What are the characteristics of Manchu costumes?

Manchu costumes are rich in national characteristics and charm, which is the result of long-term life accumulation during the formation of Manchu nationality. First of all, it has distinct historical characteristics, that is, profound traces left by history. Manchu inherited the old customs of the Jurchen nationality, including hairstyles and costumes. Jurchen men shave their heads and braid their hair, and Manchu men braid their shoulders.

According to Records of Daikin, women are really a nation that is "good at riding and shooting, fond of farming and good at fishing and hunting". Every time she sees the trail of a clever beast, she can quietly put it to death and eat its meat and clothes. Manchu people also follow suit and love to wear leather clothes, but dog skins are prohibited according to Manchu customs. ?

Secondly, the local characteristics of Manchu costumes are also outstanding. Due to the cold, Manchu people, regardless of gender, age and age, have the habit of wearing hats, which is very different from the "20-year crown" of Han men, bun and cloth.

Manchu's hat is "cold and warm", that is, wearing a fur hat in winter, a warm hat in spring and autumn, and a cool straw hat in summer. The top of the hat is decorated with "red tassels", which is eye-catching and gorgeous. As for the first step, it has more local characteristics. Hump grass, which is commonly worn in winter, is only found in the northeast. At the beginning, during the period of Hetuala (now Yongling Town, Xinbin County, Liaoning Province), Nurhachi was "kicking deerskin".

Men's flag dress

Historically, Manchu men wore horseshoe sleeves with a belt around their waist, or a robe with a double-breasted coat, a cool hat in summer and a sloppy fur hat in winter. The clothes are made of blue, blue and brown cotton, silk, silk, satin and other materials, with blue leg straps on the trouser legs, cotton boots or leather boots on the feet, and Piura in winter.

In the early Qing Dynasty, only the Eight Banners soldiers wore mandarin jackets. By the time of Kang Yong, the custom of Manchu men wearing mandarin jackets had become popular, and young people liked to wear mandarin jackets to show their military courage. Later, because the Qing emperor advocated riding and shooting, he often rewarded his officials to wear mandarin jackets, which turned out to be a kind of "dress". It is also a great honor for the emperor to give "yellow jacket".

Women's flag skirt

Women like to wear a foot-long flag skirt or vest. Clothing is mostly made of silk, satin, tulle or cotton and linen, with various colors and patterns. Some embroider the surface of cheongsam into a set of patterns, and more are inlaid with layers of fine lace on the skirt, cuffs, neckline and hem. White socks on the feet, embroidered shoes at the bottom of the flowerpot, leg straps in various colors such as green, red and pink on the trouser legs. Shake your head and wings and comb two heads or flags.

I like to wear earrings, bracelets, rings, hairpins, velvet flowers and sideburns. Manchu men and women like to hang ornaments on their waists or big skirts. Men have sickles, ear spoons, toothpicks, glasses cases and fan belts. Women have sachets and wallets. Most of them are sewn with silks and satins, with various colors and exquisite workmanship. In the neckline, skirt, sleeves and other places of cheongsam, several stripes or colored teeth should be inlaid, and some of them should be inlaid with the hem of 18, so that the sewn cheongsam is the most perfect.

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Clothing history

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Manchu people who moved south to Liaodong in the Ming Dynasty used both cloth and leather. After Nurhachi led the troops, the costumes were chaotic, and the phenomenon of "uniformity from top to bottom" appeared. It was not until the era of Huang taiji that custom-made crown clothes began. After entering the customs, the clothes from the emperor to the soldiers are customized and insurmountable. As for the idle flag-bearers, it was normal for all men to wear robes, made of satin or cloth, jackets and jackets.

Manchu women's cheongsam has developed a lot and likes to be made of satin. In Beijing and other places, the practice of "eighteen inlays" is popular, that is, eighteen hems look good and the style has become a wide robe and big sleeves, which is a fashion in the Qing Dynasty. After the Revolution of 1911, the style of cheongsam changed from fat to thin, and it was divided into long sleeves and short sleeves. After continuous improvement, the general style is: straight collar, narrow sleeves, big chest on the right, buckle and trip, waist-tied, knee-length, split on both sides.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-Manchu clothing