How to say 2003 in classical Chinese?

1.How does the ancient Chinese in 2003 say that Kwai didn't convert the year of A.D. into the year of Jiazi? There is a very detailed method, which I forgot. I hope those who know it will remind me.

Era and "heavenly stems and earthly branches" refer to hexadecimal, and we always think of the conversion of 60 minutes per hour and 60 seconds per minute, or the conversion of rotation (angle) of 60 minutes per degree. Babylonians first used hexadecimal, and our ancestors also used hexadecimal. Some people still use heavenly stems and earthly branches, which is the 60-base system.

The calendar of Shang Dynasty adopted heavenly stems and earthly branches's 60-week calendar. The heavenly stems are "A, B, C, D, E, G, Xin, Ren and Gui" and the earthly branches are "Zi, Ugly, Yin, Mao, Chen, Si, Wu, Wei, Shen, You, Xu and Hai".

Starting from the first word "A" of Tiangan and the first word "Zi" of Dizhi, take a word combination in turn to form Jiazi, Yechou, Bingyin,.

. , until Guihai, * * * times 60 times. Then start a new cycle from Jiazi.

The following is the list of Jia Zi (or 60-day list) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 0 Jia Zi Yi Chou Bing Yin Ding Maoshen 1 Jia Yi Hai Bing Zi Ding Chou Ji Mao Xin Si Gui Renwei 2 Jia Shen Yi You Bing Yin Wei. Geng Mao Yi Si 3 B did not apply for Ding You's Wuxu Jihai Geng Chou Ren Yin Gui Mao 4 B Ding did not apply for Xinhai Ren Zi Gui Chou 5 Jia Yin Yi Mao Bing Chen Ding Si Wu Wu did not apply for Xin You Ren Hai, from the first day to the last day for ten days, so Jia Zi table is also called 60-day table. In the thirty years of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 54), only 60 branches were recorded, which is the chronology of branches.

Each cycle must start with "Jiazi", which will be called "One Jiazi" or "One Flower Jiazi" after 60 years. How do we convert the year into branches? Because the chronology of the main branches began in the thirty years of Jianwu in the Eastern Han Dynasty (AD 54).

A.D. 3 is Guihai, the last year of 60 Jiazi, so the following year is Jiazi, which is the beginning of a new cycle. Therefore, calculate (AD -3)÷60 to get the remainder r.

The remainder of R÷ 10 is X, and the remainder of r ÷ 12 is Y. And according to the following table, we can simply convert the AD year into branches.

1234567890x1234567891kloc-0/0y Zichen hasn't applied this afternoon. For example, what about the dry branch in 2000? (2000-3)÷60= 33 。

. 17 17÷ 10= 1 。

. 7 17÷ 12= 1 。

Therefore, 2000 is the year of Chen Geng. Reference: Don't work as hard as upstairs. I remember that 1900 was the year when the Boxers and Eight-Nation Alliance entered Beijing.

Then pour it. It's a 60-year cycle anyway. Winged angel's method is very good, but it seems to be simplified.

10 the aboveground stems are sorted in the order of1-10 to obtain the aboveground stem ordinal number; The earthly branches of 12 are sorted by1-12. It is concluded that the ordinal number of radix stemonae is: radix stemonae: ethylene-propylene-butyl-heptyl-octyl-nonyl-decyl; the ordinal number of radix stemonae is 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10; the ordinal number of radix stemonae is123456789 654338/kloc-0. The unit number of is taken as the ordinal number of the stem (when the unit number is 0, it is regarded as 10), and the remainder of (Gregorian year -3)÷ 12 is taken as the ordinal number of the branch (when the remainder is 0, it is regarded as 12) 2. Take unit number 2 as the ordinal number of earthly branch, that is, "b" (2005-3) ÷12 =166, and take the remainder 10 as the ordinal number of earthly branch, that is, the combination of earthly branch and earthly branch is "yiyou". Example 2: Find Jiazi 1983-3 =1980 in1983, and the unit number is 0. It is considered that 10, 10 is the ordinal number of the heavenly stem "ghost".

(1983-3) ÷ 12 =165 The remainder is 0, and12 is regarded as the ordinal number of the earthly branch "Hai". Together, heavenly stems and earthly branches is the "Guihai". Answer: 1983 is the year of Guihai.

In addition, the year of A.D. is converted into Jiazi year: formula: (heavenly stem ordinal number-earthly branch ordinal number) ÷2 * 10+3+ heavenly stem ordinal number plus any multiple of 60, for example, 1: Find the ugly year of Ding as the Gregorian calendar year. Solution: The ordinal number of the heavenly stem "Ding" is 4, and that of the earthly branch "Ugly" is 2. Substitute the above formula: (4-2) ÷ 2 */kloc-0+3+4 =17a: the first year of Ding Chou after A.D. was17,65438.

Note: If the aerial stem ordinal number is less than the terrestrial branch ordinal number, the two aerial stem ordinal numbers in the formula should be added with 10 first. Example 2: Find Wu Jianian in Gregorian calendar.

Solution: The ordinal number of Tiangan "A" is 1, and that of Dizhi "Wu" is 7. The ordinal number of "A" is less than that of "Wu", so the ordinal number of "A" is10: (1+10-7) ÷ 2 *10+3+(1).

2. On June 7th, 2003, Wu Jianian was June 26th, or the year of Huangdi = AD +2697 (year).

January: the first month, the end of the month, the beginning of the year, a beautiful month.

February: Apricot Moon, Beautiful Moon, Midspring, Moon-like.

March: seasonal month, peach month, late spring, late spring and silkworm month.

April: Maiyue, silver moon, Yue Mei, Chunyang, Xia Meng and Yuyue.

May: midsummer, Liu Yue, Puyue and Gaoyue.

June: The last month of summer, Xia Yue, the moon, the lotus moon, summer.

July: New Autumn, Qiu Lan, Blue Moon, Hanging Moon and Autumn Moon.

August: Mid-Autumn Festival, Gui Yue, Zhuangyue and Chun Zhu.

September: dusk, autumn, chrysanthemum, decline, sun and frost.

October: early winter, early winter, dew month, sunny month.

1 1 month: Winter Solstice, Long Moon, Xingyue, Jiayue, Long Yueqian.

1February: seasonal winter, remnant winter, twelfth month, frozen month and severe cold month.

3. Translation of China's classical literature: Xu Wenchang translation.

Xu Wei, with a long face, gained a high reputation when he was studying in Shanyin County. When Xue was studying in Zhejiang, he appreciated his talents and thought he was an outstanding talent of the country. However, his fate was not good, and he failed in the exam many times. After Zhong Chenghu heard his fame, Gong Zongxian invited him to visit the shogunate. Every time Wen Chang met Gong Hu, he wore a plaid robe and a black turban, and he could talk about world affairs freely. Gong Hu was very happy after hearing this. At that time, Gong Hu commanded several defense zones in the southeast of Wei Town. In front of him, warriors wearing helmets and armor always kneel and answer, crawling and walking, afraid to look up. However, Wen Chang, as his lifelong member, is very proud of Gong Hu, and all the talkers compare him to Liu Zhenchang and Du Shaoling. As it happens, Gong Hu hunted a white deer, thinking that Xiangrui was dedicated to the emperor, so he asked Wen Chang to make a congratulation form. After playing the table, Emperor Sejong was very happy. Therefore, Gong Hu appreciated Wen Chang more and gave him all his notes and notes. Wen Chang is conceited about his wisdom and strategy. He is very clever. Talking about the strategy of war often hits the nail on the head. In his view, nothing in the world is satisfactory. However, he didn't get the chance to display his ambition after all.

Because Wen Chang was frustrated in the officialdom, he drowned his sorrows by drinking and indulged in landscapes. He went to Shandong (Qilu) and Hebei (Zhao Yan) and enjoyed the desert scenery outside the Great Wall. In his poems, he wrote down all the natural and human landscapes he saw, such as towering mountains, surging waves, flying sand and thunder rumbling all over the sky, wind and rain ringing and trees falling down, even deep and desolate valleys and bustling cities, as well as strange people, strange fish and birds, which can shock and fear people. There is an indelible spirit in his chest and the sadness that heroes are useless, so his poems are sometimes like anger, sometimes like laughter, sometimes like mountain torrents rushing in the canyon, making thunderous waves, and sometimes like spring buds breaking through the ground and full of vitality. Sometimes his poems are like widows crying in the middle of the night, and sometimes like wanderers awakened by the cold wind. Although the style and rhythm of these poems are not brilliant, they are ingenious and have the spirit of princes, which is beyond the kitsch poems that serve others like women. Xu Wenchang's articles are insightful, calm and rigorous, and they do not suppress their talents and creativity because of cliché s, nor do they hurt the rigorous reasoning of the articles because of their unconstrained comments. They are first-class writers of Han Yu and Ceng Gong. Xu Wenchang never catered to fashionable arguments. He angrily attacked the so-called literary leaders at that time, so his reputation was limited to his hometown of Zhejiang. What a pity!

Wen Chang likes calligraphy, and his brushwork is bold and unrestrained, just like his poems. There is a charming gesture in the vigorous and heroic, just as Ouyang Gong said, beauty has another charm on the occasion of dying. Sometimes, he spends the rest of his energy creating flower-and-bird paintings, which are beautiful, elegant and interesting.

Later, Wen Chang was sentenced to death in prison on suspicion of manslaughter. Master Bian of Bird tried his best to rescue him, and the other party was released from prison. In his later years, Xu Wenchang became more and more disgusted with the world and pretended to be crazier. When important people visit, he often refuses to see them. He often takes money to the hotel and greets the servants to drink with him. Once he cut his head with an axe, his face was covered with blood and his skull was broken. He rubbed it with his hand and the broken bones clicked. He also pierced his ear more than an inch deep with a sharp awl, but he didn't die. Zhou Wang said that the long poems in his later years became more and more strange, but they were not engraved and preserved in the world, and the poems were hidden at home. I am an official in Zhejiang. I commissioned them to copy long poems, but I haven't got them yet. All I have ever seen is Ji and Ji. However, Xu Wenchang died in the end, because he was out of date and could not extend his ambition and resentment.

I think: Mr. Xu Wenchang's life is full of difficulties and setbacks, which makes him furious and crazy. A series of crazy attacks led him to be put in prison. From ancient times to the present, it is nothing more than Mr. Xu Wenchang's complaints and sufferings. But even so, Gong Hu is an outstanding hero, and Sejong is a wise emperor who appreciates him. Xu Wenchang received special courtesy in the curtain of Gong Hu, which shows that Gong Hu realized his value. Sejong was very happy after the watch was sent, so the emperor knew his value. The only thing that Mr. Wen Chang lacks is that he has not become an important person. The rise of Mr. Wen Chang's poems swept away the complex and humble habits of modern literary world. After a lifetime, there will be a fair conclusion. How can you say that he was born at the wrong time?

Mcpherson once wrote to me: Xu Wenchang is an old friend of mine, and his strange disease is even weirder than his eccentric, and as an eccentric, he is even weirder than his strange poems. I think there is no place in Xu Wenchang that is not surprising. It is precisely because there is no unfamiliar place, which is why there is no doomed place in his life. So sad!

4. Looking for the annotation and translation of the classical Chinese in the 2003 college entrance examination paper; No. In 2003, the annotation and translation of classical Chinese in college entrance examination papers were the same as in previous years. Classical Chinese is still extracted from X X X biography, the original text is relatively long, and it is reduced to several hundred words after compression.

It is precisely because of this that many reading obstacles are caused, which invisibly increases the difficulty of answering questions. Therefore, students should be reminded to read and think about paragraphs with jumping thinking, draw outlines and break them into parts; Then carefully carve the details related to the examination questions, and the questions will be completed. If you stick to a certain word, dwell on it, think hard and waste your energy, then you will definitely fail the exam.

There are two changes in classical Chinese this year: first, the characters have changed. In previous years, characters were always loyal or treacherous, and the traces of Facebook were obvious. Many plots that have nothing to do with the theme or are contrary to the theme are all deleted; This year, Pei Ju, a character, is loyal to others, keeps pace with the times, keeps her own reason, pursues good fortune and avoids evil, and her image is fuller, more humanized and more in line with the actual situation. Second, the article is divided into two parts, which are quoted from different classics of different dynasties. There is a contrast before and after, which is conducive to analyzing characters from multiple angles and explaining the great influence of social environment on one's ideology.

These two changes give all Chinese teachers a new inspiration: in the future, the characters in classical Chinese are likely to be fuller and more diverse than before. Because the evaluation of a person in an article is generally the same, the evaluation of the same person in two different classics is likely to be different, or even opposite.

The advantage of couplets is that people learn to look at historical figures and analyze historical events with dialectical, developing and comprehensive eyes. In addition, 1 1, 12, 14 and other traditional questions still remind teachers that the future teaching of classical Chinese should be based on textbooks, attach importance to classroom teaching, and continue to expand and expand reading on this basis, so as to achieve better teaching results.

Pei Ju, born in Wenxi, Hedong (now wenxi county, Yuncheng, Shanxi), became an orphan before he was one year old and was raised by his uncle Pei Rang. When he grew up, Pei Ju read widely and became quite famous at a young age.

At that time, Emperor Wen of Sui, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty, was appointed as the secretariat of Dingzhou, and he was sent to make a supplementary announcement, which made him very close and admired. Later, Emperor Wendi of Sui Dynasty became emperor, and Pei Ju was promoted to assistant minister of official department.

In the early years of the Great Cause, western countries sent people to Zhangye, Gansu Province to carry out business activities with China people, and Emperor Yang Guang of Yang Di sent Pei Ju to supervise this matter. Taking this opportunity, Pei Ju inspected and visited the local customs, folk customs, mountains and rivers, tribal leaders, surnames, local products and national costumes of the Western Regions. Then, I went back to Beijing and reported these things to the emperor.

The emperor was so happy that he was invited to his palace every day and asked him about the Western Regions. When the emperor visited Luoyang, the capital of the East, Pei Ju felt that many people from all over the world came to pay tribute. He suggested that the emperor call stunt teams from all over the country to Luoyang, and let them perform wonderful acrobatics such as ichthyosaurs and horns in Luoyang, and show off to the messengers of ethnic minorities with grand ostentation and extravagance.

The performance lasted a whole month before it stopped. Pei Ju also ordered that in three famous markets in Luoyang, every shop should set up a tent filled with wine and meat, and send more capable officials to lead barbarian guests to negotiate trade with their own people. Wherever they went, they were invited to sit down and drink, and the guests dispersed after eating and drinking.

Some of these people knew Pei Ju, and they all laughed at his performance and showmanship. However, Yang Di praised Pei Ju as a person who sincerely worked for the imperial court. He said, "Pei Ju knows my heart very well. Everything he said last time was an idea that had been formed in my heart, so Pei Ju knew it before I spoke.

If he has no country in his heart and thinks of the court wholeheartedly, how can this happen? "Later, Pei Ju followed Yang Di to visit Jiangdu. When Li Yuan's army captured Chang 'an, Yang-ti turned to Pei Ju for countermeasures. Pei Ju said, "Taiyuan has changed, and the situation in the capital is unstable. If you issue laws so far away, I'm afraid you will lose the key to solving the problem. Only when Your Majesty returns to Beijing in person can this storm be calmed down. "

Peiju was afraid of being killed when he saw that the situation in the world was unstable. He is considerate every time he receives others. Even small officials like small officials should make them happy and satisfied. At that time, Yang Di became more and more fatuous and extravagant. Pei Ju no longer gave him any advice, but tried his best to please him, with the ultimate goal of making Yang Di happy.

When Emperor Taizong first ascended the throne, he was an official who resolutely stopped crimes. On one occasion, it was said that many officials in yamen and case-handling departments took bribes, so (Emperor Taizong) secretly sent people (to the main officials) to send property to the door to test the truth.

The official in charge accepted a silk horse from his subordinates. Emperor Taizong was very angry and wanted to kill him. Pei Ju remonstrated, "This man should be severely punished for taking bribes. However, it is you who seduce others with something. Therefore, even if you put him to death, it is essentially a crime of framing others. I am afraid this is not an act of advocating virtue and conforming to etiquette. "

Emperor Taizong adopted his suggestion, and therefore summoned hundreds of officials and said to them, "Pei Ju can argue in court and refuse to obey (me) face to face. If everything can be handled like this, why worry about not being able to govern the country? " In the first year of Zhenguan, Pei Ju died, and he was named Jiangzhou Secretariat, and posthumous title respected him.

Minister Sima Guang said: "As the ancients said, if you are wise, you will be upright. Pei Ju was self-righteous in the Sui Dynasty, but remained loyal in the Tang Dynasty. It's not that his nature has changed If the monarch hates to hear about his shortcomings, then loyalty will become betrayal; If the monarch likes to listen to frank remarks, then betrayal will become loyalty.

Thus, the monarch is like a benchmark to measure the shadow of the sun, while the minister is like the shadow of the benchmark. If the datum moves, the shadow will move with it. " 。

5. Summarize the translation methods of classical Chinese. Summarize the translation methods of classical Chinese. 1, reservation method.

In classical Chinese sentences, all dates (year, month and day), titles (emperor's name, year number and official title) and things' names (country name, place name, person name, instrument name and chapter name) can be kept intact and can be copied without translation. Because such words do not need and cannot be translated in modern Chinese, hard translation will be self-defeating and ridiculous.

For example, "Wu Wang was trapped in Gusu and begged for his life." (Fujian Volume, 2005) In this sentence, "Wu Wang and Gou Jian" are names, and "Gusu" is a place name, so translation is not necessary.

Another example is: "The prince thinks so, and makes the riding robbery replace Le Yi." (National Volume 200 1) The "riding robbery" in this sentence is the name of a general of Yan State (according to the original sentence, "Qi people will kill him for riding robbery", which cannot be misinterpreted as "cavalry hijacking", otherwise it will laugh at the generous family.

2. Exclusion method. There are often some such function words in classical Chinese, which have no practical translation meaning in a sentence, but only play a grammatical role, such as the first word of the sentence, the auxiliary word that cancels the independence of the subject and predicate of the sentence, the marker of the inverted sentence, the modal auxiliary word that indicates the pause in the sentence, the auxiliary word that shows respect, and the foil component of some meaning compound words.

Although they are essential in the original sentence, they cannot be translated into the corresponding modern Chinese when translating this sentence, so they can be excluded from translation. After elimination, the correctness and fluency of the translated sentences will not be affected.

For example, "Guy regarded his job as strong at that time." In this sentence (Zhejiang Volume, 2005), "Gai" is the first word, which has no meaning, so it should be eliminated in translation, instead of "assuming" that it means "big Gai".

Another example is: "It's a gentleman's way not to hear about the same kind of people, and leave your ancestors out?" (Zhejiang Volume, 2006) This sentence uses the word "zhi" between the subject and the predicate, which cancels the independence of the sentence and does not need translation. 3. Supplementary methods.

Ellipsis often exists in classical Chinese sentences, such as the loss of subject, predicate and object. When translating, it is necessary to supplement the omitted elements in the original text. Only in this way can the translated sentences appear complete, fluent and expressive.

For example, "Wang listened to the imperial court beating Yan, and Ji went down to the temple to meet him, saying," Why not beat Yan and make him hungry and tired? "In order to make a correct translation, the underlined part of this sentence must be supplemented with omitted elements ("Why did you attack Ye Yan? ") ("Why did you leave for North Korea so late? " )。 Another example is: "So, I will follow, but I won't do it.

In the translation of this sentence (Shanghai Volume 2005), the omitted elements need to be supplemented, which can be translated as "So now I succeed the secretariat of Hangzhou, and I can only describe (the beautiful scenery of pavilions), but can't build (other pavilions)". If the second half of the sentence omits the supplementary translation in brackets and translates it into "only description, not reconstruction", it will be puzzling! 4. substitution method.

With the development of the times, the meanings of some words in classical Chinese have changed greatly: some words have expanded their meanings (such as "Jiang", which refers to the Yangtze River in ancient times, and now refers to the general river), some words have narrowed their meanings (such as "smelly", which refers to the general smell in ancient times, and now refers to stench in particular), and some words have changed their meanings (such as "sacrifice", which refers to animals used for sacrifice in ancient times, and now has no meaning). Therefore, when translating, these words must be replaced by modern Chinese, and in any case, the ancient meaning cannot be regarded as the present meaning.

Such as: "Sun Shuai, the prime minister of Chu, died with sincerity, and Fang's wife was poor and paid, so it's not a worry!" The word "wife" in this sentence means "wife and children" in ancient Chinese, but in modern Chinese, its meaning is narrowed and only refers to "wife". Therefore, "wife, children and children" should be used in translation.

5. Ordering method. Due to the evolution and development of language, some classical Chinese sentence patterns are quite different from modern Chinese, such as verb inversion, prepositional object sentence, postposition of attribute and postposition of prepositional phrase.

When translating these special sentence patterns, we must readjust the word order according to the expression habits of modern Chinese to conform to the reading habits of modern people. Such as: "His filial piety is heard by his family and his letter is believed by his friends.

(National Volume 2004) This sentence belongs to adverbial postposition sentence, which does not conform to the word order of modern Chinese. Therefore, the translation should be adjusted, which can be translated as "his filial piety spreads among his people, and his credit and morality stand out among his friends." Another example is: "Is it called General Li?" (National Volume 2002) This sentence belongs to the prepositional object sentence, and the prepositional object should be adjusted when translating (that is, "Is it called General Li?" ), in line with the grammatical habits of modern Chinese, can be translated as "probably about General Li?" .

6. Interpretation method. In order to facilitate marking, several key scoring points are often set in the classical Chinese translation test questions of the college entrance examination, and most of these key scoring points are reflected in the keywords in the sentence.

When answering questions, if you can accurately translate these keywords, you can easily score; If the translation is wrong or inaccurate, you will lose points with regret. How to translate these keywords? ① Associative text reasoning.

In translation, we often encounter some "familiar and unfamiliar words" which are still meaningless after "pushing" and "knocking". I don't know that the "blocking words" in these translations are "familiar words" in the text.

At this point, if we can associate the usage of related words in the text, compare them with each other and distinguish their similarities and differences, we can accurately infer their meanings. For example, The Record claims that there are seven wonders around the mountain, and it seems that there are no wings to slow down with the ship.

The word "strange" in this sentence (the final volume of Zhuji City in 2007) is easily misunderstood as "there are wonders". If we can link it with the junior middle school text "The Story of the Nuclear Ship" (the translation of this sentence means "the ship is about eight minutes long from beginning to end"), we can accurately infer that the meaning of "odd" in the test question is "many".

Another example: "Flowers bloom as thin as cicadas when they die." If you don't think of this sentence in translation, it will be quite tricky: what does "death" mean in the sentence? If we can think of "nothing kills people with anecdotes" in the article "Promoting Weaving", we will suddenly understand that "nothing" means "fast", while "death" means "nothing" and "death" means "nothing".

6. Summary of translation methods of classical Chinese 1. Basic methods: literal translation and free translation.

There are two basic methods of classical Chinese translation: literal translation and free translation. The so-called literal translation refers to the word-for-word translation of the original text with modern Chinese words, so that the content words and function words are as opposed as possible. The advantage of literal translation is the implementation of every word; Its disadvantage is that sometimes the translated sentences are difficult to understand and the language is not fluent enough. The so-called free translation means translating according to the meaning of the sentence, conforming to the original intention as much as possible, and taking care of the original intention as much as possible. Free translation has certain flexibility, which can add or subtract words, change the position of words and change sentence patterns. The advantage of free translation is that the text is coherent, and the translation conforms to the expression habits of modern languages and is fluent, fluent and easy to understand. Its disadvantage is that sometimes the original text cannot be realized word by word. These two translation methods should be mainly literal translation, supplemented by free translation.

Second, specific methods: leave, delete, supplement, change, adjust and change.

"Stay" means to keep. All words with the same meaning in ancient and modern times, as well as ancient names of people, places, things, officials, countries, years and units of measurement. , can remain unchanged when translating.

"Delete" means delete. Delete function words that do not need to be translated in classical Chinese. For example, "Pei Gong joined Fan Kuai"-Fan Kuai, Pei Gong's bodyguard. "This is also" is an ending auxiliary word, which is not translated.

"Supplement" means supplement. (1) Turn monosyllabic words into disyllabic words; (2) make up the omitted elements in the ellipsis sentence; (3) Fill in the omitted sentences. Note: Fill in the omitted components or sentences with brackets.

"Change" means replacement. Replace ancient words with modern words. For example, replace "I, Yu, Yu" with "I" and "II, Ru" with "You".

"Adjustment" means adjustment. Adjust ancient Chinese inverted sentences to modern Chinese sentence patterns. When translating subject-predicate inversion sentences, prepositional object sentences, prepositional object postposition sentences and attributive postposition sentences, the word order should generally be adjusted to conform to modern Chinese expression habits.

"Change" means flexibility. On the basis of being faithful to the original text, relevant words are vivid. If the waves are calm, you can make the lake calm.

Translation formula of ancient Chinese

Classical Chinese translation has its own order, so you can read the whole article first and grasp the main idea.

Understand the theme first, collect information, from paragraphs to sentences, from clauses to words,

Understand all, be clear, and be careful when dealing with difficult sentences.

Take care of the previous paragraph, connect with the next sentence, think carefully and try to figure out the tone.

Strive to be reasonable, reasonable and closely related.

If omitted, fill in the original intention and put brackets to indicate the gain.

Names and place names, without translation, names, as usual,

I and Yu are mine, and Er and You are yours. Omitting inversion is regular.

Content words and function words, with the interpretation of the text, sensitize the sense of language, and vary from sentence to sentence.

After translation, you must carefully compare the sentences and understand the tone.

The sentence was fluent, and then I stopped writing.