The four of us want to go to Beijing for a few days! More important tourist attractions! Like the Great Wall! Tiananmen! The Forbidden City! Summer Palace! Wait!

The Forbidden City has magnificent regulations, rigorous layout, exquisite architecture, richness and luxury, and many rare cultural relics. It is the essence of ancient architecture, culture and art in China. ..

You'd better go to the Forbidden City in the middle of the road. If time permits, you can take a walk on the west road.

meridian gate

The meridian gate is the main entrance of the Forbidden City, which is very magnificent. There are nine sides and five depths in the main hall of the rostrum, reflecting the Ninth Five-Year Plan. The main hall and the square pavilion with four corners are like five peaks, which are strewn at random, so they are also called "Five Peak Pagoda".

There are five doorways at the noon gate, three in Sanming and five in darkness. If you go to the Forbidden City again, you must find out where the other two doors are. Of course, the doorway in the middle is reserved for the emperor, but there are two kinds of people who can cross it. Guess who it is? Yes, the Queen of the Forbidden City, the top three in the court exam. The civil and military officials take the door on the left, the royal princes take the door on the right, and the other two doors are only used when the court is in session.

By the way, beheading at the meridian gate is just a legend, and there is no basis. Imagine how such a sacred place can be used for execution.

Gate of Supreme Harmony

Walking into the meridian gate, the square in front of Taihe gate is in front of you. The first thing I saw was five Jinshui Bridges. Standing on the Jinshui Bridge and looking to the left, it is the Xihe Gate leading to Wuying Hall. This Wuying Hall is the place where Li Zicheng ascended the throne in a hurry, the office of Regent Dourgen, and the place where a large number of books were edited in the middle and late Qing Dynasty.

Standing on the bridge and looking to the right, it is the Concorde Gate leading to the Cultural Center, which is even worse. This is the main hall of the Prince in the early Qing Dynasty, and it is also the place where famous banquet ceremonies are held. That's where the emperor gave lectures to ministers. The back hall of the cultural center is the famous Wen Yuan Pavilion. In those days, Emperor Qianlong compiled Sikuquanshu, wrote seven books and stored them in seven places. Wen Yuan Pavilion is one of them.

Right in front is Taihe Gate, which, together with Zhendu Gate on the left and Zhaode Gate on the right, forms the gate leading to the three halls.

Three Great Halls

The three halls of Taihe, Zhonghe and Baohe are the predecessors of the Forbidden City.

The Hall of Supreme Harmony, commonly known as the Golden Throne Hall, is the highest and largest palace in the Forbidden City and even the whole country. It has eleven outlines and double eaves, and is the place where the imperial court holds major ceremonies. Such as new year's day, winter solstice, longevity (emperor's birthday); Empress of the emperor, wedding, departure of military commanders, palace trial biography, etc.

The Zhonghe Hall is a square pavilion building, where the emperor prepares activities in the Hall of Supreme Harmony, and where the emperor checks utensils before offering sacrifices and performing farming (the emperor attends farming in Zhongnanhai once a year to show his respect for agriculture).

Baohe Hall was the place where princes and ministers were hosted on New Year's Eve in Qing Dynasty. This is also the place where palace examination, the highest imperial examination in Qing Dynasty, was held.

Ganqingmen

Gan Qing Gate, also known as Imperial Gate, is the gateway connecting the bedrooms of the former dynasty and the later dynasty, that is, the gate separating the former three palaces, namely the three halls and the latter three palaces.

It is here that people often say that the imperial gate listens to politics, which is the performance of the diligent emperor of the Qing Dynasty. The three imperial capitals of Kangxi, Yongzheng and Qianlong persisted well, but gradually decreased after Jiaqing, and Xianfeng was simply abolished after that. From then on, we can also see the gradual corruption of the Qing Dynasty.

When we get to Ganqingmen, we might as well look west. A row of rooms under the west wall of Ganqing Gate is the famous military department. Established in yongzheng emperor, built here near hall of mental cultivation. Once it was established, it gradually replaced the cabinet, which was the place where all important affairs were handled in the middle and late Qing Dynasty, and it was also the manifestation of the feudal ruling class's peak control over the central government.

Palace of Heavenly Purity

Gan Qing Palace is the largest of the last three palaces, and the emperor shunzhi's imperial pen "Fair and square" plaque is hung here. The secret letter in the secret storage system established by Yong Zhengdi is hidden behind the plaque.

Gan Qing Palace is the bedroom of the emperor before Kangxi in Qing Dynasty, and also the master bedroom of the emperor in the Forbidden City. After arriving in Yong Zhengdi, the emperor lived in hall of mental cultivation.

Speaking of cleaning the palace, I'll tell you a story. During the Jiajing period of the Ming Dynasty, the emperor's wanton persecution of ladies-in-waiting aroused their resistance. One morning, two concubines and more than a dozen maids tied a rope around Emperor Jiajing's neck while he was sleeping, and almost succeeded. However, because they were too nervous, they tied the rope into a dead button, and one of them ran out for help as soon as something happened. More than a dozen maids were executed this year. This is the famous "Jiajing Palace Change".

Jiaotaidian

Jiaotai Hall is the second hall of the last three palaces, and its architectural form is basically similar to that of Zhonghe Hall, but the scale is slightly smaller. In the Ming dynasty, she was the queen's bedroom, and in the Qing dynasty, it was the place where the queen received a salute on her birthday. In addition, the ancient copper pot dripping on the east side of the throne of Jiaotai Hall and the modern dzmz on the west side are the time benchmarks of the palace and even the whole city. Because the time of Shenwumen and Bell and Drum Tower is based on this.

Jiaotai Hall is also the place where 25 treasures are stored. These treasures are the national seals of Emperor Qianlong, symbolizing imperial power. There is also a story about the origin of the number 25. The Eastern Zhou Dynasty in ancient China was the longest and had the most generations. Emperor Qianlong hoped that there would be twenty-five generations in the Qing Dynasty, so he set the national seal at twenty-five. However, history played a joke on Emperor Qianlong. It took only ten generations for the Qing Dynasty to enter the customs from the emperor shunzhi, which was not what Emperor Qianlong imagined.

palace of earthly tranquility

Kunning Palace is the third of the last three palaces and the master bedroom of the Empress of the Ming Dynasty. In the Qing Dynasty, the second room in the east was set as the bridal chamber for the emperor's wedding, and the fifth room in the west was changed into a shrine dedicated to Shamanism. The sacrificial ceremony was presided over by a shaman's wife who was served by a satisfied woman. It can be seen that the male mage in Princess Huanzhu was invented by Miss Qiong Yao herself, and her knowledge in this field is obviously not as good as that of Mr. Jin Yong.

Shunzhi, Kangxi, Tongzhi, Guangxu and Puyi of the Qing Dynasty all used the new houses of Kunning Palace. Other emperors are useless, because they are all married in secluded houses.

Royal garden

After the Palace of Kunning, we came to the Royal Garden, with more than 20 pavilions, 160 ancient trees and two rockery pools. Qin 'an Hall is the central building of the Imperial Garden, which was built by Emperor Jiajing of the Ming Dynasty to worship Taoist gods.

Dui Xiushan is the tallest building in the courtyard, and there is a royal pavilion on the mountain, which is the place where the emperor climbed on the Double Ninth Festival in 1999. There are money pavilions and longevity pavilions on both sides of the garden. South of the two pavilions, there are nourishing Zhai and Xuexuan. Nourishing Zhai is the place where Puyi learns English.

At the northern end of the imperial garden is Shunzhen Gate, where Emperor Jiaqing was assassinated. When you leave Shunzhen Gate, you will arrive at Shenwumen, the central axis of the Forbidden City, and it will be over.

Dongliugong

Neidong Road is the same as Neixi Road, with Wudong Station in the north and Dongliugong in the south. The Sixth East Palace includes Zhongcui Palace, Chenggan Palace, Ren Jing Palace, Jingyang Palace, Yonghe Palace and Yan Xi Palace.

Among them, Empress Dowager Ci 'an lived in Zhongcui Palace. In addition, Yan Xi Palace is also famous, because the only western building in the Forbidden City is Yan Xi Palace, which is the Crystal Palace widely circulated among the people. Yan Xi Palace was destroyed by lightning during Daoguang period, so the rulers of Qing Dynasty decided to build a palace that was not afraid of fire during Xuantong period, and construction began on a palace made of white marble and glass. But in the middle of the project, the Qing Dynasty perished and the whole project was forced to stop. Do you want to see the western scenery in the Forbidden City? Then go to the Forbidden City ... By the way, I forgot to tell you that Yan Xi Palace is not open to the public, and you can't see it when you go.

From the East Sixth Palace to the south, you can reach Yuqing Palace and Zhai Palace. Yuqing Palace is the palace of the Prince of Kangxi Dynasty, and Prince Ren of Yongzheng Dynasty lived here. Qianlong gave way to Emperor Jiaqing, who still lives in hall of mental cultivation. Emperor Jiaqing lived in Yuqing Palace. In addition, Emperor Puyi also studied in Yuqing Palace. The fasting palace is the place where the emperor fasted before offering sacrifices to heaven and earth. Generally, I live in the fasting palace for the first two days and the fasting palace in the Temple of Heaven or Ditan on the last day. When fasting, I don't drink alcohol, eat onions, garlic, leeks and onions (thank you), pray, ignore the name of punishment, and don't sleep, but I can't help eating meat.

Ningshougong

Emperor Qianlong swore that he would only be emperor for sixty years, and then he was transferred to the crown prince. When he was in his sixties, he began to build a palace for his retirement. So he built the emperor's palace on the basis of Ningshou Palace. The whole palace group is also divided into two parts: the former dynasty and the later dynasty, with strict layout and luxurious decoration. Among them, Ningshou Palace Garden is the most well known.

There is a famous flowing cup pavilion in Ningshou Palace Garden. On March 3 every year, the emperor and several ministers sit around the pavilion, put the glass on the water, follow the water and stop in front of someone who will drink all the wine in the glass and write a poem. Yin Changting is the largest stage in the palace, located in the back bedroom of Ningshou Palace. He * * * is divided into three floors, and the bottom floor is 2 10 square meters. Beijing opera masters Mei Lanfang and Tan Xinpei have performed here.

Pearl lady's well

Speaking of real flying classics, I believe everyone is familiar with it. It is located at the northernmost part of Waidong Road and is the last stop to visit the Forbidden City.

Princess Zhen is the beloved princess of Emperor Guangxu. After the failure of the Reform Movement of 1898 (1898), Empress Dowager Cixi imprisoned Emperor Guangxu in a small courtyard next to Yingtai and Zhenfeijing in Zhongnanhai. She eats the servant's food, so she can't talk to people. On holidays, Empress Dowager Cixi sent eunuchs to reprimand her. In this way, Zhen Fei lived for three years. 1900, Eight-Nation Alliance attacked Peking. Just the day before Empress Dowager Cixi cooperated with Emperor Guangxu to escape, she sent Zhen Fei to Yihexuan. She told Princess Zhen that foreigners would come in. If the real princess is humiliated, she will lose all the face of the royal family, and it is not convenient to escape with her. Zhen Fei advocated that the emperor should stay in Beijing. Cixi became angry from embarrassment and ordered people to throw Zhen Fei into the well. Zhen Fei shouted all the way: "Emperor, I will repay your kindness in the afterlife."

In the second year after Zhen Fei's death, Cixi returned to Beijing from xi 'an. Princess Zhen's body was fished out and buried in the cemetery of the Ministry of Internal Affairs. After the death of Empress Dowager Cixi, Princess Zhen's sister Jin moved her tomb from the Ministry of Internal Affairs to chongling of Emperor Guangxu in two years of the Republic of China. If you visit the Qing Xiling Mausoleum, don't forget to visit the tomb of Princess Zhen in chongling.

Zhen Fei was not only troubled during her lifetime, but also restless after her death. Her tomb was stolen several years later, which also led to a thrilling story of the night thief Zhenfei's tomb.

western palace—residence supposedly assigned to imperial concubine or concubines

The West Sixth Palace includes Palace of Gathered Elegance, Yikun Palace, Yongshou Palace, Xianfu Palace, Changchun Palace and Taiji Hall.

The East Palace, the West Palace and the Sixth Palace are each a square with a width of 50 meters and a depth of 50 meters, which adopts the pattern of one front, two compartments and two houses.

Changchun Palace in the West Sixth Palace is famous for the murals of A Dream of Red Mansions. These murals were made during Guangxu period, when Empress Dowager Cixi lived here. These murals may have been painted at her instigation.

Palace of Gathered Elegance is also worth seeing. He still retains the original appearance of Empress Dowager Cixi on her 50th birthday. At that time, Empress Dowager Cixi ignored the national crisis and abandoned it. She demolished the Chuxiu Gate and merged it with the Yikun Palace, becoming a large courtyard with luxurious decoration and considerable cost.

Yangxintang

During the Yongzheng period, the emperor's residence was moved from Gan Qing Palace to hall of mental cultivation. Hall of mental cultivation is an I-shaped building, which is divided into two bedrooms, front and back, and connected by a hall in the middle. There are three rooms in the front hall, one in the middle is the place where the emperor summoned ministers to handle government affairs, and the other in the east is the place where "the curtain hangs on government affairs"; On the west, there is a plaque inscribed by Yong Zhengdi, where the emperor summoned the minister of military affairs.

The back hall of hall of mental cultivation is divided into five rooms, with two dragon beds in the east and two in the west. The easternmost bed is exquisite, which is said to be used by emperors and empresses, while the bed on the west is a little frugal, which is used by emperors and concubines.

The West Warm Pavilion of Yangxintang has the famous Sanxitang, which is famous for its three copybooks. They are Wang Xizhi's Quick Snow and Clear Post, Wang Xianzhi's Mid-Autumn Post and Wang Xun's Yuan Bo Post. Among the three posts, "A sunny post in the snow" is in Taipei, and the other two posts are now in the Forbidden City.

Hall of mental cultivation, West Sixth Palace and West Fifth Palace form Inner West Road, and there is a building on the west side of this road called Waixi Road. Cining Palace is the place where Empress Dowager Cixi lived. However, the buildings along this road are closed to the public. Fortunately, Waidong Road, where Tai Shang Huang lives, has been opened to the outside world, which can alleviate our regrets to some extent.

China palace

On both sides of the Imperial Garden are the East Fifth Courtyard and the West Fifth Courtyard, which are kindergartens in the palace. Emperor Qianlong lived in two of the West Five Institutes, so it became a secluded house, so Qianlong was converted into the Chinese Palace after he acceded to the throne.

Zhonghua Palace East Road is the famous Shufangzhai. Shu Fangzhai has a stage, second only to Yin Chang Pavilion. Every year on the third day of the first month, Emperor Qianlong held a tea party here to entertain the ministers of civil and military affairs. It can be seen that this place can't be used for little swallows.

As for Shu Fangzhai, everyone can only listen to my theory on paper, because this place is a restricted area and tourists are not allowed to enter. He is a resting place for national and foreign leaders when they visit the Forbidden City. I also hope that the netizens who come to this page can sit in the den one day.