Brief Introduction of the Author of Water Margin

The Water Margin is one of China's four classical novels. It is a chapter-by-chapter novel with the Sung River Uprising as the main story background at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, and it belongs to a heroic legend in genre. The author or editor is generally regarded as Shi Naian, and most of the existing periodicals have one or two people, Shi Naian and Luo Guanzhong.

The book describes the great story of Liangshan hero's resistance to oppression, the growth of Liangshan in Shui Bo and his surrender to the imperial court, as well as the repression of political forces such as Fox, Wang Qing and Fang La who opposed the Song government the day after tomorrow, which finally led to tragic failure. It artistically reflects the whole process of the Sung River Uprising from its occurrence, development to failure in China history, profoundly reveals the social roots of the uprising, enthusiastically praises the uprising heroes' resistance struggle and social ideals, and specifically reveals the internal historical reasons for the failure of the uprising.

The Water Margin is one of the earliest Zhang Hui vernacular novels in the history of China, which is widely circulated and well known. At the same time, it is also one of the most epic works in China literature, which has a far-reaching influence on narrative literature in China and even East Asia.

Shi Naian (about 1296— about 1370), formerly known as Yanduan, whose real name was Zhao Rui, was nicknamed Zi 'an and posthumous title Naian. A native of Xinghua, Taizhou, born in Suzhou, the son of Zhou people, was born in Baiju Town, Xinghua (now Dafeng District, Yancheng City). /kloc-entered the private school at the age of 0/3,/kloc-Jinshi at the age of 0/9, Jinshi at the age of 29 and Jinshi at the age of 35.

Between the ages of 35 and 40, I worked as an official in Qiantang for two years, but later I didn't agree with the current situation and returned to Suzhou. Zheng Zheng was 60 years old in the 16th year (1356), and Zhang Shicheng was recruited by Sue. He befriended Bian and Zhang Shicheng, and then moved to Jiangyin to teach in Zhutang Town. 7/kloc-moved to Xinghua at the age of 0 or 72, and moved to Baijuchang and Shijiaqiao. Zhu Yuanzhang repeatedly refused to levy; Finally, I lived in Huai 'an at the age of 74. This book is Water Margin, one of the four classical novels.

Extended data:

"Water Margin" mainly describes the story of 108 heroes gathered in Liangshan Park, Shandong Province at the end of the Northern Song Dynasty.

Shijin, Kowloon was condemned for offending the government. In desperation, he had to go to another place. Later, I met a junior officer named Ruda, and they chatted in the hotel. They learned that the singer's father and daughter were bullied by the local bully Zheng Tu. Lu da gave money, sent his father and daughter back to their hometown and took the initiative to find you. He killed Zheng Tu with three punches. Afterwards, he abandoned his post and fled, and transferred to Wutai Mountain to become a monk. His legal name is "Shen Zhi".

Lu couldn't stand the shackles of Buddhist rules and regulations, so the elders in the temple had to introduce him to Suoguo Temple in Tokyo (Kaifeng) to look after the vegetable garden. During this period, by chance, he met Lin Chong, the head coach of the 800,000 imperial army in Tokyo.

Gao Yanei, the son of Gao Taiwei, lusted after the beauty of Lin Chong's wife. He framed Lin Chong, framed him for "taking a knife" into Baihutang, sent him to Cangzhou, and attempted to kill Lin Chong on the way. Thanks to the secret escort all the way, he was able to save the day. After Lin Chong was sent to Cangzhou, he killed the enemy in Liangshan.

There is a classic near Liangshan. When it was learned that Liang Zhongshu, the son-in-law of treacherous court official Cai Jing, had sent Yang Zhi to Beijing to escort the "birthday program", Wu Yong set a plan to rally seven other heroes to rob the birthday program and go to Liangshan. Yang Zhi lost his "family planning" and couldn't go back to work, so he joined Lu Shenzhi and occupied Erlong Mountain.

There was a hero named Song Jiang in Yuncheng. He had an affair with his mistress Yan Poxi. Knowing that the robbers from Sung River and Liangshan had come and gone, she threatened them in every way. In a rage, Sung River killed Yan Poxi, fled to Chai Jin Zhuang, a small whirlwind, and met Song Wu. After Song Wu broke up with Song Jiang, he killed a tiger in Jingyanggang and became a hero. Later, when he went to yanggu county as a military attache, he happened to meet his long-lost brother Wu Da.

However, his sister-in-law Pan Jinlian didn't behave like a woman. While Song Wu was away, she colluded with Ximen Qing and poisoned Wu Da. When Song Wu came back, he found out how he felt, killed two people and avenged his brother. Later, he was sent to Mengzhou, met with kindness, got drunk and beat Jiang Menshen, became angry from embarrassment and killed Zhang Dujian's family, and also moved to Erlong Mountain to settle down.

After Song Jiang broke up with Song Wu, he defected to Huarong, the owner of Qingfeng Village stockade, and was soon recalled by his father. He was sent to Jiangzhou because he was reported. One day, he was drunk and accidentally wrote "anti-poetry" and was sentenced to death. Fortunately, the Liangshan brothers robbed the court and saved him. Song Jiang insisted on going home to visit his father, and was repeatedly in danger, and finally went to Liangshan.

Then, after three strikes in Zhujiazhuang, Liangshan gained momentum by sending troops to save Chai Jin. Then beat off Gao Taiwei's three-way troops in a row, met Taohua Mountain, Erlong Mountain and Liangshan Mountain, and returned to Shui Bo. Then Classical was unfortunately killed by an arrow, and Lu Junyi went to Liangshan after many twists and turns. Liangshan Rebel Army attacked Zengtou City and repelled several imperial attacks. Many of them also took part in Liangshan Juyi. Finally, Liangshan * * * recruited 108 warriors, and arranged the seating of "Thirty-six plough and Seventy-two Dungeons".

Facing the situation that Liangshan rebels became more and more brave, the court changed its strategy and sent people to win over. So, under the guidance of Song Jiang and others' compromise thought, Quanliangshan accepted this appeal and was reorganized into the Zhao and Song armies. Rulers adopted the strategy of "impeded" and ordered Liangshan heroes to conquer Liao and Fang La. After years of war, only 27 of 108 heroes remain.

However, even these survivors failed to escape the bad luck that followed. Seeing that Liangshan heroes fought alone, the rulers killed Song Jiang and others shortly after awarding the title: Song Jiang and Lu Junyi were poisoned by medicated wine and mercury respectively, Li Kui jy was dragged to be buried with Song Jiang when he died, and Wu Yong and Hua Rongdao hanged themselves in Liaoerwa. A vigorous uprising was thus stifled.

In the Southern Song Dynasty, the story of Liangshan heroes was widely circulated. At that time, Gong Kai, a painter and writer, wrote a preface to the praise of thirty-six people in Song Jiang, saying: The stories of thirty-six people including Song Jiang have spread all over the streets; Painters also write pictures and shadows for them.

The earliest blueprint of Water Margin is the legacy of Xuanhe in Song Dynasty, which focuses on the main characters such as Yang Zhi selling knives, Chao Gai ganging up to grab the birth outline, Song Jiang killing and Lin Chong, jy, and He Lu. During the Song and Yuan Dynasties, there were many stories adapted from Water Margin. In Yuan Zaju, the number of Liangshan heroes increased from 36 to 108.

Shi Naian sorted out and processed the stories and characters in Water Margin, and faithfully accepted the views of the people in the process of writing Water Margin, which is the ideological basis for the great achievements of Water Margin.

"Water Margin" comes from the sentence "Ancient Fu, riding a horse to the DPRK, leading to the water margin in the west, as for Qi Xia" in the Book of Songs. However, there has always been disagreement about the exact meaning of this title.

There is a saying that Shi Naian, the author, hated treacherous officialdom. After only two years in office, he resigned and returned to his hometown to teach and write The Biography of Jianghu Vendors. The book was finally published, and Shi Naian was satisfied with the plot, except for the bad title.

At that time, Luo Guanzhong, a student in Shi Naian, suggested that the title should be Water Margin. Hearing this, Shi Naian said happily again and again, "Good, good! This title is great! Water Margin', meaning the edge of the water, means' in the wild', which is in line with the allusion in the Book of Songs that' the old duke Tan Fu came to the DPRK to lead the horse and led the west to the water margin, but as for ambiguity'. Wonderful! " Thus, The Legend of the Jianghu Vendors was officially renamed The Water Margin.

Taking the occurrence and development of peasant uprising as the main line, this book describes the whole process from individual awakening to small-scale joint resistance and then to the grand peasant uprising team through the different experiences of heroes being caught up with Liangshan, shows the inevitable law of peasant uprising in feudal times, shapes the group image of peasant uprising leaders, and profoundly reflects the political situation and social contradictions in the late Northern Song Dynasty.

On the side of the oppressed, the author praised the just actions of the leaders of the peasant uprising to rob the rich and help the poor, eliminate violence and quell chaos, and affirmed their revolutionary spirit of daring to resist and struggle. Song Jiangyuan is a brave man who used his quick wits to help the poor. When he was driven to Liangshan, he strengthened the prestige of the rebels and won a series of victories.

However, due to the duality of his personality and the limitations of his thoughts, he chose to compromise and win over when the uprising reached its peak, and finally ruined the uprising. Through the failure of Sung River uprising, the novel objectively summarizes the experience and lessons of the failure of peasant uprising in feudal times.

The story begins with the rise of Gao Qiu, which is intended to show that Gao Qiu is the representative of the feudal ruling group. The author also wrote a large number of corrupt officials and local bullies. It is they who collude with each other and fish the people, forcing the kind and upright people to take risks and rise up.

At the same time, the novel also describes the peasant rebels in tian hu, Wangqing, Fang La and other areas to a certain extent, and deeply digs into various social phenomena and problems in feudal times from the breadth and depth, as well as the deep-seated reasons of peasant uprisings.

References:

Baidu Encyclopedia-Water Margin