What method is more effective in controlling formaldehyde?

Comparison of in addition to formaldehyde, ammonia, benzene and TVOC technologies.

At present, most families mainly rely on: air fresheners and perfumes, air purifiers, negative oxygen ions, photocatalysts, activated carbon and other products to solve indoor and indoor air odor, decoration pollution and other problems. Some families put green plants and fruit peels indoors and ventilate for a long time to purify the air, but only rely on ventilation and green plants to purify the air. One is to treat the symptoms, not the root cause, and the other is that the adsorption capacity is very limited.

Green plants and fruit skins

Chinese rose and Chinese rose absorb sulfur dioxide; Osmanthus fragrans has the function of vacuuming; Peppermint has bactericidal effect; Ivy and cycads absorb benzene; Removal of trichloroethylene by Evergreen and Daisy: Taro argentea, Chlorophytum, Aloe Vera and Eupatorium odoratum absorb formaldehyde. The air purification effect of plants is related to the number of plants placed indoors, so it is difficult for ordinary families to place a large number of the same plants for a long time.

The fruit or fruit skin placed in the car is the fruit aroma produced by itself to cover up the peculiar smell in the car, which will not cause chemical reactions such as decomposition, and will easily rot and deteriorate in a short time, resulting in secondary pollution.

Air fresheners and perfumes:

Releasing a high concentration of fragrance in space affects the sensitivity of the sense of smell to other smells, in fact, it is to cover up the smell.

Advantages: the product contains essence and perfume, which can cover up the odor, solve the problem of air odor in a short time and in a small range from the sense of smell, and has low cost.

Disadvantages: it only plays the role of covering up odor, and has no effect on pollutants, bacteria, etc. The air freshener itself has low toxicity, especially the inferior air freshener contains harmful substances, which will cause secondary pollution. So it is not recommended.

Air purifier:

The air purifier adopts filter screen adsorption technology, and the motor active fan filters the air and releases it again. As the most basic purification technology at present, it is applied to most air purifiers.

Advantages: strong fluidity and adsorption capacity, and can effectively adsorb harmful substances (such as dust, particles, free molecules, bacteria, etc.). ) In the indoor air.

Disadvantages: The filter screen can only be temporarily adsorbed, and it can't react to decompose harmful gases. Moreover, with the increase of temperature and wind speed, the adsorbed pollutants may be released, so the filter material should be replaced frequently to avoid adsorption saturation. It needs long-term power supply, and the use site is limited by the model and power, so it is impossible to achieve the overall indoor odor removal and in addition to formaldehyde effect.

Activated carbon:

Using the high specific surface area of activated carbon or carbon fiber, harmful chemical gases in the air are chemically adsorbed, so as to achieve the purpose of purifying chemical pollutants, which has a certain effect on purifying volatile organic compounds and odors in the room.

Advantages: simple to use, can be placed in the car or near indoor pollution sources to purify the air, and can adsorb some pollutants in a short time (5-7 days), mainly for volatile organic compounds and odors. Physical adsorption, the product itself has no secondary pollution.

Disadvantages: When the temperature and wind speed rise to a certain extent, the adsorbed pollutants may come out and re-enter the breathing space. Activated carbon adsorption has no purification effect on bacteria and other microorganisms. Activated carbon can easily reach adsorption saturation. When the adsorption reaches saturation and no longer has adsorption capacity, the filter material must be replaced. If it is not replaced in time, the pollutants it absorbs will be released at any time, causing secondary pollution. After the active adsorption is saturated, it needs to be activated before it can be used again.

Formaldehyde scavenger/formaldehyde scavenger

Eliminating formaldehyde through chemical reaction can reduce and reduce formaldehyde pollution in indoor and car air to a certain extent. When in use, formaldehyde scavenger (with strong oxidation) is generally sprayed in the air or on the front and back of wood raw materials, as well as on the inner walls of furniture, gaps in boards, drawers and seats. When the unpainted surface is used, formaldehyde scavenger is generally sprayed on the surface of furniture (which has a strong weakening effect).

Advantages: eliminating formaldehyde through chemical reaction can reduce and reduce formaldehyde pollution in indoor air to a certain extent in a short time. In addition to formaldehyde of wood products (especially bare wood products) has obvious effect in a short time.

Disadvantages: Formaldehyde scavenger only aims at eliminating formaldehyde, and has no effect on benzene, ammonia, TVOC, bacteria, etc. There is nothing to do with the harmful gases that are continuously discharged in the later period. Many formaldehyde scavengers have strong oxidizability, which will damage the surface of plastic parts such as seat skin and dashboard coating. Many products have certain toxicity and are not suitable for cars and inhabited environments. It is a limited and simple emergency treatment method, which can not achieve the purpose of non-toxic and harmless removal of formaldehyde.

Ozone purification

There are three oxygen atoms in ozone, which is extremely unstable and easy to release active oxygen. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) is highly oxidizing and can react with harmful gases in the air quickly, thus purifying the air. Suitable for the whole polluted space.

Advantages: Ozone is a strong oxidant, which can directly oxidize some organic substances in the air into carbon dioxide and water, and has the function of purifying organic substances, with obvious effect in a short time.

Disadvantages: When used for disinfection, relatively high concentration is required. When the ozone concentration reaches above 0. 1PPM, ozone will play a role in sterilization and deodorization. However, when it reaches 0. 15PPM, ozone itself will give off a strong stench, and its use environment should not exceed 30℃, otherwise it may cause cancer. The harsh use conditions limit its popularization in civil environment. Ozone itself is toxic and needs to be controlled. It is not completely suitable for inhabited environment. Breathing high-concentration ozone air for a long time can lead to shock, emphysema and pulmonary fibrosis. In addition, ozone has adverse effects on rubber products, paper and fabrics. Generally, a treatment can last for 7- 10 days, and the harmful gases discharged continuously in the later period have nothing to do with it. Moreover, there are many kinds of ozone purifiers, some of which are very oxidizing, so they can't be in the same environment as man and machine, and are suitable for workflow management. Some of them have weak oxidation, can coexist with human and machine, and are suitable for health care.

Pay attention to the use method when using, such as the oxidation time should not be too long, so as not to damage the goods.

Negative oxygen ion technology

Negative oxygen ion technology has a significant effect on purifying second-hand smoke pollution and eliminating indoor odor. Negative oxygen ion technology refers to the application of air negative ion generator and is also a basic purification technology. Negative ions are gas ions with negative charges in the air, also known as "negative oxygen ions". Negative ions have sedative, hypnotic, analgesic, appetite stimulating and blood pressure lowering functions. After a thunderstorm, people feel comfortable because the negative ions in the air have increased. Air negative ions can reduce pollutants, nitrogen oxides and active oxygen (oxygen free radicals) produced by cigarettes in the atmosphere, and reduce the harm of excessive active oxygen to human body; Neutralize the positively charged air dust, settle without charge and purify the air.

Advantages: The negative oxygen ion purifier can effectively enhance the oxygen carrying capacity of blood by about 20%, effectively promote human metabolism, improve sleep, effectively eliminate high-voltage static electricity generated by computers and televisions, protect eyesight, and release trace ozone at the same time, which has certain sterilization and disinfection effects.

Disadvantages: negative oxygen ions have a short life in air and need to be released continuously; The purification effect of formaldehyde and benzene series caused by decoration is very general, so you need to make a different choice.

photocatalyst

Photocatalyst technology is a technology that uses new composite nano-high-tech functional materials, that is, photocatalytic reaction. The principle of action is briefly summarized as follows: Photocatalyst (photo

Catalyst), also known as photocatalyst (light

Catalyst) is a semiconductor material represented by titanium dioxide (TiO2), which can promote chemical reactions without changing itself under the irradiation of light, and has a catalytic effect. Under the irradiation of light source, it can use the energy of light source with specific wavelength to produce catalytic action (redox reaction), so that oxygen and water molecules around it are excited into active free radicals, which can decompose almost all organic substances and some inorganic substances harmful to human body or environment.

Advantages: Photocatalytic technology has wide practical effect and high purification efficiency.

Disadvantages: Photocatalysts can only work under ultraviolet radiation. If you can't get sunlight and want to activate the photocatalyst, you must add an ultraviolet lamp to emit ultraviolet light, so the general photocatalytic purification devices are equipped with ultraviolet lamps (wavelength is 254nm or 365nm). But too much ultraviolet light is harmful to human body, so it is necessary to avoid ultraviolet radiation. In addition, the treatment of photocatalyst is mainly sprayed on the surface of furniture. In the process of construction, photocatalyst particles will fall off and be inhaled into the human body, causing harm. In addition, custom-made furniture is used in home improvement now, and the furniture is close to the wall. It is difficult to spray paint on the back of furniture, resulting in formaldehyde dead angle. Photocatalyst is a kind of catalyst originated in Japan, which can react with ultraviolet rays and decompose formaldehyde (HCHO) into carbon dioxide and water. However, due to the high dependence on ultraviolet rays, it is basically not used in Japan now (the Japanese now use a plant extract to treat plates and decorate), but photocatalyst is still widely used in some families in China.

It is said that the Japanese invented the photocatalyst, why didn't it be widely used?

1965 Japan uses photocatalyst to spray home walls, which plays the role of disinfection, sterilization and air purification. Later, it was found that it was very harmful to human body after construction. Because nanoparticles will fall off constantly and cannot stick to soft tissues and walls, the owner will inhale these nanoparticles through breathing. Because the particles are too small and reach the nanometer level, they will directly enter the blood circulation through the lungs, which is similar to the harmful principle of PM2.5, and its harm even greatly exceeds that of PM2.5. Although the construction workers always wear gas masks when spraying, it greatly increases the probability of cancer for the construction workers. After discovering this major problem, the Japanese decisively eliminated the use of photocatalyst nano-titanium dioxide in walls and other materials.

enzyme

Biological enzyme adopts the principle of biological decomposition. Many microorganisms in the product can produce biological enzymes through their own reproduction. Under the double action of microorganism and enzyme, the organic matter of odor source is completely decomposed to produce carbon dioxide and water. Harmful substances are released and decomposed at the same time, forming a stable reticular film on the surface of pollution sources, and enzymes can decompose some pollutants.

Advantages: Because the biological enzyme is protein extracted from plants, harmful gases such as formaldehyde are dissolved in protein, and formaldehyde is converted into water and carbon dioxide by using its similar compatibility principle, the whole process is non-toxic, non-corrosive, non-irritating and non-secondary.

Disadvantages: Enzymes have a long life, so if they are used, they will be treated repeatedly every once in a while. They can't "live forever" and not consume themselves. At first, biological enzyme was used for sewage treatment, and later it was used in in addition to formaldehyde, and the effect was one-off. If a new pollution source enters later, it must be reprocessed. The biological enzyme itself needs nutrition and consumption, so the action time is not long, and it can only last for 8- 15 hours. That is to say, if there is formaldehyde in the room, the formaldehyde content in the room can be reduced to a certain extent, but it must be sprayed for a long time to have a certain effect. If it is sprayed only once, it is impossible to remove indoor pollutants, and it is basically sprayed every day; Moreover, biological enzymes are specific, and an enzyme can only act on a substance or a class of substances with similar molecular structures to promote a chemical reaction and produce a reaction product; In addition, biological enzymes are also affected by environmental temperature, and the highest catalytic efficiency will be achieved under the most suitable environment (temperature, PH, etc.). ); And some biological enzymes sometimes give off a sour taste, which is not very good to smell.

diatom ooze

The main component of diatom mud is diatomite, which is powdery in appearance. It contains protein, which is light, soft and porous. Electron microscope shows that there are countless micropores on the surface of its particles, the porosity is above 90%, and the specific surface area is as high as 65㎡/g/g ... It is this prominent molecular lattice structure that determines its unique function and has strong physical adsorption performance and ion exchange performance.

Uses: large area wall coating.

Advantages: Diatomite, the main component of diatom mud, has 5000~6000 times more pores than activated carbon, so it has strong adsorption capacity. Can quickly absorb the odor produced by formaldehyde, benzene, radioactive substances, pets, smoking and domestic garbage in the air; Because of its porous surface structure, it has the effects of sound absorption, heat insulation and heat preservation.

Disadvantages: Because diatom mud is physically absorbed, with the increase of service life, the absorption rate decreases. Once saturated, harmful substances are released again with the increase of indoor temperature. It has antibacterial function but no antibacterial function. In addition, diatomite itself is as non-sticky as sand, so viscous substances must be added to diatom mud. Whether this substance is a chemical resin or a natural material will block the pores of diatom mud and directly affect the functionality of diatom mud. And the smell in the car can't be used.

Plant extract

Plant extract is the latest and most environmentally friendly technology at present. Its technical core is to use natural plant extract as working liquid to control and eliminate odor, and cooperate with advanced spraying technology or spraying process to quickly decompose odor molecules into non-toxic and odorless molecules, thus achieving the purpose of eliminating odor. The product is a pure plant non-chemical substance, and this process will never produce secondary pollution. For the follow-up pollution control, there are also corresponding supporting slow-release equipment to cooperate. This technology was developed by the Canadian team and is widely used in China's military industry. However, Beijing Acood Company seems to cooperate with ECOLO Company, and its products and technologies are completely copied from abroad, and the domestic market is gradually developed, and it is being gradually promoted for civil and commercial use.

Disadvantages: Because the extract is directly extracted from more than 300 kinds of plants, it is pure natural, so it is irritating to people who are allergic to pollen, so people who are allergic to pollen should use it with caution; In addition, because the extract is taken from pure plants, it will have a certain plant taste, but it is fresh and fragrant, which needs to be considered for enterprises and individuals who require no smell. Because chemicals need to be added in order to remove the taste of the plant extract itself, the research and development team in Canada insists on the pure botany of the extract and does not agree to add any chemical components, so the smell is preserved; Moreover, the atomization equipment sprays the plant extract into the air, which takes time to react with odor molecules or toxic and harmful substances. The complete reaction may need to be sealed for a period of time, which may affect the business hours of hotels, hospitals, shopping malls and other places, so this is also a problem to be considered.

Comparison of Plant Extracts with Other Cleaning Products

The main advantages of plant extracts are pure plants, non-chemical substances and absolutely no secondary pollution.

1. Advantages of air needle freshener and fruit peel: not to cover up the odor.

2. Advantages of the air purifier: it is not simply adsorption storage, but decomposition of odor.

3. Advantages of activated carbon: no secondary pollution.

4. Advantages of formaldehyde scavenger: it can not only remove formaldehyde, but also completely remove odor factors, which is non-toxic and harmless.

5. Advantages of ozone: it is not limited by civil industry and does not produce oxidation effect on furniture and plant leather. Confined space can be constructed by people and machines without risk.

6. Advantages of diatom mud: no additives, pure plant extraction, and can also be used in cars.

7. Advantages of photocatalyst: it will decompose odor molecules by itself, without any chemical reaction, and will not cause secondary damage; Completely non-toxic and harmless, and will not have any impact on the human body; Molecular flow will decompose all substances in the air, leaving no dead ends;

8. In view of the advantages of biological enzyme: a large-scale spraying treatment of plant liquid can decompose all toxic and harmful substances in the air without daily treatment, and at the same time, it is more durable and healthy with the post-treatment of slow-release equipment; A plant extract can not only treat one substance, but also treat many substances or substances with similar molecular structures; The reaction conditions of plant liquid are also easy to realize, and the reaction can be carried out at room temperature without harsh conditions; Plant liquid will also give off a smell, but they are all fresh and pure plants and smell better.

Because people's understanding of gas pollution and odor control is not very scientific and accurate, there are many misunderstandings. I suggest that you investigate and study before taking control measures, and you can consult professional organizations to find out clearly before taking corresponding measures.