Main scenic spots of pine and cypress in Nanshan

In the second year of Chen Yongding in the Southern Dynasty (558), the three brothers ceded land to build Jin Xian Temple, which was expanded to Jin Xian Temple in the ninth year of Sui Dynasty (589), and was awarded the "Lingyan Temple" by Tang Jingyun in the second year (7 1 1), which was inscribed by Liu Gongquan, making it famous. In the first year of Xingguo in Song Taiping (976), the court ordered it to be renamed "Guanghua Temple". At the peak of Guanghua Temple, there were 10 courtyards and 120 temples, and the voice of Sanskrit in Fiona Fang was endless, which was really an oriental paradise.

reorganization and expansion

Years have passed, and today is the golden age. This famous Bamin Temple with a history of 1400 years is even more brilliant. Since 1979, Guanghua Temple has been rebuilt and expanded, and now it covers an area of more than 32,000 square meters, with a total construction area of 17000 square meters. The 385-meter-long central axis gradually rises from 25 meters above sea level to 63 meters from east to west, running through Zhaobi, Paifang, Shanmen, Fangshengchi, Tianwang Hall, Daxiong Hall, Fatang Hall and Zutang.

There are spacious 100-column cloisters on both sides of the central axis, which connect the building into a whole, with rigorous structure, prominent main body, symmetrical layout and magnificent momentum. The left compartment is, from top to bottom, Gongde Hall, Xisheng Pavilion, Yunshui Town, Zunke Hall, THE TEMPLE OF JIALAN Hall, Wuguantang and Bell Tower. On the right are Prajna Hall, Kanshan Building, Fangzhang Room, Xia Yandong, Jingxing Hall, Ancestral Hall, Xue Jietang and Drum Tower.

On the left, there is a Guanyin Pavilion with an 8-meter-high Guanyin statue inside. There is a Tibetan temple on the right. On both sides of the release pond, 500 arhats are enshrined in Luohan Hall. The Ursa Hall of Guanghua Temple was built on a 2.7-meter-high abutment, with a height of 22 meters, making it the crown of Bamin. Siddhattha gotama in the temple is 5.8 meters high, which is the highest Buddha statue in the province and the masterpiece of sculptor Wang Jingyuan. The eighteen arhats sitting on both sides of the temple are excellent sculptures created by teachers and students from Zhejiang and the United States. Nearly 6 meters behind the temple, there is a century-old camellia, bloom in winter and spring. Behind the temple, a row of ancient Chinese fir trees and pine trees are lush.

Dongzhen Canal runs from north to south, and Nanshan Creek runs through the temple from west to east. The canal water is like a mirror, the stream water is like a harp, and the nature is long and has a unique charm.

The Book of Songs in Song Dynasty

On both sides of the platform in front of Tianwang Temple, there are two stone sutra buildings in the Song Dynasty, which are engraved with the mantras of Buddha's top respecting the Great Rani Sutra, which are precious physical materials for studying the relationship between Sanskrit translation and dialects. There are quite a few couplets inscribed by celebrities in the past dynasties in the temple, and the four-character seal script "Don't look outside" can best reflect the characteristics of Guanghua Temple. As the first temple in Bamin, Guanghua Temple does not sell tickets, which is very commendable. 1990 The Chinese Buddhist Association commended the model temples, and Guanghua Temple ranked first.

Sakyamuni pagoda

The Sakyamuni Buddha Pagoda on the left side of Guanghua Temple was built before the first year of Southern Song Dynasty (1 165). It is a pavilion-shaped stone tower with five octagonal floors and a height of 30.6 meters. There are doors on the east and west sides of the bottom floor of the tower, which lead directly to the center of the tower, and tower doors are set on all sides of other floors. There are stone steps in the tower to reach the tower rooms of each floor, and a cloister outside the tower is for tourists to board and see off. There are nearly a thousand beautifully carved reliefs on the tower. The relief lines are dense, rigid and flexible, and the sculpture is vivid and vivid, showing the exquisite carving skills in the southeast coast of Song Dynasty.

The stupa of Sakyamuni is one of the famous stupas in China. Luo, a famous ancient architecture expert in China, praised in his book The Stone Pagoda of China: "The Mount Sumi and railings of the stupa are unique. The mountainside of Sumeru is carved with patterns such as lion rolling hydrangea and peony flowers, which are extremely exquisite in shape. ..... Especially the railings around Mount Sumi are different. Instead of using the combination of sentry posts and truss railings, the lower short railings connected by waves and moiré are used, which adds a sense of lightness to the heavy tower foundation. " There are obvious tantric images on the reliefs of the figures in this tower, indicating that this sect of Buddhism has spread in the southeast coast of China in the Song Dynasty.

This tower has withstood the test of1604 65438+February 29th M8.0 earthquake and is intact. Why? First of all, the tower is located on the whole rock 3-4 meters deep from the ground. The foundation is laid on solid granite with a width of more than 400 square meters, while the skin of the tower is 12 meters wide and the eight sides are 5 meters wide. The tower covers an area of 1 19.5 square meters, which is only one third of the foundation and is very stable. Secondly, the tower wall is thin, the tower body is hollow, doors are opened on all sides, and niches are cleverly arranged, which greatly reduces the weight of the tower body and the pressure on the foundation. Third, the construction is fine, the stone joints are smooth and tight, and the tenons and mortises are connected, which makes the whole stone tower integrated. Although the eaves of each tower are long and thin, the outer eaves are light and firm, and the arches are raised layer by layer, thus reducing the span of Liang Shi. The tower has eight sides, which can resist destructive forces from all directions, especially earthquake resistance.

"It is a country where lakes and mountains become Buddhas, and humanities began in that year." Although Fumonji in the southwest of the tower is shabby and lonely, it should not be underestimated. -The couplets engraved on the stone pillars in the temple remind the author. The predecessor of Pumen 'an Temple is Dongfeng Bookstore of Huangtao, the "ancestor of articles" in Bamin, which was built in the Tang Dynasty. In the Song Dynasty, it was once the office marking place for examiners when Xinghua Army first tried Jinshi. It was here that Zheng Qiao tried his hand and went to Beijing to win the main road championship for five years. At this time, the top scholar Huang Gongdu returned to his hometown to take the examiner's exam. He had mixed feelings, so he wrote a poem on the wall of Fumonji, which not only encouraged Hou Kun, but also made him a little complacent: "Scholars from Pumen Temple entered the exam": "Although Zou Lu has the potential to become a thousand robes, it is the capital of scholars. Three people are pregnant with Chupu, bragging about what to try. If you want to confuse the rest of the language, don't put metaphysical words in the sauce Don't be surprised if you stand by and watch. It used to be old Yu Tu. "