I want to know about Zhu Yuanzhang's childhood experience?

Ming Taizu's original name was Zhu Chongba, and the name Zhu Yuanzhang was taken by Guo Zixing after he joined Guo Zixing. Zhu Chongba's father, also not called Zhu Shizhen, was originally named Zhu Wusi. Zhu Yuanzhang's mother is called Chen Ernian; Zhu Yuanzhang's eldest brother is Zhu Chongsi, his second brother is Zhu Chongliu, and he is the third, so he is called Zhu Chongba. Yu Yue, a Qing Dynasty man, wrote in his Essays on Spring in the Hall: "In the Yuan Dynasty, people who have no jobs in Shu Ren are not allowed to be named, but only in the name of their rows and their parents' years and teeth. This is not levied in the History of Yuan Dynasty, and it is exactly the case that Ran Zheng called his brother by Ming Gaohuang (Zhu Yuanzhang)." He also cited the Shaoxing countryside as an example: "If the husband is 24 years old, the woman is 22 years old, her life is 46, and the child is named' 46'; The husband is twenty-three years old and the woman is twenty-two, which is forty-five. When you have a child, it is called' 59' ",and the multiplication of 59 is forty-five. According to Yu Yue, the great-grandfather of Chang Yuchun, a general of the Ming Dynasty, was called Chang Sisan, his grandfather was called Chang Chongwu, and his father was called Chang Liuliu. General Tang He's great-grandfather called Tang Wuyi, his grandfather called Tang Liuyi, his father called Tang Qiyi, and so on, all of which are evidence.

Like most feudal emperors, the birth of Zhu Yuanzhang was artificially legendary. According to Ming History, Zhu Yuanzhang's mother had a dream when she was just pregnant. In the dream, a fairy gave her a fairy medicine and put it in her hand, so she ate it. His mother woke up from her dream, but it was still full of fragrance. When Zhu Yuanzhang was born, the room was full of red light, and it was at night. When the neighbors saw it, they thought it was a fire and rushed to rescue them. The result was a false alarm.

Zhu Yuanzhang's ancestral home is Zhujiaxiang, Tongde Township, Jurong County, Jiangsu Province (now Jurong County, Nanjing), and his ancestors have been cultivating fields for generations. Because his grandfather Zhu Chuyi couldn't bear the exploitation of landlords and Mongolian rulers, his family fled to Xuyi, Sizhou (now Xuyi, Anhui) on the bank of Huaihe River to reclaim land. After the death of Zhu Chu-yi, the family was poor, so Zhu Yuanzhang's father Zhu Shizhen (originally called Zhu Wuhui, and later Zhu Yuanzhang called his father Zhu Shizhen) had to move from east to west. At the age of fifty, he settled down in Dongxiang, Zhongli County (now Fengyang County, Anhui Province), where Zhu Yuanzhang was born.

due to malnutrition, Zhu Yuanzhang was weak and sickly when he was a child, and he was all skin and bones. Zhu Yuanzhang's parents are superstitious and believe that only Guanyin Bodhisattva can save his life and bless him to live in peace. So, they sent the young Zhu Yuanzhang to the nearby Huangjue Temple and asked Zhu Yuanzhang to worship Gao Bin, an old monk in the temple.

When Zhu Yuanzhang was 1 years old, his father Zhu Shizhen moved again to avoid heavy taxes. Later, he cultivated land for the landlord Liu De in the lonely village of Taiping Township, and Zhu Yuanzhang herded cattle for Liu De's family.

In the process of herding cattle, Zhu Yuanzhang got to know Xu Da, Tang He, Zhou Dexing and others, and became good friends. In the future, Xu Da, Tang He, Zhou Dexing and others made meritorious deeds and became founding fathers for the establishment of the Ming Dynasty.

Zhu Yuanzhang was clever and naughty since childhood, and he had studied for a few days, so he had the most ideas. The game he often plays is to play the role of emperor. He wears rags, shreds palm leaves, sticks them on his mouth as a beard, puts a spoke on his head as a flat crown, then sits on the mound, pretends to weigh the emperor, and asks each partner to pick up a piece of wood, hold it with both hands, kneel three times and knock nine times, and shout long live.

When herding cattle, not only was he often scolded by his master, but he was often hungry and herded cattle, so Zhu Yuanzhang slaughtered cattle. One day, when herding cattle, Zhu Yuanzhang, Xu Da, Tang He and Zhou Dexing all felt hungry, so Zhu Yuanzhang gave an idea and killed a calf, and everyone roasted it and ate it. Before long, there was only a cowhide, a pile of bones and a cow's tail. After eating, how can I tell the landlord when I go back? Everyone was worried, so they blamed each other. Zhu Yuanzhang then stood up and thought of a way. He asked everyone to bury the bones and cowhide, cover up the blood, and then put the tail of the cow into the rock crevice on the mountain, saying that the calf had got into the cave and could not be pulled out. Little friends have agreed. This naive idea can't hide from the landlord Liu De, of course. As a result, Zhu Yuanzhang was beaten up and rushed home, and added a debt to his father to compensate the calf. However, Zhu Yuanzhang won the trust of his friends because of his daring.

vagrants

During the reign of the Mongolian Empire, people were divided into four classes, and the Han people and southerners under the rule of the Mongols were untouchables. If you kill a Mongolian, you will be fined 82 taels of silver, and if you kill a Han, you will be fined the price of a donkey. The first night of the new wife in the Han village must be given to the Mongolian warden. People in China can't even have their surnames and names. They can only use the name of birth date, can't have weapons, and can only share a kitchen knife with several families. Heavy taxes, coupled with the constant famine, the vast number of Han people are struggling on the verge of death.

in p>1343, there was a drought in Haozhou. Unexpectedly, a serious locust plague occurred the following spring, and the crops were eaten clean by locusts. It never rains but it pours, and then the plague happened. At that time, every household died, and a dozen or even dozens of people died in one day in a village.

Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang's family was also infected with the plague. Within half a month, his 64-year-old father, eldest brother and mother Chen passed away. Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother watched their relatives die one by one, and there was no money to buy coffins at home, not even a piece of land to bury their relatives. Alas, Zhu Shizhen worked hard all his life, and he had no place to live and no place to die. Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother burst into tears and alarmed their neighbor Liu Jizu, so his stepfather gave them a graveyard. The two brothers finally found some rags to wrap the body and buried their parents on the land of the Liu family. Thirty-five years later, when Zhu Yuanzhang recalled this incident, it was still difficult to restrain his grief. He wrote in "The Tomb Monument": "There is no coffin in the funeral, and the body is ugly, and it covers three feet, so what kind of food is there!" In less than half a month, the harmonious and warm home of the past no longer exists, and the love of parents is gone forever. The tragic loss of one's family deeply affected Zhu Yuanzhang's state of mind, making him seem to have fallen into the bottomless abyss. At this time, in order to survive, Zhu Yuanzhang and his second brother, sister-in-law and nephew were forced to separate and escape. Zhu Yuanzhang was really desperate, thinking of the Huangjue Temple where he had made a wish to give his life when he was a child, so he went to the monk Gao Bin, where he was shaved as a monk and became a boy. He sweeps the floor, burns incense, beats bells and drums, cooks and washes clothes every day in the temple. He is busy all day, and sometimes he is scolded by the old monk. As time went on, Zhu Yuanzhang suppressed his anger. One day, when he was sweeping the floor, he was tripped by the seat of Kuan ti, so he hit the broom of Kuan ti conveniently.

On another occasion, the old monk saw that the candle in the main hall was bitten by a mouse, so he reprimanded Zhu Yuanzhang in public. Zhu Yuanzhang thought, Kuan ti can't even control what is in front of him, how can he manage the palace? Even worse, I was scolded, and the more I thought about it, the more angry I became. So, Zhu Yuanzhang looked for a pen and wrote the words "sent three thousand miles" behind the god Kuan Lan. All these reflect Zhu Yuanzhang's unwillingness to be oppressed.

However, after Zhu Yuanzhang became a boy for a long time, there was not enough food for the monks in the temple, and there was no charity in the temple. Therefore, Master Gao Bin, the host, had to stop porridge and disperse the monks, and sent the monks on a journey to make alms. In this way, Zhu Yuanzhang was only a 5-day-old boy, and he couldn't recite the scriptures or do Buddhism, but he had no choice but to dress up as a monk and leave the temple to wander. Zhu Yuanzhang was only 17 years old at this time.

Zhu Yuanzhang begged while walking. He was told that he would go wherever the years were good. He went south from Haozhou to Hefei, then turned west into Henan, arrived in Gushi and Xinyang, then went north to Ruzhou, Chen Zhou and other places, and returned to Huangjue Temple in 1347. During the three years of wandering, he traveled all over the famous cities in the west of Huai River, got in touch with the local customs, saw the world, broadened his horizons and accumulated social life experience. The hard vagrancy created Zhu Yuanzhang's resolute and courageous character, but it also made him cruel and suspicious. This period of life had a profound impact on Zhu Yuanzhang's life.

Zhu Yuanzhang's three years of traveling abroad was also the period when peasant uprisings surged at the end of Yuan Dynasty. There is a widespread saying in the society that "Ming Wang was born, and all sentient beings are blessed", and the Bailian religion in the north is also carrying out the same propaganda. Zhu Yuanzhang was also exposed to such propaganda when he was wandering. He witnessed the deterioration of people's lives and realized that chaos would come soon. So after returning to the Imperial Temple, Zhu Yuanzhang worked hard, made friends, and prepared to make a career.

In p>1351, Han Shantong and Liu Futong, leaders of Bailian Sect, launched an uprising in Yingzhou (now Fuyang, Anhui Province) and promoted Han Shantong as the Ming king. In August of the same year, Peng Yingyu and Xu Shouhui revolted in Qishui (now Xishui, Hubei). These insurgents wrapped their heads in red scarves, so they were called the Red Scarf Army. In 1352, Guo Zixing and Sun Deya revolted in Haozhou.

when Zhu Yuanzhang heard the news of the uprising, he couldn't help thinking that if he was always in the temple, he might be captured by Yuan loyalists at any time, and his life would be in danger. Just then, Zhu Yuanzhang received a letter from his childhood partner Tang He, in which Tang He invited Zhu Yuanzhang to join the rebel army in Guo Zixing. Just then, Zhu Yuanzhang's brother told him in secret that someone knew the letter and was going to tell on it. So Zhu Yuanzhang put down his alms bowl and went to the Red Scarf Army in Guo Zixing. This year, Zhu Yuanzhang was 25 years old.

A general's talent

After Zhu Yuanzhang joined the army, he was quickly appreciated by Guo Zixing because of his bravery in fighting, agility, and familiarity with writing and ink, so Guo Zixing transferred Zhu Yuanzhang to the commander's office and appointed him as the commander of Qinbing. Zhu Yuanzhang was smart and competent, and he took the lead in the war. All the spoils he got were handed over to Marshal Guo Zixing, and he was rewarded. He said that the credit belongs to everyone, so he gave the reward to everyone. Soon, Zhu Yuanzhang's good reputation in the army spread. Guo Zixing also regarded him as a confidant and always discussed with Zhu Yuanzhang about important matters. At that time, Guo Zixing had an adopted daughter, the daughter of his close friend Ma Gong. After Ma Gong died, his youngest daughter was adopted by Guo Zixing. At this time, Guo Zixing saw that Zhu Yuanzhang was a talented person, which would be of great help to his career. So he married Ma Shi, a 21-year-old adopted daughter, to Zhu Yuanzhang, and from then on he was renamed Zhu Gongzi in the army. With identity, you can no longer use the previous nickname to emphasize eight, so you have another official name, Yuan Zhang, with the word Guorui.

At that time, in Haozhou City, the Red Scarf Army had five marshals. Guo Zixing school, Sun Deya and the other three marshals school, there are many contradictions between the two schools. In September of this year, the commander of Xuzhou Red Scarf Army, Sesame Li, was killed by the Yuan Army. His Ministry, Peng Da and Zhao Junyong, led troops to Haozhou. Peng Da befriended Guo Zixing, while Sun Deya and others wooed Zhao Junyong. Encouraged by Sun Deya, Zhao Junyong kidnapped Guo Zixing, and beat Guo Zixing to bamboo slips, ready to kill Guo Zixing. Zhu Yuanzhang, with the support of Peng Da, led his troops to save Guo Zixing. Since then, the two factions have become more bitter.

Zhu Yuanzhang was determined to rely on his own strength to create a new situation. In mid-June of the 15th year of Zhizheng (AD 1355), Zhu Yuanzhang returned to his hometown to recruit soldiers. His boyhood friends Xu Da, Zhou Dexing, Guo Ying and acquaintances in the same village and neighboring villages heard that Zhu Yuanzhang had become the leader of the Red Scarf Army, and they all came to defect. So Zhu Yuanzhang soon recruited more than 7 people and returned to Haozhou. Guo Zixing was very happy, so he promoted Zhu Yuanzhang to be a town comforter.

This winter, Peng Da's son, Peng Hanzhu, called himself King Lu Huai, Zhao Junyong called himself King Yong Yi, and Guo Zixing and others were still marshals.

Zhu Yuanzhang saw that these people hadn't been out of Haozhou for half a year, so he chose 24 confidants, including Xu Da and Tang He, from his recruits to leave Haozhou, just a little farther south. On the way to Dingyuan in the south, Zhu Yuanzhang first recruited 3, militiamen from the Donkey Village in Zhangjiabao, and then recruited 8 people with a clear nose and a clear head. Commanding this team, Zhu Yuanzhang marched eastward, and by night he broke the Yuan army camp in Hengduan Mountain, Dingyuan, and Marshal Miao tycoon surrendered. Zhu Yuanzhang selected 2, able-bodied Han Chinese from the army and incorporated them into his own team, and went south to Chuzhou (now Chuxian County, Anhui Province).

On the way to the south of Chuzhou, Li Shanchang, a celebrity from Dingyuan, visited the military gate. Li Shanchang and Zhu Yuanzhang hit it off as soon as they met, and Li Shanchang took Liu Bang, the Emperor Gaozu of Han Dynasty, as an example to persuade Zhu Yuanzhang: As long as he followed Liu Bang's example, he knew how to be good and didn't kill people indiscriminately, he would soon pacify the world. Zhu Yuanzhang thought it was very reasonable, so he left Li Shanchang as the secretary of the shogunate, and charged Li Shanchang to coordinate the relationship between the generals, so as to achieve great things.

Zhu Yuanzhang quickly captured Chuzhou, and his nephew Wen Zheng and brother-in-law Li Zhen came to take refuge with his nephew Bao Er (later named Wen Zhong). From their mouths, Zhu Yuanzhang was saddened to learn that his second brother, third brother and sister had all died. At that time, there was Mu Ying, an orphan in Dingyuan, who was very pitiful. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang took these three children as adopted sons and changed their surnames to Zhu. Later, Zhu Yuanzhang adopted more than 2 semes.

When Zhu Yuanzhang attacked Chuzhou, Guo Zixing was excluded by Zhao Junyong, Sun Deya and others. Therefore, not long after Zhu Yuanzhang captured Chuzhou, Guo Zixing also came to Chuzhou. Zhu Yuanzhang immediately handed over the relieving, and the team of 3, people was disciplined and clean, and Guo Zixing was very happy to see it.

In p>1353, Zhu Yuanzhang appointed Hu Dahai, a native of Hongxian County (now Sixian County, Anhui Province) as the vanguard, and conquered Hezhou in one fell swoop. News came that Guo Zixing immediately appointed Zhu Yuanzhang as the company commander, guarding the state. Once, Zhu Yuanzhang went out and saw a child crying. Zhu Yuanzhang asked him why he was crying and replied that he was waiting for his father. Zhu Yuanzhang learned after careful inquiry that the father and mother of the child were both in the military camp, and the father raised horses in the camp. The mother and father did not dare to recognize each other, so they had to be brothers and sisters. Zhu Yuanzhang realized that there were problems in the military discipline of the army. After they broke through the city, they disturbed the people and robbed women. If this continues, the army will lose the hearts of the people. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang called the generals, affirmed discipline, ordered the return of married women in the army, and reunited many separated couples in the city. This matter was widely spread and Zhu Yuanzhang won the hearts of the people.

In March of this year, Guo Zixing died of illness. Han Liner, xiao ming wang appointed Guo Tianxu, the son of Guo Zixing, as Marshal Du, his brother-in-law Zhang Tian as Deputy Marshal Right and Zhu Yuanzhang as Deputy Marshal Left. Nominally, Marshal Du is the head of the army, and the position of the right deputy marshal is higher than that of the left deputy marshal. However, most of the troops in Chuzhou and Hezhou were recruited by Zhu Yuanzhang, and Zhu Yuanzhang was more courageous and resourceful than Guo Tianxu and Zhang Tian, and he had talents under him. Therefore, Zhu Yuanzhang actually became the coach of this team.

Zhu Sheng made suggestions

Before Zhu Yuanzhang became emperor, the strategy he pursued was "building a wall high, accumulating grain widely and slowly becoming king" put forward by Zhu Sheng. Building a high wall refers to strengthening military preparedness and consolidating the rear; Wide grain accumulation refers to developing economic production, storing grain and enhancing economic strength; To be king slowly means not to be king too early, so as not to make too many enemies. These three suggestions are of great strategic vision and are the guiding ideology of Zhu Yuanzhang in his early development.

After Zhu Yuanzhang was stationed in Hezhou for several months, food supply became a problem. Opposite to Hezhou, Taiping (now Dangtu, Anhui Province) and Wuhu, which are close to the south bank of the Yangtze River, are rich in rice, but there are no boats, so we can only sigh at Wangjiang. At this time, it happened that the Chaohu water army of the two Red Scarf Army came to join the party, and Zhu Yuanzhang personally handled the merger. In July, more than a thousand warships of Chaohu Water Army broke through the blockade of Yuan Army and arrived in Hezhou. Zhu Yuanzhang's infantry troops boarded the ship of Chaohu Water Army and crossed the Yangtze River from Hezhou to the east. Arrived at the other side of the quarry, Chang Yuchun took the lead, led the army to kill, conquered the quarry, and obtained a lot of food. Soldiers want to transport food and trophies back to the state and enjoy them slowly. Seeing this, Zhu Yuanzhang decisively ordered people to cut off the ship's cable and let the ship go downstream to cut off the retreat. When the men saw no way back, they rallied and conquered Taiping under the leadership of Zhu Yuanzhang. Entering Taiping, Zhu Yuanzhang reiterated that military discipline was forbidden.