Zhang Juguang's experience

Zhang Juguang was born in such a scholarly family and an elite family that believed in Islam, so he received a good family education. When he was young, he was smart and eager to learn. He first entered Shenyang Muslim Primary School to learn cultural knowledge and Arabic, and then transferred to Yiguang and Gaoxin Primary Schools. From 65438 to 0942, he was transferred to the private Shenyang Muslim Culture College founded by his father (renamed Northeast Middle School after restoration, now the predecessor of Shenyang Huimin Middle School) and concurrently served as the dean. 1945 After the victory of the Anti-Japanese War, he participated in the performance of the comedy "Dinner after the Recovery" at school. The school set up an autonomous society, and he was elected as the Minister of Propaganda. At that time, he also participated in some work of the Sino-Soviet Friendship Association.

1April, 946, Zhang Juguang entered the cram school of Liaodong Middle School, and then went to the Music Department of Liaodong College. 19471October transferred to the Music Department of Beiping Institute of National Arts to study vocal music. Elegant learning environment and good teaching quality have benefited him a lot. He wanted to pursue further studies in this art hall in order to realize his vocal dream, but the expensive tuition of 600,000 francs per month discouraged him and he finally had to drop out of school.

During his stay in Peiping, Zhang Juguang joined the Islamic Society and the Peiping Exiled Student Union of Liaodong University through his father's introduction, and got in touch with progressives and progressive books, and his thoughts began to change. Later, he took part in the student movement against hunger and civil war, which attracted the attention of the Kuomintang authorities. In order to avoid being pursued, Zhang Juguang and several classmates went to the northeast, and entered Changchun Northeastern University (now Northeast Normal University) in September 1948. In June of the same year, he officially entered the Music Department of the School of Literature and Art to study vocal music. 1950 After graduation, I stayed in the Art Troupe of Normal University and went to Jiaohe Coal Mine in Jilin Province to experience life collectively. During this period, through the contact with coal miners, Zhang Juguang deeply felt the greatness of labor and the amiable and respectable worker master, which made his thoughts deeply educated. After the internship, he was officially transferred to Northeast Film Studio (now changchun film studio) as an actor and became one of the first generation film artists after the founding of New China.

Northeast Film Studio has gathered many outstanding and famous actors. Their profound performance skills and rich practical experience have opened the eyes of young Zhang Juguang. He decided to study with an open mind and become a qualified film actor as soon as possible. Because he is a new actor, most of the roles he accepts are extras and extras, such as Harvest, When the Grapes are Ripe, Defending the Fruits of Victory, Are You Satisfied or Not, Yinshan and so on. He won't be upset by the lack of scenes, but look for more opportunities to watch on the spot. In order to improve his performance, he read many famous Chinese and foreign works, such as A Dream of Red Mansions, The Water Margin, The Storm, The Great Stream, College Students, etc., and found books such as Actor's Handbook and Actor's Cultivation and his lecture notes in Normal University. He studied eagerly. He has a strong sense of organization. No matter what work the organization arranges, he can finish it seriously. For a time, the organization sent him to the Transportation Unit to take charge of administration. He reported for duty without saying a word, and soon entered the role, learned driving skills, as well as punting and riding. Through study and practice, he broadened his knowledge and mastered the basic skills of actors, laying the foundation for future performances.

1953, changchun film studio filmed "People on the Grassland" and decided that Zhang Juguang would play Lu Shouqing in the film. This role is the first relatively complete role that Zhang Juguang got after filming. He was so excited that he couldn't sleep. He repeatedly read corner books, conceived how to shape this character image, and took this role as an opportunity to improve his performance ability and creative level. In his view, a film actor, whether playing an important role or a general role, even one or two shots, should be taken seriously and devoted. So he played the role of Lu Shouqing very successfully. While playing the role, the organization thinks that he has cultural and professional expertise, and also allows him to be the cultural teacher of the crew. He accepted this task very seriously, prepared lessons carefully, organized the crew to study current affairs and politics, learned cultural knowledge, copied blackboard newspapers, organized the crew to carry out ball games and became an active figure in the crew.

From June 1949 to the early 1950s, Zhang Juguang participated in many theatrical performances in the Art Troupe of Northeast Normal University and Northeast Film Studio. He plays Shi Sanhai in the opera Liu Hulan and the prodigal son in The Change of Wanderers. He plays He Baili in the drama March of Democratic Youth, Pan Yueting in Sunrise, Sha in Chongqing in Fog, Wang in Family Portrait, a pseudo police chief in Shunni, and a Japanese officer in Darkness Before Dawn. And how steel is made, etc. These characters are different in age, occupation, personality, social class and life time, but after Zhang Juguang's hard experience, he can successfully grasp the roles, which makes these characters in the play have distinct personalities and characteristics, and Zhang Juguang has therefore become an amphibious actor in film and television dramas.

From 1953 to 1962, this year 10 is the glorious period of Zhang Juguang's film career. He has a wide range of knowledge and plays a wide range of games. Among the roles he plays, he is good at old, middle-aged and young roles and positive and negative roles. There are not only revolutionary cadres, army chiefs and grandfathers here, but also workshop directors, workers' masters, doctors and enemy officers. He can accurately grasp the role and carefully shape many roles. For example, in Guerrilla in the Plain, he successfully played a humorous, indomitable, righteous and heroic hard-working old man. In Sister Liu, he plays the role of "A Niu's Dad"-an amiable, bitter and bitter old fisherman with a sense of justice; In the case of Xu Qiuying, he played Luo Jingda, who was sinister and "resurrected from the dead"; Xin Song, the deputy chief of staff of the enemy, is an idiot. Because he studied hard, observed diligently, accumulated rich performance experience and wrote a lot of performance experience notes, his role left a deep impression on the audience.

1960, Su Li, director of Changying Factory, led the actors to live in Guangxi and collected creative materials. After watching Liu Sanjie's drama performance based on Guangxi folk stories, I decided to put Liu Sanjie's artistic image on the screen. And appointed Huang Wanqiu to play Sanjie Liu, and Zhang Juguang to play A Niu's father. Huang Wanqiu is an actor with personality. He is only 17 years old. He has only acted in stage plays, but the film requires realism and close to life. Huang Wanqiu has no photographic experience, so he is not sure about Sanjie Liu's role in the film. Fortunately, Huang Wanqiu is accompanied by old actors, such as Zhang Juguang, who plays A Niu's father, Liang Yin, who plays Liu Erge, and Liu Shilong, who plays A Niu. Especially, Zhang Juguang plays the father of the old fisherman A Niu, and Huang Wanqiu plays the role of Sanjie Liu, so he helps director Suri patiently tell Huang Wanqiu about the play, so that he can accurately understand and grasp the role of Sanjie Liu, and help her get rid of the stylization of the stage play and overcome the tension when shooting on the spot. In this film, Zhang Juguang plays an old fisherman. On the shooting scene, like an elder, he guided Huang Wanqiu into the role and gave Huang Wanqiu great help. In fact, he is only 365,438+0 years old.

When filming the film "Sister Liu" in Guangxi, it was in the hot summer, and the crew overcame many difficulties. Because it is a costume drama, we must take the lead in filming and wear costume. Zhang Juguang played an old fisherman and had to touch his beard. As soon as he put on his costume and hood, he was sweating like a pig before he began to perform. In a short time, his clothes were soaked, and the soaked clothes could not be worn for filming. This is a test for Zhang Juguang, who grew up in the north. Later, the crew prepared two sets of costumes for the actors to wear in turn. Even so, the actors were too hot to stand, so Zhang Juguang had to shoot with bare arms in costume. Zhang Juguang has a deep foundation in vocal music and performance, and he is familiar with several arias in the film. The old fisherman he played was natural and fluent, witty and humorous, and questioned properly, which made Master Mo and his gang speechless and fully demonstrated the wisdom and stubborn character of the working people.

With the joint efforts of the staff, the filming of Third Sister Liu was finally completed. This is the first musical landscape feature film in China, which caused a sensation as soon as it was staged, and won many awards in the second Hundred Flowers Award.

In addition to the above films, he has also played many roles, such as playing Xie Zikai, the second king of Yan in nirvana in fire (1954). Playing Zhao, the police chief, in "Leather Bag"; Beat the chief of staff of Shangganling (1956); Played director Wu in Mother and Daughter Teacher (1957); Play the hotel father-in-law in Hong Haier; Playing Cui Wen in She Fell in Love with Hometown; Engineer in Dongfeng; Play senior colonel Deng in private; Played the factory director in Waiter (1958); Played the workshop director in Sisters on Ice; Playing Zhang Yushan in "Prairie Morning Song"; Playing Master Zhang, a Yinshan worker; Played the miner Liu Wen in Jin Yuji; Playing the doctor of youth in the war; Played the role of Hu Laotou in "Happy Songs of Running Water" (1959); Played Zhou Daosheng in The Story of Rebirth; Played the police chief in "Railway Soldiers"; Playing Old Master Q in the Sino-Japanese War; Played Manager Wang in Red Fire (1962); Playing illegal accountant Zhao Youcai in mountain village accounting; Played Guo Zhongnian in Sanjin Mountain City (1962).

Because Zhang Juguang is good at imitating sounds, he can grasp the role according to the needs of the plot and portray the characters in the film vividly with language. Therefore, during his more than ten years as an actor, he participated in the translation of more than 70 foreign films and voiced many important roles. For example, the old professor in Lifelong (195 1 year); Coal minister of Donbass, a miner; Soviet general of Elbe River (1953); Mayor of Satko (1953); Glinka, extraordinary events, responsibilities, travelers, women in Nanjiang village, etc. In the domestic movie "The Underground Warrior", the hawking sound of a Beijing vendor shouting "Hard Bread" in the middle of the night is his imitation. 196 1 also successfully voiced Ren Bingqing, da ji's biological father in the film da ji and Her Father, and became one of the earliest domestic actors to voice domestic actors.

Zhang Juguang is cheerful and versatile, and is an active figure in an actor's troupe. No matter the party, condolence performance, commemorative activities, etc. He can hardly be left behind. Wherever he goes, there is singing and joy. From the aria of large-scale opera to folk minor, from improvisation to sound imitation, we can have a few active atmosphere at any time to let everyone relax after intense filming. Because his roles as leader and old man are deeply rooted in the hearts of the people, people can recognize him immediately wherever the troupe goes, and ask him to perform a program or say a few words, which suddenly narrows the distance between the actors and the masses.

From the 1950s to the early 1960s, the film industry in New China flourished, and the performing arts in Zhang Juguang flourished. Many roles he played were deeply loved and welcomed by the audience. Many old filmmakers recalled Zhang Juguang as a rare talent.

Regrettably, such an excellent film actor failed to escape the cruel persecution of the Cultural Revolution. Just as Zhang Juguang was full of confidence and ready to take on a new role, an unprecedented disaster began. Under the slogans of "doubt everything" and "overthrow everything" of Lin Biao and the Gang of Four, Zhang Juguang was also beaten by the rebels. Zhang Juguang was persecuted to death in August 1968 at the age of 39, and was forced to repent by some people. A rising movie star in Ran Ran has just fallen.

1978, changchun film studio rehabilitated Zhang Juguang and held a memorial service. Jilin Film Association wrote in the elegiac couplet: "At the beginning of literary talent, a bud of mustard was damaged; The sound is still in Jiuquan. "