How to understand "Yun Teng causes rain, and dew forms frost.

What does money mean by "leaping into adulthood and adjusting the rhythm to Yang"?

Answer: Accumulate the leap surplus of several years into a month and put it in a leap year; The ancients used six laws and six laws to regulate yin and yang.

How to understand this sentence?

Answer: ① Overmature leap: In the ancient calendar of China, the moon changed every month and every twelve months of the year, but the actual year (the time taken for the earth to revolve around the sun) is different from it. This time difference is called "leap". In order to solve this problem, the ancients added the "leap surplus" accumulated to a certain extent every few years to synthesize a "leap month" and inserted it into the year. A year with a leap month is a leap year. Jump, remainder. Years, years.

(2) Rhythm: Rhythm tube and lyre tube, a device used to calibrate melody in ancient China, are equivalent to modern Andhadhun. In ancient China, an octave was divided into twelve semitones which were not completely equal, and each semitone was called even, in which the odd law was called law, the even law was called law, and the twelve laws were divided into six laws and six laws, which were called law for short. According to legend, when the Yellow Emperor made music, Linglun used temperament to regulate Yin and Yang.

original text

Thousand-Character Classic

Zhou Xingsi [Northern and Southern Dynasties]

The world is mysterious and the universe is vast.

The sun and the moon are full, and Chen Su is on the list.

Cold comes and summer goes, autumn harvest and winter storage.

Striding into adulthood, rhythm and temperament adjust Yang.

It rains in Yun Teng, and the dew becomes frost.

Gold comes from Lishui, and jade comes from Kungang.

The sword horn is huge, and the beads are called luminous.

Fruit is precious, but vegetables are heavy mustard and ginger.

The salty sea river is light, and the scales are hidden.

The dragon is the fire emperor and the bird is the emperor.

The beginning of writing is clothing.

Give way to the country.

Hang people and kill people, don.

Sit and ask, hang the arch flat chapter.

I will be rich and strong if I love Li Shou.

Distance brings guests to the king.

Ming-feng is in the bamboo-white pony grain field.

Vegetation depends on ten thousand square meters.

I am born with this body, and I am permanent.

Only bow and lift, dare to damage.

Women are virtuous and virtuous, while men are virtuous.

Once you know it, you must change it and never forget it.

Don't talk about a person's shortcomings, just rely on yourself.

The messenger can reply, but the equipment is difficult to measure.

Tears are dyed with silk, and poems praise lambs.

Wei Xing County, Beijing, can be born in.

Moral construction is famous and proper.

The empty valley transmits sound, and the empty hall listens.

Unfortunately, due to the accumulation of evil, good luck is due to the green mountains.

A ruler is not a treasure, but an inch is a game.

The father is the king, strict and respectful.

Filial piety should be exhausted and loyalty should be exhausted.

I am deeply involved in my work, and I long for warmth.

Like Lansing, like pine trees.

The stream is endless and the depth is clear.

Rong Zhi thoughtful, stable words.

Honesty begins and prudence ends.

The foundation of honor is very poor.

Learn to be an excellent official and go into politics.

Live with Gan Tang and benefit from going.

Different music, different manners.

There is harmony from top to bottom, and the husband sings with the woman.

Fu Xun, into the mother instrument.

Uncle Zhu, you are better than your son.

The Kong Huai brothers are in the same breath.

Make friends, score points, and sharpen the rules.

Kindness is hidden, it is better to leave.

Retire honestly and lose money.

Quiet and comfortable, exhausted.

Keep the truth and be full of ambition, and move one thing at a time.

Adhere to elegant practice, and a good knight will bring about his own destruction.

China is the capital and Beijing is the east and west.

Behind the face is Luo, and the floating Wei is the Jing.

The palace is gloomy and foggy, and the scenery is flying.

Draw animals and colorful fairies.

Three houses open, opposite one house.

Feast, feast, preach sheng.

Be promoted to a higher position and be appointed.

The right side is wide and the left side is clear.

It is not only a collection of graves, but also a collection of heroes.

Du manuscript, lacquer book wall sutra.

Fu, Xia Lu Huai Qing people.

The household sealed eight counties and gave thousands of soldiers.

High crown with webbed, hub vibration.

The world is rich and the car is fat.

The strategy is vigorous and solid, and the tablet is engraved.

Climbing the west is cloudy, Sasaki is constant.

I live in Qufu, and I do business in Dan Wei.

Huan Gong Kuang helped the weak and the poor.

Kirara returned to Han Hui and said that he felt Wu Ding.

Don't be loyal, don't be sincere, be sincere.

Chu Jin is more dominant, and Zhao Wei is trapped.

Kill the enemy by false means and practice the land alliance.

How to abide by the contract law, Han tired of punishment.

Because the headland is quite grazing, the army is the best.

Xuanwei desert is famous for its danqing.

The remnants of Kyushu, 100 counties and Qin.

Yue Dai, Zen master Yunting.

Wild goose gate purple plug, chicken farm Chicheng.

Kunchi Jieshi, Juye Dongting.

Vast, rocky and obscure.

Solve problems fundamentally in agriculture and grow good crops.

I am Xiaomi, I am Xiaomi.

The tax is ripe and new, so I advise you to reward it.

Moncton Sue, the history of fish is very simple.

I am very modest, very modest.

Listen to the sound, examine the reason, distinguish the appearance and the color.

It's amazing, and it's only a matter of time

Save your bow and ridicule, and spoil it.

Almost ashamed, Lin Hao was glad.

The two sides play it by ear, and whoever forcibly solves it will be the group.

Living in leisure, silence is lonely.

Seek the past and worry about it.

I am tired of playing, and I am grateful for this move.

The calendar of the canal is full of troubles, and the garden is full of troubles.

Loquat is late green, and sycamore fleas are weak.

Chen Gen Committee, the fallen leaves return to their roots.

You can swim alone or in the clouds.

Spend a lot of time reading and playing the market.

Easy to fear, belonging to the ear wall.

Eating is delicious and moistening the intestines.

Cook and slaughter when you are full, and hate chaff when you are hungry.

Relatives are old, and young and old are different.

My concubine weaves in the royal style and serves in the towel and curtain room.

Ten thousand fans are round and clean, and silver candles are bright.

Sleeping during the day and sleeping at night, green bamboo shoots are like beds.

String songs, booze and then a glass of wine.

Correct your hands and feet and be happy and healthy.

Heirs will continue and sacrifices will be tasted.

See you again, you will be afraid.

The notes are short and the answers are detailed.

Dirt wants to take a bath, but heat wants to cool down.

Donkeys and mules are great.

Kill the thief and escape the rebellion.

Cloth shot Liao Wan, Qin Qin Ruanxiao.

On paper, you can fish.

It is good to solve disputes and benefit customs.

Mao Shizhu and Gong Yanyan both laughed.

Every year, the sun rises brightly.

Xuan Ji is hanging in the air, shining everywhere.

Refers to the salary repair, always auspicious.

Take the lead, pitch the hall.

Put on your belt and look around.

Ignorance, ignorance, etc

It's no use calling it a helper.

translate

The sky is blue and black, and the ground is yellow.

The universe was formed in a state of chaos and ignorance.

The sun goes up and down, the moon is round and missing,

The stars are all over the boundless space.

Hot and cold cycles change, come and go, go and come,

Harvest crops in autumn and store food in winter.

Accumulate leap profits for several years and do it for one month. In leap years,

The ancients used six laws and six laws to regulate yin and yang.

When clouds rise and meet cold, rain forms.

When the night is cold, dew condenses into frost.

Gold is produced in Jinsha River,

Jade comes from Kunlun Mountain.

The sharpest sword is called Jueque,

The most precious pearl is called "luminous".

The most precious fruits are plums and buds.

The most important vegetables are mustard and ginger.

The sea is salty, the river is light,

Fish swim in the water and birds fly in the air.

Dragon Lord, Fire Emperor, Bird Officer, Ren Huang,

These are all ancient court officials.

Jie created words,

Father léi makes clothes.

Tang Yao and Yu Shun are wise and selfless,

Take the initiative to give up the throne to heroes and sages.

Pacify the people, crusade against tyrants,

It's Zhou Wuwang Ji Fa and Wang Shang Tang Cheng.

The wise monarch sat on the court and asked his ministers for advice on how to govern the country.

Hang up your clothes and hand them over, and you can make the world peaceful and accomplish a lot with no effort.

They love and sympathize with people,

Let the people of all ethnic groups bow to their knees.

The whole world is unified into a whole,

All the common people obey his rule.

Phoenix chirps happily in the bamboo forest,

The little white horse is grazing freely on the grassland.

The benevolent policies of the holy king and the wise king have benefited every grass and tree.

Grace spreads all over the world.

The human body and skin belong to the "Big Four".

Every word and deed must conform to the "five permanent members".

Really thinking about the kindness of parents,

Dare not destroy it.

Women should admire those who are chaste,

Men should imitate those who are talented and moral.

If you know that you are wrong, you must correct it.

Don't give up what suits you.

Don't talk about other people's shortcomings,

Don't make progress just because you have strong points.

Honest words must stand the test,

It is difficult to estimate the size of this instrument.

Mozi bemoaned the mottled white silk.

The Book of Songs praises that lambs can remain as white as ever.

Admire the virtues of sages,

We should restrain our selfish desires and try to imitate saints.

If you develop good morals, you will have a good reputation.

Just as dignified and handsome.

Shouts spread far in the empty valley,

The sound is very clear in the spacious hall.

Disaster is the result of many evils,

Fulu is the reward of charity.

A foot-long jade is not a real treasure,

Even a moment is worth cherishing.

Support father, serve the monarch,

Be serious and respect.

Filial piety should do its best,

Loyalty to the monarch means giving your life.

As cautious as walking on thin ice,

Get up early and go to bed late. Waiting on parents makes them feel warm in winter and cool in summer.

Let your virtue be as fragrant as bluegrass,

As lush as pine and cypress.

Can also be extended to future generations, like a flowing river,

Affect the world, like a pool of clear blue.

Keep calm and serene in appearance and behavior,

Words should be calm and appear calm.

Cultivate one's morality, just pay attention to the beginning.

Do it seriously, it is more important to have a good result.

This is the foundation of lifelong honor. With this foundation,

There is no end to development.

After reading the book, you can become an official.

Can exercise their functions and powers to participate in state affairs.

Good governance that Zhou people miss. When Zhao Gong was alive, he once ruled the state affairs under Gan Tang tree.

After his death, people miss singing more.

Music varies from person to person,

Etiquette should be different according to people's status.

Live in harmony with each other,

Couples should sing together, in harmony and harmony.

Accept the guidance of the teacher outside,

Follow your parents' instructions at home.

Treat aunts, uncles, uncles and other elders,

Like their own children.

Brothers should care about each other, because they have parents' blood.

Like connecting branches.

To make friends, you should be like-minded,

We should be able to learn from each other and encourage each other in character.

Kindness and kindness, sympathy for people,

Anytime and anywhere, you can't do without it.

Morality, justice, honesty and humility,

Don't be short of money when you are down and out.

Keep your heart quiet and calm, and your mood will be comfortable and comfortable.

When the heart is touched by foreign objects, the spirit will be tired and sleepy.

Keep your natural kindness and your wishes will be satisfied.

Pursuing material comforts will change kindness.

Firmly maintain an elegant mood,

A good position will naturally belong to you.

The ancient capital of China is magnificent,

There are Tokyo, Luoyang and Xijing Chang 'an.

Luoyang faces Mangshan Mountain in the north, facing Luoshui.

Chang 'an crosses Weihe River in the north, far away from Jinghe River.

The palace twists and turns,

The balcony palace is flying in the air, which is frightening.

The palace is painted with birds and animals.

There are also paintings of immortals.

The annex halls on both sides of the main hall are opened from the side.

The luxurious tent faces high.

A tall catalpa tree,

A banquet was held in the palace, playing the piano and playing the flute, and sheng was jubilant.

Officials went up and down the steps to toast each other, and the beads turned.

Like stars all over the sky.

On the right is the Guangnei Hall leading to the library.

On the left, arrive at Cheng Ming Hall where courtiers rest.

There are many classics here.

There are also groups of talented people who are both civil and military.

Here are the manuscripts of Du Du's cursive script and the original official script of Zhong You.

There are lacquer books unearthed from the tomb of King Wei Anli in Jixian County, and ancient books discovered by the king of Han Dynasty in the wall of Confucius Temple in Qufu.

The palace will want to line up in two rows in turn.

Outside the court, doctors or officials are standing in the street.

Each of them has fiefs in more than eight counties,

There are thousands of heavily armed guards.

Officials in high hats accompanied the emperor on his visit.

Driving one horse after another, the hat is dancing, so awesome.

Their children and grandchildren receive their salaries from generation to generation, and they are extravagant and rich.

When you go out, you are good and fat, and Chunfeng people are very proud.

The court also recorded their merits and demerits in detail.

Carved on stone tablets, handed down to future generations.

When Zhou Wuwang Panxi met Lu Shang, he was honored as "King Taigong".

Yi Yin assisted in current politics, and the king of Shang Tang named him "Aheng".

Zhou Chengwang occupied the land of the ancient country Qufu,

If it weren't for Zhou Gongdan's assistant government, it wouldn't be possible.

Qi Huangong corrected the princes of the world,

They are all under the banner of "helping the weak" and "saving the nation".

When Emperor Huidi was a prince, it was through Qiliji that he was saved from being deposed.

Wu Ding, the monarch of Shang Dynasty, got the legend of sage by feeling his dream.

The diligence and prudence of talented people,

In exchange for the position of official.

Jin Wengong and Chu Zhuangwang have successively occupied a dominant position,

Zhao and Wei were trapped in Lian Heng.

The state of Jin used the state of Yu to destroy the state of Guo,

In practice, Jin Wengong is known as the vassal blood alliance.

Xiao He obeyed the simple laws of Emperor Gaozu,

Han Fei died tragically under the severe punishment he advocated.

Qin generals Bai Qi and Wang Jian, Zhao generals Lian Po and Li Mu,

Fighting with soldiers is the most skilled.

Their fame spread far and wide in the desert in the north,

A good name and a good portrait will go down in history forever.

In Kyushu, Dayu left a trail of water control.

After the merger of Qin and the six countries, the counties and counties in the country were unified.

The Five Mountains revere Mount Tai,

Emperors of past dynasties presided over Zen ceremonies in Yunshan and Tingshan.

The famous pass is Yanmen in northern Xinjiang, and the fortress is the Great Wall of Wan Li.

There is a chicken farm on the edge of the post station, and there is a Tiantai Chicheng on the strange mountain.

Visit Dianchi Lake in Kunming and see the sea near Jieshi, Hebei.

See Ze go to Juye, Shandong, and see Dongting, Hunan on the lake.

China is a vast country with a vast population, and there is no poverty.

Famous mountains and strange valleys are deep and beautiful, with a myriad of weather.

Taking agriculture as the foundation of governing the country,

Be sure to sow well and reap well.

It's time to start a year of farm work,

Millet and yellow rice are planted.

During the harvest season, you have to pay taxes on newly matured grains.

Crops that are well planted will be praised and rewarded, and those that are not well planted will be punished.

Mencius advocated simplicity,

Historian Fish is straightforward by nature.

Being a man should conform to the standard of the golden mean as much as possible.

Be diligent and modest, be cautious, and know how to persuade and warn yourself.

Listen to people and find out the truth.

Judging a person's appearance depends on his mood.

Leave people with correct and wise advice or suggestions,

Encourage others to be cautious and prudent.

When you hear sarcastic warnings from others, you should reflect on yourself.

Don't be carried away by human feelings, but struggle with power.

If you know that dangerous and shameful things are about to happen, you will retire to the mountains.

You can still survive.

In the Han Dynasty, my uncle and nephew retired by accident.

Who forced them to resign?

Living alone away from you, being carefree,

Don't waste your breath all day, quietism is not a good thing.

Explore the ancient things of the ancients and read some wise sayings.

You can put aside your distractions and feel at ease.

Easy things are put together, difficult things are put aside,

Eliminate endless troubles and get unlimited happiness.

How brightly the lotus flowers in the pond bloom,

The grass in the garden has sprouted.

In winter, loquat leaves are still green.

The leaves of Platanus acerifolia wither in autumn.

The old roots are winding,

Fallen leaves are floating around in the autumn wind.

Only Kun Peng, who travels far, flies independently.

Straight into the clouds filled with rosy clouds.

In Han Dynasty, Wang Chong was addicted to reading in the city.

All eyes are on the schoolbags and books.

Pay attention to the danger when switching to a light car.

Speak to prevent the walls from having ears.

Ordinary meals,

It should be to the taste and make people full.

When you are full, you will naturally be satisfied with big fish and big meat.

When you are hungry, you should be satisfied with simple food and light rice.

Relatives and friends should be hospitable when they meet.

Old people and children should eat different foods from themselves.

Concubines and handmaids should do housework,

Serve your master respectfully and wholeheartedly.

The round silk fan is white and elegant,

The white candle is bright and brilliant.

Take a nap during the day and sleep at night.

A bed covered with bamboo mats, which are woven with green bamboo strips and carved with ivory screens.

Playing music, singing, setting wine and giving a banquet,

Pick up the cup and drink it to your heart's content.

I can't help dancing,

Really happy and healthy.

Generation after generation,

Sacrifice in the four seasons can't be slack.

Kneel and kowtow, worship and worship,

Etiquette should be comprehensive and respectful, and the mood should be sad and pious.

Letters to people should be concise,

Be careful and thorough when answering other people's questions.

I want to take a bath when I get dirty.

Hold something hot, hoping for wind to cool it.

When there is a disaster at home, even donkeys, mules and animals will be frightened.

Jump around, run around.

The government killed the thief,

Catch rebels and fugitives.

Lu Bu is good at archery and should be good at playing with projectiles.

Ji Kang is good at playing the piano and Ruan Ji is good at whistling.

Meng Tian invented the writing brush and Cai Lun invented papermaking.

Ma Jun invented the waterwheel, and Ren Gongzi was good at fishing.

They are either good at solving disputes for people or good at inventing and creating things that are beneficial to society.

These are all very clever.

Hairstyle and beauty are beautiful,

Even when you frown, it looks like a beautiful smile.

Youth is fleeting, and years make people old.

Only the sun shines forever.

The high-hanging Beidou rotates with the change of seasons.

The bright moonlight shines on every corner of the world.

Conforming to nature, Xiu De accumulated wealth.

Always safe, how beautiful.

Only when you are so calm can you hold your head high.

Every move is as solemn as in a sacred temple.

Dress neatly and dignified, behave calmly,

Forward looking.

You can't understand these truths without knowledge.

I can only live as empty as an ignorant person and make people laugh.

Speaking of auxiliary words in ancient books,

That is "Yan", "zai", "Hu" and "Ye".

Creation background

Literacy textbooks specially used for enlightenment have appeared in China for a long time. There were Cang Xie and Gui Li in Qin dynasty, Fan Jiang in Sima Xiangru, Gu Xi in Jia's family, exhortation in Cai Yong and urgent chapter in You's family in Han dynasty, and in the Three Kingdoms period. Although Urgent Chapter is a prominent primary school book after Cang Xie Pian, due to various problems in its circulation, its authority was not as good as before in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, and some enlightenment books such as Gu Ting and Friends in this period were limited in readability. It is against this background that thousands of words came out.

In the Southern Dynasties, in order to teach Wang Xizhi calligraphy, Yin was asked to carve a thousand different words from Wang Xizhi's works, each with a piece of paper, and then these messy rubbings were given to him to weave them into rhymes with content. This is the Thousand-Character Works, which was circulated in 2 1 century for more than 400 years.

works appreciation

Shuo Wen Jie Zi, edited by Wang and annotated by Sun, divides Shuo Wen Jie Zi into four parts, which are called "four chapters".

From the first sentence "Heaven and Earth are mysterious and yellow" to the thirty-sixth sentence "Lai Yu" as the first part;

The second part begins with the 37th sentence "covering the body hair" and ends with the 102 sentence "a good knight is complacent".

The third part is from the sentence 103 "Du Yi Huaxia" to the sentence 162 "Cave".

The fourth part is from the sentence 163 "cure the problems in agriculture" to the sentence 248 "ignorance".

Finally, there are two sentences that have no special meaning, that is, "it's really a pity that the predicate helper", so they are listed separately.

The first part of "Thousand Characters" begins with the creation of heaven and earth. With heaven and earth, there will be changes in the sun, moon, stars, clouds, rain, frost and fog and the four seasons of cold and heat; There will be jade, iron (sword), treasures, melons and fruits, vegetables, rivers and lakes, birds and fish; People and times have also changed between heaven and earth. Here, Qian Wen Zi tells about the early history of mankind and the performance of Shang Tang and Zhou Wuwang in their heyday, that is, the article said, "sitting in front of the court and asking questions, hanging down the arch and laying down the seal" and loving Li Shou, I will be rich and strong. Distance brings guests to the king. Ming-feng is eating the fields with the white pony in the tree. It depends on ten thousand parties to turn hostilities into friendship. "

The second part focuses on the cultivation standards and principles of Qian narrator, that is, cultivation time. It is pointed out that people should be filial to their parents, cherish the body handed down by their parents, "respect and bow, not dare to harm others", "know what they do, and change it", keep your word, keep innocence, and establish a good image and reputation. This is the meaning of the following four sentences: "Tears touch silk, poetry praises the lamb". Then, the article expounds loyalty, filial piety and people's etiquette, making friends and loyalty in depth.

The third part of Qian Zi Wen tells all aspects related to the rules. This chapter begins with the saying that the capital wins, trying to describe the magnificence of the capital. "The palace is gloomy and the scenery of the building is amazing." Beijing is rich in classics and talented people, which is the second meaning of the third part, focusing on the luxurious life of the upper class and their literary martial arts. Finally, this part describes the vast territory of the country and the beauty of the scenery: "Kyushu is rich in ruins, with hundreds of counties and Qin ... vast, surrounded by rocks."

The fourth part of Qian mainly describes the desolate rural life, praises those people who are willing to be lonely and not fettered by fame and fortune, and yearns for the warm human feelings of the people. Wang He-sun's A Thousand-Character Interpretation thinks that this part is about "the way a gentleman manages his family", which has some truth, but it seems far-fetched, so it is not adopted.

"Thousand-character text" melts all kinds of knowledge in one furnace, running through unified thought, clear context and language training. Its advantages were later absorbed by Saint Amethyst.

Celebrity evaluation

Wang Shizhen, a master of ancient Chinese prose in the Ming Dynasty, called this book "a strange article".

In Qing Dynasty, Chu people were praised as "limited and coherent, without mistakes, making the finishing point".

Hu Shi said that he began to read the words "the world is mysterious and the universe is vast" from the age of five. After ten years as a university professor, he still doesn't understand the meaning of the above two words.

Gu Yue: "Scholars suffer from the difficulty of three warehouses, and thousands of books are easy, so primary school teachers still use them today."

Zhang Taiyan once said that comparing three with money has two shortcomings, that is, "words are repetitive and words are not gorgeous." Qian Zi Wen is a long poem that teaches Mongolian.

Brief introduction of the author

Zhou Xingsi, Chen Junxiang (now shenqiu county, Henan), died in Liang Wudi for two years. I am familiar with the world. I am knowledgeable and good at writing. During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, Bai An became the Minister of Fuzheng. Every time the emperor gave orders, he promoted his heirs to literary works, such as bronze inscriptions, inscriptions on Menchi and Wei Wen, and the second rhyme was Wang Xizhi's thousand words. Cheer every time you play. The official finally gave the matter. Xing Si wrote 100 volumes of Records of the Emperor, Records of the Emperor, Notes on Gathering, Official Documents, etc. And ten volumes of collected works, such as Liang Shu and A Record of the Two Tang Dynasties. However, the most widely circulated and oldest is the thousand-character script.