Gulag is.

Publishing House: Popular Publishing House

Original title: архипелаггулаг.

Translators: Tian Dawei/Qian Cheng/Chen Hanzhang, etc

Publication year: 20 15-8- 19

Page number: 1928

Pricing: CNY 198.00

Binding: hardcover

ISBN: 978750 1453580

The so-called "gulag", that is, the "General Administration of Labor Camp", is a symbol of the reform-through-labor system in the Soviet Union. From 19 18 to 1956, the reform-through-labour camps scattered on the vast land of the Soviet Union generally constitute the "second territory" of this country.

This book focuses on the suffering experience of "islanders" and is interspersed with a lot of materials on the development history of the Soviet labor reform system. It has a grand structure and numerous volumes, which fully shows Nobel Prize in Literature winner Solzhenitsyn's talent in mastering writing.

There are impassioned accusations, angry shouts, sharp satire and profound narration in the book. It is an important reference work for understanding the political system of the Soviet Union.

"Dedicated to you who didn't survive, they can do nothing. I hope they will forgive me for not seeing everything, thinking of everything and guessing everything. "

1970 Nobel Prize in Literature winner Alexander? Solzhenitsyn's epic masterpiece Gulag Islands begins with such a sad inscription. 1973, Solzhenitsyn decided to secretly send this book to the west for publication, which became an important event in the study of Soviet political history. It can be said that the Soviet authorities decided to deprive Solzhenitsyn of his nationality and forcibly expel him to Europe, which had a lot to do with the publication of this book.

This masterpiece, with a length of 6.5438+0.4 million words, can be called the most refined description of the legal history of Lenin and Stalin in the Soviet Union. The so-called "gulag", that is, the "General Administration of Labor Camp", was originally a symbol of the labor reform system in the Soviet Union. The author compares it to "islands" in order to point out that this system has penetrated into all fields of Soviet political life and become the "second territory" of the Soviet Union. The book is divided into seven parts: prison industry, eternal movement, labor eradication camp, soul and barbed wire, hard labor, exile and Stalin's death.

The author, who lives in the gulag concentration camp, is a witness to the events in the book and a winner of first-hand materials. After he was released from prison, he interviewed 270 people and provided testimony for what was written in the book. The Gulag Islands was written between 1962 and 1973, and published in the west on 1973.

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn (1918 ~ August 3, 2008) was a Russian writer in the former Soviet Union. Born in Kislovodsk, North Caucasus. 1924, she and my widowed mother moved to Rostov in the Don Valley. Here, he finished middle school, was admitted to the Department of Physical Mathematics of Rostov University, and graduated with 194 1. At the same time, because of his love for literature, he also studied literature in the correspondence class of Moscow Institute of Literature, History and Philosophy.

After the outbreak of the Soviet-German war, Solzhenitsyn was drafted into the army and served as the company commander of the Great Artillery Corps. He was awarded meritorious service twice. 1945 In February, the author was arrested in the front of East Prussia because he criticized Stalin in correspondence with an old friend. The Internal Affairs and People's Committee sentenced him to eight years of reform-through-labour on charges of "propagating anti-Soviet propaganda and conspiring to establish anti-Soviet organizations". After serving his sentence, he was exiled to Kazakhstan. 1956 was released from exile and rehabilitated the following year. After that, he settled in Ryazan and worked as a math teacher in any middle school.

1962165438+10. In October, with Khrushchev's personal approval, Solzhenitsyn's first novella, A Day by Ivan Denisovich, was published in New World. The first work in Soviet literature describing the life in Stalin's labor camp immediately aroused strong repercussions at home and abroad. 1963, the author joined the Soviet writers association. After that, he wrote many works, but with the change of political situation, except for four short stories such as "The Home of Matrion", none of them were published in the Soviet Union. 1965 March, Ivan Denisovich's day was publicly criticized.

1967 in may, on the eve of the fourth Soviet writers' congress, Solzhenitsyn wrote an open letter to the congress, demanding "the abolition of all public and secret censorship of literary and artistic creation", which was criticized by the authorities. From 65438 to 0968, the novels Cancer Ward and The First Circle were published in Western Europe. 1969165438+10, the writer was expelled from the Soviet writers association.

1970, Solzhenitsyn won the Nobel Prize in Literature "because of his moral strength in pursuing the indispensable tradition of Russian literature". However, due to the situation, Solzhenitsyn did not go to Stockholm to receive the prize. 197 1 year, Germany and France published his novel1965438+August 2004. 1973 In February, Paris published the first volume of Gulag Islands, which revealed the inside story of Soviet prisons and reform-through-labour camps from 19 18 to 1956. 1February, 1974 12, the presidium of the supreme Soviet of the Soviet Union announced that it was deprived of its Soviet nationality and deported. In June+10 of the same year, the United States Senate awarded him the title of "honorary citizen of the United States", and then he moved to the United States.

1989, the secretariat of Soviet writers' association accepted the initiative of New World magazine and Soviet writers publishing house, revoked the "unfair decision" of expelling Solzhenitsyn from Soviet writers' association approved by the secretariat of Soviet writers' association on1969165438+15, and will be elected as the Soviet people. According to the decision of the Soviet Writers Association, Solzhenitsyn's works began to be published in the Soviet Union.

Blue dog flies:

Finally, I returned to Russia and the Soviet Union, heavy and hard, but kind and natural. Deep and heavy is the essence of life? The preface has deeply touched me: "Thirty-six Soviet writers headed by Maxim Gorky provided information for this book. They are the authors of that shameful book about the White Sea Canal, which praised slave labor for the first time in the history of Russian literature. " The world-famous Gulag Archipelago truly reproduces the darkest side of Soviet history through documentary literature, which has produced the effect of seeing disaster movie, that is, cherishing today's richness and freedom, simple enough to go to the toilet and lie down and rest at will, which is worth cherishing. In contrast, the slave labor field in Dostoevsky's Notes on the Dead House and the prison in lev tolstoy's Resurrection are like nursing homes. The sharp contrast is staggering. The products under Soviet socialism are far behind those under the evil czar system more than half a century ago. Whether it is documentary literature or prison literature, Solzhenitsyn clearly stated in his book that this is not a book of political opposition. Readers should not expect to find too many political factors through it, but it is precisely because of the political significance interpreted by countless people that the Gulag Islands won the Nobel Prize in Literature.

Just like A Journey to the Gulag, the first chapter of this book is "Arrest", which is a blow that makes people unprepared and bid farewell to normal life, light and freedom. Countless people face systematic arrest by the same organization in different scenes. Followed by the underground water flow representing different types of people flowing to the Gulag, followed by the description of torture methods and torturers, every line seems to crush the last conscience of normal people. Under centralized power, the collective is irrational, and the rabble leads to the unparalleled cruelty that some people in the same society can inflict on others in the enlightened modern twentieth century. The author hit the nail on the head. These scouts don't feel that they are doing evil. The ideology or quasi-belief given to them by the Soviet Union made them readily face the behavior imposed on interrogators. What is even more frightening is that they are more persistent than Shakespeare-style villains because of the blessing of ideology and the cover of unconscious aura of group crime.

After introducing the arrest, water flow, interrogation methods and interrogators (this is not an introduction, but the appearance and accusation of grief and indignation), the author advances with his own personal experience as the main line. Torture, abuse, tiger shit, pepper spray? This kind of film and television drama is made for simple audiences in peacetime. The truly shocking interrogation method is so unremarkable in terms of its form. You were punished by kneeling, standing for dozens of hours, not letting you lie down or even changing your posture. How about you try for a few hours? Sitting in a waist-deep open pit, eating100g of bread day and night for 15 days. The punishment of kneeling, standing and sitting can be the common corporal punishment in schools in 2 1 century or the inhumanity of the gulag in the 20th century. Through these hunger, sleep deprivation and intimidation, investigators destroyed the will of most people before the trial began. Ironically, the arrested person can remember all the details of the process, but he has no impression of the Cheka people who arrested and interrogated him. It turns out that the first love in prison-the author's description is so apt and ironic. After a sudden arrest and a weak and helpless trial, I can finally calm down and review all this and get along well with the living people who have suffered the same. Although it's still a dirty, crowded and cold environment and lingering hunger, I can at least have a free sleep and talk to my roommate. After that, I will change prisons many times until I go to the labor camp. Only Kaluga No.1 Prison meets the author's life in Nalan Xingde's eyes, if it is only the first time. As for the trial machine of the political court, it is directly defined by the author as "it is a bit strange to have no court, so there should be a court." A closed trial is, of course, a trial with a predetermined result. Rather, notice is more accurate than trial. What about the crowd covered by the closed loop from arrest and interrogation to "interrogation"? Of course, it is all-encompassing. Leaders, ordinary people, railway personnel in the Middle East, Koreans, Latvians, intellectuals, prisoners' families, Czechs, Poles, Ukrainians, generals, Muscovites who have not fled, residents of occupied areas, girls who hook up with foreigners, priests, soldiers or civilians who have been to Europe, in short.

For three consecutive chapters, I have been talking about the laws of Stalin, and I still use antonyms. This law is still in its infancy, growing and maturing, which means that it is a tool to suppress political coercion and cleanse dissidents. Don't say that judicial independence and judicial justice cannot be guaranteed, and even the most basic legal spirit has disappeared. The law can be regarded as the past, and the conviction can be made without a pure confession of evidence chain. If the crime and punishment are not equal, the sentencing is extremely aggravated, which can basically be regarded as one. Thirteen cases that make any judicial practitioner feel ashamed today, to borrow the rude words of one of the defendants, "I don't think you are a court, I think you are a group of actors, performing a farce of the trial according to the written lines." You are the executors of the despicable and provocative activities of the people's Committee of the Ministry of the Interior. No matter what I say to you, you will sentence me to death anyway. I just believe that when the time comes, you will stand in our position. "So sharp, accurate and refined, what can I say? Since the law has gone out of control to this extent, the number of so-called supreme measures such as death penalty has naturally soared like a runaway wild horse! During the twenty years of Queen Elizabeth's rule, no one was executed in the czar era, which was denounced by the Soviet Union as ignorant, cruel and autocratic. During the thirty years of 1876- 1905, * * executed 486 people, with an average of one year 17 people. In Stalin's time, millions of people were shot ... that's not all. The treatment of condemned prisoners before being executed is very bad, and it is generally believed that the waiting time for death is too long. I hope to be executed as soon as possible! Countless people died of malnutrition, cold, overwork and disease.

The eternal movement describes the process of prisoners being expelled and transported. Those who pass the railway are called "Zeke carriage" and those who pass the car are called "crow carriage". There are at least twenty or thirty people in a small compartment of a regular train, who make food for salted fish without water, because water supply means going to the toilet, and hundreds of people need to spend a lot of manpower to escort them to the toilet at one time and guard them all the time. Numerous deportation stations constitute dense distribution points on the map of the Soviet Union, and ships on the islands transport or transfer prisoners to the ports of these islands. The inhumanity of transportation conditions reminds me of the scene in Schindler's List where the Nazis transported Jews to concentration camps in train carriages. It is common for the dead to die in the process of transportation. More often, it is several inhuman round-the-clock transportation that destroys the last straw of the old, the weak and the sick. Many people die soon after arriving at their destinations. This book is heavy, because every link is full of heaviness.

The third part is the reform-through-labour camp, which began to seriously cut into the miserable life of the reform-through-labour camp. Solowitz, the origin of these islands, emerged from the ocean, spread and gradually hardened. The title of each chapter summarizes the development route of reform-through-labor places. Ironically, Solowitz labor camp has been built by monks for centuries. Because it is close to the mainland and far enough away from the fugitives, it has been cut off from the mainland for almost half a year (probably because of the extreme cold), so it has become the best source of the islands. Hunger, cold, crowded and poor sanitation can be said to be standard conditions, and the misery represented by these nouns needs to be multiplied several times according to the degree that normal free people can imagine. The general public's idea of freezing is that clothes are not shaking enough, not that. Solowitz's freezing is to spend several hours naked in the cold of the Arctic. What impressed me most was Gorky's visit. Obviously, Stalin wanted to use Gorky's reputation to prove the health, kindness and morality of Gulag to the Soviet people and foreign media. The criminal deliberately took the counter-report, Gorky just flipped through it and said nothing, until a young criminal who exposed the "emperor's new clothes" tore up all illusions and stayed alone with Gorky for more than an hour, which still failed to change Gorky. Afterwards, he published: "The prisoners in the Gulag lived well and were well reformed." Gorky's helplessness? Or do you take the initiative to cooperate with the Soviet mouthpiece in order to keep your reputation and wealth? Awkward. Since the late 1920s, Solowitz was no longer just a counter-revolutionary doomed to destruction, and more and more dangerous people, ordinary criminals, thieves, prostitutes and even minors came to the working people. The natural situation is getting more and more severe, and the enemies of the people need to be treated more strictly. Therefore, labor is unpaid (although the original work is pitiful), and the labor intensity should be greater, so that the country can have economic benefits. Naturally, the capacity of the labor camp must be expanded to accommodate more "water flow". In this way, the population of Solowitz increased from 3,000 to 50,000, and the river flooded, which first spread cancer in the north.

Since then, the core part of the gulag has appeared, "general labor." What simple and plain language actually represents super efforts, which is the kind of horror that men do not hesitate to hurt their women, be slept by anyone and have children in order to avoid not joining them. If it is not enough to work 13 hours a day, it is not enough to organize commandos. For example, in the sprint phase of the Bai Bo Canal, 30,000 people will go without sleep for 48 hours. Stone age tools were used in the twentieth century, because socialist machines and tractors were not wasted in labor camps. Hundreds of thousands of people died of fatigue, freezing, malnutrition or both, but the new "water flow" ensured that the total number of people on the construction site would never decrease. However, in the 1930s, these islands were still expanding. Even in the campaign to eliminate the rich peasants, the whole village was fenced with barbed wire and a reform-through-labour camp was established on the spot. This has added millions of people, and this is an army of farmers. The period of building the Bai Bo Canal now seems to be too "loose", which requires stricter discipline, from increasing observation, refusing to visit and canceling public holidays to riding in a "death carriage" and being shot on the spot (it is hard to say which is more cruel). From this, the author compares the prisoners in reform-through-labour camps with Russian serfs in the past few centuries, and draws the conclusion that, sure enough, serfs are much happier. In addition, to make the horror of hunger more violent, grading stoves and food grading tables came into being. The food of prisoners who are already very short of money has been compressed again. Only excellent teams such as production strikers can eat raw grain, and then it will decrease in turn according to the completion rate of production ... This is really a human experiment in the laboratory of reform-through-labor institute. Rations are really scarce, but the life span of strikers is shorter, because the extra physical labor they pay is far greater than the extra 100 grams of bread and two bowls of vegetable soup. Nothing could be more tragic. For example: eating confined stoves with less than 30% of the quota: 300 grams of bread a day and a bowl of vegetable soup; 30% to 80% people eat the punishment stove: 400 grams of bread, two bowls of vegetable soup; Complete 8 1% to 100% people eat production stoves: 500 to 600 grams of bread, three bowls of vegetable soup; It doesn't matter how high it is: 700 to 800 grams of bread, plus one or two gruels, and a reward dish-black and bitter pea buns made of rye flour. During this period, "fraud" became the most enthusiastic scene. Many homework monitor lied about the production data (such as the cubic number of logging), making the prisoners work less and eat more to survive, and the false data were passed down one after another. Cumulative errors always appear outside the chart, but just as bad debts are written off, the produced wood may still exist because of snow or rot. Who will be sent to verify? Is it difficult to make a special trip to audit? In many cases, it will be written off This scene, recorded in the officialdom, may be illegal and sinful in modern corporate governance, but in the Gulag, it is such a warm but very accidental flower.

Secondly, the characters in many chapters are classified. Women, handyman, social dissidents are political prisoners, social close elements are thieves, pure-hearted elements, and doll prisoners are juvenile offenders, informers and camp officials, which can be described as the complete works of all beings in the Gulag. As male readers, women's situation in Gulag is basically predictable, and they even think that many of them use pregnancy to escape general labor. Unexpectedly, quite a few of them have no feelings at all after giving birth, leaving them to fend for themselves. This is the beast magic of Gulag. In front of these women who can refuse to give up their own flesh and blood, the men who compete to be handymen in order to escape "ordinary labor" are really like Chekhov's stage play composed of ridiculous characters, which is both sad and ridiculous. Article 58, which distinguishes political prisoners from social close elements, is the real gap, which applies to all categories such as male and female minors. At best, thieves are proletarians who have made some minor mistakes. Moreover, their stealing intention is to destroy the bourgeoisie (one of the funniest serious jokes). The most important thing is that they have no intention of subverting the Soviet Union, so they belong to social close elements as a whole. The nature of political prisoners is completely different. It may even subvert the reactionary behavior of the Soviet Union. They surpassed all the prisoners and did the hardest and most tiring work. In the reform-through-labour camp, they were exploited and oppressed by social close elements. Thieves can steal political prisoners' belongings, clothes and even rations, and they can also occupy bunks away from windows and close to fires. Prison guards naturally turn a blind eye. On the one hand, they are close elements. On the other hand, they connived at these thieves to exploit the belongings of political prisoners, and finally had to make up with the prison guards by five points. Thieves can even delay in the face of "ordinary labor", but political prisoners can try? Sentenced appropriately, flogged and even destroyed to death. Even the meaning of political prisoners themselves (usually referring to social elites and intellectuals with different political views) is gradually equivalent to the opposite of its meaning-mediocrity because of its unrestricted application to the public. There's nothing we can do. Anyone who wants to bring them in without the application of criminal provisions should be classified as a political prisoner according to Article 58. Puritans, that is, bureaucrats above a certain level in the system, all fell into the gulag. Since it is systematic, of course, we should give preferential treatment. They showed their loyalty and faith to the Soviet Union to the death. They deceive the world and their own hearts. Are they really pure "pure-hearted elements"? Informants and prison guards are still the correct settings of informants and prison guards in people's minds, but they are upgraded versions of bourgeois prisons or labor camps in the czar era. The chief of each reform-through-labour camp is an upgraded version of the serf-era manor, with absolute power, greed, arrogance, cruelty and lewdness. Moreover, as a civil servant in the system, he has time constraints, unlike the manor owner who has absolute ownership and inheritance rights, so greed and cruelty are intensified. The manor owner in the tsarist era does not need to be particularly greedy, because all this is his, and he will not be cruel enough to kill serfs and die at will, because in the end he will bear the losses himself. The most shocking thing is the baby prisoner. Under the orders of great leaders, political prisoners of 16, 14, 12 or even 6 years old were born. Gulag, no adult can stand it. How can a baby prisoner who is not yet 20 years old stick to himself? Naturally, I fell into the abyss of perdition, and the soul of the whole person was gone. If there is a process of metamorphosis and distortion for adults to enter the Gulag, then doll prisoners can be said to grow into beasts directly. Ignorance, greed, violence, laziness, premature lewdness, and lack of basic interpersonal relationships and sympathy are their natural characteristics. Such a doll prisoner in a specific period constitutes one of the darkest nodes in modern human history. It is inconceivable how these people tragically entered the normal human society after they were released from prison.

Even if the prisoner adapts to the environment of the reform-through-labour camp and hopes to endure until his sentence is released, this humble desire for stability (even if it is extremely tragic) is also an extravagant hope. First, whether you can get out of prison alive; Second, once you can't stand it, you can't resist the impulse to escape; Third, the possibility of suicide. Fortunately, considering that most of the 58 articles are innocent and full of confidence in justice, their probability of committing suicide is obviously reduced; 4. Unpredictable retrial may be unexpected because of new people's reports, new evidence or new political trends, and even more unbearable than the initial trial after the initial arrest; 5. Changing to a reeducation-through-labor camp for various reasons has returned to long-distance deportation and transshipment under difficult conditions, which, like fleeing, has increased the mortality rate; 6. Even if the above five points don't happen, you may face an inexplicably aggravated sentence. The agreed ten years have somehow become twenty-five years. Of course, nothing is 100% bad, there is always a glimmer of hope or near superstition, that is, Amnesty, especially in spring, in the world of unknown factors, relying on this to fight against the top six points.

After all, no matter how big the mouth of the Gulag is, it is impossible to swallow all the people of the Soviet Union, so its wider role lies in shocking the normal world outside the Gulag, and this shock will soon drag the normal world into the abyss of spiritual erosion. Fear, indifference, distrust, informers, all the changing trends are in line with the intention of the supreme ruler and are satisfied. Worried about being implicated by relatives and comrades, worried about being tipped off by colleagues and neighbors who live together day and night, and worried about encountering unexpected troubles because of their own words or letters, how can they have the ability of independent thinking and the establishment of * * * wisdom? Free pigs deprived of their thoughts, do you still have to worry that you will jointly explore the root of all this, correct it or simply start over?

Regarding the spiritual world of gulag reform-through-labour prisoners, although the author has said a lot intermittently, there are also many contradictions, which I don't want to and can't comment on. This is impossible to get from paper. Under such circumstances, people's physical and mental state is so alienated and distorted that people turn pale (the author himself has also opened a separate chapter called "Zeke Nation"). I, a happy family, dare to expect myself to understand even 10%?

The chapter of escape and riot is a rare "wonderful plot" part of the traditional novel style in the book. Escape is a small-scale or purely personal behavior in most cases, which is very creative and exciting compared with large-scale riots. The Shawshank Redemption, a Hollywood movie from 65438 to 0994, and Prison Break, an American drama in 2005, accurately present the jailbreak of a person and a small team. However, it is only limited to the technical reproduction at the level of escape, and naturally it is impossible to restore the situation of Gulag from the degree of persecution and the high-pressure atmosphere of the whole society and politics. The escape part gave Amano more than 50 pages and made it into a large film alone. The unexpected is yet to come. Following Amano's Lonely Hero, the epic film "The Riot in Kengil Concentration Camp" faced all the known doomed failures and the harassment of the military and police outside the wall. As many as 8,000 prisoners formed an almost magical peaceful life within 40 days, with division of labor and cooperation. Even the barber shop and shoe repair shop were open normally. At the end, the author quoted robert burns as saying, "Riots can't succeed. Because once it wins, people will no longer use this name ... ". But I think the author's own words are more meaningful. "Whenever you walk past the Dolgoruki Monument in Moscow, please think about it: this monument was unveiled on the day of the riots in Kengil. In this way, it seems to be a monument to Kengill. "

Exile, under normal circumstances, should be regarded as a punishment alongside imprisonment or reform through labour, but in Gulag, it has become a natural extension of being released from prison. It goes without saying that exile is remote and difficult. The household registration system and numerous severe economic constraints in the exile make the prisoners who left the gulag still have insufficient food and clothing and are engaged in the jobs that local free people are most unwilling to undertake. Earning a negligible income, the house can barely be called a closed space with four cover plates and one roof. Even so, it must be maintained by careful words and deeds and hard work. In the part of exile, the author still compares it with the exile in the Russian era, and the conclusion is naturally the exile in the Russian era, as happy as a "nursing home". Political prisoners have enough income and time, and they can even meet and communicate freely or think and study alone. Many famous figures were able to establish their own revolutionary ideology and wrote many books during their exile.

The last part is the law after Stalin's death and today (referring to the Soviet Union in the 1960s and 1970s). To be sure, Khrushchev liberated the darkest part of the Gulag in Stalin's time. The author especially regrets that he mistakenly concentrated too much energy on Cuba and corn, but gave up liberalization or completely abolished the gulag halfway. Khrushchev thought that all the gulags written by Solzhenitsyn belonged to Stalin's era, but in fact, after a short thawing and slow release, the gulags in the 1950s quickly returned to a cruel and indifferent independent kingdom. When the outside world questions the current Gulag and even the entire judicial system, the relevant departments with strong information and resources can naturally respond to public opinion skillfully, accept your interview, receive you to visit demonstration sites and so on. This is often the case in reality. Privately communicating the truth that everyone agrees with is distorted to another track at the official level, and there is nothing you can do about it.

After reading the author's postscript, I confirmed my idea that the structure of this book is not very clear, and many single points are repeated, such as expulsion and trial, absurdity of Soviet law, hard labor camps and special labor camps, persecution of religious people and believers, and so on. Because until the last line of the book was written, the author still had no chance to put all the chapters of the book on the same table. In addition, the harsh environment in which most of his creative years lived cannot be measured by the requirements of general great writers, such as Tolstoy's rich material conditions, stable living conditions and convenient access to detailed materials when he wrote War and Peace. Therefore, many flaws in the perspective of pure literature are precisely the commendable places of this book, which embodies the characteristics of the times when it was created. I don't think the Nobel Committee paid much attention to the literariness of this book.

Looking at it, I can't help but feel that the route I took later was strikingly similar: the direct nationalization of personal property, the blind Great Leap Forward in production caused disaster, the law completely served the administration so that it could not be scrutinized according to jurisprudence, and after ten years of turmoil, the people lost their trust. The failure of any economic construction and scientific and technological measures can be blamed on the enemies of the people who work in the dark, but they can't catch such enemies ... Fortunately, our party has the function of inner-party purification, and although it is close to copying the Soviet Union, it can also cross the river by feeling the stones.

Without supervision, absolute power will produce greed, arrogance, cruelty and lewdness. There are also minors who are evil, ignorant, greedy, violent, lazy and lewd prematurely. Without basic morality and compassion, they directly grow into animals. The evils of animals and collective companies, such as telecom fraud, should be severely punished, so that criminals simply dare not set up such companies. Fear, indifference, distrust, snitching. As a person, we should always keep our conscience and stick to the bottom line and norms of doing things. The light of human nature also exists in this book, and the naive mental state full of confidence in justice and fairness should believe in justice and fairness.