Chinese literature knowledge

1. Lu Xun----"Fan Ainong", "Self-mockery", "Blessing", "Forging Swords", "Remembering Mr. Wei Suyuan", "Beijing Communication", "Sudden Thought (6)", "Scream" Preface "Gift to Wu Qishan", "Untitled", "Inscribed to Sanyi Pagoda", "Smart Man, Fool and Servant"

A native of Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province, his original name was Zhou Shuren, with the aliases of Yushan and Yuting, and later changed his name to Yucai. The great proletarian writer, thinker, and revolutionary was the leader of China's cultural revolution and was also called the "national soul" by the people. Published "Diary of a Madman", the first vernacular novel in the history of Chinese literature. His works are mainly novels and essays. His representative works include: novel collections: "The Scream", "Wandering" and "New Stories"; collections of essays: "Morning Blossoms Picked Up at Dusk"; vernacular novels: "Diary of a Madman" and "The True Story of Ah Q" "; novel: "Hometown"; collection of prose poems and essays: "Weeds" and 18 other books.

2. ?Zhu Ziqing----"Moonlight over the Lotus Pond" and "Talking about "Historical Records" and "Book of Han"

The original name was Zhu Zihua, with the courtesy name Peixian and Qiushi. He once taught at Tsinghua University. Zhu Ziqing has written 27 books with a total of about 1.9 million words, including poetry, prose, literary criticism, academic research, etc. Representative works: "Back View", "Spring", "Moonlight over Lotus Pond" and "Back View". He is the author of the poetry collection "Traces" and the prose collections "Back" and "You and Me".

3.? Xia Yan----"Investment"

Original name is Shen Naixi, with the courtesy name Duanxian, he is one of the pioneers of China's New Culture Movement, an outstanding revolutionary writer, artist and socialist. Activist and film artist, famous Chinese literature, film, and drama writer, literary critic, literary artist, translator, and social activist. He has created the film scripts "Crazy Flow" and "Spring Silkworms", the dramas "The Story of Qiu Jin" and "Under the Eaves of Shanghai" and the reportage "Invested Work".

5. Chekhov——"The Man in the Box"

Russian novelist, dramatist, Russian critical realist writer and short story writer in the late 19th century A master of art; together with Maupassant [France] and O. Henry [America], he is one of the three short story masters. Representative works: "The Death of a Civil Servant", "Fanka", "Chameleon", "Sergeant Prishibeev", "The Man in the Condom", etc.

6. Hemingway----"Shark Fighting"

American novelist. Winner of the 1954 Nobel Prize for Literature and the founder of "Journalistic" novels. Representative works: "The Old Man and the Sea", "The Sun Also Rises", etc.

7? Mao Zedong----"Congratulations to the Bridegroom? Reading History", "Qinyuanchun? Changsha", "Nian Nujiao? Kunlun", "Qilu? Mr. Liu Yazi", "Qilu? The People's Liberation Army Occupies Nanjing", "Reformation" Our Study" "Opposition Eight-legged Writing (Excerpt)" "The Working Style of the Communist Party"

8? Xu Zhimo----"Farewell to Cambridge"

Original name Zhang Qu, whose given name is Qiansen, changed his name to Zhimo when he studied in the United States. The New Moon School represented poets. Modern poet and essayist. His collections of poems include: "Zhimo's Poems", "A Night in the Green Green", "Collection of Tigers" and "Wandering in the Clouds"; collections of essays include: "Falling Leaves", "Scale Claws of Paris", "Autopsy" and "Autumn"; the novel "Spring Traces" ; Essay collection "Roulette".

9? Ai Qing----"Dayan River - My Nanny"

The real name is Jiang Zhenghan, with the courtesy name Yangyuan and the pseudonym Haicheng, and his pen names are Ejia, Kea and Linbi. wait. my country's modern poet. Representative works: "Dayan River", "I Love This Land", "North", "Vienna", etc.

11? Xiao/Xiao Bernard----"Beethoven's Centenary Commemoration"

Irish playwright. Won the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1925. Representative works: "Pygmalion (movie: My Fair Lady)", "Joan of Arc", "The Devil's Disciple", etc.

12? Lao She----"The Soul-Breaking Gun", "Teahouse (Excerpt)", "Thinking of Peiping" and "New Year"

Original name is Shu Qingchun, courtesy name Sheyu, modern Chinese novelist , writer, dramatist. Enjoys the title of "People's Artist". Representative works: novels "Camel Xiangzi" and "Four Generations Under One Roof"; novellas "Crescent Moon" and "My Life"; short story collections "Going to the Market" and "Anemia Collection"; scripts "Longxugou" and "Teahouse" "Looking West to Chang'an".

14? Kiyooka Takuyuki----"Venus of Milos"

Japanese poet and novelist. He is the author of poetry collections "Frozen Flame" and "Sketches of Four Seasons"; and a monograph "The Changes of Hands", etc.

16?Sun Li----"Lotus Lake"

His original name was Sun Shuxun, and he once used the pen name Yunfu. A contemporary writer, known as the founder of the "Lotus Lake School". His novels are called "verse novels", that is, poetic novels. Representative works: "Lotus Lake", "Luhua Dang", etc.

17? Zhang Tianyi---"Mr. Warwick"

Named Yuanding and Caining, courtesy name Handi, No. 1, pen names Zhang Tianjing and Tiechhan. He is a famous modern novelist and children's literature writer in China. Representative works: "The Story of Luo Wenying", "A Mindless Story", "The Secret of the Treasure Gourd", etc.

18?Balzac----"The Miser"

The great French critical realist writer in the 19th century, the founder and outstanding representative of European critical realist literature, French reality One of the highest achievers of socialist literature. His "Human Comedy" (a total of 91 novels, written with more than 2,400 characters, fully demonstrates French social life in the first half of the 19th century, is a rare literary monument in the history of human literature, and is known as the French "Encyclopedia" of society. Representative works: "Eugénie Grandet", "Old Man", etc.

19? Xiao Hong----"The Completion of a Railway" and "The Story of Hulan River". (Excerpt)"

Xiao Hong is a famous female writer in China in the 1930s. Her representative work is "The Story of Hulan River". In 1933, she and Xiao Jun published their first collection of works "Travel" at their own expense. With support, he published his famous work "The Field of Life and Death" in 1935 (he started using the pen name Xiao Hong). In 1936, in order to get rid of his mental distress, he traveled east to Japan and wrote the prose "Lonely Life" and the long poem "Sand" in Tokyo. etc. In 1940, he arrived in Hong Kong with Duanmu Hongliang, and later published the novella "Mabele" and the famous novel "The Story of Hulan River"

20? Maupassant - "The Necklace".

An outstanding French critical realist writer in the second half of the 19th century, he once studied with the famous French writer Flaubert. He wrote 6 novels, more than 350 short and medium-sized novels, and three travel books. His literary achievements are most prominent in short stories, and he is known as the "King of Short Stories". Representative works: "My Uncle Jules", "Suet Ball", "Necklace", etc.

23? Guo Moruo- ---"Tiangu"

Old name Guo Kaizhen, courtesy name Dingtang, nickname Shangwu; pen name Moruo, is a famous modern proletarian writer, poet, playwright, archaeologist, thinker, and paleontologist in my country. Writer, historian, calligrapher, scholar, and famous revolutionary and social activist. He is famous at home and abroad as the founder of my country's new poetry. He is a recognized leader in the revolutionary cultural circle after Lu Xun. In the spring of 1914, he went to Japan to study, first studying medicine. Later, he started writing. He created many historical dramas such as "Wang Zhaojun", "Cai Wenji", "Wu Zetian" and the essay "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Ceremony"

26? Shu Ting----"To the Oak Tree".

Chinese female poet. Her main works include the poetry collection "Brig", "Singing Iris", "Archaeopteryx", the prose collection "Heart Smoke", a representative of the hazy poetry school, and "To the Oak Tree". It is one of the representative works of the misty poetry trend.

27? Haizi——"Facing the Sea, Spring is Warm and Flowers are Blooming"

His original name was Zha Haisheng, who was admitted to Beijing when he was 15 years old. Department of Law, he started writing poetry while in college. He committed suicide by lying on the train in Shanhaiguan on his 25th birthday. During his short life, the poet maintained a holy heart, but he was not understood by the world for a long time. In the history of new literature, he is a poet who strives to challenge the limits of literature and life. In 1984, he wrote the famous works "Asian Copper" and "The Sun of Al". He used "Haizi" as a pen name for the first time. A unique and outstanding poetic work after "Misty Poetry", which is lyrical, recitable and avant-garde in style.

32 William Shakespeare----"Sonnets (Selected Poems)". 1) "Hamlet (Excerpt)"

A great playwright and poet in the British Renaissance, and a master of humanistic literature in the European Renaissance. He is the author of 37 plays, 2 long poems and 154 sonnets. His plays are mostly based on existing materials such as historical records, novels, folklore and old plays, reflecting the historical reality of the transition from feudal society to capitalist society, and promoting the humanitarian thoughts and humanistic views of the emerging bourgeoisie.

His works are famous for their blending of sadness and joy, being rich in poetry and imagination, integrating contradictions and changes, and being rich in philosophy of life and critical spirit. Famous tragedies: "Romeo and Juliet", "Macbeth", "King Lear", "Hamlet", "Othello", etc.; comedies such as "As You Like It" and "A Midsummer Night's Dream".

33. Whitman----"Song of Myself (Choose Two)"

The outstanding democratic poet of the nineteenth century in the United States. He was born into a peasant family. He wrote a large number of poems throughout his life, including his masterpiece "Leaves of Grass". His "Leaves of Grass" represents the peak of American romantic literature and is a masterpiece in the treasure house of world literature. Whitman created "free body" forms to fully express his thoughts and feelings. His creations had a great influence on the development of European and American poetry. Representative works: "Song of Myself", "Across Brooklyn Ferry", "The Mysterious Trumpeter", "Road to India", etc.

37? Goethe----"Wanderer's Night Song"

The most important playwright, poet, and thinker in Germany and Europe. In addition to poetry, drama, and novels, Goethe also made outstanding achievements in literary theory, philosophy, history, and plastic design. "Getz von Burishingen" is Germany's first realistic historical drama, which adopts Shakespeare's drama creation method. "The Sorrows of Young Werther" is an epistolary novel that made him famous for a while. "Faust" is one of Goethe's masterpieces. It took him 60 years to write this masterpiece.

40? Pushkin----"A Little Flower"

A famous Russian litterateur, great poet, novelist, and the founder of modern Russian literature. The main representative of Russian romantic literature in the 19th century, the founder of realist literature, and the founder of modern standard Russian. He is known as the "Father of Russian Literature" and "The Sun of Russian Poetry." He was good at all genres, founded Russian national literature and literary language, and provided a model for Russian literature in various literary fields such as poetry, novels, dramas and even fairy tales. It was also hailed by Gorky as "the beginning of all beginnings." Representative works: "If Life Deceived You", "Eugene Onegin", "The Story of the Fisherman and the Goldfish": "To the Sea", "Ode to Freedom", "To Chadayev", "I Used to Love You" wait.

43. Buffon----"The Swan"

Eighteenth-century French naturalist and writer. It took 40 years to write the 36-volume masterpiece "Natural History".

44? Molière----"The Hypocrite (Excerpt)"

French comedy writer, actor, and theater activist. Founder of French ballet comedy. Representative works: "The Ridiculous Talent", "The Hypocrite", "Don Juan", "The Scrooge", "The Moaning of No Illness", etc.

47. Franz Kafka----"The Metamorphosis" and "The Hunger Artist"

German novelist of the 20th century. He often uses an allegorical style, and the moral behind it varies from person to person. His works express his cynical determination and courage in a profound way, and his unique techniques have led various writing schools in the 20th century to recognize him as a pioneer. Representative works: the novels "America", "The Trial" and "The Castle", and the short stories "The Construction of the Great Wall of China", "The Verdict" and "The Hungry Artist".

55? Tie Ning----"Oh, Fragrant Snow"

A first-class literary writer and a famous contemporary female writer. The current chairman of the Chinese Writers Association. Representative works: "Rose Gate", "City Without Rain", "Girl in the Bath", "How Far Is Forever", "Afternoon Cliff", "Walking Dream", etc.

56? Jia Pingwa----"Qin Opera"

A famous writer. He is one of the few literary masters and literary wizards in my country's contemporary literary world. He is one of the few famous writers in contemporary China who can enter the history of Chinese and world literature. His representative works include "Qin Opera", "Happiness", "Traces of Heart", "Trace of Love", etc. He has won many literary awards.

57. Cervantes----"Don Quixote (Excerpt)"

Is a Spanish novelist, playwright, and poet during the Renaissance. Known as the greatest writer in the Spanish literary world. Critics call his novel "Don Quixote" the first modern novel in the history of literature and one of the treasures of world literature.

58. Victor Hugo----"A Life-Changing Event"

A representative figure of French Romantic writers, the romance of the positive Romantic literary movement in the early 19th century ism, an outstanding bourgeois democratic writer in the history of French literature, and a representative figure of humanism. He is known as the "Shakespeare of France". Representative works: "Notre Dame de Paris", "Les Misérables", "1993"; poetry collection "Light and Shadow"; "Letter to Captain Butler on the British-French Allied Forces Expedition to China"; short story "The Disaster of the Normandy", etc.

59. O. Henry----"Police and Hymns"

A famous American critical realist writer. He has been hailed by critics as the Manhattan prose writer and the father of modern American short stories. His works have novel ideas, witty language and often surprising endings. His representative works include the novel collections "Cabbage and the King", "Four Million", "The Road of Destiny", etc. Some of his famous works, such as "The Sacrifice of Love", "The Police and the Hymn", "The Furnished Room for Rent", "The Gift of the Wise", "The Last Vine Leaf" and "The Gift of the Magi", etc., have earned him world-wide reputation.

77. Shi Naian: His original name is Yanduan, his courtesy name is Zhaorui, his name is Zi'an, and his nickname is Naian. A writer in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. His representative work is "Water Margin", and we have studied his "Lin Chong Beats Coach Hong with a Stick".

78? Ouyang Xiu: courtesy name Yongshu, self-titled Drunken Old Man, nicknamed Liuyi Jushi in his later years, posthumous title Wenzhong, known as Ouyang Wenzhonggong in the world, a politician, writer, historian and poet in the Northern Song Dynasty. We have studied his "Luoyang Peony Story".

79? Qu Yuan: Qu Yuan, whose given name is Ping and whose courtesy name is Yuan; also named Zhengze and whose courtesy name is Lingjun. He was a native of the Chu state at the end of the Warring States Period. Qu Yuan is one of China's greatest romantic poets, the earliest known poet in my country, and a world cultural celebrity. He founded the literary style "Chu Ci". Representative works include "Li Sao" and "Nine Songs". We have studied his "National Memorial".

80? Tao Yuanming: Also known as Qian, courtesy name Yuanliang, nicknamed Mr. Wuliu, posthumous name Mr. Jingjie, a native of the Eastern Jin Dynasty. Poet, litterateur, poet, essayist. We have studied his "Drinking", "Returning to the Garden and Living in the Fields", "Record of the Peach Blossom Spring", "The Biography of Mr. Wuliu" and "Returning to the Fields".

81? Cao Zhi: Zi Zijian, a poet of the Wei State during the Three Kingdoms period. We have studied his "White Horse". Three Caos: Cao Cao, Cao Pi, and Cao Zhi.

82? Wang Wei: courtesy name Mojie, a famous poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty. He was the official of Shangshu Youcheng. He was known as "Wang Youcheng" in the world. Later generations called him "Poetry Buddha". He was the leader of the landscape pastoral school in the Tang Dynasty. represent. Together with Meng Haoran, they are collectively known as "Wang Meng". We have studied his "Luchai" and "Xinyiwu".

83? Wang Changling: courtesy name Shaobo, a famous frontier poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, known as the "Seven Masters" by later generations. Most of Wang Changling's poems have three themes: frontier fortress, boudoir love and palace resentment, and farewell. We have studied his "Leaving the Fortress" and "Joining the Army".

84? Du Fu: Zi Zimei, self-titled Shaoling Yelao, known as Du Gongbu and Du Shiyi in the world, was a great realist poet in the prosperous Tang Dynasty, and was honored as the "Sage of Poetry" by later generations. We have studied his "Spring Night Rain" and "Ascend the High".

85? Li Bai: courtesy name Taibai, nickname Qinglian layman. A poet of the Tang Dynasty in China, he is known as the "Poetic Immortal" and the "Poetic Hero". Together with Du Fu, he is known as "Li Du". We have studied his "Sleepwalking Tianmu Yin Liu Farewell" and "Books with Han Jingzhou".

86?Bai Juyi: named Letian, also known as Xiangshan Jushi in his later years, a great realist poet in the Tang Dynasty of my country. He is a poet and writer of the Tang Dynasty who is famous and influential in the history of Chinese literature. We have studied his "Pipa Xing".

87? Fan Zhongyan: courtesy name Xiwen, original name Zhu Shuo. He was a famous official, statesman, writer and military strategist in the Northern Song Dynasty, with the posthumous title "Wenzheng". We have studied his "Su Muzhe".

88?Su Shi: Zizhan, Hezhong, nicknamed "Dongpo Jushi", and the world calls him "Su Dongpo". He was a famous writer, calligrapher, painter, lyricist, poet, and gourmet in the Northern Song Dynasty. He was one of the eight great writers of the Tang and Song Dynasties and a representative of the Bold and Unconstrained poets. We have studied his "Nian Nujiao, Red Cliff Nostalgia" and "Red Cliff Nostalgia".

89? Lu You: Zi Wu Guan, nicknamed Fang Weng, a patriotic poet of the Southern Song Dynasty. He is the author of dozens of extant collections such as "Jiannan Poetry Manuscript" and "Weinan Collected Works". He has the largest number of extant poems in my country. poet. We have studied his "The Hairpin-headed Phoenix". Xin Qiji: His original name was Tanfu, his name was changed to Youan, and his name was Jiaxuan. A patriotic poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. We have studied his "Bodhisattva Man Shu Jiangxi Ostomy Wall".

90? Li Qingzhao: Yi'an Jushi, a female poet in the Southern Song Dynasty. We have studied her "Slow Voice".

Guan Hanqing: No. Ji Zhai Sou. Most people lived in the late Jin Dynasty and early Yuan Dynasty. One of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera". His representative works include "The Injustice of Dou E". We have studied his "The Injustice of Dou E".

91? Tang Xianzu: courtesy name is still, also known as Hairuo, Qingyuan Taoist, and in his later years, he was known as Ruoshi and Yuweng. He was a Chinese opera playwright and writer in the late Ming Dynasty. We have studied his "The Peony Pavilion".

92? Han Yu: courtesy name Tuizhi, a native of Heyang, Hanoi, Tang Dynasty (now Meng County, Henan Province). He calls himself Wang Changli of the county and Han Changli in the world. The advocate of the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, Su Shi in the Song Dynasty called him one of the eight great writers in the Tang and Song Dynasties. We have studied his "Shi Shuo" and "Yuan Rui".

93?Liu Zongyuan: Zihou, known as "Liu Hedong" in the world. Because he died as the governor of Liuzhou, he was also called "Liu Liuzhou". The Tang Dynasty writers, philosophers, essayists and thinkers, together with Han Yu, initiated the ancient prose movement in the Tang Dynasty, and were called "Han Liu". One of the "Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties". We have studied his "The Story of Planting Trees and Guo Lituo".

94? Wang Anshi: courtesy name Jiefu, late name Banshan, posthumous title "Wen". An outstanding politician, writer, thinker and reformer in the Northern Song Dynasty. We have studied his "Travel to Bao Zen Mountain".

95? Sima Guang: courtesy name Junshi, nickname Yufufu, in his later years he was nicknamed Yuansou, and was known as Mr. Sushui in the world. Presented to Grand Master, Wen Guogong, posthumous title Wenzheng. A famous politician, historian and essayist in the Northern Song Dynasty. We have studied his "Battle of Red Cliff".

95? Xunzi: Named Kuang, courtesy name Qing, a native of the late Warring States period. A famous thinker, writer, politician, and one of the representatives of Confucianism, he was respectfully called "Xun Qing" by people at the time.

97? Liu Ji: courtesy name Bowen, posthumous title Wencheng. Military strategist, politician and poet in the late Yuan and early Ming dynasties. We have studied his "The Source of Living Water"

99? Cao Xueqin: a novelist in the Qing Dynasty, whose name was Zhan, whose courtesy name was Mengruan, and whose nicknames were Xueqin, Qinpu and Qinxi. Representative as "Dream of Red Mansions". We have studied his "Lingguan Painting of Rose Madness and Outsiders".

100? Pu Songling: An outstanding writer and novelist in the Qing Dynasty, he created the famous collection of classical Chinese short stories "Strange Stories from a Chinese Studio". We have studied his "Nie Xiaoqian".

104? Du Mu: a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty, with the courtesy name Muzhi and the name Fanchuan Jushi. He was also known as "Little Li Du" with Li Shangyin. We have studied his "Afanggong Fu".

105? Wang Bo: Zi'an, a famous poet in the Tang Dynasty and one of the "Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty". We have studied his "Preface to the Pavilion of Prince Teng".

Supplementary content: The three kings of short stories in the world

Maupassant, Chekhov, and O. Henry.

(Only Maupassant can be called the "master of short stories in the world") Representative of the genre

Realism - in the history of literature, such as some works in "The Book of Songs", Du Fu His poems, Guan Hanqing's drama, Cao Xueqin's "A Dream of Red Mansions" are his representative works.

Romanticism----Chinese literature, the poems of Qu Yuan and Li Bai, Wu Chengen's novel "Journey to the West", etc. Representative writers of the European bourgeois revolutionary era include Goethe and Schiller in Germany, Hugo and George Sand in France, Byron and Shelley in the UK, etc.

Classicism - representative writers such as Racine and Molière from France.

Critical realism - representative writers such as Balzac and Stendhal from France, Dickens from the UK, Gogol and Tolstoy from Russia, etc.

The landscape pastoral poetry school - representative writers include Tao Yuanming and Xie Lingyun in the Jin Dynasty and Wang Wei and Meng Haoran in the Tang Dynasty.

Frontier Poetry School——Representative writers include Gao Shi and Cen Shen of the Tang Dynasty, as well as Wang Changling, Wang Zhihuan, Wang Han, Cui Hao, etc.

The Bold and Unconstrained School - the representative poets are Su Shi and Xin Qiji.

The graceful school - representative poets include Liu Yong, Qin Guan, Li Qingzhao, Jiang Kui, etc.

Literary Movement

New Yuefu Movement——initiated by Bai Juyi and Yuan Zhen.

The ancient prose movement - initiated by Han Yu and Liu Zongyuan in the Tang Dynasty, advocated the abandonment of the flashy parallel prose since the Six Dynasties, and the creation of prose with substantial content and free form; in the Song Dynasty, it was promoted by Ouyang Xiu, Wang Anshi, Su Shi and others continue to advocate and develop.

Renaissance movement - representative writers include Dante and Boccaccio from Italy, Rabelais from France, and Shakespeare from England. The Four Great Classics

"Romance of the Three Kingdoms", "Water Margin", "Journey to the West" and "Dream of Red Mansions".

Eight Great Masters of the Tang and Song Dynasties

Han Yu Tang, Liu Zong Yuan Tang, Ouyang Xiu Song, Wang Anshi Song, Su Xun Song, Su Shi Song, Su Che Song, Zeng Gong Song. The Four Great Masters of Yuan Opera

Guan Hanqing, Bai Pu, Ma Zhiyuan and Zheng Guangzu. The Four Heroes of the Early Tang Dynasty

Refers to the four writers of the early Tang Dynasty in my country: Wang Bo, Yang Jiong, Lu Zhaolin, and Luo Binwang. Ancient Chinese historical works

Book title Author Dynasty Introduction Text

The Book of Songs has three theories: ① Pedestrians collected poems and said it; ② Confucius deleted poems and ③ offered poems and said it. From the early Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period, it is the earliest poetry collection in my country. Originally it was only called "The Book of Songs", but it was listed as one of the classics by Confucianists, so it was called "The Book of Songs". It has 305 chapters and is divided into three categories: "Feng", "Elegance" and "Song". "Wei Feng? Cut Tan"

"Wei Feng? Mang"

Warring States Policy Liu Xiang Western Han Dynasty National style history book. A compilation of the strategies and speeches of lobbyists during the Warring States Period. "Zou Ji Satirized the King of Qi for Accepting Admonition"

"Feng Xuan Ke Mengchangjun"

Zuo Zhuan is said to have been written by Zuo Qiuming, in the late Spring and Autumn Period. "Zuo Zhuan" was originally called "Zuo's Spring and Autumn Annals". In the Han Dynasty, it was renamed Chunqiu Zuo Shi Zhuan, or Zuo Zhuan for short. According to old legend, it was written by Zuo Qiu Ming in the late Spring and Autumn Period to explain Confucius's Spring and Autumn Annals. Together with "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Gongyang" and "The Spring and Autumn Annals of Guliang", it is collectively known as the "Three Biography of the Spring and Autumn Period". "Zuo Zhuan" is essentially an independently written history book. "War of Yao"

"Zhu Zhiwu Retreats the Qin Army"

Book of Han, Ban Gu, Eastern Han Dynasty, also known as "Book of the Former Han", was compiled by Ban Gu, a historian during the Eastern Han Dynasty, and is the first book in China A chronicle-style chronological history, one of the "Twenty-Four Histories". It is another important history book in ancient my country after "Historical Records". It is also called the "First Four Histories" together with "Historical Records", "Book of the Later Han Dynasty" and "Three Kingdoms". "Su Wu Shepherding the Sheep"

The Analects of Confucius, Disciples of Confucius and His Second Disciples, Spring and Autumn Annals, is one of the classic works of the Confucian school, compiled by Confucius's disciples and his second disciples. It is mainly composed of quotations and dialogues, recording the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples, and embodies Confucius' political opinions, theoretical thoughts, moral concepts and educational principles. "Zi Lu, Zeng Xi, Ran You, and Gong Xihua sit down"

Mencius Mencius Warring States Period One of the classic works of the Confucian school, together with "The Analects", "The Great Learning" and "The Doctrine of the Mean" are called " "Four Books". "The Matter of Qi Huan and Jin Wen"

Zhuangzi Zhuangzi and the Warring States Period have fifty-two chapters, but only thirty-three remain. Among them, the seven inner chapters are generally attributed to Zhuangzi; the miscellaneous outer chapters may be mixed with the works of his disciples and later Taoists. "Zhuangzi" has high research value in philosophy and literature. "Xiaoyaoyou"

"The Cook Ding Jie Niu"

"Looking at the Ocean and Sighing"

"An Zhi "Fish Music"

"Zhuang Zhou Dreams of Butterflies"

Han Feizi Han Feizi Warring States Period There are fifty-five volumes in existence, with about 100,000 words, most of which are Han Fei's own works. The book "Han Feizi" focuses on promoting Han's rule of law theory that combines law, technique, and power, reaching the highest peak of Pre-Qin Legalist theory. "Five Beetles"

Lu's Spring and Autumn Period, edited by Lu Buwei, Warring States Period, is a miscellaneous book compiled by the Qin Prime Minister Lu Buwei at the end of the Warring States Period, organized by his disciples, also known as "Lü Lan". ***Twelve volumes, 160 articles, and more than 200,000 words. Lu Buwei believed that it included the history and present of everything in the world, so it was called "Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals". "Cha Zhuan"

Mozi, Mozi's disciples and his re-disciples during the Warring States Period, is a record of Mozi's words and deeds by his disciples and his re-disciples. "Fei Gong"

Guoyu Warring States Period "Guoyu" is China's earliest national history work. "Gou Jian Destroys Wu"

Nineteen ancient poems were not written by one person at a time. They were first recorded in "Selected Works" by Xiao Tong of the Liang Dynasty in the Southern Dynasty. "Nineteen Ancient Poems (Far and Away Altair)"

Zizhi Tongjian, Sima Guang, Northern Song Dynasty The largest chronological general history in ancient my country. "The Battle of Chibi"

Xunzi Xun Kuang, a small part of it was written by his disciples at the end of the Warring States Period "Encouraging Learning"

Historical Records Sima Qian Western Han Dynasty my country's first biographical general history, and later The "Hanshu", "Later Hanshu" and "Three Kingdoms" are collectively called the "First Four Histories". "Hongmen Banquet"

"Xinling Lord Steals Talisman to Save Zhao"

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