Why do Liangshan heroes like to drink?

In "Water Margin", wine and the heroes of Liang Shanbo complement each other, making these heroes' heroic and loyal feats romantic and romantic. Greenwood heroes love wine so much that wine has been integrated into their blood and become a part of their complete and vigorous lives. That's why the glory of their lives is as warm and generous as wine. It was under the influence of wine that Li Kui became naive, Wu Songfang became brave and powerful, and Lu Zhishen became even more forthright and heroic. It is also because of wine that there are so many wonderful and magical stories and thrilling fights. Just imagine, without wine in "Water Margin", the heroes' personality charm would be greatly reduced in front of readers. In the 120 chapters of "Water Margin", almost every chapter has a description of drinking. Song Jiang not only assigned eight heroes to take charge of the four hotels around Liangshanbo, as the first barrier of Liangshan to detect the enemy's situation, but also He also entrusted his brother Song Qing and township party Zhu Fu to take charge of the banquet, which shows the high status of drinking and drinking in the hearts of Song Jiang and the heroes. When they meet, they drink wine to welcome the wind, drink farewell wine when seeing them off, drink Zhuangxing wine when going on an expedition, and drink celebration wine after victory. When they have nothing to do in the village, they also have to "take turns to prepare a banquet with a leader every day" celebrate". I don’t know how much happiness wine adds to the heroes. "Water Margin" covers many types of alcoholic drinks, from the Huangfeng Royal Wine enjoyed by the emperor Laozi to the Maochai Baijiu enjoyed by the villagers for fun. Generally, in remote places in rural villages, some thin village wine, old wine, yellow rice wine, vegetarian wine, meat wine, muddy white wine, community wine, etc. are sold. Most of these wines are made from grains and distiller's yeast, and their alcohol content is relatively low. This is wine brewed by the villagers themselves, and it still exists today. In some areas in the north, it is called glutinous rice wine, while in the south, it is called rice wine, rice wine, sweet wine, etc. Because it is a low-alcohol wine, no matter which hero in "Water Margin" drinks ten, eight, or even ten bowls, he will not get drunk. It was only after Lu Zhishen drank a barrel of this wine that he started to make trouble at Wenshu Monastery in Mount Wutai. The good wine recognized by the heroes in "Water Margin" is called white wine and shochu in the novel. This kind of wine has a higher alcohol content, and the physiological and psychological reactions caused by eating it are more rapid and effective, that is, you feel more energetic after eating. For example, for the first time, the imperial court sent Taiwei Chen Zongshan to Liangshan to recruit troops. In order to show Song Jiang and other heroes the emperor's grace, Huizong specially ordered the Taiwei to bring dozens of bottles of imperial wine to the heroes of Liangshan. These wines should be high-end liquor. Unexpectedly, when they went up the mountain to cross Liangshan Po, Ruan Xiaoqi and others, who were sent by Wu Yong, enjoyed themselves, and they all exchanged village mash water and wine for support. When Chen Taiwei read the emperor's edict and distributed royal wine for everyone to drink in Zhongyi Hall, the wine "was just an ordinary weak village mash." Lu Zhishen, who didn't know the details, shouted loudly: "You are a bastard! What a bully! Use the water." "The wine is used as royal wine to coax us to eat." From this plot, we can also find that the Liangshan hero likes to drink higher-concentration shochu. The novel also mentions a kind of wine called "brain", which appears in the 180th chapter "Tiger Beats Bai Xiuying with a Winged Tiger". At that time, an idle man named Li Xiaoer informed Lei Heng County that a new person had arrived. After the female entertainer Bai Xiuying died, "people left Lei Heng and went out to think outside the world." The word "brain wine" also appears many times in "Jin Ping Mei Ci Hua". The first is in Chapter 76, "The next day, Ximen Qing got up early, and He Qianhu arrived for an appointment. After drinking some wine, he got up and went to the countryside to see off the governor." Another chapter is in Chapter 98. It is written that Ximen Qing’s son-in-law Chen Jingji hooked up with Ximen Qing’s slave Han Daoguo’s daughter Ai Jie. Ai Jie’s mother Wang Liuer made a brain wine to celebrate Chen Jingji. The hotels that appear in "Water Margin" are not only related to the luxury restaurants in Bianjing, the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty, but also to some ordinary hotels in the city. More often, they are the introduction of the places where the heroes played - small hotels scattered in the countryside. Among the many hotels, the one with the most complete facilities and the most convenient for customers to eat and drink is the Tokyo Fan Tower mentioned in Chapter 7 of the novel. At that time, Gao Yanei, the son of Gao Qi, fell in love with Lin Chong's wife and had evil intentions. He asked Lin Chong's friend Lu Yuhou to devise a plan to lure Lin Chong out of the house, so that Gao Yanei could break into Lin Chong's house and attack Lin Chong. Lin Chong's wife committed an evil act. Lu Yuhou's trick was to call Lin Chong to Fanlou to have a drink of wine. Fan Tower is a real large restaurant that existed in the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty. It was also known as Baifan Tower and was the most prestigious high-end hotel in the city at that time. Its large scale, gorgeous decoration, and rich food and wine are astonishing even today. Volume 11 of "The Wild Words of Qidong" written by Zhou Mi of the Yuan Dynasty states: Fan Lou "is the first wine shop in the capital, with more than a thousand drinkers".

At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the Bailun Building was renamed Fengle Building, "Xuanhe Room" (the reign name of Emperor Huizong of the Song Dynasty), and it was built three stories high. The five floors face each other, each with flying sills, connecting light and dark, bead curtains embroidered on the forehead, and lamps. "The candle shines brightly" "Tokyo Menghua Lu". Restaurant". It’s just like the food that never sleeps in the city today. Hotels in cities with prefectures and counties are the ones with relatively low-end facilities. This is the restaurant where Lu Zhishen and Shi Jin first met. It is located in the city of Weizhou. Lu Zhishen, Shi Jin, and Li Zhong "went round and round, and came to a famous hotel owned by the Pan family in Zhoujie (there was also a large restaurant called Panlou in Bianjing in the Northern Song Dynasty). They picked out a viewing pole in front of the door and hung it. The wine flag was floating in the air, and the three of them came to the Pan family restaurant and sat down in the Jichu Pavilion. Tiahao took the main seat, Li Zhong sat down at the table, and Shi Jin sat down and said, "This hotel is not only very standard." There is a wine-selling sign to attract customers, and there are neat pavilions, which are today's private rooms. It can be seen that the conditions are quite good. In the Song Dynasty, wine shops sold wine either by horns or by bowls; some also sold wine by bottles, ladles and barrels. Chapter 4: The hotel where Lu Zhishen bought wine was based on bowls. When the store owner asked Zhishen: "How much wine?" Lu Zhishen replied: "Don't ask how much, just sift the big bowl." As a result, he "ate ten in a row." Have a bowl." When Song Jiang was drunk in Xunyang Tower, he bought the bottle from the store clerk. In the third episode, Lu Zhishen was drinking with Shi Jin and Li Zhong. He first asked the bartender to "get four corners of wine." After that, he "ate two cents of wine." The use of horns as a vessel for holding wine already existed in the pre-Qin period. Zheng Xuan, a great scholar of the Han Dynasty, wrote in his annotation "Zhou Rites." The sentence "one jiao and two pieces" in the "Etiquette of Special Animals and Food Gifts" in "Etiquette" means: "Jiao, four things." Song Jun of the Qing Dynasty led the "Shuowen Tong Xun Zhen Ding Sheng" to research from the origin: " It is suspected that the ancient wine vessels were based on horns, so the words "Gu", "Jie" and "觥" are often derived from horns. "Those who sell wine in a shop can act in the above way, but the wine merchants who sell wine with barrels on their shoulders pay zero attention to customers." It can only be sold in terms of ladles, and some can also be sold in terms of barrels. The first time Lu Zhishen drank on Wutai Mountain, he "bought" it from a small wine vendor walking in the countryside. The small wine vendor carried a load of barrels and sang up the mountain with the barrel lid on top. Hold a spinner. "Xuan is a device for lifting a small amount of liquid from a large container. In some rural areas, small shops with long handles made of bamboo or iron are used to retail bulk wine, soy sauce, kerosene, etc. The container was lifted out of the deep vat that contained the liquid. This long-handled measuring vessel should be a relic of the ladle. Of course, if the wine vendor encounters a wealthy person like Lu Zhishen, he will ask questions as soon as he comes. "How much is a bucket?" Doing a "big business" with him must be a rare good thing (except for Lu Zhishen in the novel). Another example is when Bai Sheng was selling wine in Huangnigang. The military officer escorting Liang Zhongshu's birthday party asked him: "How much is a bucket?" His answer was "Five guans per bucket, ten guans per load." The sale was also determined based on the bucket. example. The drinking style of the Song Dynasty reflected in "Water Margin" is also very distinctive. People drank alcohol at that time, especially in winter, and they usually drank it after it was warm. Wu Song was a guest of the Wu family for the first time in Yanggu County. Pan Jinlian prepared a sumptuous banquet for him and asked Wu Song from time to time to "please have a drink." . This hot wine is the warm wine. It’s like Chapter 39. The novel tells that Wu Song was going to take back the Happy Forest Hotel occupied by Chiang Kai-shek for Shi En. He came to this hotel to find trouble while drinking. “The bartender went to the counter and asked the woman to scoop out two corners. "Pour the wine into a bucket, scald a bowl" and send it to Wu Song. Wu Song asked him to exchange the bad wine for wine. Later, the woman and the bartender scalded two bowls of fine wine, but neither was to his liking. How does this method of warming wine in a barrel work? The specific method is: pour the wine into a ladle specially used for warming wine (also known as a wine pourer, which is a bottle with no handle, a big belly and a small mouth), and then put it into a "soup bucket" ( (It is filled with boiling water). Since the ladle has a big belly and small ends, and the density of alcohol is less than that of water, the ladle will not tilt over in the soup bucket, and can be immersed in hot water stably for the most part. , it doesn’t take long for the cold wine in the wine pourer to be heated through heat conduction. This method of hot wine is described in detail in Chapter 9. When Marquis Lu Yu came to Cangzhou on the orders of Gao Qiu to bribe Guanying of Laocheng Camp and sent someone to murder Lin Chong, he happened to be in the shop of Lin Chong's friend Li Xiaoer. Discuss the matter while drinking. "The man who followed asked for a soup bucket and boiled the wine by himself. The man said (to Li Xiaoer): "I have a companion to boil the wine. I don't want you to stop coming. I want to talk to you." "When the boiling water in the deheating bucket becomes cold, it needs to be replaced with boiling water, so there are words in the following text, "Call the soup in the pavilion. When Li Xiaoer hurriedly went inside to change the soup..." and other words.

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