The Migration and Distribution of Hong's Surname

Hong is a typical multi-ethnic, multi-source and ancient surname, ranking ninety-ninth in the current surname list, belonging to the big surname series, with a population of about 2.402 million, accounting for about 0. 15% of the total population in China.

The distribution and migration of Hong surname in history

After the formation of Hong's surname, the main active areas were Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangsu and Zhejiang, and the population developed rapidly, which was related to the sinicization of Hong's surname of Yue people in the southeast Yuanshan.

During the Song Dynasty, there were about 6.5438+0.9 million people surnamed Hong, accounting for about 0.24% of the national population. Ranked 75 th. The province with the largest number of Hong surnames is Jiangxi, accounting for about 43% of the total population of Hong surnames in China. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian. These four provinces account for about 82% of the total population of Hong Kong, followed by Sichuan, Hebei, Henan and Guangdong. The whole country has formed a gathering area of Hong surname centered on Jiangxi, Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian.

During the Ming Dynasty, there were about 6.5438+0.7 million people surnamed Hong, accounting for 0.654.38+0.8% of the national population, ranking 96th. In Ming Dynasty, Zhejiang was the province with the largest surname of Hong, accounting for about 33% of the total population of Hong in China. The distribution in China is mainly concentrated in Zhejiang, Anhui and Fujian, accounting for 64% of the total population of Hong, followed by Jiangxi, Jiangsu and Hubei, where the surname of Hong is concentrated by 20%. During the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, the overall distribution pattern of Hong surname changed greatly, and the population mainly migrated to the southeast coastal areas. Is Hong's surname in the center of China or in Zhejiang, Jiangsu and Fujian?

Population distribution and atlas of contemporary Hong surname

With a population of more than 2 million, Hong is the 99th surname in China, accounting for about 0. 16% of the national population. In the 600 years since the Ming Dynasty, the population of Hong increased from 6.5438+0.70 million to more than 2 million, an increase of nearly 654.38+0. 1 times, and the growth rate of Hong population was lower than that of the whole country. Since the Song Dynasty, the population growth rate of Hongjia has been declining during the period of 1000. Guangdong is the largest province with Hong surname, accounting for 14% of the total number of Hong surnames. The whole country has formed a distribution area with high surname ratio along the Yangtze River estuary and south to Hainan. In the past 600 years, the degree and direction of the flood population movement are not much different from those in the Song, Yuan and Ming Dynasties, and they continue to emigrate from southeast to west and south. The schematic diagram of the distribution frequency of Hong surname in the crowd (see Figure 99) shows that it is found in Zhejiang, Shanghai, Jiangxi, most of Jiangsu and Anhui, eastern Hubei, Fujian, Taiwan Province, Qiong,

In most parts of Guangdong, southern Guangxi, eastern Yunnan, central Chongqing, northern Heilongjiang, central Jilin and northeastern Inner Mongolia, the proportion of Hong surname is above 0.22%, and the central region can reach 1.5%. This area accounts for about 65,438+06% of the total land area, and about 73% of the Hong people live in this area. In northern Jiangsu and Anhui, Lubu, western Guangdong, most of Sichuan, Chongqing and Guizhou, western Yunnan, southwestern Shaanxi, most of Liaoji and Hei, and eastern Inner Mongolia, the local population ratio is between 0. 1 1%-0.22%, and the coverage area accounts for 23.6% of the total land area. About 2 1% people surnamed Hong live in this area.

The genealogy of Hong family in Poyang, Jiangxi and Yancheng, Jiangsu consists of eight volumes, the first volume and the second volume. Compiled by Lu Hong (Ming Dynasty), it is a woodcut movable type painting in the twenty-seventh year of Jiajing in Ming Dynasty (AD 1548). Now it is collected in Shanghai Library.

The Genealogy of Shui Family in Yun Song, Wuyuan, Jiangxi, consists of six volumes, compiled by Hong (Ming Dynasty), compiled in the thirty-second year of Wanli in Ming Dynasty (A.D. 1604) and printed in the twenty-sixth year of Daoguang in Qing Dynasty (A.D. 1846). Now it is collected in the library of Hebei University.

The genealogy of Hong's family is in Sui 'an, Sichuan, majoring in (Ming) Hong Ruzhong, compiled by Hong and written in calligraphy by Ming people. Now it is collected in the archives of China Family Tree Network.

Hong Yuemei (Republic of China) compiled the Genealogy of Hong Family in Han and Tang Dynasties in Ningbo, Zhejiang Province. In the 12th year of the Republic of China (A.D. 1923), a movable type printed version of Tang Benmu was established. At present, it is collected by the Family Tree of Hong Family in Jiaoxi, Zhenhai, Zhejiang Province, edited by Du (Republic of China), and in the seventh year of the Republic of China (A.D. 19 18), six woodcut movable types were published. At present, it is collected in 12 volumes compiled by Hong Deming and others in Shexian County, Anhui Province, China, the first volume and the second volume. In the 20th year of the Republic of China (A.D. 193 1), Wu Bentang printed four volumes of woodcut movable type. Now it is collected in the archives of China Family Tree Network.

Genealogy of Hong Family, revised by Chen Zhoutang (modern), printed by Zhejiang People's Publishing House 1982. Publicly published and distributed.

Dong Bi's Genealogy of the Hong Family in Zhangzhou of Dunhuang Hall, edited by (modern) Hong Chengchuang, computer laser phototypesetting of the Municipal Information Center in 2003. Hong Ci generation of Putao Village, Le 'an Town, Anhua County, Hunan Province: "Fu Mao remembers your biography and Duan Yingxing; Zheng Guangru Yong Cheng, the training of ancestors. Mingde pro-Zhao Mu, loyal and filial; Zu Zeyuan is elegant in poetry and calligraphy. Learning Bo Zhenji, Jing Wei assisting Gan Kun; Sages can show prosperity and celebrate prosperity in the sea. Governing the country is new, beautiful and beautiful; Xingbang Lingyunzhi, Zhang Dun is prosperous from generation to generation. "

Hongbei, Ningxiang, Hunan: "Yes, your family's eternal legacy, your training and the foundation of the company must be restored. There must be virtuous poetry books, filial friends, Ke Changchuan, and Rui Qimou, which is still far away. Zhong, Mian Humanity, Pi, Guoyi, Yao Bian, Yun, Gui Ye, Voice, Chang Sixian ".

The generation of Hongci in Loudi, Hunan Province: "Bachelor, loyalty, eternal filial piety, legendary honor, Zhaoling, strategy, should contribute treasure to create a book, Xinyu Chun' an articles, Hunan businessmen are affectionate and affectionate."

The word generation of Hongshi in Wuchang, Hubei Province: "Moral inheritor, French Devi Shiguang Xiuqi, Deng Shi Chu Youqi will prosper".

The word generation of the Hongshi family in Tongcheng, Anhui Province: "China is just a country with a prosperous civilization of Futian Road."

Anhui Dongzhi Hongshi word generation: "Learning Sect is the first, respect is the first, and chandy is the first".

The word Hongshi in Jingxian County, Anhui Province: "Tian Wei has good luck, and the literature of the descendants of Xi has a long history. "

The word generation of Hongs in Anji, Zhejiang Province: "Prosperous family business".

Hongjia word generation in Rui 'an, Zhejiang: "Clear light makes you take root in the east".

The word generation of the Hongshi family in Poyang, Jiangxi Province: "Its revival shows that it is noble and generous and loyal to its family." .

Redstone word generation in Nanchang, Jiangxi: "Inherit the beauty of one generation and inherit the glory of the ages".

The word generation of Hongshi in Dazhou, Sichuan: "Postscript Zhao Qiming".

The word stands for Hongjia in Chengdu, Sichuan: "Being a saint is a wish to ascend to the country".

Hongci generation in Selangor, Malaysia: "Long-distance visitors are anxious to return to their hometown, and the wind and rain are urgent. The waves of the Yellow River are ringing, or there are piles of beads beside the road, which are connected with the stone path, and the baskets are dangerous and the poles are blocked. The depth of the trip is suddenly flat, the altar is in the east, and the migrating pigeons are filled with fireworks. After dusk, the host led the guests to Zhang's room and drank as drunk as a fiddler before the famous giant well was revealed. I also tasted the dross of old Levin.

"A word generation Hongshi.

Dafang original school: "Zhuolong Daguangchang's article Guo Huachai and Yongchang's words and deeds have survived for hundreds of generations and are famous for their glory";

The original school of Fannie and Freddie: "God inspired the prosperity of the imperial court, and the country showed that Jia Mo promised Chengde";

Three-room original school: "Junxiu Chonglun started from Cai Fenggui's mingxiang, and Gao Chao's opening ceremony was rich. Zhao Zuguang Kuibi Lianhui and Zhao Tang Zhongyao made Qian Qiu's industry leader Yong Youfang auspicious";

The new clan school (the word "line" is used in the big house, the word "country" is used in the second house, and the word "phoenix" is used in the third house): "With the prosperity of the west, Kangxi and Xiaozhong are always prosperous, and the talents in the prosperous times are abundant and prosperous."

In a word, the Hong family was replaced: "Yongchang Shide in Yuanhengli Town greatly inspired the family."

Generations of Hongshi in Xiayi County: seldom defending Zhang Xiu. There is also a celebrity surnamed Hong: the younger sister of Huang Tingjian, a poet in the Northern Song Dynasty, married the fourth son of Hong Jiasheng. The eldest son studied poetry with Huang Tingjian, and his younger brother and Hongyan all had good poems, which were called "Four Hongs". Hong Hao, a descendant of Hongpu, was imprisoned for 10 years. His three sons Shi Hong, Hong Zun and Hong Mai have all achieved great success. Hong Mai was a bachelor in Longtuge, and he wrote essays on Rong Zhai, an important official and scholar in the Song Dynasty, a scholar in the Ming Dynasty, Hong Xingzu, a scholar in Wanli, the history of the Chongzhen Ministry of War, and Hong Chengchou, the governor of Hebei and Liaoning. Hongxing County: Dunhuang County (now the western end of Hexi Corridor in Gansu Province), Xuancheng County (now the southeast of Anhui Province) and Zhang Yu County (now Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province).

Tang Nuo. Hong surname: Shuangzhongtang (Hong Hao in Song Dynasty, assistant minister of the Ministry of Rites, went to the State of Jin. Jin people detained him, and Hao resolutely refused to give in. After being imprisoned for 15 years, he often secretly sent people to report on the situation of Jin State in Song Dynasty, and people compared him to Su Wu. His son Hong Mai went to Xu Jin as an academician. The Jin people forced him to call him a "courtier", but he refused, so he was detained by the Jin people. His father and son are loyal to their motherland, which is called "father and son are loyal").

Hong surname applies couplets: the article is above the world; Surnames topped the list (Hong Ying was the left capital of the Ming Dynasty, and Yongle ranked first). Shan Zong Gong Xiulong Ye Wei; Star-studded Yuanmingyuan Film and Painting Museum (Red Star Home and Temple Alliance in Nantou County, Taiwan Province Province). Moving from Jiaying to the camp of Yangmei Zude Zonggong respect is the foundation of official career; Through Huafeng, the farmland inspection before and after Huayi's glory is also magnificent. This couplet describes the arduous journey of Hong Xiuquan's ancestors moving from Jiaying House to Guanlubu Village in Hua County.

Things can be said to people; The heart is always flat (Hongzuo, a poet in the Southern Song Dynasty). Sanhong is famous all over the world (Shi Hong, Hong Zun and Hong Mai, famous doctors in Song Dynasty, successively went from "Sanhong" to the world in the Chinese character department); Make meritorious military service for the country (Hong, magistrate of Weizhou, Jinshi, Gaosha mutiny in Song Dynasty, he opened a new road to make the first army safe). The second son of the Emperor of Heaven has a far-reaching influence (Hong Xiuquan, the leader of the Taiping Rebellion, calls himself the second son of the Emperor of Heaven); The source of the water god is the dragon (the ancestor of Hong surnamed * * * has the virtue of water and is regarded as a god). Brothers compete for the fourth place in Xie Jia (the story of three brothers in Hongshi in Song Dynasty); The father and son boasted about Ninghai III (the story of Hong Hao, a scholar in the Political Department of the Song Dynasty, and his son Hongshi High School). No.9 Middle School has long been known as yangfu; Shi Li (a book presented by scholar and writer Hong in Qing Dynasty) was first circulated. Six Gui Jiasheng (referring to Hong, Jiang, Weng, Fang, Gong, Wang and other surnames); Dunhuang Shize (refers to * * * Pu who went to Dunhuang to avoid disaster and changed his name to Hongpu). Only called Sizi (referring to Peng Hong, Hong Chu, Hongyan and Yuhong in the Northern Song Dynasty); There are three wonders in the book (referring to Hong Juefan, whose calligraphy is amazing).

The descendants of Hong surname who migrated from Sophora japonica in Hongdong County, Shanxi Province are distributed in Henan, Shandong, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin and other places.