Zhou Enlai's deeds, detailed! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !

On March 5th, he was born in Shanyang County, Huai 'an Prefecture, Jiangsu Province (now Huai 'an City). Originally from Shaoxing County, Zhejiang Province (now Shaoxing City).

19 10 year

In spring, I went to Yin Gang Academy in Yinzhou and Fengtian (now Tieling County, Liaoning Province) to study. In autumn, I went to Fengtian Tianfu (now Shenyang) Fengtian Class 62 Primary School (later renamed Dongguan Model School) to study.

19 13 years

In spring, go to Tianjin. In August, I was admitted to Tianjin Nankai School.

19 17

In June, I graduated from Nankai School. In September, I went to study in Japan. During my stay in Japan, I began to get in touch with Marxism.

19 19

In April, I returned to China from Japan. Taking part in the May 4th Movement is one of the main leaders of Tianjin student associations. In September, I joined the progressive group Enlightenment Society. He studied at Nankai University (later renamed Nankai University).

1920

In June 65438+10, he was arrested for leading the patriotic movement of Tianjin students. Propagandize Marxism in prison. He was released from prison in July. 165438+ 10, went to France to work and study.

192 1 year-1930

192 1 year

In the spring, he joined the Paris Production Group, one of the eight founding groups of China Production Party, and became one of the founders of China Production Party.

1922

In June, Zhao Shiyan and others organized a youth * * * production party in Europe and China to take charge of propaganda work.

1923

In February, China Youth European Production Party joined the China Socialist Youth League and became its "European Department" as its secretary. 165438+ 10, the European branch of the Kuomintang was established and was elected as the director of the General Affairs Section of the Executive Department.

1924

He was transferred back to China in July and arrived in Guangzhou in September. 10 In June, he served as Chairman of Guangdong District Committee and Minister of Propaganda. 165438+ 10, director of the political department of Huangpu Military Academy.

1925

June+10, 5438, attended the Fourth National Congress of China * * * Production Party. In February, he served as member of the Standing Committee of Guangdong District Committee and Minister of Military Affairs, and participated in leading the troops of Huangpu Military Academy to carry out the first crusade. On August 8, I got married with Deng. In September, he served as the director of the Political Department of the First Army of the National Revolutionary Army, the party representative of the First Division of the First Army, the director of the General Political Department of the Eastern Expedition Army, and the rank of Major General. 10 June, participated in leading the Second Crusade. 1 1 Member of Guangdong Dongjiang Management Committee in June.

1926

In February, he served as deputy representative of the First Army Party. In March, after the "Zhongshan Ship Incident", Mao Zedong and others advocated a counterattack against Chiang Kai-shek, which was not adopted. In February, 65438, he went to Shanghai and served as the head of the Central Organization Department and a member of the Central Military Commission.

1927

In February, he served as secretary of the Military Commission of Shanghai District Committee. In March, he led the third armed uprising of Shanghai workers and served as the general commander. After the "April 12" incident, he advocated "starting quickly and pointing to Nanjing" and "politics cannot be relaxed and compromised". In May, he was elected as a member of the Central Committee at the Fifth National Congress of China Producers' Party and a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee at the First Plenary Session of the Fifth Central Committee. 12 July was appointed as the Provisional Standing Committee of the Central Committee. /kloc-in August, 2000, as the secretary of China's former enemy committee, he led the Nanchang Uprising.

1928

In the summer, he prepared for and attended the Sixth National Congress of China * * * Production Party, where he gave a report on organizational and military issues and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the First Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee, he was elected as a member and member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. Secretary-General of the Standing Committee and Minister of the Central Organization Department. 165438+1return to Shanghai in October. For quite some time afterwards, he actually presided over the work of the Central Committee.

1929

In August, he served as the Central Military Minister of China. In August, the Central Committee drafted a letter of instruction to Gongsijun, and in September, it dictated and reviewed the letter of instruction from the Central Committee to Gongsijun, clarifying the task, future, strategy and development direction of the Red Army, and pointing out that Mao Zedong should still be the secretary of the front committee of Gongsijun.

1930

In March, I left Shanghai for Moscow. In July, he made a report at the 6th United Nations Congress/KLOC-0. Return to Shanghai in August. In September, together with Qu Qiubai, he corrected Li's "Left" adventurism mistake and presided over the Third Plenary Session of the Sixth CPC Central Committee.

193 1 year-1940

193 1 year

In June 5438+10, he served as secretary of the Central Military Commission. In February 65438, he went to Ruijin, the capital of the Central Soviet Area, and served as the secretary of the Central Bureau of the Central Soviet Area.

1932

In June of 5438+00, Ren Hongjun was the general political commissar.

1933

In spring, Zhu De led the Red Army to defeat the fourth "encirclement and suppression" of the Kuomintang army against the Central Soviet Area. In May, he served as the General Political Commissar of the Chinese Workers and Peasants Red Army and the General Political Commissar of the Red Army.

1934

In February, he was elected as the vice chairman of the Central Revolutionary Military Commission. June 5438+10, participated in the Long March. In February 65438, the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee Conference hosted by Liping, Guizhou adopted Mao Zedong's opinion and decided to cross the Wujiang River northward.

1935

In June+10, 5438, he attended the enlarged meeting of the Political Bureau of the Central Committee in Zunyi and supported Mao Zedong's correct proposition. The meeting entrusted Zhou Enlai as the final decision-maker in charge of commanding the army. In June, after the Red Army joined the Fourth Army, at the meeting of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China held in Lianghekou, north of Maogong, Sichuan Province, on behalf of the Central Committee, it was proposed that the Red Army should go north to Sichuan, Shaanxi and Gansu to create a base area, which was unanimously adopted at the meeting. After struggling with Zhang, the main force of the Red Army arrived in the Soviet area of northern Shaanxi in June+October, 5438.

1936

On the night of April 9, he held talks with Zhang Xueliang and reached an understanding of stopping the civil war and unanimously resisting Japan. In 65438+February, after the Xi 'an Incident, Ren Zhong went to Xi 'an, together with Zhang Xueliang and Yang Hucheng, forced Chiang Kai-shek to agree to stop the civil war and unite against Japan.

1937

On behalf of the China * * * production party, he negotiated with the Kuomintang and Chiang Kai-shek in Xi, Hangzhou, Lushan, Shanghai and Nanjing to promote the establishment of an anti-Japanese national united front. In July, the Declaration on Cooperation between China and the Central Committee as Publishing Countries was drafted. In September, he went to Shanxi to carry out anti-Japanese national united front work in North China and War of Resistance against Japanese Aggression. In February 65438, he led a central delegation to Wuhan and became a leading member of the Central Changjiang Bureau.

1938

Participate in leading the work of China * * * Production Party in the Yangtze River Bureau area, and promote the formation and development of the anti-Japanese national united front in the Kuomintang area. In March, he served as deputy general of the Political Department of the Military Commission of the National Government. In September, I attended the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China. 65438+ arrive in Chongqing in February.

1939

On June+10, 5438, the Central South Bureau was established as a secretary, leading the work of the * * * production party in the southern provinces of China, and promoting the consolidation and development of the anti-Japanese national United front in the Kuomintang-ruled areas. In February, he went to the military headquarters of the New Fourth Army in southern Anhui to convey the spirit of the Sixth Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee and determine the development direction, strategy, principles and tasks of the New Fourth Army. In March, he returned to his hometown in Shaoxing and directed the underground party work in Zhejiang and other provinces. Go back to Yan 'an in June. In July, his right arm was broken by falling off a horse. In August, he went to the Soviet Union for medical treatment.

1940

In March, I returned to Yan 'an. In May, he went to Chongqing to continue to preside over the work of China Southern Airlines Bureau.

194 1 year-1950

194 1 year

On June+10, 5438, the Southern Anhui Incident occurred. When the Kuomintang blocked the news, Zhou Enlai wrote an inscription for Xinhua Daily and wrote poems: Mourning the victims of the national disaster in the south of the Yangtze River and a thousand-year-old strange resentment, a leaf in the south of the Yangtze River, fighting, what's the hurry! ? "Make a solemn protest to the Kuomintang authorities and deploy contingency measures in the Central South Bureau.

1942

In the organization * * * Nanfang Bureau cadres to participate in the rectification study.

1943

In order to cooperate with the rectification education, we have held many party member meetings for cadres of Nanfang Bureau, Chongqing Office of the Eighth Route Army and Xinhua Daily Library to tell the history of the China Party. I returned to Yan 'an in July to attend the rectification study and the preparations for the Seventh National Congress.

1944

In May, he attended the Seventh Plenary Session of the Sixth Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and was a member of the presidium. On June+10, 5438, he delivered a speech on How to Solve the Double Tenth Festival in Yan 'an, pointing out that the only correct solution to save the current domestic crisis is to hold an emergency meeting, abolish the one-party dictatorship and establish a Coalition government. 165438+ 10, went to Chongqing to negotiate with the Kuomintang. 65438+ February, back to Yan 'an.

1945

65438+ 10 month, and then negotiate in Chongqing. In February, I returned to Yan 'an. From April to June, he attended the Seventh National Congress of China * * * Production Party, delivered a speech on the United front at the meeting, and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the First Plenary Session of the Seventh Central Committee, he was elected as a member of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee and secretary of the Secretariat. He is still the deputy chairman of the Central Military Commission. In August, after the Japanese surrendered, Mao Zedong and Wang Ruofei, on behalf of China producers, went to Chongqing to hold peace talks with the Kuomintang. 10 10/month 10, Wang Ruofei signed the meeting minutes on behalf of the producer of China.

1946

Ten days before 1, as representatives of China's producers, a three-member committee composed of Marshall and Zhang Qun reached an agreement to stop the military conflict through negotiation. 65438+1October 10 to 3 1, led the China delegation to participate in the political consultative conference held by the Kuomintang in Chongqing. On May 3rd, the China delegation moved from Chongqing to Nanjing. Subsequently, he and two other members of the military trio went to Xuanhuadian, Hubei Province to stop the Kuomintang troops from attacking the Central Plains Liberated Area, and studied and deployed the breakthrough plan with the leaders of the Central Plains troops. During this period, Zhou Enlai tried to stop the civil war and strive for domestic peace, but the Kuomintang army finally attacked the Central Plains Liberated Area on June 26th, and a full-scale civil war broke out. 1 19 10 19, Zhou Enlai led the China delegation back to Yan' an. 65438+February, concurrently served as Minister of Industry of Central Cities.

1947

/kloc-in March, 2008, Mao Zedong and others left Yan 'an, then moved to northern Shaanxi, assisted Mao Zedong in directing the people's liberation wars in various battlefields all over the country, and led the second front struggle in Kuomintang-ruled areas. In August, acting as chief of staff of the Central Military Commission.

1948

In late April, he went to Xibaipo, Jianping County, Hebei Province (now Pingshan County) to assist Mao Zedong in organizing and directing the three major battles of Liaoshen, Huaihai and Ping Jin.

1949

On March 25th, and Mao Zedong rate * * * central authorities in Peiping. In April, the * * * delegation led by China negotiated with the Kuomintang government delegation in Beiping and proposed a domestic peace agreement (final amendment), which was rejected by the Nanjing Kuomintang government. 2 1, the PLA crossed the river. In June, he was elected as the deputy director of the Standing Committee of the Preparatory Committee of the New CPPCC and the head of the drafting group of the "One Program". In September, he attended the first plenary session of China People's Political Consultative Conference and made a report on the drafting process and characteristics of the draft of the same program of China People's Political Consultative Conference; He was elected as a member of the National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference and the Central People's Government. In June+10, 5438, he was elected as the vice chairman of the first CPPCC National Committee, and was appointed as the Prime Minister and Foreign Minister of the State Council and the vice chairman of the People's Revolutionary Military Commission of China. In February, 65438, it was pointed out that China's economic construction should be based on agriculture and guided by industry.

1950

/kloc-from 0 to February, he and Mao Zedong held talks with Soviet leaders in Moscow and signed the Sino-Soviet Treaty of Friendship, Alliance and Mutual Assistance. On June 25th, the Korean War broke out. On September 15, American troops landed in Incheon, ready to cross the "38th parallel". On 30th, Zhou Enlai pointed out that "imperialists should not be allowed to ignore the aggression of their neighbors". 10 year1at the beginning of 0 month, American troops crossed the "38th parallel" and invaded the border between China and North Korea. Zhou Enlai assisted Mao Zedong in organizing and leading the War to Resist US Aggression and Aid Korea.

195 1 year-1960

195 1 year

In February, a leading group composed of six people, including Zhou Enlai and Chen Yun, was established to organize and lead the preparation of the first five-year construction plan. 10 July, Korean armistice negotiations began, directly leading the negotiations in China. 65438+February, concurrently served as the director of the Central Demobilization Committee.

1952

In April, he made a report on our foreign policy and tasks, pointing out that China adheres to a foreign policy of peace. In August, he presided over the drafting of "China Economic Situation and Five-year Construction Tasks", proposing that "the leadership and work focus of the whole party should be shifted to economic construction".

1953

Member of the Drafting Committee of People's Republic of China (PRC) Constitution and Chairman of the Drafting Committee of Election Law. 65438+ February, put forward the Five Principles of Peace.

1954

In February, he presided over the study of the work of the State Sports Commission and proposed to exercise for defending the motherland and building socialism. In April, he led the China delegation to attend the Geneva Conference. In late June, he visited India and Myanmar and issued joint statements with the two prime ministers respectively, advocating the Five Principles of Peace and Harmony as the guiding principles for handling state relations. In July, the Geneva meeting reached an India-Japan armistice agreement. On my way home, I visited Germany, Poland, the Soviet Union and Mongolia. In September, he made a "Government Work Report" at the First National People's Congress, proposing to "build a powerful modern industry, modern agriculture, modern transportation and modern national defense" in China. At the meeting, he was appointed Prime Minister of the State Council and still served as Foreign Minister. In February 65438, he was elected as the chairman of the second CPPCC National Committee.

1955

In March, he presided over a plenary meeting in the State Council to study the work in Tibet, and pointed out that every effort should be made to reduce the burden on people in Xizang, with financial subsidies from the state. In April, China led a delegation to attend the Asian-African Conference held in Bandung, Indonesia, and put forward the policy of "seeking common ground while reserving differences" at the conference, which promoted the success of the conference. After the meeting, he visited Indonesia, and the two sides signed the Treaty between China and Indonesia on Dual Citizenship. In June, he spoke at the inaugural meeting of China Academy of Sciences.

1956

In June+10, 5438, he gave a report on the issue of intellectuals, pointing out that intellectuals are part of the working class. After the meeting, he presided over the formulation of the 12 year science and technology plan. In May, when talking about literature and art, we should implement the policy of "letting a hundred flowers blossom and bringing forth the new". In September, he attended the Eighth National Congress of the Chinese Productive Party and made a report on the proposal of the second five-year plan for developing the national economy, where he was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the First Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee, he was elected as the Vice Chairman of the Central Committee and the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau. From 1 1 to 65438+February, I visited Vietnam, Cambodia, India, Myanmar and Pakistan.

1957

1 February, visited the Soviet Union, Poland, Hungary, Afghanistan, India, Nepal and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka). In August, he participated in the Qingdao Symposium on Ethnic Work, and systematically expounded the theory and policies of China * * * Production Party on ethnic work. In February 65438, he made a report on "Further Improving the Political Literacy of the Army" at the meeting of officers of the China People's Liberation Army in Shanghai.

1958

In February, he visited the Democratic People's Republic of Korea and announced Chinese people's Volunteer Army's complete withdrawal from the DPRK. In June, China University of Science and Technology was approved.

1959

From June 5th to February, he led a delegation from China to attend the 2nd1th Congress of the Soviet Union. In April, he delivered the "Government Work Report" at the first meeting of the Second National People's Congress and continued to be appointed as the Prime Minister of the State Council. At the first meeting of the Third National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference, he was re-elected as the Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee.

1960

I visited Myanmar, India and Nepal in April. In May, he visited Cambodia, Vietnam and Mongolia. In August, he met with Kazuo Suzuki, president of the Japan-China Trade Promotion Association, and put forward three principles of trade with Japan. From August to September, he presided over the formulation of the eight-character policy of "adjustment, consolidation, enrichment and improvement" of the national economy, which was adopted at the Ninth Plenary Session of the Eighth Central Committee in the middle of the following year. 10 year 10 month 1 day, the China-Myanmar border treaty was signed with Myanmar Prime Minister Wu Nu.

196 1 year-1970

196 1 year

In June+10, 5438, he led a friendly delegation to visit Myanmar. From April to May, I went to the countryside of Handan, Hebei Province to investigate and study. In June, 5438+00, he led a delegation of China * * * Production Party to attend the 22nd Congress of the Soviet Union.

1962

From June to February, 65438, he attended the enlarged work conference in the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, where he advocated "telling the truth, encouraging the truth, doing practical things and achieving practical results" and pointed out: "These four sentences can be summarized as: seeking truth from facts." In March, he made a report on Intellectuals at the National Scientific Work Conference and Drama Creation Conference, and made a report on the Government Work at the Third Session of the Second National People's Congress, affirming that the vast majority of intellectuals are "intellectuals belonging to the working people". In April, he delivered a closing speech at the Third Session of the Third Session of Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, focusing on the new development of the people's democratic United front in China, and proposed that "we should unite all forces that can be United and mobilize more factors that can be mobilized to participate in socialist construction and expand our democratic life". 1 1 Since June, he has presided over the frontier scientific and technological work led by the Central Special Committee.

1963

In June+10, 5438, it was put forward at the Shanghai Science and Technology Work Conference: "The key to realizing the modernization of agriculture, industry, national defense and science and technology and building our motherland into a powerful socialist country is to realize the modernization of science and technology." In February 65438, he visited the United Arab Republic (present-day Egypt) and expounded China's five-point proposition on the relations between Arab countries, and then visited Algeria, Morocco and Albania.

1964

/kloc-visited Albania, Tunisia, Ghana, Mali, Guinea, Sudan, Ethiopia, Somalia, Myanmar, Pakistan and Ceylon (now Sri Lanka) from October to February, and put forward eight principles of China government's foreign economic and technical assistance. On June+10, 5438, after the successful explosion of China's first atomic bomb, it solemnly declared that China would not be the first to use nuclear weapons at any time and under any circumstances, and put forward the idea of complete prohibition and thorough destruction of nuclear weapons. In February 65438, he made a report at the Third National People's Congress, announcing that the task of national economic adjustment had been basically completed and China would enter a new development period. He proposed that China's national economic development should be divided into two steps to build China into a powerful socialist country with modern agriculture, modern industry, modern national defense and modern science and technology.

1965

65438 10, he was appointed as the Prime Minister of the State Council at the first meeting of the Third National People's Congress. At the first meeting of the Fourth National Committee of China People's Political Consultative Conference, he continued to be elected as the chairman of the National Committee. From March to April, he visited Romania, Albania, Algeria, United Arab Emirates (now Egypt), Pakistan, Myanmar and Indonesia. In June, he visited Pakistan, Tanzania and the United Arab Emirates (now Egypt). In July, I went to Xinjiang.

1966

In March, I went to the earthquake-stricken area in Xingtai, Hebei Province for investigation and condolences. In June, he visited Romania and Albania. After May, it entered the "Cultural Revolution" period. During the "Cultural Revolution", we made unremitting and arduous efforts to safeguard the normal work of the Party and the country, minimize losses and protect a large number of cadres inside and outside the Party.

1967

In June, 5438+10, he spoke at the conference on grasping revolution and promoting production held in Beijing Workers Stadium. In February, he hosted a central meeting in Huairentang, where Ye Jianying and other proletarian revolutionaries of the older generation strongly criticized the wrong practices of the "Cultural Revolution". In July, under the instigation of Jiang Qing and Kang Sheng, the "rebel" set up a "fire line for pulling Liu ()" outside the west gate of Zhongnanhai to besiege Zhongnanhai. The "Catch Liu" campaign lasted for nearly a month. Zhou Enlai repeatedly criticized the "rebels" and insisted on not moving out of Zhongnanhai, which frustrated their evil attempts.

1968

Strive to defend industrial and agricultural production, stop wars, liberate cadres and promote unity. On February 4, 65438, he instructed Xinhua News Agency that the ultra-left ideological trend in foreign propaganda must be criticized.

1969

In April, he attended the Ninth National Congress of China Producers' Party and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the first plenary session of the Ninth Central Committee, he was elected as a member and member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. In September, he met with kosygin, Chairman of the Soviet Council of Ministers, and reached an understanding on holding Sino-Soviet border negotiations and preventing armed conflicts.

1970

He visited the Democratic People's Republic of Korea in April. June directive: "Preventing conservatism and turning to the extreme left is still the main task at present."

197 1 year-1976

197 1 year

In March, I visited Vietnam. In April, he pointed out that denying everything is an "ultra-left trend of thought". In July, he held secret talks with Kissinger, Assistant to the President of the United States for National Security Affairs, in Beijing. 13 Since September, the treason case in Lin Biao has been handled for three days and nights, which has turned the country from danger to safety. After that, he presided over the daily work of the central government, which made all aspects of work turn around. On June+10, 5438, all legal rights of China in the United Nations were restored.

1972

In February, he held talks with US President Nixon, and China and the United States issued a joint communique in Shanghai. In May, cancer was discovered. In July, it was proposed to strengthen the basic theoretical research of natural science. In August, he once again criticized the ultra-left trend of thought. In September, he held talks with Japanese Prime Minister tanaka kakuei and signed a joint statement between the two governments, thus normalizing diplomatic relations between China and Japan.

1973

In August, he attended the 10th National Congress of China Producers' Party and was elected as a member of the Central Committee. At the first plenary session of the Tenth Central Committee, he was elected as a member, standing committee member and vice chairman of the Central Committee of the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee. In June, 5438+00, he presided over the the Political Bureau of the Communist Party of China (CPC) Central Committee meeting and urged to speed up the work of liberating cadres. The national economy has gradually picked up this year, which is the fastest growing year since the first five-year plan.

1974

June 1 day was seriously ill and hospitalized. He has been working in the hospital since then. On September 30th, he attended a reception to celebrate the 25th anniversary of the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC). This is his last National Day reception.

1975

In June+10, 5438, he made the "Government Work Report" at the first meeting of the Fourth National People's Congress, and put forward the grand goal of advancing towards the four modernizations again. At the meeting, he was appointed as the Prime Minister of the State Council. On September 7th, I saw foreign guests for the last time in the hospital. On February 20, 65438, I talked with the head of the central department for the last time.

1976

65438+ 10 8, died in Beijing.