Brief answer to Principles of Management: Briefly describe the planning process?

The planning process mainly includes the following steps:

1, determine the target. Determining goals is the main task of decision-making work. Goals point out the direction for the whole organization, departments and members, and serve as a standard to measure actual performance. The goal structure describes the cooperative relationship between goals at all levels in the organization.

2. Recognize the present. Understanding the current purpose is to seek ways to achieve the goal. We should not only have an open spirit to put organizations and departments into a larger system, but also have a dynamic spirit to examine the changes and dynamic responses of the environment, opponents and organizations themselves over time.

3. Study the past. Studying the past is not only to get inspiration and reference from past events, but also to explore some laws that lead from the past to the present. Deduction and induction are the basic methods to explore the general law of the development of things.

4. Predict and effectively determine the important preconditions of the plan. Its importance lies not only in the clearer and deeper understanding of the preconditions, the more effective the planning work, but also in the more thorough understanding and agreement of the organization members on the use of consistent planning preconditions, the easier it is to coordinate the enterprise planning work. The most common important premise prediction method is Delphi method.

5. Make and choose a feasible action plan. Including the formulation of feasibility action plan, evaluation plan and selected plan. Making a feasible action plan requires making as many plans as possible.

6. Make major plans. Drawing up the master plan is to formally express the selected plan in words as a management document. The content of "5W 1H" should be clearly defined and described in the proposed plan.

7. Develop derivative plans. The basic plan needs the support of the derived plan. Derived plan refers to the relevant plan that needs to be made to assist and support the completion of the basic plan.

8. Make a budget and use it to digitize the plan. Budget preparation, on the one hand, is to make the planning index system clearer; On the other hand, it is easier for enterprises to control the implementation of plans, and quantitative plans have hard constraints.

Extended data:

In addition, when evaluating the action plan, we should pay attention to four points:

1, carefully check the constraints and hidden dangers of each plan;

2. The plan should be measured from the perspective of overall interests;

3. It is necessary to consider both tangible factors that can be expressed by quantity and intangible factors that cannot be expressed by quantity;

4. Check the effect of the plan dynamically, and make a comparative analysis of the benefits and losses.

In management practice, planning is the premise and foundation of other management functions, and it also permeates other management functions. Lenin pointed out: "Any plan is a scale, a criterion, a lighthouse and a road sign." It is the central link in the management process, so planning plays a particularly important role in management activities.

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