What does Xilin Gol mean? Recommended scenic spots in Xilingol grassland

Xilingol is Mongolian, which means rivers in hilly areas. Xilin Gol League is located in the north of Beijing, the capital of the motherland, in the middle of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, bordering Mongolia in the north, with the border line of 1098 km. It borders Chifeng City, Tongliao City and Xing 'an League in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region in the east, Wulanchabu League in the west and Chengde and Zhangjiakou in Hebei Province in the south, with a total area of 203,000 square kilometers.

It is the nearest frontier minority area to Beijing. The whole league governs 9 banners, 2 cities 1 county, and 3 autonomous region-level green industrial development zones. There are 24 ethnic groups in the League, including Mongolian, Han, Hui, Daur and Oroqen, with a total population of 920,000, of which the Mongolian population accounts for 29.6%. There are two land ports in Junggar, Erenhot and Dabuqi, among which Erenhot is a prefecture-level city with separate plans in the autonomous region. It is an open border city approved by the State Council and an important land bridge connecting Mongolia, Russia, Central Asia and Eastern Europe. Xilinle Grassland is a part of Inner Mongolia Plateau, with relatively flat and open terrain, and the usable area of high-quality natural grassland is 6.5438+0.8 million square kilometers.

Its terrain inclines from southeast to northwest, with many low hills in the southeast, sporadic basins and flat terrain in the northwest, and some low hills and lava terraces scattered among them. In the northeast is the Wuzhumuqin River Basin, with dense river network and abundant water resources. Hunshandake sandy land in southwest China is composed of a series of ridge sand belts, mostly fixed and semi-fixed sand dunes. It is 800- 1200m above sea level, cold, windy and dry, with an annual average temperature of 1-2 and a frost-free period of 90- 120 days. The annual precipitation is 150-400 mm from northwest to southeast, which belongs to the semi-arid continental monsoon climate in the middle temperate zone. Xilin Gol League has four distinct seasons, and the temperature rises rapidly in spring, which is windy and heavy in rainfall. It is cool and rainy in summer, and the rainfall change rate is large; Autumn is cool, sunny, windy and stable; Winter is long and cold, and the total snowfall is generally10-20 mm. Xilin Gol League has rivers and lakes. Most rivers are inland rivers, including Wulagai River, Balagan River, Xilingol River and Gostai River. The flowing river is the Luanhe River system. There are 1363 lakes embedded in the vast grassland with a total storage capacity of 3.5 billion cubic meters, including 672 freshwater lakes with a storage capacity of 2 billion cubic meters. There are four major lakes: Wulagai Lake, Chagannaoer Lake, Baiyinkulenor Lake and Haoletuinor Lake. The vast Xilin Gol prairie is rich in tourism resources, especially famous for its rich tourism resources and complete grassland types, including meadow grassland, typical grassland, semi-desert grassland and sandy grassland, with more than 200 kinds of aboveground plants/kloc-0.

There is one grassland nature reserve in Xilinguole, which is a national grassland nature reserve listed by UNESCO in the international biosphere network. Whenever summer comes, the charming Wuzhumuqin meadow grassland is a green ocean, with noble peony flowers and beautiful Shandan flowers competing to open, and white clouds floating in the endless blue sky. Shepherds ride horses, cattle and sheep play in the water, plus yurts and slow thunder, which will definitely make tourists who are integrated into nature feel relaxed and beautiful. The typical flowery Phaeton Xile grassland reproduces the beauty of cattle and sheep. The nine bends and eighteen bays of Xilin River, like white Hada, fall on the grassland, which can make you linger. When you step into this magical land, you will appreciate the history and culture of nomadic people in the north. The Xilin Gol prairie in history consists of five tribes from east to west: Wuzhumuqin, Haojit, Abaha Naer, Abaga and Su Nite.

From 65438 to 0958, Xilin Gol League and Chahar League merged into Xilin Gol League, and Chahar tribe merged into Xilin Gol Grassland. Among them, Chahar tribe is the golden family of Genghis Khan, the tent tribe of Mongolian Khan, and Abaga tribe is the descendant and subject of Genghis Khan's younger brother Berigaud Tai. Up to now, they still completely retain the nomadic culture and customs of the grassland, from clothing, diet and folk houses to songs and dances, weddings, ceremonies and festivals. It has an important position and representation in the history and culture of the whole Mongolian nation.

For example, the milk in Zhenglanqi was the best processed and became a tribute of the emperor. Zhengqi Mongolian is defined as the standard sound of modern Mongolian, that is, the common language of Mongolian, which only shows the central position of Xilin Gol prairie in Mongolian history and culture. There are the Qin Yanjin Ancient Great Wall and the world-famous Yuanshangdu site, which pass through the central grassland, as well as the elegant and solemn hungry rock paintings, Xuanshipo and Lima Peak left by the five northern expeditions of Ming Chengzu. Beizi Temple, one of the four major temples in Inner Mongolia, is dedicated to Baiyinchagan Aobao, a holy place where religion and Mongolian culture are integrated. The world-famous Tongur Basin, the hometown of dragon phobia, arouses your waves.

There are boundless, open and profound magnificent beauty here, as well as dynamic beauty of seeing cattle and sheep in the wind; There are also blue sky and white clouds, green grass, shepherds riding horses, and the beauty of harmony between man and nature. Xilin Gol League grassland has beautiful natural scenery, simple Mongolian customs, unique production and lifestyle, numerous cultural relics, long history and culture, pleasant summer climate and great tourism development potential. In recent years, the League Committee and Administrative Office of Xilin Gol League have attached great importance to the development of grassland tourism and listed it as one of the three characteristic industries. Relying on these rich grassland tourism resources, Ximeng has cultivated and developed horse riding, camel riding, archery, donkey riding, herding sheep, offering sacrifices to Aobao, Mongolian singing and dancing, costume performance, and experiencing the production and life of herders.

This paper introduces the Zhou Bianyou of Xilinhot natural grassland, the grassland ecological tour of Xilingol National Grassland Nature Reserve, the characteristic tour of nomadic tribes in Wuzhumuqin grassland, the rehabilitation and health care tour of Arshan Shengquan, the tour of grassland herders, the tour of grassland folk customs, the tour of grassland wedding, the tour of sand source control, the adventure tour of Yuanshangdu ruins and the tour of dinosaurs. Tourism activities are unique and colorful. Xilin Gol League has a perfect tourism management organization, unique scenic spots and a perfect tourism reception environment. There are tourism management agencies in all regions of the alliance, including 6 travel agencies (3 international travel agencies and 3 domestic travel agencies). There are more than 40 grassland scenic spots, including 5 scenic spots above AA level; Historical landscapes include Beizi Temple, Yuanshangdu Site, Shaanxi Guild Hall, Huizong Temple and Dinosaur Museum, among which Yuanshangdu Site is applying for world cultural heritage. There are more than 40 hotels in the alliance, including star-rated hotels 10. Xilinhot, which won the title of China Excellent Tourism City and National Health City, is the political, economic and cultural center of the whole league, and also the main distribution center of grassland tourism in the whole league.

It has more than 20 hotels with more than 2,000 beds. If you are lucky enough to come here, the beautiful environment and green grassland will be integrated with the whole city. The so-called city in the grassland, the grassland in the city, the mutton feast, hand-grabbed meat, Mongolian barbecue, mutton hot pot and other flavor meals reflect the profound connotation of Mongolian food culture. Listening to melodious Ma Touqin can not only arouse your lofty sentiments until you are intoxicated, but also arouse your feelings. Xilinle has convenient transportation and communication, and the tourism and shopping market is active. At present, Ximeng takes the location of Meng Qi as the center, with national highways and provincial highways as the backbone, forming a railway and highway transportation network extending in all directions, and the roads leading to various scenic spots have basically been blackened.

Xilinhot railway has been officially opened to traffic in synchronization with Jitong railway line, and the daily tourist train to and from Hohhot arrives at dusk. Xilinhot Airport can take off and land Boeing 737 and fly directly to Beijing, Dalian and Hohhot. There are flights every day during the tourist season. The widening and reconstruction of Zhangjiakou-Xilinhot section in 207 national highway and the completion of Beijing-Zhangjiakou Expressway have greatly shortened the travel time of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei and southern tourists to Xilingol Prairie. It takes about 4 hours to enter Xilinhot prairie from Beijing by land and 7 hours to arrive in Xilinhot city. The flight from Beijing to Xilinhot takes only 40 minutes, so the traffic is very convenient.

Communication within the Union is convenient and smooth, and a four-level information service network for rural and pastoral areas has been established, including the Union, Banner (county), Sumu (township) and Gacha (village), of which 60% of the Sumu (township) government has been connected to the network. The power supply is sufficient, the pace of urban infrastructure construction is accelerated, and the comprehensive service functions are constantly improved. The shopping market is very active. The All-China Federation has developed, designed and produced more than 400 kinds of flavor foods, handicrafts and souvenirs by using local meat, dairy products, bones, horns, wool, agate, plants, gold and silver metals, which can meet the tourism and shopping needs of tourists from different regions. Xilinle grassland attracts worldwide attention because it is a natural green treasure house with unparalleled grassland tourism ecological resources.

During the Tenth Five-Year Plan period, Xilin Gol League will seize the historical opportunity of the country's implementation of the western development, vigorously develop grassland tourism, continuously strengthen the construction of ecological environment and infrastructure, give policy and financial support, and increase investment in grassland tourism. On this basis, in the future, Ximeng will focus on developing domestic tourism and international tourism, highlighting the unique natural landscape and rich Mongolian customs of Xilingol prairie, building grassland tourist attractions (spots) that meet international tourism standards and tourism service facilities with unique ethnic characteristics, and strive to form a tourism reception service system with a certain scale before 20 10, and become a new grassland tourist area with ethnic characteristics in northern China.

Xilingol grassland has the bluest sky, whitest clouds, clearest wind, greenest grass and unique customs. In August, the Nadam grassland is golden, the autumn is crisp, and the cattle and sheep are fat. It is time for herders to celebrate the harvest. At this time, they began to brew koumiss, slaughter cattle and sheep, sew new clothes, prepare all kinds of delicious food, hold Nadam (Mongolian for entertainment) of different scales, and hold traditional sports competitions such as archery, wrestling and horse racing, which are called three wonders for men and women. Nadam usually lasts five to seven days. At this time, herdsmen dressed in brand-new national costumes, riding horses and driving horses, gathered from all directions. Set up a tent and make tea on the green grass, cook the meat. Smoke billowed across the grassland, and people cheered. Nadam originated in the early13rd century and played an important role in the lives of Mongolian people. At that time, whenever Mongolian leaders held a Le Tai (big gathering), apart from making laws and regulations, appointing and dismissing officials, rewarding and punishing them, they also held a large-scale Nadam.

At that time, Nadam's main events were archery, wrestling and horse racing. Today's Nadam has added many new contents, such as material exchange, cultural performances and so on. Let this traditional national event be more festive, auspicious, joyful and effective! Wrestling is the main content of Nadam, and it can't be called Nadam without wrestling. Wrestlers can be more or less, with a maximum of more than 1000 people, regardless of region and weight. After the wrestlers are paired, the single elimination system is adopted, and the losers are not allowed to compete again. The wrestler wears a tight half-sleeve vest made of cowhide or canvas, with bare arms covering his back and copper nails inlaid on the edge.

Wearing fat wrestling pants, Mongolian boots under your feet and colorful jingga made of five-color silks and satins around your neck marks how many places you have won. In most areas, wrestlers will sing wrestling songs before the competition. Wrestlers from both sides must jump at the entrance and finish line. At the referee's command, the two sides shook hands and began to confront each other. There is no time limit, and you are not allowed to hold your legs or kneel down.

Landing anywhere above the knee is a failure. All the wrestlers who participated in Nadam have prizes, and the top three prizes are more valuable than the Mongolian history that values the wrestlers in Dalhan. This is the honor of a lifetime. At the ceremony of awarding the honorary title, the wrestler who won the title of Dahan put on the full costume of the competition, sang three wrestling songs, and then jumped into the arena to perform. The leader who presided over Nadam gave him a badge to prove it.

Dinosaur Cemetery Tongur is located in Erlian, a pocket port city in the northwest of Xilin Gol League, near Erqi, Su Nite. This is the location of the famous dinosaur cemetery Tangur. There is a salt lake in the northeast of Erlian city 18 km, surrounded by the vast Gobi desert. About 60-70 million years ago, this vast Gobi Desert was a Wang Yang. The surrounding lakes are widely distributed, with lush trees and tropical and subtropical scenery.

Huge and fierce carnivorous dinosaurs, tall duck-billed dinosaurs, ostrich-like birds with unique Asian characteristics, haunt this green world. Later, with the violent movement of the crust, great changes have taken place in the geological structure of this area. During the crustal movement, dinosaurs and other reptiles who lived here for many years were buried underground. The vast water surface gradually evaporated due to the dry climate, forming today's Erlian Salt Pool. And this dinosaur cemetery has become a holy place for paleontologists and geologists all over the world. As early as the beginning of19th century, expeditions and expeditions from many countries went to Tongur.

At the beginning of this century, paleontologists excavated a large number of dinosaur fossils in Erlian area. Since then, the investigation has not been interrupted. By the end of 1950s, national paleontologists and geologists had unearthed two complete hadrosaurs and three carnivorous dinosaurs in Erlian area. So far, the dinosaur fossils found in Tongur include Bird Dragon in Asia, Alailong in Europe, Barkron in Jiangxi and Manchurian Dragon in Mongolia.

In recent years, a complete dinosaur fossil was excavated near Chagannaoer alkali mine in Sunite Right Banner, which is the largest and most complete dinosaur fossil in China and even in Asia. According to expert appraisal, this dinosaur fossil belongs to Lepidoptera and is the largest dinosaur family. It is 2 1 meter long, 6 meters high and weighs nearly 100 tons. It was named Chagannaoer dinosaur.