": courtesy, righteousness, honesty and shame. The three buttons on the cuff represent the Kuomintang Three People's Principles: democracy, civil rights and people's livelihood. The historical photo that I saw next to me was an introduction of Mao Dun and his family. From the perspective of clothing, Mao Dun was also born in a well-off family. Later, we will visit Mao Dun Memorial Hall and former residence. What we see here is women's fashion in the 193 s; What you can see in the window next to it is the tunic skirt worn by Han women in Qing Dynasty and the cheongsam worn by Manchu, which is also the abbreviation of the robe of flag women. By the Republic of China, cheongsam had also been westernized, and the lines tended to be cut all over the body.

Now we enter the Lunar New Year's Custom Hall, which is a ceremony for local people to meet the God of Wealth on the fifth day of the first month of each year. All the offerings needed to meet the God of Wealth are placed on the middle table. The first table is fruit, which is sweet, orange and apple, which means that the sweetness is high; The second table is cakes and water chestnuts, which represents contentment and abundant financial resources; The three tables are three animals, pig's head, rooster and carp, but the most special thing in the whole ceremony is the fish hoisted in the middle. The local people have to release the fish after picking up the god of wealth, and the released fish represents more than a year.

After seeing the exhibition hall where the local people meet the God of Wealth, now we come to the Festival Hall, with Ramadan Hall in the middle. Every Mid-Autumn Festival on August 15th, local people worship the Moon God and pray for the reunion of the whole family. On both sides are the customs and habits of Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces: New Year's greetings, Lantern Festival walking on the bridge, Qingming outing, weighing people in long summer, Dragon Boat Festival zongzi, dragon rain, insect drying in the sky, Mid-Yuan River lanterns, Mid-Autumn Festival moon viewing, climbing on the ninth day, ancestor worship in the winter solstice, and small watch in the twelfth month.

The exhibition hall we see now is more festive. It is a wedding ceremony of Wuzhen people before. It shows the scene of newlyweds worshiping heaven and earth during the Republic of China. In the middle is a wedding hall, which is dedicated to the statue of Guanyin. In front of Guanyin are: red dates, peanuts, longan and lychee, symbolizing the early birth of your son. The bride and groom are dressed in bright red and happy clothes, the glib matchmaker is standing next to the bride, and the old gentleman with a long beard behind the groom is the master of ceremonies. The two sitting are the parents of the groom, Gao Tang, sitting there in the order of male left and female right. The folk wedding custom has always been very particular. Under the auspices of the master of ceremonies, one worships the heaven and the earth, the other worships the high hall, and the third worships the husband and wife. After the salute, form a concentric flower-ball-shaped towel with two red ribbons from each family, with the bride and groom holding one head each, and the groom will slowly lead the bride into the bridal chamber while facing the bride! "Parents' orders, the words of the matchmaker" is the general principle of traditional marriage in China. It is first rumored by the matchmaker, and then decided by the parents. The parties often have no right to express their opinions directly on their marriage, so the two did not know that the red hijab on the bride's head was unveiled by the groom after she finally entered the bridal chamber. Of course, it is not possible to use her hands directly. She has to hold a pole and put it on the top of her wish, and pick the red hijab, which means "satisfaction" On the right side of the room is the dowry of the bride when she got married, including children's barrels, lacquer boxes, silk boxes, camphor wood boxes, bathtubs, rice baskets, etc., and on the opposite side is the sedan chair where girls used to sit when they got married. Because of the traditional concept of marriage and childbearing, girls got married at the age of fifteen or six, and girls in the south are petite and exquisite, so the sedan chair is very small and carried by four people. There are also three boxes for putting silk quilts. When a girl in Wuzhen gets married, even the quilt must be married into the man's house.

The last exhibition hall is the Shousu Hall. Because of the strong traditional concept of China people, people pay attention to doing nine things but not ten things for their birthdays, which means doing it on every nine days is more grand. The 6th birthday was celebrated at the age of 59. On the table in the middle were the things used for birthday celebration, the three-foot-three longevity noodles, which meant a long time, and the cakes with Wuzhen characteristics. In the purlin, three stars, Fu, Lu and Shou, are enshrined. On both sides, there are 1 blessings, 1-year-old pictures and Magu's birthday celebrations.

Gao Gong Sheng Zao Fang

walked through the traditional residential area and then came to the traditional workshop area.

there are many specialties in wuzhen. besides chrysanthemum morifolium and aunt's cake, Sanjiu Liquor is also one of them. In ancient times, most folk workshops were arranged in the pattern of front shop and back workshop. Then please follow me inside.

The Sanjiu Liquor in Wuzhen has a long history. As early as when Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, officials from Zhejiang Province presented Sanjiu Liquor to Zhu Yuanzhang. After drinking it, he praised it and made it a tribute. From then on, the workshop of Sanjiu Liquor began to flourish. However, it was not until the 11th year of Tongzhi in Qing Dynasty (1872) that the imperial court issued an official document to the Ministry of Industry. Since then, Gao Gongsheng's bad shop has been officially listed for business.

It is called Sanjiu Liquor because of its raw materials. White rice, white flour and white water. That is, grain liquor brewed from glutinous rice, wheat and underground deep well water through secondary fermentation and secondary distillation. Alcohol is 55 degrees.

The production method of Sanjiu Liquor is complicated, which is roughly as follows:

First, put glutinous rice in a vat and soak it in water, which usually takes 12 hours, and then steam it in wooden barrels (about half an hour). After steaming, cool it with cold water, pour it into a vat, and mix in koji powder. About four barrels are put into each vat, then the rice is pressed tightly, a small hole is dug in the middle, and the lid is covered for fermentation. After two or three days, the wine slurry overflows in the small hole, and the fermentation has been completed.

after the preliminary fermentation is completed, add water to the mouth of the tank, and at the same time pour in a barrel of freshly steamed rice, and seal it for main fermentation. After a week, harrow, stir the fermented rice up and down evenly with a wooden harrow, remove carbon dioxide, and then seal it to continue fermentation. After 48 hours, put the wine in the jar into the jar for later fermentation. Squeeze after four or five months, separate the distiller's grains from the drinks, and put the drinks into the distillation box. Put it on an iron frame, and put wheat flour and glutinous rice on it for distillation. The wine is divided into wine head, wine and wine tail. Then go to the head and pinch the tail, let go of the head and tail, and distill it together with the wine squeezed out next time, that is, the so-called secondary distilled wine, that is, 55-degree Sanjiu Liquor!

Then understand the brewing principle of Sanjiao Liquor, and then have a taste of the local specialty-Sanjiao Liquor!

Blue Printed Fabric Workshop

Leaders, ahead is the Blue Printed Fabric Workshop. Walking into this ancient wooden door, this is a patio and a place to dry cloth. Blue calico began in the late Jin Dynasty, developed in the Song and Yuan Dynasties, and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. In the old days, there were dye houses all over Wuzhen, and there were more than a dozen at most. It can be seen that the printing and dyeing industry was very prosperous in Wuzhen.

Because of its special raw materials and technology, blue calico is also commonly called "lime calico" or "medicated patch cloth". Walking into this exhibition hall, look at these windows next to it. There are many clothes, fabrics, mosquito nets, headscarves and other modern products in Ming and Qing Dynasties, such as "Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" and "Century Shanghai". Here you can also witness many tools for making blue calico in Ming and Qing Dynasties and earlier. For example, the plywood mentioned in the ancient book A Record of Two Instruments is the oldest printing and dyeing tool.

after seeing the exhibition hall, let's go to this small house next to it and have a look at the sizing and copying technology. This process is a very important step in making blue printed cloth. Is to use a pre-carved pattern, flat on a white cloth with good pulp, and evenly brush the adjusted lime powder and soybean powder. Why do you want to brush these two powders? Because lime powder can prevent dyeing, that is to say, the place where lime powder is pasted can't be dyed. And soybean powder has a strong viscosity, you can put lime powder.