How to get along with Indonesians and Thais?

The official language is Indonesian. There are about 300 national languages and dialects. When dealing with Indonesian businessmen, you should be familiar with the local customs there, which is very helpful for the communication between the two sides. Indonesians don't like being asked his name. In a country with complex races, people's customs vary widely. Sumatrans, for example, usually like to sleep in the highlands, while Javanese prefer to sleep on the floor. An obvious feature of Indonesians is that they are intimate friends, chatting about old feelings and being together can talk to each other. If you are a businessman, a customer or a friend with a general friendship, although you are polite and even speculative, it can only be a formal matter, and the real truth is not easy to say. Therefore, one or two meetings with Indonesians can't hold much hope. If you want to focus on the future, you should regard Indonesian businessmen as your friends and fully show your sincerity, so as to gain his trust.

In order to deepen the friendship with Indonesians, it must also be remembered that Indonesians like guests to visit their homes and are welcome to visit them at any time of the day. As a guest in Indonesia, you can see that every household, even if it is not very rich, is very particular about the layout of its living room. Visiting Indonesian families can increase emotional communication, which has become a trick to communicate with Indonesians. Business negotiation, if you can choose to hold it in Indonesia's home, it is the best thing, which can eliminate the gap between the host and the guest, and the effect of business negotiation is better. If the Indonesian home you go to is carpeted, you should take off your shoes before entering the house. You must take off your shoes when entering holy places, especially mosques.

Indonesians are very polite and never speak ill of others. Naturally, they don't like those who speak ill of others. When meeting Indonesians, they can shake hands or nod. In Indonesia, you can wear a suit, tie and trousers for a general business visit. Wear a suit when visiting government offices. Be sure to make an appointment in advance and be on time. Indonesia's trade is a strange business that does not distinguish between public and private. Most of the import and export business is handled by nine state-owned trading companies (Niagas). Indonesian businessmen are slow to make decisions, and business negotiations are generally very long. In order to get a good result, it is best to be prepared to stay for more than a week. The business community is good at giving gifts, especially giving gifts to each other. Prepare some small gifts for businessmen, officials and their wives during the visit. When invited to be a guest, you can bring a bunch of flowers to your host. Guests don't have to give gifts, but you'd better say a few words of thanks or write a note to express your gratitude. When talking, avoid talking about local politics, socialism and foreign aid to them.

In Indonesia, Islamic customs have a great influence. At present, there are more than 369,000 mosques and houses of worship on various islands in China (according to the statistics of Encyclopedia of Indonesia), and there are more than 4000 mosques and houses of worship in Jakarta alone. 1978, the Istanbul Mosque, completed in the center of Jakarta, is the largest and most magnificent mosque in Southeast Asia, with a capacity of more than 654.38+10,000 people. In Indonesia, some mosques are not allowed to enter, and local regulations must be strictly observed.

Generally speaking, people in Southeast Asian countries are approachable. The way to get along with Indonesians is not to frown. Don't mention Mrs. Debbie (a famous Japanese social butterfly who married former President Su Jianuo). Indonesians like to laugh best. They laugh when they feel comfortable, and laugh when they finish something smoothly. Laughter is another language for them They also like joking, and they even think that "laughing often" is a social etiquette. In Indonesia, a well-educated businessman should immediately give his business card to the other party when he meets for the first time. Otherwise, don't blame each other for treating each other coldly.

Sitting with Indonesians, I have the habit of greeting. Indonesians will meet strangers when traveling by train. If their share of food is delivered first, he must say hello to each other: "Let's come together, shall we?" The other party replied: "Thank you, please use it." Indonesians think their left hand is not clean. They are used to using their right hands and avoid using their left or both hands to get food and other items.

Indonesians have different customs, while Javanese believe in mystery and avoid talking about birthdays. Balinese women like to bare their backs to show their holiness. Guests who enter Shaqiang ethnic minority areas must shout loudly, otherwise they will be considered to have bad intentions.

Indonesia is a good place for tourists. There are many islands and beautiful scenery, which is worth visiting. Generally speaking, ethnic groups in Southeast Asia are very hospitable. When you visit a family, sometimes you will meet another person who is eating. In this case, Indonesians will definitely say "Come and have dinner with us". When you are invited to dinner, you are welcome. If you refuse politely, they will think you are impolite. In an Indonesian family, when you see a lovely child, don't touch his head. If you touch his head, the other person will face you.

Business activities, preferably from September to June, with more holidays in July and August. It rained continuously from February 65438 to February the following year. Every holiday is different. It is advisable to check clearly before going out, pay attention to food hygiene and don't drink raw water.

Indonesian dress etiquette

First of all, etiquette and etiquette

In Indonesia, when people sit down, their legs should not be crossed. If you have to do this, you should put the knee of one leg on the knee of the other. In Bali, sit with your legs flat on the floor. If you point your toes or soles at others, it will be considered an insult to others. Indonesians do not like foreigners kissing in public. If people summon children and tricycle drivers, they can use gestures, but on other occasions, they should extend their fingers down from their palms and bend inward, so don't use them.

Indonesians don't like yawning in person. If it is difficult to control, cover your mouth with your right hand. It is considered impolite or impolite to put your hands on your hips when talking to others. Indonesians often use laughter to hide their shock, but they are disgusted with laughing at others' mistakes and can't imitate anyone's actions, otherwise they will hurt their feelings. Indonesia does not eat or walk in the street, which is considered impolite, nor does it shake hands or touch others with its left hand. In Indonesia, you have to take off your sunglasses when talking to others or entering other people's homes.

Second, meet etiquette

Indonesians are friendly and accessible. When they meet guests in social situations, they are generally used to shaking hands and meeting acquaintances or friends. The traditional etiquette is to hold your chest in your right hand and say hello to each other. Pay more attention to the name when introducing formally. Most middle-class Indonesians have two names, while many lower-class people have only one name. Rich people usually have long surnames and first names, so they only choose a short name and an abbreviation. When addressing others, you can only use their first names, not their last names.

Third, catering etiquette.

Indonesians take rice as their staple food, and non-staple food mainly includes fish, shrimp and beef, but they don't like sea cucumbers. Muslims don't eat pork, vegetables with bones and juice, and fish bellies.

Indonesians are used to eating western food. Influenced by local Chinese, they generally like Chinese food. People are generally used to grasping food with their right hand, except that they sometimes use knives and forks in formal occasions. They have the habit of drinking cold boiled water while eating, and they also like to drink wine and mineral water. And generally don't drink hard liquor.

Invited by the host to eat at home, guests should wait for the host's invitation before eating or drinking, don't talk much when eating, and leave some food on the plate after eating. As a guest, you shouldn't make special demands on food or ask for things like salt.

Fourth, funeral etiquette.

The funeral etiquette of Muslims in Indonesia is similar to that of Muslims in evil countries. Other ethnic groups in Indonesia have their own characteristics in funeral etiquette. Indonesian elegant men and women love to draw each other's faces with charcoal to express their love. Their wedding was held on a grindstone. At the wedding, the two newlyweds dressed in beautiful national costumes stood on it according to the position of women left and men right, holding the "affinity network" together. At the same time, the elder presided over the pig killing ceremony, and pig blood was sprinkled on sawdust and a sword. In terms of funeral etiquette, Traian people in Bali hold funerals after their deaths. It only applies to the dead, and other people who died of murder or suicide cannot be buried in heaven. Among the many ethnic festivals in Indonesia, one has the longest interval, that is, the Eka Dasa rudra Festival of Balinese. It is held once every one hundred years, and the year must be a multiple of one hundred years.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) business etiquette

Indonesians pay special attention to sending business cards. When meeting for the first time, guests should give their business cards to their hosts, otherwise they will be cold to them. Business cards are written in English.

Indonesians like a calm tone, a humble attitude and a good desire to seek agreement. Therefore, when negotiating with them, you should be modest and lower your voice. In Indonesia, don't hurt the feelings of public servants.

When visiting Indonesian businessmen, you should bring a gift. Accepting gifts means taking on some responsibilities. Indonesians generally like fruits and cosmetics. Young people like university T-shirts or notebooks with university logos. Accept gifts from others, but don't open the package to your face. Indonesian businessmen like banquets. As a guest, you should repay others with the same standard before returning to China.

Travel etiquette of intransitive verbs

To travel to Indonesia, you must first ask for a tourist map at the tourist center. Indonesia, like Britain, drives on the left. On the bus, people who are sitting should take things for people who are standing, and men should give their seats to women. All this is worth giving your seat to the old man. When getting on and off the bus, don't wait for the bus to come to a complete stop, because the bus is moving all the time. Just call a taxi in the street and wave. Trains are usually crowded, so you should book tickets in advance. When you stay, you can bargain except for high-end hotels. If you want to stay in a cheap place, you can find a small mixed hotel. Don't use hot water when taking a bath in our shop. Hot water is not used for bathing. In Indonesia, the prices of big department stores are fixed, while in other stores, you must bargain hard, but be friendly when bargaining. Besides, you should have small change ready when shopping. There is no tradition of tipping in Indonesia.

On the streets of Indonesian cities, people can find public telephones, put in 50 rupees once and automatically disconnect after three minutes.

The taxi tip is 10%, hotels often add 10% to the bill, and the tip for other services is 100 ~ 200 rupees each.

Seven, the main taboo

Indonesians are forbidden to pass things or food with their left hand. It is taboo for someone to touch a child's head, which is considered to be ill-bred. Avoid mice and turtles. Talking with Indonesians should avoid political, religious and other topics. Naked sunbathing is illegal in Indonesia.

Religious beliefs in Indonesia

Indonesia is a multi-religious country, and the government implements the policy of freedom of religious belief. About 87% of Indonesia's citizens believe in Islam, which is the country with the largest Muslim population in the world. But according to the principle of separation of church and state, Islam is not a state religion. In the revision of the Constitution in August 2002, the proposal to write Islamic law into the Constitution was not adopted. In addition, Protestants in Indonesia account for 6. 1% of the national population, Catholicism accounts for 3.6%, Hinduism accounts for 2%, Buddhism accounts for 1%, and the rest are primitive fetishism.

President Megawati has made remarkable achievements in safeguarding national unity and national unity. At present, ethnic and religious conflicts in Indonesia have eased significantly. The conflict between Islam and Christianity in Maluku, which started at 1998, has caused more than 3,000 deaths and left 220,000 refugees homeless. In 2002, under the mediation of the government, the two sides signed the marino Declaration, which basically ended the religious armed conflict. After taking office, President Susilo also promised to eliminate religious conflicts.

Indonesia is a country dominated by Islam and coexisting with many religions. Generally speaking, shopping malls and office buildings have special places for Muslims to pray. As Indonesia is the country with the largest number of Muslims in the world, we should attach great importance to Islamic etiquette. When Islamic acquaintances meet, they not only exchange greetings, but also recite the greetings of "God bless you" and often say polite words such as "please", "thank you" and "sorry". Elegance, humility and kindness are recognized virtues of Muslims. Religion plays a decisive role in Muslim life. Devoted believers go to the mosque to bow down five times a day, take off their shoes before bowing, and then take a bath by themselves. Generally speaking, mosques maintain a quiet and solemn atmosphere.

Most Muslims are very hospitable. When visiting a friend's house, dress neatly and show respect to the elders at home; Spitting and picking your nose are taboo behaviors for everyone; Praise the host's cooking while eating; According to the canon, don't drink spirits or eat pork, so don't give Muslims alcoholic gifts.

Men should not reach out to female Muslims (usually people wearing veils).

September is the Muslim "Ramadan". During Ramadan (generally from June 165438+ 10 to February 65438+2), all Muslims do not eat or drink during the day, but only eat after sunset, and are not allowed to eat or smoke from sunrise to sunset 12 hours. If someone breaks the canon, he will be punished.

In some parts of Indonesia, there are also taboos about feet and opponents. You must take off your shoes before entering the mosque for worship. It's impolite to open doors and point at things with your feet. Don't use your left hand when sending and receiving items. When calling and greeting people, it is forbidden to use your hands casually, especially your index finger, which is considered as disrespect to people.

The Kingdom of Thailand, referred to as Thailand, was formerly known as Siam. /kloc-0 changed its name to Thailand in June, 939, meaning "King of Thailand". The area is 510.4 million square kilometers. With a population of 56.2 million, 95% of the residents believe in Buddhism, which is the state religion. The king is the highest patron saint of Buddhism and enjoys the Buddhist calendar. Thai etiquette follows Buddhist etiquette. There are more than 260,000 monks in China. Every 20-year-old man has to be a monk for three months, and at least three days before he can become an adult, and the royal family is no exception. Thailand has more than 40,000 temples and 65,438+10,000 pagodas, ranking first in Southeast Asia. Thai is the national language. The capital Bangkok. At present, the Kingdom of Thailand implements constitutional monarchy and cabinet system. The cabinet is in charge of administrative power and consists of 40 cabinet members. 1978 12.22. Thailand has a new constitution and a bicameral parliament. The 225 members of the Senate are nominated by the Prime Minister and the President of the Senate and appointed by the King of Thailand. The House of Representatives has 324 members, elected by the people. Thailand is a member of ASEAN. Thailand is located in Southeast Asia, with a long coastline and many temples. In order to increase foreign exchange income, the Thai government attaches great importance to tourism, and has established many hotels and tourist facilities in the capital Bangkok and Pattaya to attract foreign tourists. 1987 Thailand has designated it as the year of tourism, with 3.5 million tourists coming to Thailand and foreign exchange income of nearly 2 billion US dollars, an increase of 32% over the previous year. Tourism has become a cash cow in Thailand. Thais prefer red and yellow to brown. People pay attention to advertising and packaging. Trademarks and costumes are all in bright colors. It is customary to use colors to indicate different dates: Sunday is red, Monday is yellow, Tuesday is pink, Wednesday is green, Thursday is orange, Friday is light blue, and Saturday is purple. People often wear different colors according to different dates. White used to be used for funerals, but now it is changed to black. The national flag of Thailand consists of red, white and blue. Red represents the nation and symbolizes the strength and dedication of people of all ethnic groups. White represents religion and symbolizes the purity of religion. Thailand is a constitutional monarchy, the king is supreme, and blue represents the royal family. The blue center symbolizes the royal family between people of all ethnic groups and pure religion. As the saying goes, "When in Rome, do as the Romans do". Anyone who comes to Thailand on business must pay attention to observing Thai customs and etiquette, otherwise it is easy to misunderstand. Thais believe that there are immortals living under the threshold, so don't set foot on the threshold of Thai house. Historically, Thais usually don't like taking risks in business and are very cautious. They would rather rely on their own strength, many a mickle makes a mickle than borrow a lot and invest on a large scale. Because of being too cautious and not trusting others easily, many enterprise departments have a strong family color. Thai businessmen attach great importance to interpersonal relationships. In their view, instead of fighting with each other and trying to get some benefits, it is better to give these benefits to those honest and humane opponents. For goods, they pay more attention to quality than brand. As long as the goods are genuine, even unknown products can be recognized. Besides, like most people in China, they attach great importance to face and other people's views on their appearance. If the other party can get psychological satisfaction, the negotiation can undoubtedly be carried out in a very harmonious atmosphere. People say that Thailand is a "smiling country" and they are particularly friendly to foreigners. Almost all business objects are overseas Chinese enterprises. Like overseas Chinese in other countries, business should be based on personal trust, and formal contracts are still easy to be despised. The streets in the city are chaotic. It goes without saying that even during the day, they are often crowded, and it takes time to take action. In Thailand, arguing with others in full view and acting excessively will be considered the most shameful behavior by Thais. Because the left hand is considered unclean, it is necessary to exchange business cards and accept items with the right hand. It is wise to wear a suit when visiting government offices. Business people can wear shirts and ties when they meet. Visiting a large company or government office requires an appointment in advance, and it is polite to be on time. Business cards in English, Thai and Chinese should be printed in two days. Thai people attach great importance to people's heads but despise people's feet. They think that the head is the soul and sacred. Remember not to touch other people's heads-even children's heads (China people often touch their own heads because they love children). Thais consider it a great shame to be touched on the head. For another example, when the elders are present, the younger generation must sit underground or kneel down to avoid being higher than the elders' heads, otherwise it is disrespectful to the elders. People sitting also avoid others holding things above their heads. If you hit the child on the head with your hand, you think you will get sick. Thais can't sleep with their heads facing west, because sunset symbolizes death in the west. Thais only turn their heads to the west after death. So Thai people are used to facing north when building houses, so they can sleep with their heads facing south. Thais especially respect the Buddha and the king, who are supreme in the eyes of Thais, and must not comment on them in front of Thais. In front of Thai people, it is impolite to sit cross-legged or face people with the soles of your shoes. Whether sitting or standing, don't let the Thai people see the soles of your feet clearly. Never show your soles when you sit down in a business negotiation, because it is considered very impolite and unfriendly in Thailand. Feet can't be used for anything other than walking. If you lift the door with your feet, you will be spurned by the locals. Pointing at people with your feet is also impolite. It is difficult for Thais to make a decision on one thing, and outsiders should never show impatience. Business entertainment is meticulous and tiring. When dealing with Thai businessmen, don't brag about your country's economy, and don't ask how many wives each other has. In Thailand, it is best to carry traveler's checks or cashier's checks and use less cash. The security situation in Thailand is not very good. Avoid walking alone or taking a mobile taxi at night. In Thailand, if tourists make rash moves towards temples, Buddha statues and monks, they will be regarded as "guilty". Be especially careful when shooting Buddha statues. For example, if people think that the Buddha statue is so big and fun, riding on it is likely to cause a big storm. Tourists have been punished for stepping on the Buddha statue to take pictures. When entering a private house or temple in Thailand, you must take off your shoes or sandals. You must walk barefoot from the entrance to the temple. When visiting a local family, if you find a Buddhist altar in the room, you have to take off your shoes and socks at once, and the person wearing a hat must also take off his hat at once. The status of monks is extremely lofty. Therefore, businesses must "do as the Romans do" and not be careless. In order to receive monks, business negotiations often have to make concessions. When you visit Thailand, you can see handicraft shops selling Buddha statues everywhere. When you buy Buddha statues, you should respect them very much. Never treat them as playthings, place them at will or move them roughly, which will cause unhappiness to Thai people. Thailand has regulations on the time of selling alcohol: it is not allowed to sell alcohol after 2 am, which is a national law. Unless it is quite westernized, Thai people do not shake hands when they meet, but put their hands together on their chests. When you first arrive in Thailand, you should pay attention to the gesture of local people crossing their hands to meet. It is called "wai" in Thai, and outsiders can salute in the same way. The higher the hand is raised, the more respect it shows to the guests, but the height of the hand cannot exceed the eyes. Generally speaking, the palm should be folded between the forehead and the chest. Note that those who are in a lower position or younger should salute each other first. Only monks are free. They don't have to cross their hands at anyone. Even if you meet the king and queen of Thailand, you don't have to reciprocate, just nod and smile. Thais do not address each other by their surnames, such as Mr. Chen, Mr. Li and Ms. Zhang, but by Mr. Jianguo, Mr. Wang and Ms. When visiting Thai families, take off your shoes before entering the house. In the communication with Thai people, you can send some small souvenirs, and the gifts should be packaged in advance. Sending flowers is also appropriate. Shopping in Thai stores, except department stores and bookstores, the price tag is just a decoration, which is often two or three times higher than the actual price. You should learn how to bargain with the shopkeeper when you buy something. Thais will never sign their names with a red pen, because it is their custom to write their surnames on coffins with a red pen after death. Dogs are taboo patterns in Thailand. The best time for business activities is from June 165438+ 10 to March of the following year, with a pleasant climate. Local raw water is not drinkable. The water in hotels and restaurants is bottled drink water sold in the market, so there should be no problem. According to customs regulations, 200 cigarettes, 50 cigarettes or half a pound of tobacco can be brought in duty-free The entry and exit limit is 500 baht. Foreign currency is not limited, the amount is reported by the customs in advance and can be taken out when going through customs. If you don't declare, you may have trouble when you leave the country. The currency of Thailand is Thai baht. Taxi tip is 10%, but you can't give it. From Bangkok airport to downtown, there are minibuses available. Don't take a white taxi. The bus does not indicate the driving location, only the serial number. It's hard to ride before you get used to it. Restaurants and hotels added a tip of 10% to the bill. Other services give 3 ~ 5 baths at a time.