What works or representative writers describe love in literature?

192 1, in order to commemorate the anniversary of the Revolution of 1911 10, Lu Xun published the novella The True Story of Ah Q in the supplement of Beijing Morning Post, and Zhang Hui signed the cry of "Collection of Short Stories on Tax Collection", and then serialized the novels in stages, showing us the real face of China society and a group of abnormal China people's revolutions.

AQ is a masterpiece of Lu Xun's novels, which is called the history described by the writer's template. Drawing lessons from Luxun's excellent pen in the west as a scalpel, a great deal of analysis is made on the art of revolutionary novels, which is the historical reappearance of this truth. "Lu Xun is a profound literary reflection revolution, which provides us with guidance and a sense of direction. Lu Xun's revolutionary perseverance and the writer's compassion describe and summarize the social roots of the failure of the Revolution of 1911.

At the same time, he is a deeper thinker, inspired by his position and angle, focusing on this great social change, as well as the predicament and outlet in the process of humanistic cultural transformation, and deeply thinking and exploring the problem of transforming the country. The historical background of the Revolution of 1911 is the life of the enterprise, the life of Ah Q and the journey of fate.

As we all know, Shaoxing, the hometown of Lu Xun, why do you want to talk about social background? Lu Xun's personal experience in Shaoxing is profound. For example, he once cut his braid and put on his uniform. He was regarded as a "foreign devil", which led to a "weaving disaster". The "fake foreign devil" in the novel appeared, as if it had become a prototype. Then after the recovery of Hangzhou, the news of Shaoxing was in chaos. "The city fled to the countryside, and the countryside fled from the city to the countryside." People lived in fear. This is the current situation he witnessed.

"It is particularly incredible that there are more thorns in Shaoxing, Lu Xun's hometown: 19 1 1 year, many famous martyrs have appeared here, including Tao, Xu Xilin, Qiu Jin and Shaoxing, which are not only the headquarters of the Guangfu Association, but also 19 1 year. And its hometown morality is extremely conservative and backward, such as the ignorance and numbness spread by Ah Q, Sister Xianglin and Hua Laoshuan. All it needs is humiliation. This strong contradiction and contrast deeply stimulated Lu Xun's obsession and provided power and resources for writing a series of novels in the future. My hometown is as drunk as Beijing "-Shaoxing is a microcosm of old China, and Lu Xun's hometown is very complicated, which is a wonderful paradox.

This artistic expression of the Revolution of 1911 in Lu Xun's novels accords with his consistent position and attitude. As early as in the struggle between revolutionaries and royalists, he firmly supported the revolutionaries who demanded compensation and joined the Restoration Alliance. The news of Wuchang Uprising and the recovery of Hangzhou spread in Shaoxing, warmly welcoming the broad masses of the people, and local officials of Manchu fled one after another, but the new regime has not yet been established, resulting in a political vacuum and social order chaos. This situation changed suddenly, and Lu Xun stepped forward and organized progressive teachers and students to take to the streets for armed patrols. The power of waiting for him played a very good role in possible accidents. Wang Jinfa Cheng Xia Shaoxingshan Normal School has established a new military and political branch, Lu Xun.

Lu Xun's hometown Shaoxing 19 1 1 witness, he participated in initiating and establishing a magazine of Errenzhuan, praising the revolution for "improving the level of the anti-Japanese war in Hubei, and all kinds of responses were fruitful, so China recovered the southeast mansion anyway, and also impressed their master's property," cheering "the people's morale Zhang Peng, laughing and laughing. The speech of freedom puts forward the best day for individual rights, pro-democracy and political party development, foot and weakness, political and social cover, and the shock of fearless spirit. " After the failure of the revolution, I first saw the deteriorating regime and corruption of Mr. Lu Xun's ruling clique in Tibet. Therefore, his criticism was directed at Wang Jinfa and those who reformed "opportunism".

The revolutionary movement, Lu Xun's ideological revolution, especially emphasizes the insensitive and ignorant masses, which reflects a very important point, that is, the survival of the country's politics and nation, the pain of regime change, the right and wrong, and the lack of sensitivity and understanding of life-and-death issues. Go to the fox hole, peaches and even the first novel, but the masses are ignorant, and his heart is very painful and cynical. "The True Story of Ah Q, we should pay special attention to the overall performance. The elevator and Zhao Tailongye and other scholars have directly described and reflected the revolution of reactionary forces such as the" nun revolution ","salt revolution ","salt reform "and elevator conflict. ,

According to this idea, we might as well analyze the environment, plot and characters of the three elements of the novel.

Looking at the environment, rumors of "revolution", "revolutionary party entering the city" and "restless" have shocked the people in the village. The true story of revolution, the seventh chapter of The True Story of Ah Q, is rendered in this special atmosphere. At the beginning of the year, it was another new revolution. The so-called "Yang" pen was written in 19 1 1.

The great historical role of the novel revolution has been fully affirmed, which truly reproduces the great influence of feudal rule for thousands of years. In ancient times, an extremely knowledgeable person was an emperor. Long live the Bandung brand is a fake foreign devil, and Zhao Xiucai smashed it, but after all, they used the wave of the Revolution of 1911. What is more remarkable is the classic fear of elevators in famous cities. The revolution quickly transferred property and fled the country together. Due to local feudal forces, such as Ye Qian, the county magistrate of Zhao Tailong, he became a representative figure living in constant fear. Zhao Tailong Ye was embarrassed to face the old Q called "Ah Q" in the low wind, which made him feel as comfortable as drinking six In the snow, "unspeakable fresh and comfortable", which is happiness.

However, a few days later, it was not the people in the village, but "reflected in its quiet days." This is because "I don't think there is any big blame for the revolutionary party entering the city." The revolutionary "predicted that one Zhao Tailong's leaves would be salty, but the new one was a false alarm, which would turn the tables against the trend." This is a new revolution, 19 1 1 year's so-called "containment" pen.

After The Village, in Chapter 8, "No Revolution" and "In the silence of Emperor Xi at night, nothing seems to have happened. Wang Yangming's "Learning" said: "The air on the Qingming night is silent, no, I don't care, it is indifferent to the yellow world. In the early days, the air was clear, and the world of harmony, harmony, harmony, harmony, Yao and Shun was the meteorological level of the former etiquette fairs in China and Japan. Of course, it is the world of Xia, Shang and Zhou dynasties. "There are clear antonyms that satirize the enemy's' restoration' and everything goes back to the previous state. Lu Xun's description method of "promoting first and then restraining" adopts the cycle structure of night-day-night in time, which seems to be experiencing a vigorous revolution.

Look at the plot, and put the plot lines and contradictions that are organically connected in the two directions at the intersection. Lu Xun, with more internal skill, vividly described the historical truth of the old democratic revolution from a unique perspective. For example, A Q's "Revolution" yearns for one side and Zhao Tailongye's "Revolution" on the other side, which is a sideline queue of opposing classes' life struggle "chasing the wind on the one hand and creating momentum for speculation on the other", and is a competition between old and new ideas. Revolution is Ah Q's life, historical background, and his life course. Even the fate of this little guy has been pushed to the forefront, and the victim of two-way conflict is really a great record in the world. At the performance connection point of the new general elevator, Zhao Tailongye, scholars and fake foreign devils pretended to be the reactionary forces of the country, but the people represented by Ah Q became the foil, which was very weak. Many typical events and plots were vivid, which made readers see the true face of this revolution. BR/>； The contradiction and conflict in the novel, the dramatic symbol of "white helmet and white armor", as a fragment repetition, can not fail, causing readers' attention and thinking. At the beginning of the legend, the revolutionary party was all white helmets and white people replied: Those who wore gold and silver created the Emperor Huang Zheng. 19 1 1 year is still closed and can't stand the old routine of visible revolution. Is it sad? Ah Q thought that the image of "white helmet and white armor" must be a "revolution", which occupied his brain tenaciously and vividly and occasionally produced strength. Finally, Zhao robber ",it seems to have many white helmets, and he sees the white one." In people's minds, the revolution is always a tough battle, a road and an unknown thing to chew. Ah Q, anyway, anyway, this is the magic of being a rebel and taking refuge.

Don't underestimate this ghostly white helmet and armor, because it symbolizes the deep-rooted feudal thought, and it is not easy to transform its life. That is: a good thief on the mountain hurts his heart, and the thief can't be removed (Wang Yangming's words). Of course, the stubborn feudal forces of the old bourgeois democratic revolution fought World War I, which is an epic, but the pale and fragile balance of power has become "white helmet and white armor". Looking at the historical limitations of the Little Revolution, it is impossible to "mobilize millions of workers and peasants to work together" (in Mao Zedong). Lu Xun was most concerned about the awakened masses and their revolutionary attitude, which aroused the understanding and support of the broad masses of the people. The lack of rural areas has not changed, which is the fundamental problem of the revolution.

Xian restored the seemingly humorous language, which contains rich historical content and Lu Xun's profound thinking. With his superb skills and outstanding talents, he gave people strong satire and criticism, which made people feel that the revolution was a farce in history. Lu Xun, "Ah Q is on his own", is both ridiculous and sad, immersed in a sharp pen.

And the most important thing is the ideological track and personality of the characters, and the typical literary image created. Mr. Lu Xun's exquisite line drawing art vividly draws "Xiang" Ah Q. First of all, the living area? Ah Q, his feet are not in good shape. The revolutionary wind came, and this Q "boasted" and simply "flew". Under normal circumstances, we proudly retreated from the former Zhao Tailong Ye to the goal of "revolution" and "crossing the border" and entered a good aerodynamic package, but later he even "revolution" or "people's livelihood". The situation suddenly became the "surrender" of Ah Q's "revolution". He was embarrassed to jump into the government's money. The poor man was ill and hoped to "escape" from the house again. He listlessly "drank on credit" until the hotel closed and went back to sleep. The pace is vivid and realistic, and the footnote "ignorance" is not wonderful? The tragic ending of Tu Youyou's Ci is the end of daily life, and the starting point of comedy is poverty, backwardness, narrowness, boredom, ecology and peasant identity.

Ah Q is a mixture of "spontaneous resistance" and "spiritual satisfaction" in the ideological circle, and it is also a kind of "social circle". How to win? What is "revolution" in his mind? There is no such idea as "I am what I want, and I am who I like", only his dream has come true. In fact, Ah Q is unconscious, but there is something wrong with his spirit: he is proud for a while, full of pride for a while, and no one looks at him for a while; Feel dejected again "fell down, panicked, looked around, infinite consternation. This reflects the general public's desire-doubt-loss for revolutionary psychology: a "vicious circle", which is repeated repeatedly, thus revealing revolutionary people, rather than deeply rooted in historical characteristics. Ah Q cried happily and sadly, "Twenty years is one ..." In the place where he was executed, this made his spiritual victory law satisfied for the last time. In such a vicious circle, he can only close himself and deceive himself, which is a typical portrayal of the so-called "national character." "

Third, the fate of Yuan Ah Q, the ending of the novel is that his life drew a noose shaped like a "circle" before the execution, and he also pulled the round steel regretfully. It is meaningful to elaborate. It was deprived of a poor peasant with nothing, and even its life was more vulnerable to injustice than the revolution. Class status and living conditions provide the necessary premise. Of course, the status quo of the transformation, "excluding the requirements of the China Revolution, will Ah Q do it? Since the revolution, let's do it. " But the Revolution of 1911 changed only the appearance, not people's thoughts. He is equally confused, ignorant and ignorant. They and the world around them don't know what happened. What happened?

We think that "circle" is "zero" and equals "nothing". This is Ah Q's "three nothings": a homeless life, an unfounded mind and a fate without poverty. You can hear his last voice of life as "accumulating energy in life". Lu Xun's Diary of a Madman was published, calling for "saving children", which was fixed as the eternal echo of history.

The change of revolutionary regime cannot escape the vicious circle of history, as Lu Xun said: there are only two time periods. "Want to be a slave, not an era; The era of temporary stability of slaves. " Alas, the revolution drove away the Manchu emperor, but it could not drive away the "servility" of the country. This is a thought-provoking question.

After The True Story of Ah Q was released, some people wanted to make it into a movie, but Lu Xun didn't agree. He pointed out that when replying to the intention of The True Story of Ah Q, I paid attention to various comments and felt that not many people could understand Lu Xun. The same boring people on the screen smile a little differently, so it's best not to do it. "

Now it seems that the "diaphragm" is really important, and the far-reaching vision has pointed to the inner problem: the revolution caused a sensation, but its "diaphragm" with the people is an objective reality, so the "diaphragm" is an obstacle to the mind, and it is impossible to understand and communicate, which is the crux of Lu Xun's diagnosis and analysis of the Revolution of 1911. Another novel by Lu Xun, Medicine, has more explanations. BR/>； Yuan Mei created a ghost novel "Inheritance", which contains the story of "blood": "Human blood steamed bread, medical treatment. Yes, the jailer Yang's blood. He just got home and suddenly put his hand on his throat and shouted, "Give me back my blood! "In the place where Lu Xun transplanted Hua Laoshuan to buy steamed bread with human blood, his son cured tuberculosis, the blood of the revolution, and became a good medicine for fools. As a result, Xiao Shuan lost his life. This absurd story is a profound historical tragedy.

Lu Xun said, "It is the soul that really needs to mention history." A whole century has passed since the revolution, and there is still something to think about when we review history and sum up their experiences and lessons. 19 1 1 boasting about the era of anti-feudal revolution just ignored the ideological mobilization of the revolution, made strategic mistakes, and ignored the masses, especially the peasants, so that the masses not only did not realize the feudal poison caused by the revolution that overthrew the Manchu government, but even took the actions of the feudal ethical code system as the criterion. The harm of this "diaphragm" even developed into a "gap", which objectively seriously hindered the process of revolution.

The True Story of Ah Q written by Lu Xun is a thorough reflection: the revolution of 19 1 1 did not bring the gospel of Ah Q, nor did it change their life and destiny, not to mention the influence and change of spiritual countryside and farmers, and the "national character" transformed has no substantive significance. Lu Xun's life experience and ideological understanding, he is very familiar with history, feudalism and too strong and stubborn tradition. Therefore, China's reform, recovery and revolution have always been suspicious and even pessimistic. In the traditional countries such as Lu Xun and China, they can only produce a large number of stupid and disorderly Ah Q, so that the "man-eating feast" is extremely difficult to bear any enlightenment, reform and revolution.

& gt The description of the relationship between Ah Q and the revolution, Lu Xun objectively revealed the historical limitations of the revolution, expressed his disappointment with the revolution, and also expressed Ah Q's serious ills and doubts about the ability of national transformation, which was portrayed as Lu Xun's "silent national soul". In a sense, revolution and mutual cause and effect, Lu Xun's True Story of Ah Q contains rich and profound literary themes and ideological significance, and its innovative insight into the human mind is always worth learning by future generations.

Today we still need a way of thinking to commemorate the Revolution of 1911. The transformation of Lu Xun and Ah Q's spirit and national character cannot be a simple or one-way hope for AA social reform. The so-called "one-off reform" must be carried out continuously and "fight hard"!

The relationship between political parties and the public determines the fate of the country. The 90-year history has proved the establishment of China's * * * production party. Now "people's livelihood" comes first, which is a very good sign. The separation of social life, Mr. Lu Xun was once a problem that we still need to continue to explore today. He also warned that "China people's national character is what they lack most, that is, people", and we will always call for that kind of honest and charitable humanity and moral popularization to become harmonious: to curb the distance more or less close; Curb indifference, greet more, be more honest, cheat more, and love more sincerely.

On the occasion of the 30th anniversary of Lu Xun's birth/KLOC-0, Chinese people will always miss soul of china.

We should first talk about what is reflective literature.

Social conditions: the chaos of political order, the ideological liberation movement of society.

The situation of writers: the rate of return of "right" writers; Young writers stand out.

Ideological conditions: literature is no longer a satisfactory way to expose scars, but tries to create a profound historical overall thinking.

Reflection: critical thinking, the fate of history, society and individuals during the Cultural Revolution in the early Republic of China. The object of reflection: the fate of the broader right-wing youth, cadres, rural areas, military camp life, businessmen and "traitors" during the Cultural Revolution. The tentacles of thinking, the leftmost part left by the pursuit, and profound historical reasons.

The theme reflected is: Renaissance writers, educated youth writers and female writers can all be related to "scar literature".

Compared with scar literature, reflective literature is no longer satisfied with the pain and trauma of the past, and the painful history of trying to trace the reasons and motives is no longer limited to the history of the Cultural Revolution for many years, but the realistic scenic spot has changed from 1957 or earlier. Re-exploring the right and wrong of history has been proved to be a wrong and correct policy by practice. It has always been believed that this line and event have raised doubts and profound artistic expression, which is the basic starting point for literature to reflect. In the early days, in order to reflect the rise of literature, "anti-Rightists" expanded, and events such as "Great Leap Forward" and "Cultural Revolution" were constantly proved to be in the historical reality of literature, which would constitute the main theme of reflecting literature. Almost all the reflective literary works in this period were downright tragedies, which concentrated on the bumpy course of the whole country. RuZhiJuan's Miscellaneous Stories is one of the representative works of Zhang Gong's prisoner Li Tongzhong.

The following quotes the first floor.

Reflection on literary writers Zhang Xianliang, Wang Meng, Ru Zhijuan, Sheng and Wang Anyi.

(A) political reflection: Wang Meng's Butterfly is Du Like He Juan's Wrong Story.

(B) the embodiment of human nature: China's ancient "furong town".

(C) Reflect nationality: Gao Xiaosheng "Chen Huansheng City".

(4) Suffering from reflexology: Half of the men in Liang's novels Spirit and Body, Revelation and Greening Trees are middle-aged women.

(5) Reflection on social reality:

The Confusion of Idealists "Man" and "Anecdotes of the Western Front" in the Pioneer Literary Works of the New Army

(6) Reflection on life

Educated youth novels: Shi Tiesheng's My Distant Qingping Bay, Wang Anyi's Train to the End, Xiaosheng: This is a magical land, and there is a blizzard tonight.

(7) Cultural reflection

Zhang Wei's Ancient Ship and the Soul of Chen's White Deer Plain

Reflective literary writing is no longer mainly about intellectuals, young intellectuals and veteran cadres, but has reached a wider audience, a more basic survival level and a more secret level. Zhou Mao and His Daughter "(1979) and furong town by Gu Hua (198 1) not only sharply reflect social, historical and political problems, but also reveal the trauma and mental pain suffered by China's" Cultural Revolution "or ultra-left politics. Xu Mao and his daughter recalled: "Since the cooperation, the living conditions of Xu Mao, a poor farmer of Hulu dam in Sichuan village, have been tortuous, showing the living conditions of ordinary farmers during the Cultural Revolution. Xu and his daughter left deep scars in their hearts. Xu is a selfish, eccentric, heartless and indifferent land reform activist. Even his daughter's pain in China and France can be ignored for fear of being implicated. His four daughters, Yun Xuxiu, are the kindness of a writer and the traditional virtue of China people. In the ideal image of rural women, she is not only kind and gentle, but also strong-willed, rebellious and brave in pursuing her own ideals, pinning the writer's beautiful imagination of women on her happy body. Xinjin Dongshui is also an excellent quality, indomitable perseverance and tough guy image. They were treated inhumanely during the Cultural Revolution and were exhausted physically and mentally, but their confidence in the people and the socialist cause never wavered. This novel focuses on their trauma and will to survive. It is also the hope of the nation that they are "persecuted" or "damaged". " "furong town" also reflects good literature, and more profoundly shows the fate of ancient China people and their sympathy for human genetic variation. There is even "The Root of Sports Disease" by Li Xiang, a pioneer of left-minded ideology and politics, which has brought forgiveness, pain and disaster to Wang Qiu. They have no "victims" of the "Cultural Revolution", and their wounds deserve sympathy. Who will soothe their wounds? This is "furong town". Compared with the same period last year, the work is commendable.

The discovery of reflective literature is also reflected in the tribute to deliberately highlighting the theme of "humanitarian" marriage and excavating the value of human life. Chen Rong's novella Middle Age (1980 1) is called "humanitarian declaration". This novel is "basic living conditions, discussing people's values and rights." Lu Wen listened to the couple's life demands and paid attention to their living conditions. At the same time, he pointed out that the development of our country is closely related to their living conditions and values. This will make the work have a strong sense of social responsibility and urgency, become the mainstream ideology of concern, and become the masterpiece of social problem novels. In the "New Realistic Novels" in the late 1980s, "Man" Chen Rong paid attention to a specific social status, and the protagonist represented the whole middle-aged intellectual class. early stage

In the 1980s, establishing the status of love and calling for free choice of marriage was an important theme in literature. The Collection of Short Stories with Strings, Love in the Forgotten Corner by Lu Yao, Life and Growing Old by Zheng Yi almost all describe Jason's repeated questioning and thinking about "the moral level of love cannot be forgotten" with the best "goodness" or "evil" of love. This profound thought mainly comes from personal experience or the profound insights of female writers. "Love an ordinary peasant woman and her two daughters through a remote mountain village in a forgotten corner. Love experiences in different historical periods reveal the abnormal situation of feudal consciousness and material life, spiritual life, poverty and political life. At the turn of the 20th century, in the 1970s, young people were constantly being swallowed up, and it felt good to distort normal human nature. This novel is obviously full of longing for free love and marital autonomy. When mother Ling Hua heard her second daughter's sister crying and saying, "When your daughter was shopping, yes," Ling Hua was shocked, but isn't this the year of land reform? Did their mother talk about you? Twenty years later, my daughter said, "If she cries, she doesn't know how it feels" and "What's wrong with me? "Women's brave struggle for love and happiness has now become a defender of marriage to arrange transactions. Ling Hua's pain and tragedy go far beyond the purely descriptive Cultural Revolution Scar Project, which is a new solution to the problem by the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and the Party's policy of enriching the people. However, the love tragedy between Ling Hua and her daughter makes the novel shine with eternal humanism. Saving the life instinct needs of two unmarried women, Nickel and Leopard, together with young people, their hands are working in production and sincere love in life. There is no guarantee of marriage in sexual behavior, but they don't accept the suicide ethics of saving five cents in the village, the leopard lacks justice, the sister is raped, and the silent man refuses to find other ways. When love comes, she should feel inexplicable shame and remorse. The social problems raised in the novel have not been completely solved. Facing the new challenges and improving the degree of modernization, the author puts forward a solution. Is free love and marriage really the party's policy to enrich the people and solve the problem of food and clothing? Gao Jialin's love for "life" is very popular in real life, and it is getting worse and worse. 1980 or so, in the 20th century, this issue was still discussed at the level of love. Marriage seems to have lost its basic guarantee, so prenuptial agreements have become fashionistas. In the past 30 years, people with moral values have changed a lot. We don't know whether Gao Jialin Liu Qiaozhen will be happy, but is Gao Jialin's love choice really correct? This humanized torture is still burning and anxious. " Old well ",Sun Wangquan loves to choose less" individuals "and bears heavy helplessness. The position of love lies in family and responsibility. No matter at the end of the Cultural Revolution, China's traditional culture branded Zhao Qiaoying with more modern consciousness and independent consciousness, such as lovers' life and death, husband and wife, marriage and romantic elopement. In desperation, she chose to leave, seemingly chic, but actually bitter. What are the two values of that era written by the author? Conflict, maybe we don't worry about what Zhao Qiaoying Garden does, but do we love it? Of course, the most important resistance comes from the love from the outside, Gao Jialin's choice, and his deep human nature, such as grass loves the new and hates the old, vanity and hierarchical structure.

Love cannot be forgotten. "Jason's first-person narrative tone is more suitable for a woman's heart. The narrative story of Me is characterized by emotional fluctuation and Yu Zhong's Mom's Diary. Starting from personal experience tragedy, it unfolds personal views, experiences and own experiences, which is called The Position of Love. Half of Yu Zhong is waiting for a love marriage of Paula pattern, and her daughter doesn't want to be a marriage without love, but celibacy can be recognized by the society. This is a very noteworthy message, which means that in addition to the general affirmation of love, the writer's personality awakening, the value of personal existence and the means of pursuing emotional appeal have gradually moved from obscurity and chaos to a real new realm close to life. Although this novel does not involve human instinct-perhaps in my opinion, Yu Zhong's biggest problem is to realize that love, sex and love, love, marriage and gender will automatically solve, and the conflict has not yet entered, which is the performance space of literature.