What is Selfan?

Meaning: People who live a noble and luxurious life and want to inadvertently reveal their superior life through some reverse expressions, generally used to ridicule.

Versailles is a real city, and the Palace of Versailles inside it is extremely exquisite and luxurious. Later, the blogger @小奶球 would share on her Weibo that some people showed their superiority in life through seemingly complaining and dissatisfaction, asking and answering questions in their circle of friends, etc. She called these people the Rose of Versailles. . She said it was because she had read a comic book called "The Rose of Versailles", which was very gorgeous and noble. Later, it was directly referred to as Versailles.

Example from Versailles: My husband actually gave me a pink Lamborghini. The color choice was too straight. Hey, how could I tell him that I didn’t like this color?

Versailles literature, an Internet buzzword, refers to words that are intended to promote before suppressing, that are clearly derogatory but actually praise, and that appear to be complaints but are actually showing off. They inadvertently reveal to the outside world by euphemistically expressing complaints or dissatisfaction. His own destiny.

The term comes from the comic "The Rose of Versailles".

Versailles, a satellite city of Paris, France. The capital of Yvelines, it was once the administrative center of the French dynasty. Located 15 kilometers southwest of Paris. As an art city, Versailles is the pearl of French art. The palace and gardens are spectacular and exquisite, and the interior furnishings and decorations are artistic. The ground floor is an art museum. This is also where French leaders meet with foreign heads of state and envoys. It is a commercial and service center in the suburbs of Paris, and has the special functions of a conference city and a garrison camp, with military, hospitals and military academies. The northern part of the city is the commercial and handicraft area, and the southern part is the aristocratic residential area. The Palace of Versailles (Versailles Palace) is located in the town of Versailles, the capital of the Yvelines province in the southwest suburbs of Paris, France. It served as the French palace for 107 years (1682-1789).

Initial purpose

Initially in order to eliminate the danger of separatism and rebellion by powerful French local nobles (such as the Prince of Condé family), Louis XIV immediately established the country's major palaces after the completion of the Palace of Versailles. The nobility concentrated in Versailles.

In the Middle Ages, the exterior of the Palace of Versailles was only a small village. It developed in the 17th century when Louis XIV built a palace and became a gathering place for nobles from all over France. In the 18th century, new urban planning was implemented, churches were built, hotel facilities were developed, schools were built, and settlements developed northward. On the eve of the French Revolution, it became the capital of the French dynasty. After the Revolution, the city declined.

The Palace of Versailles is a classical-style building with a standard three-section classical treatment on the facade, that is, the facade is divided into three vertical and horizontal sections, and the building is symmetrical from left to right

, the shape is neat in outline, solemn and majestic, and is known as the representative of rational beauty. Its interior decoration is mainly in Baroque style, with a few halls in Rococo style.

In front of the main palace is a large garden with a unique "French style". The trees and flowers in the garden are unique and make people feel that they are beautiful after seeing it. The gardens surrounding the building complex are also world-famous. It has a completely different style from Chinese classical and royal gardens. It is completely hand-carved and pays great attention to symmetry and geometry.

If the appearance of the Palace of Versailles gives people a grand and spectacular feeling, then its interior furnishings and decorations are even more artistically charming. The extremely luxurious and rich interior decoration is a major feature of the Palace of Versailles. The more than 500 main halls and small halls are all splendid and luxurious: the interior walls are mainly decorated with sculptures, giant oil paintings and tapestries, and are equipped with furniture of extraordinary shapes and exquisite craftsmanship from the 17th and 18th centuries. The Marble Courtyard and the Hall of Mirrors are the two most prominent places. In addition to the interior decoration mentioned above, the sun is also a commonly used theme, because the sun is the symbol of Louis XIV. Sometimes they appear on the walls together with weapons and armor. In addition to decorating the interior with human figures, images of animals such as lions, eagles, and unicorns are also used to decorate the interior. Some are also made of metal cast into stair railings, and some metal fittings are plated with gold, and paired with various colors of marble, they look very brilliant. In addition to the semi-circular arches like the Hall of Mirrors, the ceilings also have flat ceilings and hemispherical domes. In addition to paintings, there are also reliefs on the top. Precious works of art from all over the world are displayed everywhere in the palace, including fine porcelain from ancient my country.

However, Versailles’ excessive pursuit of grandeur and luxury makes the living function extremely inconvenient.

There was no toilet or washing facilities in the palace, and even the dauphin had to relieve himself in the fireplace in his bedroom. Louis XV also hated the palace extremely, thinking that although it was spacious and luxurious, it was not warm. This is the downside of Versailles.

In 1624, French King Louis XIII purchased the 117-acre forest, wasteland and swamp area near the original site of the Palace of Versailles for 10,000 livres and built a two-story red brick building as a palace. Hunting Palace. At that time, the Versailles Palace had only 26 rooms. The first floor was a furniture storage room and armory, and the second floor was the king's office, bedroom, audience room, wardrobe room, and entourage bedrooms.

In 1660, King Louis XIV of France visited the Chateau Vaux-le-Vicomte (Chateau Vaux-le-Vicomte) of Finance Minister Fouquet and was impressed by the magnificence of its houses and gardens. At that time, the royal family was in Paris. None of the palaces in the suburbs can compare with it. As a result, Louis XIV was angry that he had not fulfilled his duties and had Fouquet thrown into the Bastille for corruption. He also ordered André Le N?tre, the designer of the Vaux-Vicomte Castle, and the famous architect Louis Le Vau. ) to design a new palace for him. At that time, Louis XIV had decided to move the royal court out of the city of Paris, which was chaotic and noisy due to the continuous riots of citizens against the royal family. After investigation and weighing, he decided to build a new palace based on Louis XIII's hunting palace in Versailles and requisitioned it for this purpose. It covers an area of ??6.7 square kilometers. In 1667, Le N?tre designed the Versailles gardens and fountains, and Levaux built new palaces on the west, north, and south sides of the hunting palace to surround the original hunting palace. The east facade of the original palace was retained as the main entrance, and a Marble Court was built. In 1674, architect Jules Hardouin Mansart took over the Versailles Palace project from Lever. He added the north and south wings of the palace, churches, orangeries, large and small stables and other ancillary buildings, and built three radial lines in front of the palace. Avenue. In order to attract residents to settle in Versailles, a large number of residential and office buildings were also built in the town of Versailles. In order to ensure the smooth progress of the construction of the Palace of Versailles, Louis XIV ordered a nationwide ban on the use of stone in other new buildings within 10 years.

On May 6, 1682, Louis XIV announced that he would move the French court from Paris to Versailles.

In 1688, the construction of the main part of the Palace of Versailles was completed. In 1710, the construction of the entire Versailles palace and gardens was completed, and it immediately became the largest, most majestic and most luxurious palace building in Europe and the center of aristocratic activities, art center and the birthplace of culture and fashion in France and even Europe. In its heyday, there were as many as 36,000 princes, grandsons, ladies, princes, nobles, bishops and their servants living in the palace. Also stationed in Versailles are the Swiss Centurion Guards, the Scots Guards, the Palace Police, 6,000 Royal Guards, 4,000 infantry and 4,000 cavalry. In order to house his many "official mistresses", Louis XIV also built the Grand Trianon and the Palais de Marly. During the periods of French kings Louis XV and Louis XVI, buildings such as the Petit Trianon and the Swiss Farm were built. On October 6, 1789, Louis XVI was taken to Paris by the Parisian people during the French Revolution, and was later pushed to the guillotine and beheaded. This ended the history of Versailles as the French court. During the subsequent revolutionary terror period, the Palace of Versailles was looted many times by the people. The furniture, murals, tapestries, chandeliers and furnishings in the palace were looted, and the doors and windows of the palace were smashed and demolished. In 1793, the remaining works of art and furniture in the Palace of Versailles were transferred to another art treasure palace in Paris, the Louvre, and the Palace of Versailles fell into ruins.

In 1833, King Louis Philippe of the Orleans Dynasty ordered the restoration of the Palace of Versailles and turned it into a historical museum.

But in any case, the Palace of Versailles has always been a gorgeous monument to the historical period of French feudal rule. In terms of content, it is not only the French court, but also the administrative center of the country. It is also a concrete embodiment of the French social and political views and lifestyle at that time. It was the first time since the ancient Roman Empire that Europe had shown the power of an autocratic government that could concentrate such huge manpower, material and financial resources. At that time, Louis XIV used more than 30,000 workers, architects, engineers, and technicians to build it. In addition to solving the complex technical problems caused by building large-scale buildings, he also had to solve water diversion, roads, etc. problems in all aspects.

It can be seen that the success of Versailles strongly proved the economic and technological progress of France and the wisdom of the working people at that time. Artistically speaking, the majestic appearance and strictly regular garden design of the Palace of Versailles are the result of the cultural classicism thought during the heyday of French feudal autocratic rule. For hundreds of years, almost all European royal gardens have followed its design ideas.

The architectural style of the Palace of Versailles aroused the envy and imitation of monarchs in Russia, Austria and other countries. The summer palace built by Peter I on the outskirts of St. Petersburg, Sch?nbrunn Palace built by Maria Theresa in Vienna, Sanssouci Palace built by Frederick II and Frederick William II in Potsdam, and King Ludwig of Bavaria The Schloss Herrenchiemsee (Schloss Herrenchiemsee) built by King Francis II was modeled after the palace and gardens of Versailles.

From 1682 to 1789, France’s political and diplomatic decisions were all decided in the Palace of Versailles, and Versailles became the de facto capital of France. In order to show the majesty of their royal power, Louis XIV and Louis XV often held grand and spectacular ceremonies, parties, dances, hunting and other entertainment activities in the palace.

The fireworks party held by Louis XV in 1751 to celebrate the birth of his eldest grandson, the Duke of Burgundy, consumed 660,000 livres of fireworks. In 1770, the wedding held by Louis XV for the Dauphin cost 9 million livres. you. At its peak—the late years of Louis XV and the early years of Louis XVI—the cost of maintaining the court at Versailles accounted for a quarter of France's income. But these activities have achieved certain results: before Louis XIV ascended the throne, the powerful, dissatisfied, and rebellious French nobles had been corrupted by the extravagant palace life by the time of Louis XIV, and even used being invited to live in the palace as a reward. Honored, they rushed to imitate the etiquette and dress of the king and the palace, fearing that they would lose the king's favor.

On June 20, 1789, after the French National Assembly was closed, representatives of the third estate in the meeting, some lower-level monks, and radical nobles went to the indoor tennis court of the Palace of Versailles for a rally and signed the famous "Network" Stadium Declaration", swearing that France would never disband unless a written constitution was established for France.

During the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, Versailles was occupied by Prussian troops. On January 18, 1871, King William I of Prussia was crowned Emperor of the German Empire in the Hall of Mirrors. On February 26 of the same year, a preliminary peace treaty was signed with France in Versailles. The Thiers government, which then moved into the Palace of Versailles, planned the suppression of the Paris Commune.

On June 28, 1919, the Allied Powers in World War I signed the Treaty of Versailles with Germany in the Hall of Mirrors. On June 4, 1920, the Trianon Peace Treaty with the Kingdom of Hungary was signed at the Grand Trianon Palace.

In 1937, the Palace of Versailles was opened to the public as a historical museum. The French president and prime minister have held foreign affairs activities in the palace and gardens many times, convened international conferences, and signed international treaties.

The main scenery of the Palace of Versailles is concentrated on the second floor of the main building and the garden.

Indoor Hall

Marble Courtyard: The front entrance to the Palace of Versailles is a small square enclosed on three sides. The central building was originally the hunting palace of Louis XIII. It was renovated by Louis XIV, retaining the original red brick walls and adding marble sculptures and gilded decorations. The courtyard floor is decorated with red marble. The first floor in front of the courtyard is Marie Antoinette's private room and salon, and the second floor is the king's bedroom.

Salon d'Hercule: Located at the junction of the northeast corner of the second floor of the main building and the north wing, it connects the middle palace and the north wing with the Royal Church. In the time of Louis XIV, this was the royal chapel, and later it was changed to the king's audience hall.

Salon de l'Abondance: To the west of the Hercules Hall, to the north is the Ladonna Fountain in the garden. Facing the stairs in front, the Harvest Hall is the main entrance to the ceremonial route into the palace to meet the king. The hall contains collections of medals and treasures from past kings.

Venus Hall: also known as Venus Hall. West of Harvest Hall. In the era of Louis XIV, there was a billiard table and a set of furniture made of sterling silver and finely carved. The furniture was later melted down to mint silver coins to cover the costs of the War of the Spanish Succession.

Diana Hall: Also known as the Luna Hall, it is located on the north side of the second floor of the main building and west of the Venus Hall. The walls are decorated with various exquisite porcelain.

Mars Hall: Also known as Ares Hall or Mars Hall, it is west of Diana Hall.

On the ceiling is Alderaan's oil painting "The God of War in a Wolf Chariot". There are marble platforms at either end of the fireplace in the hall, where a pool table once stood. The kings of the Bourbon Dynasty often held court music concerts or gambling games here.

Mercury Hall: Also known as Mercury Hall or Royal Bed Hall, it is west of Mars Hall. There is a large bed in the hall, surrounded by silver railings, and a large sterling silver closet. The walls are lined with gold and silver brocade. Louis XIV's youngest son, the Duke of Anjou (who later became King Philip V of Spain), once lived here.

Apollo Hall: Also known as the Hall of the Sun, it is the throne room of the French king. The decoration is extremely luxurious and gorgeous, with gilded carvings and bas-reliefs on the ceiling, the walls are made of deep red filigree velvet, and in the center is a sterling silver throne, 2.6 meters high, located on a high platform covered with deep red Persian carpets. Since Louis XIV regarded himself as the "Sun King", the main halls in the Palace of Versailles were named after the planets orbiting the sun. Corresponding to the locations of the halls on the second floor, the north side of the first floor is the suite where the French princess lives.

The Salon de la Guerre (Salon de la Guerre): In the northwest corner of the main building and west of the Apollo Hall, the north and west sides face the garden, and the south side leads to the Hall of Mirrors. The decoration in the hall was completed by Mensard and Le Brun, mainly oil paintings reflecting the achievements of Louis XIV in conquering Spain, Germany, and the Netherlands. Above the gilded fireplace is an equestrian relief of Louis XIV.

Galerie des glaces (Galerie des glaces): Also known as the Mirror Gallery, it is south of the War Hall and facing the garden to the west. The most famous hall of the Palace of Versailles was converted from a loggia. It is 76 meters long, 13 meters high and 10.5 meters wide. One side is 17 huge floor-to-ceiling glass windows facing the garden, and the other side is a huge mirror composed of more than 400 mirrors. The floor in the hall is carved with fine wood, the walls are decorated with lavender and white marble veneers, and the pillars are green marble. The capitals, column bases and guardrails are all gilded with brass, and the decorative pattern's theme is the sun with its wings spread out, showing respect for Louis XIV. On the ceiling are 24 huge Bohemian crystal chandeliers and oil paintings praising the merits of the Sun King. In the center of the east side of the hall are the four doors leading to the king's palace. During the Louis XIV era, the furniture and flower and bonsai decorations in the Mirror Gallery were also made of sterling silver, and grand masquerade balls were often held here.

Salon de la Paix: In the southwest corner of the main building and south of the Hall of Mirrors, there is a square hall with a decorative style similar to that of the Hall of Mirrors, but the theme of the oil painting on the fireplace is "Created by Louis XV" Peace". The interior decoration of the hall is themed with statues of Roman emperors, lions, and the national emblems of France and the Kingdom of Navarre.

King's Suite: Located to the east of the main building, in Louis XIII's old hunting palace. In the center is the king's bedroom, which has a gold and red brocade bed and an embroidered canopy, surrounded by gilded guardrails. On the ceiling is a huge relief called "The King of France Protects His Sleep". This is the political activity center of the Palace of Versailles, where the wake-up ceremony, morning pilgrimage, evening pilgrimage and greeting ceremony are held. To the north of the palace is the small conference room, and to the south is the Bull's Eye Hall, named after the bull's-eye-shaped skylight above the door leading to the king's bedroom. They are places where princes, nobles and ministers wait to meet. To the east of the Bull's Eye Hall are the main waiting room and guard room. Queen's Suite: Located on the south side of the main building, it includes seven rooms including the queen's bedroom, the queen's private room, the queen's waiting room, the ladies' retreat room, and the queen's guard room. Downstairs from the Queen's Suite is the Apartment du Dauphin.

Theatre: Built on the order of Louis XV, located in the north wing. The designer is Ange Jacques Gabriel. The theater is 26 meters deep and 22 meters wide. It can accommodate 750 spectators and requires more than 3,000 candles for lighting. The theater held its last performance on October 2, 1789, to entertain the Flemish Guards who had been summoned by Louis XVI to protect the palace. During the Paris Commune in 1871, the National Assembly of the Versailles government was located here.

Church: At the southern end of the north wing, it was built in 1700. Louis XIV said that this church was dedicated to Saint Louis. Louis XIV built the Palace of Versailles in order to outdo the Escurial Palace (a monastery and palace complex) in Spain in terms of momentum, but he did not place the church on the main axis, which reflected the influence of France during the Louis XIV period. , royal power is already higher than divine power. Louis XV, Dauphin Louis (Crown Prince of Louis XV), Louis XVI, Count of Provence (Louis XVIII) and Count of Artois (Charles X) all held weddings in this church.

War Gallery: In the South Wing complex. It was once the residence of princes and princes. Many war-themed paintings are on display, such as "Napoleon Crossing the Alps", "Victory of Poitiers", "Battle of Rivoli", "Henry IV Enters Paris", etc.

Garden: The existing area is 100 hectares, with the Poseidon Fountain as the center, the Ladonna Fountain in the north of the main building, and the orangery and greenhouse in the south of the main building. There are 1,400 fountains in the garden and a 1.6-kilometer-long cross-shaped artificial canal. During the Louis XIV period, sailing ships were arranged on the canal for naval battle performances, or gondolas and gondoliers were arranged to imitate the scenery of the Venetian canals. In addition, there are forests, flower paths, greenhouses, colonnades, temples, villages, zoos and numerous scattered marble statues.

The Grand Trianon: Built in 1687 by Louis XIV for his mistress Madame Maintenon, it has only one floor and the interior decoration is relatively simple. During the Louis XIV period, the king sometimes came to live here when he was tired of the luxurious Versailles Palace. From 1805 to 1815, Napoleon often lived here.

Petit Trianon: Built by Louis XV for his queen. It is a typical classical style building. The main rooms include a large salon, a small salon, a studio, a bedroom, a dressing room, etc. Nearby is the Swiss farm built by Louis XVI for Queen Marie Antoinette, which has a hut, a mill, and a sheepfold. The queen often dresses up as a country shepherdess and plays here.

Outdoor garden landscape

With an existing area of ??about 100 hectares, it is one of the famous classical gardens in France. The entire park of the Palace of Versailles is laid out in an "axial style", integrating the buildings into the landscape layout of the entire park. In the main landscape structure of the whole park, a large number of static water features such as ditches and canals are used on the flat terrain. These mirror-like regular water surfaces add a vast and far-reaching momentum to the whole garden.

The terrain of Versailles is not as varied in elevation as the Italian terrace gardens. Instead, it uses a large number of gentle slopes and micro-terrain changes. Pay more attention to the delicacy and elegance of gardening techniques. Especially in the creation of its main axis, the terrain changes with small height differences produce a soothing visual effect. The interweaving of terrain slopes and pool canals exploits optical illusions with precise proportions. It reflects the extremely strong extroverted ductility and highlights the infinity of the vast space. Completed the perfect transition from architecture to nature.

Rich terrain changes are created at some local garden nodes, and more attention is paid to the creation of landscape styles and landscape features in different small gardens on both sides of the main axis. There are a total of 1,400 fountains in the garden for people to enjoy. A 1.6-kilometer-long cross-shaped artificial Grand Canal particularly attracts attention. During the Louis XIV period, sailing ships were arranged on the canal for naval battle performances, or gondolas and gondoliers were arranged to imitate the scenery of the Venetian canals.

Tickets

Combined ticket (including the main attractions in the Palace of Versailles): 25 euros per person.

Versailles Palace: 15 euros per person over 18 years old, 13 euros per person for admission after 03:30 pm; free admission on the first Sunday from November to March of the following year; Students and people under 18 years old are free of charge.

Thranon Garden: 5 euros per person over 18 years old, 3 euros per person for admission after 03:30 pm, free for students, disabled people and people under 18 years old.

Wagon Museum, 2 euros per person over 18 years old, free for students and people under 18 years old.

Gardens, Jeu de Paume Room, free entry

Opening hours

Palace of Versailles: July 4 to October 31, 09:00 to 18:00: 30, the last admission time is 18:00;

From November 1 to March 31, 09:30 to 17:30, the last admission time is 17:00;

In addition, it is not open to the public on Mondays, public holidays and official ceremonies. Theranon Garden: 12:00 to 19:30 from July 4 to October 31, last entry time is 18:00;

12:00 from November 1 to March 31 17:30.

Garden: November 1 to March 31, 8 a.m. to sunset, April 1 to October 31, 9 a.m. to sunset.

The Carriage Museum is open to the public from 09:00 to 18:30 on weekends from April 1st to October 30th every year.

Jeu de Paume Room is open every weekend from April 1st to October 30th from 12:30 to 18:30.

You can purchase a ticket that combines the Palace of Versailles ticket and the SNCF (French National Railways) ticket into one. It is valid for 1 day and can be taken at Saint-Lazare Train Station and Montparnasse Train Station. It's accessible by train to Versailles. Tickets and ticket prices: Tickets and round-trip tickets from Paris to Versailles are 21.15 euros per person; tickets and round-trip tickets from the 2nd and 3rd regions to the Palace of Versailles are 24.7 euros per person; tickets from the 4th arrondissement to the Palace of Versailles Tickets and round-trip tickets are 25.6 euros per person; tickets and round-trip tickets from the 5th arrondissement to the Palace of Versailles are 27.2 euros per person; tickets and round-trip tickets from the 6th arrondissement to the Palace of Versailles are 28.8 euros per person; 18 years old The following are free of charge.

Because Versailles has three train stations, VERSAILLESCHANTIERS, VERSAILLES RIVE DROITS, and VERSAILES RIVE GAUCHE. You only need to find the trains that can reach these 3 stations on the transportation map to visit Versailles.

In addition, if you drive, you can also reach it by taking the A13 highway.